CN103217349A - High-speed motorized spindle dynamic and static rigidity testing device and high-speed motorized spindle dynamic and static rigidity testing method based on three-way electromagnetic force loading - Google Patents
High-speed motorized spindle dynamic and static rigidity testing device and high-speed motorized spindle dynamic and static rigidity testing method based on three-way electromagnetic force loading Download PDFInfo
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- CN103217349A CN103217349A CN2013101163213A CN201310116321A CN103217349A CN 103217349 A CN103217349 A CN 103217349A CN 2013101163213 A CN2013101163213 A CN 2013101163213A CN 201310116321 A CN201310116321 A CN 201310116321A CN 103217349 A CN103217349 A CN 103217349A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-speed motorized spindle dynamic and static rigidity testing device and a high-speed motorized spindle dynamic and static rigidity testing method based on three-way electromagnetic force loading, wherein a radial loading electromagnet adopts differential control, moreover, the device and the method can perform loading test for different machine tools, and are wide in adaptability. For the loading amount and the displacement amount acquired through a force sensor and a displacement sensor, a computational processing unit performs data processing on a force signal and a displacement signal to obtain a dynamic rigidity curve and a static rigidity curve, the device is convenient to operate, accurate and professional, the three-way (axial, radial and tangential) loading conditions of the high speed motorized spindle in the working process is simulated successfully, and then, the static rigidity features and the dynamic rigidity features of the spindle are measured, and the problem of difficulty in accurate on-line load application and detection in the high speed motorized spindle dynamic and static rigidity analysis test of the existing technology is solved.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to high-speed electric main shaft test and analysis technology field, relate to a kind of high-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness and method that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force.
Background technology
The application of high-speed electric main shaft on high-speed processing machine tool promoted development of advanced manufacturing such as High-speed machining, become the Core Feature parts of high-speed processing machine tool, and its performance has determined the overall development level of machining tool to a certain extent.Therefore high-speed processing machine tool has harsh requirement to the technical indicator of high-speed electric main shaft, makes it be different from traditional axis system, and dynamic properties such as its security, reliability and sound rigidity become structural design and the operating matter of utmost importance of lathe.Its stiffness characteristics has determined the crudy of high-speed machining center to a great extent, also is the key factor that influences its machining precision.Therefore, the stiffness characteristics of further investigation spindle unit has crucial meaning for the serviceability of further raising machining center.
By loading experiment to high-speed electric main shaft, can grasp the correlation parameters such as sound rigidity of this high-speed electric main shaft, these parameters will play great function in associative operation personnel's use, make the user in production practices, optimize the every technical parameter of this equipment better, use producer, user to bring direct remarkable economic efficiency thereby give according to different production actual conditions.
Rigidity comprises the implication of two aspects: the ability of the ability of opposing permanent load and opposing alternate load.The former often is called quiet rigidity, and the latter then is called dynamic stiffness.In the past, the mensuration of static rigidity of lathe is under non-cutting state, and stressing conditions during simulation cutting applies static load to lathe, records the distortion of each parts under different loads, makes the corresponding stiffness family curve, and calculates the quiet rigidity of lathe.At present, the assay method of the quiet rigidity of lathe has unidirectional loading determination method and three-dimensional to load determination method.The former is traditional measuring method, and shortcoming is the situation of bearing three-dimensional cutting component when not meeting machine tooling, generally can only be used for the size of comparison machine tool component rigidity; The latter adopts the truth when three-dimensional loading determination method is more approaching cuts, but the size of imposed load and the value of displacement are shown by clock gauge when measuring, artificial treatment data, the measuring method of drawing the quiet load-deflection curve of lathe have shortcomings such as efficiency of measurement is low, error is big;
Dynamic stiffness is to weigh the leading indicator of lathe antivibration ability, and it is numerically equal to and produces the required alternating force of unit amplitude.Therefore, lathe is applied exciting force, can record the response displacement simultaneously, its transport function is the displacement of unit force, i.e. dynamic flexibility.It is actually the inverse of dynamic stiffness, has reflected the ability of lathe opposing external interference equally, and dynamic flexibility is bigger, i.e. the displacement that system under the unit force effect produces is big, and dynamic stiffness is just more little.And the method for testing of dynamic stiffness is fairly simple, progress is slow, normally load the test analysis that carries out dynamic stiffness by contact, because the rotating speed of high-speed electric main shaft is higher, contact loads and can produce a large amount of heat of friction and wearing and tearing, has a strong impact on measuring accuracy, though some researchist utilize electromagnetic exciter or exploitation high-speed double electromagnet contactless loading, but at mainly be radial direction or axial loading test, be not inconsistent with the situation of three received strength in the actual condition.
