CN114888637A - Device and method for measuring amplitude of ultrasonic cutter under load condition - Google Patents
Device and method for measuring amplitude of ultrasonic cutter under load condition Download PDFInfo
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- CN114888637A CN114888637A CN202210546581.3A CN202210546581A CN114888637A CN 114888637 A CN114888637 A CN 114888637A CN 202210546581 A CN202210546581 A CN 202210546581A CN 114888637 A CN114888637 A CN 114888637A
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- amplitude
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23Q—DETAILS, COMPONENTS, OR ACCESSORIES FOR MACHINE TOOLS, e.g. ARRANGEMENTS FOR COPYING OR CONTROLLING; MACHINE TOOLS IN GENERAL CHARACTERISED BY THE CONSTRUCTION OF PARTICULAR DETAILS OR COMPONENTS; COMBINATIONS OR ASSOCIATIONS OF METAL-WORKING MACHINES, NOT DIRECTED TO A PARTICULAR RESULT
- B23Q17/00—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools
- B23Q17/09—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool
- B23Q17/0952—Arrangements for observing, indicating or measuring on machine tools for indicating or measuring cutting pressure or for determining cutting-tool condition, e.g. cutting ability, load on tool during machining
Abstract
The invention discloses a device for measuring the amplitude of an ultrasonic cutter under the load condition, which comprises an ultrasonic cutter handle, wherein an energy converter is arranged on the ultrasonic cutter handle, a power supply device for supplying power to the energy converter is arranged on the ultrasonic cutter handle, an amplitude transformer is arranged below the energy converter, the cutter is arranged at the bottom end of the amplitude transformer, a collet nut is arranged on the amplitude transformer, and a sensing device for measuring the amplitude is arranged below the collet nut; the sensing device comprises a plurality of Hall sensors distributed circumferentially around the amplitude transformer, the Hall sensors are connected with the processing system through connecting wires, and a magnetic ring is arranged below the collet nut. The invention also discloses a method of the device for measuring the amplitude of the ultrasonic cutter under the load condition. The device and the method for measuring the amplitude of the ultrasonic cutter under the load condition can solve the problems of low measurement accuracy and complex measurement result processing of the conventional ultrasonic amplitude.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of amplitude measurement, in particular to a device and a method for measuring amplitude of an ultrasonic cutter under a load condition.
Background
Ultrasonic machining is a special machining process which is characterized in that ultrasonic frequency vibration is applied to a machining cutter, small amplitude generated by the ultrasonic frequency vibration is amplified through an amplitude transformer, and the machining surface is continuously hammered through the cutter, so that the surface of a workpiece is gradually crushed. Ultrasonic processing solves many key problems in the field of difficult-to-process materials, can greatly improve the surface quality of workpieces and reduce surface damage, and plays an important role in the field of composite material processing. In the material ultrasonic processing process, the ultrasonic amplitude is a key factor, and the ultrasonic amplitude has important influence on the aspects of material processing surface quality, material removal efficiency and the like, so that the ultrasonic amplitude measurement in the ultrasonic processing has very important significance. The vibration amplitude of the ultrasonic machining under no load is easy to measure and the measuring method is more.
In actual studies of ultrasonic machining, the amplitude of vibration at the tip of the tool bit is typically measured. The phenomenon of amplitude decay occurs after a load is applied to the tool head. Under the same excitation signal of the ultrasonic power supply, due to the different actual working conditions of the vibration system, the load change, the tool abrasion, the transducer heating and other factors, the ultrasonic transducer generates nonlinear characteristic change, the characteristics such as impedance and the like of the ultrasonic transducer change, the mechanical resonance frequency generates large deviation, and the amplitude attenuation is caused. The amplitude of the tool head end in actual operation is not equal to the amplitude in idle. It follows that amplitude measurements under load are important to accurately characterize the relationship between process parameters and process quality.