Summary of the invention
The problem that the present invention solves is to provide the contactless three-phase electromagnetic force of a kind of high-speed electric main shaft to load and the sound device for testing stiffness, can simulate high-speed electric main shaft three-dimensional (axially, radially and tangentially) stand under load situation in the course of the work, solve the problem that is difficult to accurate online imposed load and detection in the test of prior art high speed electricity main shaft sound stiffness analysis.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
A kind of high-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force comprises base, and base is provided with two radial loaded electromagnet that are oppositely arranged and the axial electromagnet that loads; The loading prod that is connected with high-speed electric main shaft is arranged on the radial loaded electromagnet and axially loads between the electromagnet, loads prod and radial loaded electromagnet, axially loads and all leave certain clearance between the electromagnet; Load prod and comprise and two kinds of the loading prods of solid loading prod and periphery fluting be provided with the winding lead in the groove of being offered in the loading prod of described periphery fluting that the winding lead connects external power supply;
Radial loaded electromagnet rear is equipped with at least two radial force sensors, and the below that axially loads electromagnet is provided with axial force transducer; Radial displacement transducer and shaft position sensor are arranged on the radial and axial direction that loads prod by displacement sensor bracket respectively, and leave certain interval; Also be respectively equipped with torque sensor and angular displacement sensor on the displacement sensor bracket;
Radial loaded electromagnet, the coil that axially loads on the electromagnet are connected with power amplifier respectively, after the signal output that is connected with calculation processing unit receives its signal that sends with acquisition module, send to power amplifier; Signal output also is connected with radial force sensor, axial force transducer, radial displacement transducer, shaft position sensor, torque sensor and angular displacement sensor respectively with acquisition module, gathers displacement signal and force signal and sends it to calculation processing unit;
Calculation processing unit through calculation process, obtains the sound stiffness curve according to the displacement signal that is received and force signal.
Described axial loading electromagnet is fixed on the base by first pressing plate and first fixed head, and axial force transducer is fixed between the base and first fixed head;
The radial loaded electromagnet is fixed on the base by second pressing plate and second fixed head, also is provided with fixed block between second fixed head and the base, and the radial force sensor is fixed between the fixed block and second fixed head.
Described displacement sensor bracket comprises the supporting seat that is connected with platen, and supporting seat is provided with can be for loading the fixed frame that prod passes; Radial displacement transducer and shaft position sensor are arranged on the fixed frame, and radial displacement transducer is distributed in and loads the different footpath of prod upwards.
Described radial displacement transducer comprises three at least, is separately positioned on the orthogonal frame of fixed frame;
The radial force sensor is an even number, and its pole surface symmetria bilateralis that radially loads electromagnet distributes.
Described base is arranged on the platen and its adjustable positions; The pairing center line of the pole surface of radial loaded electromagnet coincides with the axial line that loads prod; Loading prod is magnetic conductivity good metal rod.
Described loading prod is by being connected with high-speed electric main shaft with connecting portion that the high-speed electric main shaft handle of a knife is complementary.
Described radial force sensor, axial force transducer all adopt piezoelectric force transducer or strain gauge drawing force and compression force transducer; Adopt strain gauge drawing force and compression force transducer when surveying static force and low frequency dynamic force, adopt piezoelectric force transducer when surveying the high frequency dynamic force.
The method of the high-speed electric main shaft sound rigidity test that a kind of three-phase electromagnetic force based on described device loads may further comprise the steps:
1) the axially test of dynamic stiffness: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect solid loading prod, connect the power supply that axially loads electromagnet, send control signal to signal output with acquisition module by calculation processing unit, import the stack of direct current skew and a certain frequency sinusoidal signal for axial magnetic iron by power amplifier again, perhaps import the stack of swept-frequency signal and direct current offset; The magnetic field that axially loads the electromagnet generation interacts with the loading prod and forms axial dynamic load power, record force signal and displacement signal by axial force transducer and shaft position sensor, and the output of process signal passes to calculation processing unit with acquisition module, the dynamic stiffness curve that the process data processing is axially loaded;
2) test of axial quiet rigidity: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect solid loading prod, connect the power supply that axially loads electromagnet, send control signal to signal output with acquisition module by calculation processing unit, the size that changes the dc offset that inputs to axial loading electromagnet through power amplifier obtains different big or small axial static force, load prod and produce corresponding displacement, axial force transducer and shaft position sensor record force signal and displacement signal, and the output of process signal passes to calculation processing unit with acquisition module, the quiet stiffness curve that the process calculation process is axially loaded;
3) the radially test of dynamic stiffness: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect solid loading prod, connect the power supply of two radial loaded electromagnet, carry out differential excitation, send control signal to signal output with acquisition module by calculation processing unit, pass to bias current i by power amplifier to one in two radial loaded electromagnet again
0With Control current i
xSum i
0+ i
xExcitatory, another then utilizes the difference i of the two
0-i
xExcitatory, act on then and load making a concerted effort for the sinusoidal force signal of a certain frequency or be the frequency sweep force signal on the prod; Radial force sensor and radial displacement transducer will record force signal and displacement signal, and output passes to calculation processing unit with acquisition module through signal, obtains the dynamic stiffness curve of radial loaded through data processing;
4) the radially test of quiet rigidity: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect solid loading prod, connect the power supply of the radial loaded electromagnet that loads prod one side, the radial loaded electromagnet of opposite side keeps outage, by output of calculation processing unit control signal and acquisition module, pass to the power that different direct current offsets obtains different sizes by power amplifier for the radially electromagnet of switching on, load prod and produce corresponding displacement; Calculation processing unit to the radial displacement transducer of energising side radial loaded electromagnet and radial force sensor measurement to data handle, obtain the quiet stiffness curve of radial loaded.
Also comprise tangential detection:
5) test of tangential dynamic stiffness, tangential quiet rigidity: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect the loading prod of periphery fluting, and winding lead and external power supply are connected, feed electric signal at the winding lead; Connect the power supply of two radial loaded electromagnet, generate an electromagnetic field, load prod and can be subjected to torsional interaction and produce angular displacement; Tangential force signal and angular displacement signal that torque sensor and angular displacement sensor record, and the output of process signal passes to calculation processing unit with acquisition module; Obtain tangential dynamic stiffness curve and quiet stiffness curve through data processing.
When above-mentioned test, start high-speed electric main shaft, the test high-speed electric main shaft is three-dimensional dynamic stiffness and the quiet rigidity under the different rotating speeds in working order; Closing high-speed electricity main shaft, three-dimensional dynamic stiffness and the quiet rigidity of test high-speed electric main shaft under off working state.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial technical effects:
High-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness and the method that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force provided by the invention, the simulation high-speed electric main shaft is three-dimensional (axially, radially and tangentially) stand under load situation in the course of the work, can apply the dynamic force of static force and certain frequency scope to electric main shaft three-dimensional, and then test obtains the quiet rigidity and the dynamic stiffness characteristic of main shaft, solve the problem that is difficult to accurate online imposed load and detection in the test of prior art high speed electricity main shaft sound stiffness analysis, can realize three-dimensional power on-line loaded and detection.
High-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness and the method that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force provided by the invention, its radial loaded electromagnet is oppositely arranged, and realizes differential excitation, and Loading Control is compared with the ordinary load mode more accurately, is stablized; High-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness and the method that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force provided by the invention, can on the target lathe, directly load test, just need have the load test rod of different size made to order and unrestricted at the lathe handle of a knife of different model in special fixing electric main shaft testing table, have better generality, help in actual engineering, applying.
High-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness and the method that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force provided by the invention, control signal output and collection, the force signal that obtains and displacement signal are carried out data processing obtain dynamic stiffness curve and quiet stiffness curve, the measuring accuracy height, be easy to control, analytic system adopts programming software to work out the control analysis program, given full play to the ability of computing machine, powerful data processing function is arranged, according to oneself needs definition and made sound rigidity test analysis and Control instrument, have stronger dirigibility, specificity, portability.
High-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness and the method that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force provided by the invention, the fluting that adopts loads prod, utilize the correlation theory of rotor, broken through the restriction of traditional thinking, realized the loading of torque (being tangential force).
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is a charger structural representation of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the connection diagram of prod of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is that tangential moment of torsion loads the test philosophy synoptic diagram.