The difficulty in measuring the actual amplitude in the ultrasonic processing process is as follows: on the one hand, ultrasonic vibrations have a high frequency (typically above 20 KHz) and a small amplitude (typically between 1-200 μm), and this form of vibration makes measurement difficult. On the other hand, the environment is relatively complex under the working state, and the external disturbance also brings trouble to the measurement. Patent (CN 113203467 a) proposes an ultrasonic-assisted machining load amplitude measuring device and method, but the method must be stopped and then measured in the middle of the machining process, and cannot measure the amplitude in real time in the machining process; in the method, the ultrasonic amplitude is obtained by the depth of a pit left on the surface of the workpiece by the cutter, and the measurement is not accurate enough. The patent (CN 109029690 a) proposes a multi-purpose ultrasonic working-state amplitude measurement method and device based on the electromagnetic induction principle, but the method and device are too complicated, which causes errors to accumulate in the measurement process, resulting in inaccurate final measurement results, and the method needs manual intervention for measurement and processing the results, which is very inconvenient.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a device for measuring amplitude of an ultrasonic cutter under a load condition, which solves the problems of low accuracy and complex processing of measurement results of the conventional ultrasonic amplitude measurement. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method of measuring amplitude under load of an ultrasonic tool.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides a device for measuring the amplitude of an ultrasonic cutter under the load condition, which comprises an ultrasonic cutter handle, wherein an energy converter is arranged on the ultrasonic cutter handle, a power supply device for supplying power to the energy converter is arranged on the ultrasonic cutter handle, an amplitude transformer is arranged below the energy converter, the cutter is arranged at the bottom end of the amplitude transformer, a collet nut is arranged on the amplitude transformer, and a sensing device for measuring the amplitude is arranged below the collet nut; the sensing device comprises a plurality of Hall sensors distributed circumferentially around the amplitude transformer, the Hall sensors are connected with the processing system through connecting wires, and a magnetic ring is arranged below the collet nut.
Preferably, the power supply device comprises a support, a lantern ring which is sleeved outside the ultrasonic knife handle in a sliding mode is arranged on the upper portion of the support, a wireless transmission sliding ring II is arranged inside the lantern ring, a wireless transmission sliding ring I which is matched with the wireless transmission sliding ring II is arranged outside the ultrasonic knife handle, and the wireless transmission sliding ring I is connected with the energy converter.
Preferably, the number of the Hall sensors is three, the three Hall sensors are uniformly arranged on a mounting ring of the mounting frame, and the mounting ring is sleeved outside the bottom of the collet nut in a sliding manner.
Preferably, the vertical distance between the Hall sensor and the magnetic ring is 20-200 μm.
Preferably, the processing system is a single-chip microcomputer processing system, and a microprocessor and a display screen are arranged on the processing system.
Preferably, the ultrasonic knife handle is provided with a front cover plate and a rear cover plate for fixing the transducer, and the front cover plate and the rear cover plate are respectively positioned on two sides of the transducer.
The measuring method of the device for measuring the amplitude of the ultrasonic cutter under the load condition comprises the following steps:
s1, butting a first wireless transmission slip ring on the ultrasonic knife handle with a second wireless transmission slip ring on the support, and supplying power to the transducers through the first wireless transmission slip ring and the second wireless transmission slip ring;
s2, enabling the mounting ring on the mounting frame to penetrate through the lower part of the amplitude transformer and to be sleeved outside the lower end of the collet nut, adjusting the distance between the Hall sensor and the magnetic ring, and fixing the mounting frame and a support, wherein the support is fixed on an external device, the ground or a rack and is kept fixed;
s3, connecting the Hall sensor with a processing system through a connecting wire;
s4, sampling the Hall sensor for one time through the processing system, and calibrating as an initial point;
s5, starting a device, wherein the ultrasonic knife handle is driven by a machine tool spindle to rotate at a high speed, the ultrasonic knife handle drives a collet chuck nut and a cutter to synchronously rotate and vibrate at a high frequency in the vertical direction, the Hall sensor is subjected to high-frequency sampling in an idle state, and the corresponding relation between the amplitude and a voltage signal in at least one period of idle time is recorded;
and S6, carrying out high-frequency sampling on the Hall sensors in the working state to obtain voltage signal changes of the Hall sensors, obtaining amplitudes in the working state according to the recorded corresponding relation between the amplitudes in the no-load state and the voltage signals, averaging the amplitudes of the three Hall sensors calculated by processing, and outputting the average value on a display screen.
The device and the method for measuring the amplitude of the ultrasonic cutter under the load condition have the advantages and positive effects that:
1. the distance between the Hall sensor and the magnetic ring is changed through high-frequency vibration in the working process of the ultrasonic knife handle, so that voltage change is generated, the amplitude is obtained through processing and calculation according to the voltage change, and the amplitude measuring device and method are simple and high in accuracy.
2. Three Hall sensors are uniformly distributed on the mounting ring, and the average value of the amplitudes corresponding to the voltage changes of the three Hall sensors is calculated to serve as the final amplitude, so that the error is reduced, and the precision is improved.
3. The processed average value of the amplitudes of the three Hall sensors is directly output through a processing system through a display screen, and the measurement result is simple to process and easy to observe.
The technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail by the accompanying drawings and embodiments.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus and method for measuring amplitude of an ultrasonic tool under load according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of an ultrasonic knife handle of an embodiment of the device and method for measuring amplitude under ultrasonic knife load of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a sensing device according to an embodiment of the present invention for measuring the amplitude of an ultrasonic tool under a load;
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a collet nut configuration for an embodiment of an apparatus and method for measuring amplitude of an ultrasonic tool under load in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a holder structure of an embodiment of an apparatus and method for measuring amplitude of an ultrasonic tool under load.
Reference numerals
1. An ultrasonic knife handle; 2. a support; 3. a collet nut; 4. a mounting frame; 5. a cutter; 6. a Hall sensor; 7. a connecting wire; 8. a processing system; 9. a first wireless transmission slip ring; 10. a transducer; 11. a front cover plate; 12. a rear cover plate; 13. an amplitude transformer; 14. a mounting ring; 15. a magnetic ring; 16. a collar; 17. and a second wireless transmission slip ring.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the accompanying drawings and examples.
Unless defined otherwise, technical or scientific terms used herein shall have the ordinary meaning as understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. The use of "first," "second," and similar terms in the present application do not denote any order, quantity, or importance, but rather the terms are used to distinguish one element from another. The word "comprising" or "comprises", and the like, means that the element or item listed before the word covers the element or item listed after the word and its equivalents, but does not exclude other elements or items. The terms "connected" or "coupled" and the like are not restricted to physical or mechanical connections, but may include electrical connections, whether direct or indirect. "upper", "lower", "left", "right", and the like are used merely to indicate relative positional relationships, and when the absolute position of the object being described is changed, the relative positional relationships may also be changed accordingly.
Examples
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of an apparatus and method for measuring an amplitude of an ultrasonic tool under a load condition according to the present invention, and fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a holder of an embodiment of an apparatus and method for measuring an amplitude of an ultrasonic tool under a load condition according to the present invention. As shown in the figure, the device for measuring the amplitude of the ultrasonic cutter under the load condition comprises an ultrasonic cutter handle 1, wherein a transducer 10 is arranged on the ultrasonic cutter handle 1, and a power supply device for supplying power to the transducer 10 is arranged on the ultrasonic cutter handle 1. The ultrasonic scalpel handle 1 is provided with a front cover plate 11 and a rear cover plate 12 for fixing the transducer 10, and the front cover plate 11 and the rear cover plate 12 are respectively positioned on two sides of the transducer 10. The power supply device comprises a support 2, a lantern ring 16 which is sleeved outside the ultrasonic knife handle 1 in a sliding mode is arranged on the upper portion of the support 2, and the lantern ring 16 and the support 2 are of an integral structure or are fixedly connected together. A second wireless transmission slip ring 17 is arranged inside the lantern ring 16, a first wireless transmission slip ring 9 matched with the second wireless transmission slip ring 17 is arranged outside the ultrasonic knife handle 1, and the first wireless transmission slip ring 9 is connected with the transducer 10. And an external ultrasonic power supply supplies power to the piezoelectric ceramics on the transducer 10 through the second wireless transmission slip ring 17 and the first wireless transmission slip ring 9 to generate vibration.
Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of an ultrasonic knife handle of an embodiment of a device and a method for measuring amplitude of an ultrasonic knife under a load condition of the ultrasonic knife, and fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a sensing device of an embodiment of the device and the method for measuring amplitude of an ultrasonic knife under a load condition of the ultrasonic knife. As shown in the figure, an amplitude transformer 13 is arranged below the transducer 10, and the cutter 5 is fixedly arranged at the bottom end of the amplitude transformer 13. The tool 5 may be a drill, a milling cutter or a grinding head. The vibration generated by the transducer 10 is amplified by the horn 13 and output to the tool 5. The amplitude transformer 13 is provided with a collet nut 3, and the collet nut 3 is fixedly connected with the amplitude transformer 13 through threads. And a sensing device for measuring the amplitude is arranged below the collet nut 3. The sensing device comprises a plurality of Hall sensors 6 which are distributed circumferentially around an amplitude transformer 13, and the Hall sensors 6 are connected with a processing system 8 through connecting wires 7. In this embodiment, there are three hall sensors 6, the three hall sensors 6 are uniformly arranged on the mounting ring 14 of the mounting frame 4, and the mounting frame 4 and the mounting ring 14 are in an integral structure or fixedly connected together. The mounting ring 14 is slidably mounted on the outside of the bottom of the collet nut 3. The mounting frame 4 is fixedly connected with the bracket 2 through screws.