Wherein, 1 is power amplifier, and 2 is platen, 3 is displacement sensor bracket, 4 is base, and 5 is the radial force sensor, and 6 is the radial loaded electromagnet, 7 is radial displacement transducer, 8 is high-speed electric main shaft, and 9 for loading prod, and 10 is shaft position sensor, 11 is axially to load electromagnet, 12 is axial force transducer, and 13 are signal output and acquisition system, and 14 is computing unit, 15 is lifting bolt, 16 is first fixed head, and 17 is first pressing plate, and 18 is second fixed head, 19 is second pressing plate, and 20 are fixing nahlock.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in further detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and the explanation of the invention is not limited.
Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, a kind of high-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force comprises base 4, and base 4 is provided with two radial loaded electromagnet 6 that are oppositely arranged and the axial electromagnet 11 that loads; The loading prod 9 that is connected with high-speed electric main shaft 8 is arranged on radial loaded electromagnet 6 and axially loads between the electromagnet 11, loads prod 9 and radial loaded electromagnet 6, axially loads and all leave certain clearance between the electromagnet 11; Load prod 9 and comprise and two kinds of the loading prods of solid loading prod and periphery fluting be provided with the winding lead in the groove of being offered in the loading prod of described periphery fluting that the winding lead connects external power supply;
Radial loaded electromagnet 6 rears are equipped with at least two radial force sensors 5, and the below that axially loads electromagnet 11 is provided with axial force transducer 12; Radial displacement transducer 7 and shaft position sensor 10 are arranged on the radial and axial direction that loads prod 9 by displacement sensor bracket 3 respectively, and leave certain interval; Also be respectively equipped with torque sensor and angular displacement sensor on the displacement sensor support 3;
Radial loaded electromagnet 6, the coil that axially loads on the electromagnet 11 are connected with power amplifier 1 respectively, and the signal output that is connected with calculation processing unit 14 sends to power amplifier 1 after receiving its signal that sends with acquisition module 13; Signal output also is connected with angular displacement sensor with radial force sensor 5, axial force transducer 12, radial displacement transducer 7, shaft position sensor 10, torque sensor respectively with acquisition module 13, gathers displacement signal and force signal and sends it to calculation processing unit 14;
Tangential force is meant the acting force of the moment that adds when measuring the main shaft torsional rigidity, consideration for the tangential force detection, the loading prod that loads the periphery fluting in the prod is made the structure of a similar rotor, promptly adopt the loading prod of periphery fluting, and lay winding conducting wire, just formed an easy asynchronous machine, in winding, just can apply moment behind the galvanization to loading bar.Moment size and frequency can be by the Waveform Control of external electric current.
Load the test philosophy synoptic diagram referring to tangential moment of torsion shown in Figure 4: after winding lead, radial loaded electromagnet were switched on respectively, the winding lead just produced torsional forces in electromagnetic field, and then was loaded on the loading prod, made it produce angular displacement; And torque sensor and angular displacement sensor detect above-mentioned signal respectively and pass to calculation processing unit.
Concrete, described axial loading electromagnet 11 is fixed on the base 4 by first pressing plate 17 and first fixed head 16, and axial force transducer 12 is fixed between the base 4 and first fixed head 16;
Radial loaded electromagnet 6 is fixed on the base 4 by second pressing plate 19 and second fixed head 18, also is provided with fixed block 20 between second fixed head 18 and the base 4, and radial force sensor 5 is fixed between the fixed block 20 and second fixed head 18.
Fixed head, its material of pressing plate are magnetic stainless steel not, avoid leakage field.
Further, described displacement sensor bracket 3 comprises the supporting seat that is connected with platen 2, and supporting seat is provided with can be for loading the fixed frame that prod 9 passes; Radial displacement transducer 7 and shaft position sensor 10 are arranged on the fixed frame, and radial displacement transducer 7 is distributed in loading prod 9 different footpaths and makes progress.And base for supporting is used for fixing support iron core and accessory structure thereof, and is fixed on the platen by being threaded.
Referring to Fig. 3, described radial displacement transducer 7 comprises three at least, is separately positioned on the orthogonal frame of fixed frame;
Described base 4 is arranged on the platen 2 and its adjustable positions, also is provided with lifting bolt 15 on the base 4; The pairing center line of the pole surface of radial loaded electromagnet 6 coincides with the axial line that loads prod 9; Loading prod 9 is magnetic conductivity good metal rod.When actual loaded is tested, load prod axial line and two central lines on the face of cylinder formed of electromagnet pole face radially, and regulate gap between loading bar end and the axial loading electromagnet pole face to the designing requirement value; Radially, axial magnetic iron is the U-shaped electromagnet, different is that radial loaded electromagnet pole face is a circular arc, axially loading the electromagnet pole face is the plane, the two ends magnetic pole twines field coil respectively.