FIG. 4 is a diagram of a collet nut configuration for an embodiment of an apparatus and method for measuring amplitude of an ultrasonic tool under load. As shown, a magnetic ring 15 is arranged below the collet nut 3. The vertical distance between the Hall sensor 6 and the magnetic ring 15 is 20-200 μm, and the vertical distance between the Hall sensor 6 and the magnetic ring 15 is adjusted according to the measured amplitude. The processing system 8 is a single chip microcomputer processing system 8, a microprocessor and a display screen are arranged on the processing system 8, the microprocessor is used for calculating corresponding amplitude values according to the voltage values, and the processing and calculation of the microprocessor can be carried out by adopting the existing technology. The display screen is a liquid crystal display screen and is used for displaying the calculated amplitude value.
During operation, the tool 5 has good rigidity, so that the vibration of the magnetic ring 15 at the lower end of the collet nut 3 can be regarded as the vibration of the tool 5. When the ultrasonic knife handle 1 works in a high-frequency vibration state, the support 2 and the mounting rack 4 are fixed, the amplitude transformer 13 moves up and down in the vertical direction, so that the distance between the Hall sensor 6 and the magnetic ring 15 is changed, the Hall sensor 6 is caused to have voltage change, the processing system 8 respectively collects voltages on the three Hall sensors 6, three amplitude values are obtained through the corresponding relation between the amplitude and the voltage, the average value of the three amplitude values is obtained, the obtained average value is displayed on the liquid crystal display screen, and the average value is the final measured amplitude result. The amplitude of the three Hall sensors 6 is averaged, so that the error can be reduced, and the measurement accuracy can be improved.
The measuring method of the device for measuring the amplitude of the ultrasonic cutter 5 under the load condition comprises the following steps:
s1, butting the first wireless transmission slip ring 9 on the ultrasonic knife handle 1 with the second wireless transmission slip ring 17 on the support 2, and supplying power to the transducer 10 through the first wireless transmission slip ring 9 and the second wireless transmission slip ring 17.
S2, the mounting ring 14 on the mounting rack 4 penetrates through the lower part of the amplitude transformer 13 and is sleeved outside the lower end of the collet nut 3, the distance between the Hall sensor 6 and the magnetic ring 15 is adjusted, the mounting rack 4 and the support 2 are fixed, and the support 2 is fixed on an external device, the ground or a rack and is kept fixed. Sufficient clearance is left between the mounting ring 14 and the collet nut 3 to ensure that no friction occurs between the collet nut 3 and the mounting ring 14 during operation.
And S3, connecting the Hall sensor 6 with the processing system 8 through the connecting wire 7, and transmitting the signals collected by the Hall sensor 6 to the processing system 8 through the connecting wire 7.
And S4, sampling the Hall sensor 6 once through the processing system 8, and calibrating as an initial point.
S5, starting the device, the ultrasonic knife handle 1 rotates at a high speed under the drive of the machine tool main shaft, the ultrasonic knife handle 1 drives the collet chuck nut 3 and the cutter 5 to synchronously rotate and vibrate at a high frequency in the vertical direction, the Hall sensor 6 is sampled at a high frequency in a no-load state, and the corresponding relation between the amplitude of at least one period and a voltage signal is recorded.
And S6, sampling the Hall sensor 6 at high frequency in the working state to obtain the voltage signal change of the Hall sensor 6, obtaining the amplitude in the working state according to the recorded correspondence between the no-load amplitude and the voltage signal, averaging the amplitudes of the three Hall sensors 6 calculated by processing, and outputting the average value on a display screen.
Therefore, the device and the method for measuring the amplitude of the ultrasonic cutter under the load condition can solve the problems of low accuracy and complex processing of the measurement result of the conventional ultrasonic amplitude measurement.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: modifications and equivalents may be made to the invention without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (7)
1. An apparatus for measuring amplitude of an ultrasonic tool under a load condition, comprising: the ultrasonic vibration measuring tool comprises an ultrasonic tool handle, wherein an energy converter is arranged on the ultrasonic tool handle, a power supply device for supplying power to the energy converter is arranged on the ultrasonic tool handle, an amplitude transformer is arranged below the energy converter, a tool is arranged at the bottom end of the amplitude transformer, a collet nut is arranged on the amplitude transformer, and a sensing device for measuring amplitude is arranged below the collet nut; the sensing device comprises a plurality of Hall sensors distributed circumferentially around the amplitude transformer, the Hall sensors are connected with the processing system through connecting wires, and a magnetic ring is arranged below the collet nut.
2. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for measuring the amplitude of the ultrasonic blade under load comprises: the power supply device comprises a support, a lantern ring which is sleeved outside the ultrasonic knife handle in a sliding mode is arranged on the upper portion of the support, a wireless transmission sliding ring II is arranged inside the lantern ring, a wireless transmission sliding ring I which is matched with the wireless transmission sliding ring II is arranged outside the ultrasonic knife handle, and the wireless transmission sliding ring I is connected with the transducer.
3. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for measuring the amplitude of the ultrasonic blade under load comprises: the number of the three Hall sensors is three, the three Hall sensors are uniformly arranged on the mounting ring of the mounting frame, and the mounting ring is sleeved outside the bottom of the collet nut in a sliding mode.
4. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for measuring the amplitude of the ultrasonic blade under load comprises: the vertical distance between the Hall sensor and the magnetic ring is 20-200 mu m.
5. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for measuring the amplitude of the ultrasonic blade under load comprises: the processing system is a single chip microcomputer processing system, and a microprocessor and a display screen are arranged on the processing system.
6. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the means for measuring the amplitude of the ultrasonic blade under load comprises: the ultrasonic knife handle is provided with a front cover plate and a rear cover plate for fixing the transducer, and the front cover plate and the rear cover plate are respectively positioned on two sides of the transducer.
7. A method of measuring the amplitude of an ultrasonic tool under load as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6, comprising the steps of:
s1, butting a first wireless transmission slip ring on the ultrasonic knife handle with a second wireless transmission slip ring on the support, and supplying power to the transducers through the first wireless transmission slip ring and the second wireless transmission slip ring;
s2, enabling the mounting ring on the mounting frame to penetrate through the lower part of the amplitude transformer and to be sleeved outside the lower end of the collet nut, adjusting the distance between the Hall sensor and the magnetic ring, and fixing the mounting frame and a support, wherein the support is fixed on an external device, the ground or a rack and is kept fixed;
s3, connecting the Hall sensor with a processing system through a connecting wire;
s4, sampling the Hall sensor for one time through the processing system, and calibrating as an initial point;
s5, starting a device, wherein the ultrasonic knife handle is driven by a machine tool spindle to rotate at a high speed, the ultrasonic knife handle drives a collet nut and a cutter to synchronously rotate and vibrate at a high frequency in the vertical direction, the Hall sensor is subjected to high-frequency sampling in an idle state, and the corresponding relation between the amplitude of at least one period and a voltage signal is recorded;
and S6, carrying out high-frequency sampling on the Hall sensors in the working state to obtain voltage signal changes of the Hall sensors, obtaining amplitudes in the working state according to the recorded correspondence between no-load amplitudes and voltage signals, averaging the amplitudes of the three Hall sensors calculated by processing, and outputting the average values on a display screen.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202210546581.3A CN114888637A (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Device and method for measuring amplitude of ultrasonic cutter under load condition |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210546581.3A CN114888637A (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Device and method for measuring amplitude of ultrasonic cutter under load condition |
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| CN202210546581.3A Pending CN114888637A (en) | 2022-05-18 | 2022-05-18 | Device and method for measuring amplitude of ultrasonic cutter under load condition |
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Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203380707U (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2014-01-08 | 西安理工大学 | Ultrasonic vibration detecting device |
| CN203965031U (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-26 | 苏州科技学院 | Ultrasonic vibration cutting edge roundness amplitude measuring apparatus |
| CN105922453A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-09-07 | 东莞市优超精密技术有限公司 | HSK ultrasonic knife handle |
| CN106670297A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-17 | 山东大学 | Rotary ultrasonic compound incremental forming device and method based on real-time feedback |
| CN109029690A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-12-18 | 河南理工大学 | Multi-purpose ultrasound works state vibration amplitude measurement method and device based on electromagnetic induction principle |
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2022
- 2022-05-18 CN CN202210546581.3A patent/CN114888637A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN203380707U (en) * | 2013-06-24 | 2014-01-08 | 西安理工大学 | Ultrasonic vibration detecting device |
| CN203965031U (en) * | 2014-07-31 | 2014-11-26 | 苏州科技学院 | Ultrasonic vibration cutting edge roundness amplitude measuring apparatus |
| CN105922453A (en) * | 2016-04-20 | 2016-09-07 | 东莞市优超精密技术有限公司 | HSK ultrasonic knife handle |
| CN106670297A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2017-05-17 | 山东大学 | Rotary ultrasonic compound incremental forming device and method based on real-time feedback |
| CN109029690A (en) * | 2018-06-15 | 2018-12-18 | 河南理工大学 | Multi-purpose ultrasound works state vibration amplitude measurement method and device based on electromagnetic induction principle |
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