Described loading prod 9 is by being connected with high-speed electric main shaft with connecting portion that the high-speed electric main shaft handle of a knife is complementary.Such as with the BT30 handle of a knife being basic engineering loading prod, if the handle of a knife of other kinds, it is just passable only the part that loading prod and main shaft connect need to be made the connected mode the same with this kind handle of a knife, and the part that is loaded and tests can unify to be made into a kind of specification, and the present invention has just had adaptability widely like this.And at the loading prod of the electric main shaft configuration different size of different size, so just can directly on the target lathe, carry out load test to electric main shaft, and not be subject to special-purpose electric main shaft testing table.
Concrete described radial force sensor 5, axial force transducer 12 all adopt piezoelectric force transducer or strain gauge drawing force and compression force transducer; Adopt strain gauge drawing force and compression force transducer when surveying static force and low frequency dynamic force, adopt piezoelectric force transducer when surveying the high frequency dynamic force.Displacement transducer adopts non-contacting sensor, as eddy current displacement sensor, laser displacement sensor or Fibre Optical Sensor.
When carrying out the sound rigidity test, earlier proving installation is installed:
With two radial loaded electromagnet and the axial electromagnet that loads, fixed head, pressing plate, sensors etc. are installed on the base support, base by thread is fastened on the worktable, by the position of base on worktable, provide the radially position coordinates of the center line on the face of cylinder of electromagnet formation, for main shaft of numerical control machine tool is write the coordinate instruction, loading bar moved to require the position, guarantee the center line centering of the circle that loading bar axial line and the radially electromagnet that provides form, concrete radial loaded electromagnet and the axial gap that loads electromagnet and loading bar are initial designs 0.5mm.
Provide the method for the high-speed electric main shaft sound rigidity test that loads based on the three-phase electromagnetic force of described device below, may further comprise the steps:
1) the axially test of dynamic stiffness: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect solid loading prod, connect the power supply that axially loads electromagnet, send control signal to signal output with acquisition module by calculation processing unit, import the stack of direct current skew and a certain frequency sinusoidal signal for axial magnetic iron by power amplifier again, perhaps import the stack of swept-frequency signal and direct current offset; The magnetic field that axially loads the electromagnet generation interacts with the loading prod and forms axial dynamic load power, record force signal and displacement signal by axial force transducer and shaft position sensor, and the output of process signal passes to calculation processing unit with acquisition module, the dynamic stiffness curve that process data processing (calculate frequency response function and obtain the dynamic flexibility curve, ask reciprocal again) is axially loaded;
2) test of axial quiet rigidity: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect solid loading prod, connect the power supply that axially loads electromagnet, send control signal to signal output with acquisition module by calculation processing unit, the size that changes the dc offset that inputs to axial loading electromagnet through power amplifier obtains different big or small axial static force, load prod and produce corresponding displacement, axial force transducer and shaft position sensor record force signal and displacement signal, and the output of process signal passes to calculation processing unit with acquisition module, the quiet stiffness curve that process calculation process (acting force under the unit of account displacement) is axially loaded;
3) the radially test of dynamic stiffness: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect solid loading prod, connect the power supply of two radial loaded electromagnet, carry out differential excitation, send control signal to signal output with acquisition module by calculation processing unit, pass to bias current i by power amplifier to one in two radial loaded electromagnet again
0With Control current i
xSum i
0+ i
xExcitatory, another then utilizes the difference i of the two
0-i
xExcitatory, act on then and load making a concerted effort for the sinusoidal force signal of a certain frequency or be the frequency sweep force signal on the prod; Radial force sensor and radial displacement transducer will record force signal and displacement signal, output passes to calculation processing unit with acquisition module through signal, obtain the dynamic stiffness curve of radial loaded through data processing (carry out the frequency response function analysis, obtain the dynamic flexibility curve, ask reciprocal again);
4) the radially test of quiet rigidity: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect solid loading prod, connect the power supply of the radial loaded electromagnet that loads prod one side, the radial loaded electromagnet of opposite side keeps outage, by output of calculation processing unit control signal and acquisition module, pass to the power that different direct current offsets obtains different sizes by power amplifier for the radially electromagnet of switching on, load prod and produce corresponding displacement; Calculation processing unit to the radial displacement transducer of energising side radial loaded electromagnet and radial force sensor measurement to data handle (acting force under the unit of account displacement), obtain the quiet stiffness curve of radial loaded.
Carry out tangential detection again:
5) test of tangential dynamic stiffness, tangential quiet rigidity: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect the loading prod of periphery fluting, and winding lead and external power supply are connected, feed electric signal at the winding lead; Connect the power supply of two radial loaded electromagnet, generate an electromagnetic field, load prod and can be subjected to torsional interaction and produce angular displacement; Tangential force signal and angular displacement signal that torque sensor and angular displacement sensor record, and the output of process signal passes to calculation processing unit with acquisition module; Obtain tangential dynamic stiffness curve and quiet stiffness curve through data processing.
Concrete calculation processing unit obtains the dynamic flexibility curve according to tangential force signal and angular displacement signal calculating frequency response function, asks reciprocal again, obtains dynamic stiffness curve; Calculation processing unit carries out data processing according to tangential force signal and angular displacement signal, obtains the acting force under the unit displacement, obtains tangential quiet stiffness curve.
When above-mentioned test, start high-speed electric main shaft, the test high-speed electric main shaft is three-dimensional dynamic stiffness and the quiet rigidity under the different rotating speeds in working order; Closing high-speed electricity main shaft, three-dimensional dynamic stiffness and the quiet rigidity of test high-speed electric main shaft under off working state.
Claims (10)
1. a high-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force is characterized in that, comprises base (4), and base (4) is provided with two radial loaded electromagnet (6) that are oppositely arranged and the axial electromagnet (11) that loads; The loading prod (9) that is connected with high-speed electric main shaft (8) is arranged on radial loaded electromagnet (6) and axially loads between the electromagnet (11), loads prod (9) and radial loaded electromagnet (6), axially loads between the electromagnet (11) and all leave certain clearance; Load prod (9) and comprise and two kinds of the loading prods of solid loading prod and periphery fluting be provided with the winding lead in the groove of being offered in the loading prod of described periphery fluting that the winding lead connects external power supply;
Radial loaded electromagnet (6) rear is equipped with at least two radial force sensors (5), and the below that axially loads electromagnet (11) is provided with axial force transducer (12); Radial displacement transducer (7) and shaft position sensor (10) are arranged on the radial and axial direction that loads prod (9) by displacement sensor bracket (3) respectively, and leave certain interval; Displacement sensor bracket also is respectively equipped with torque sensor and angular displacement sensor on (3);
Radial loaded electromagnet (6), the coil that axially loads on the electromagnet (11) are connected with power amplifier (1) respectively, after the signal output that is connected with calculation processing unit (14) receives its signal that sends with acquisition module (13), send to power amplifier (1); Signal output also is connected with angular displacement sensor with radial force sensor (5), axial force transducer (12), radial displacement transducer (7), shaft position sensor (10), torque sensor respectively with acquisition module (13), gathers displacement signal and force signal and sends it to calculation processing unit (14);
Calculation processing unit (14) through calculation process, obtains the sound stiffness curve according to the displacement signal that is received and force signal.
2. the high-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described axial loading electromagnet (11) is fixed on the base (4) by first pressing plate (17) and first fixed head (16), and axial force transducer (12) is fixed between base (4) and first fixed head (16);
Radial loaded electromagnet (6) is fixed on the base (4) by second pressing plate (19) and second fixed head (18), also be provided with fixed block (20) between second fixed head (18) and the base (4), radial force sensor (5) is fixed between fixed block (20) and second fixed head (18).
3. the high-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described displacement sensor bracket (3) comprises the supporting seat that is connected with platen (2), and supporting seat is provided with can be for loading the fixed frame that prod (9) passes; Radial displacement transducer (7) and shaft position sensor (10) are arranged on the fixed frame, and radial displacement transducer (7) is distributed in and loads the different footpath of prod (9) upwards.
4. the high-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 3 is characterized in that described radial displacement transducer (7) comprises three at least, is separately positioned on the orthogonal frame of fixed frame;
Radial force sensor (5) is an even number, and its pole surface symmetria bilateralis that radially loads electromagnet (6) distributes.
5. the high-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, described base (4) is arranged on platen (2) and goes up and its adjustable positions, also is provided with lifting bolt (15) on the base (4); The pairing center line of pole surface of radial loaded electromagnet (6) coincides with the axial line that loads prod (9); Loading prod (9) is magnetic conductivity good metal rod.
6. the high-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, loads prod (9) by being connected with high-speed electric main shaft with connecting portion that the high-speed electric main shaft handle of a knife is complementary.
7. the high-speed electric main shaft sound device for testing stiffness that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that described radial force sensor (5), axial force transducer (12) all adopt piezoelectric force transducer or strain gauge drawing force and compression force transducer; Adopt strain gauge drawing force and compression force transducer when surveying static force and low frequency dynamic force, adopt piezoelectric force transducer when surveying the high frequency dynamic force.
8. the method based on the high-speed electric main shaft sound rigidity test of the three-phase electromagnetic force loading of the described device of claim 1 is characterized in that, may further comprise the steps:
1) the axially test of dynamic stiffness: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect solid loading prod, connect the power supply that axially loads electromagnet, send control signal to signal output with acquisition module by calculation processing unit, import the stack of direct current skew and a certain frequency sinusoidal signal for axial magnetic iron by power amplifier again, perhaps import the stack of swept-frequency signal and direct current offset; The magnetic field that axially loads the electromagnet generation interacts with the loading prod and forms axial dynamic load power, record force signal and displacement signal by axial force transducer and shaft position sensor, and the output of process signal passes to calculation processing unit with acquisition module, the dynamic stiffness curve that the process data processing is axially loaded;
2) test of axial quiet rigidity: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect solid loading prod, connect the power supply that axially loads electromagnet, send control signal to signal output with acquisition module by calculation processing unit, the size that changes the dc offset that inputs to axial loading electromagnet through power amplifier obtains different big or small axial static force, load prod and produce corresponding displacement, axial force transducer and shaft position sensor record force signal and displacement signal, and the output of process signal passes to calculation processing unit with acquisition module, the quiet stiffness curve that the process calculation process is axially loaded;
3) the radially test of dynamic stiffness: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect solid loading prod, connect the power supply of two radial loaded electromagnet, carry out differential excitation, send control signal to signal output with acquisition module by calculation processing unit, pass to bias current i by power amplifier to one in two radial loaded electromagnet again
0With Control current i
xSum i
0+ i
xExcitatory, another then utilizes the difference i of the two
0-i
xExcitatory, act on then and load making a concerted effort for the sinusoidal force signal of a certain frequency or be the frequency sweep force signal on the prod; Radial force sensor and radial displacement transducer will record force signal and displacement signal, and output passes to calculation processing unit with acquisition module through signal, obtains the dynamic stiffness curve of radial loaded through data processing;
4) the radially test of quiet rigidity: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect solid loading prod, connect the power supply of the radial loaded electromagnet that loads prod one side, the radial loaded electromagnet of opposite side keeps outage, by output of calculation processing unit control signal and acquisition module, pass to the power that different direct current offsets obtains different sizes by power amplifier for the radially electromagnet of switching on, load prod and produce corresponding displacement; Calculation processing unit to the radial displacement transducer of energising side radial loaded electromagnet and radial force sensor measurement to data handle, obtain the quiet stiffness curve of radial loaded.
9. the method for the high-speed electric main shaft sound rigidity test that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 8 is characterized in that, also comprises tangential detection:
5) test of tangential dynamic stiffness, tangential quiet rigidity: on high-speed electric main shaft, connect the loading prod of periphery fluting, and winding lead and external power supply are connected, feed electric signal at the winding lead; Connect the power supply of two radial loaded electromagnet, generate an electromagnetic field, load prod and can be subjected to torsional interaction and produce angular displacement; Tangential force signal and angular displacement signal that torque sensor and angular displacement sensor record, and the output of process signal passes to calculation processing unit with acquisition module; Obtain tangential dynamic stiffness curve and quiet stiffness curve through data processing.
10. the method for the high-speed electric main shaft sound rigidity test that loads based on three-phase electromagnetic force as claimed in claim 8 or 9, it is characterized in that, in when test, start high-speed electric main shaft, the test high-speed electric main shaft is three-dimensional dynamic stiffness and the quiet rigidity under the different rotating speeds in working order; Closing high-speed electricity main shaft, three-dimensional dynamic stiffness and the quiet rigidity of test high-speed electric main shaft under off working state.
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