CN103412049B - A kind of high temperature steam injection defect of pipeline monitoring method - Google Patents
A kind of high temperature steam injection defect of pipeline monitoring method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of high temperature steam injection defect of pipeline monitoring method, be connected with the probe interface of coupling mechanism by embedding probe, exciting circuit is connected with the driving source interface of coupling mechanism, be connected with the signal condition interface of coupling mechanism by the input end of signal conditioning circuit, output terminal is connected with the data acquisition card interface of computer acquisition and disposal system, driving source gives embedding probe input pulse pumping signal by coupling mechanism, inspire supersonic guide-wave in the duct, run into defect and can produce ultrasonic echo, ultrasonic echo passes, by embedding probe, ultrasonic echo is converted into voltage signal, and pass to signal conditioning circuit by coupling mechanism ultrasound echo signal is processed, output to computer acquisition and disposal system to gather the ultrasound echo signal containing defect information, process and display, the embedding probe of the present invention can be embedded in pipe insulating layer in advance, basic on-line checkingi and the long term monitoring that just can realize defect of pipeline without the need to the heat-insulation layer destroying high temperature steam injection pipeline, the accurate targeted duct defect of simple and energy.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to supersonic guide-wave technical field of nondestructive testing, in particular, provide a kind of high temperature steam injection defect of pipeline monitoring method.
Background technology
Along with the development of national economy, the use of pipeline transportation is more and more extensive, and pipeline transportation becomes modern five large forwarding businesss together with railway, highway, aviation, water transport.High temperature steam injection pipeline is widely used in the industries such as oil, chemical industry, metallurgy, rock gas, thermoelectricity, nuclear power and heat supply, for transmitting the media such as oil, gas, steam, pipeline transportation is towards the future development of high pressure, heavy caliber, long distance, and working environment residing for pipeline also becomes increasingly complex, badly.Owing to using under the condition of High Temperature High Pressure, pipeline be easy to Yin Wendu, pressure, fluid the factor such as erosion corrosion produce the defects such as tube wall is thinning, wearing and tearing, crackle, cause thus and reveal and explosion accident, generation personnel and property loss.For ensureing the safe operation of high temperature steam injection pipeline, be necessary to carry out regular on-line checkingi or long term monitoring to in-service high temperature steam injection defect of pipeline, because pipe surface is coated with thicker heat-insulation layer, therefore the methods such as leakage field, eddy current, infrared ray cannot be used to detect, not only sense cycle is long, Detection results is poor, detecting distance is limited to adopt the method for ray to carry out defect inspection, and x radiation x is harmful, good safeguard procedures need be taked.The method in the past detecting high temperature steam injection defect of pipeline is all removed by pipe insulating layer, the pointwise method of ultrasonic bulk wave thickness measuring detects defect, heat-insulation layer is recovered again after detection completes, this traditional technique in measuring efficiency is very low, waste a large amount of manpower and materials, and Detection results is poor, be difficult to reach diagnostic evaluation defect of pipeline all sidedly and get rid of the object of dangerous section.
Nineteen sixties has been born electromagnetic acoustic detection technique, it utilizes electromagnetic induction principle, Lorentz force and magnetostrictive effect, local vibrations is caused in detected body, thus supersonic guide-wave is inspired in detection bodies, supersonic guide-wave is propagated in the duct and is run into defect generation ultrasonic echo, judge the defect of pipeline by detecting ultrasonic echo situation, electromagnetic acoustic detection method has following advantage: do not need couplant, and therefore sonde configuration is simple; Testing process noncontact, is applicable to the detection of high-temperature pipe; Low to the smoothness requirements on pipeline material surface; To human body and environment without harm.Also the equipment using electromagnetic acoustic detection technique to carry out defects detection is had both at home and abroad, application number is the method that the patented claim " power station thick-walled pipeline ultrasonic guided wave detecting method " of 200910227225.X gives with ultrasonic guided wave detecting power station pipeline, but the method is not use embedding probe, can not be suitable for high temperature in-service pipeline; PI Corp. of Britain develops Teletest instrument, this instrument, based on piezoelectric effect principle, when carrying out band clad high-temperature pipe and detecting, must remove part clad to settle piezoelectric sensor, and ensureing that pipe surface is bright and clean smooth, piezoelectric chip is also not easy to regulate guided wave modal; The MsS appliance requires that South West USA research institute (SWRI) develops to be fitted one deck magnetostriction functional material-iron cobalt band at pipe surface, detection probe uses two probes to realize the transmitting and receiving of supersonic guide-wave, the method has certain check frequency, defect location accuracy is poor, and clad destroys more; Application number be 200710053566.0 patented claim " a kind of fast checking method for pipe defect and the cannot-harm-detection device " also use dual probe to realize the transmitting and receiving of supersonic guide-wave respectively, check frequency is larger, clad destroys more, in the direction controlling of supersonic guide-wave, scrambler is used to realize, complex structure, Detection results is poor, driving source adopts Single-chip Controlling mode to realize, and compared with the FPGA control mode adopted with this method, processing speed is slow, reliability is low; In data acquisition and processing (DAP), A/D modular converter and embedded computer system is used to carry out signals collecting, and this method adopts high-speed data acquisition card collocation to realize based on the data acquisition software of Labview, there is versatility good, the simple advantage of structure, the data collecting card of commercialization simultaneously ensure that the high stability of data acquisition.In addition, this method can use industrial-frequency alternating current work also can use battery-operated, avoids the inconvenience that AC power that field work lacks 220 volts is brought.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the shortcoming of above-mentioned prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of high temperature steam injection defect of pipeline monitoring method, embedding probe can be embedded in pipe insulating layer in advance, basic on-line checkingi and the long term monitoring that just can realize defect of pipeline without the need to the heat-insulation layer destroying high temperature steam injection pipeline, the accurate targeted duct defect of simple and energy.
For the attainment of one's purpose, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:
A kind of high temperature steam injection defect of pipeline monitoring method, comprises the following steps:
Step one, is connected embedding probe 101 with the probe interface of coupling mechanism 102, and exciting circuit 103 is connected with the driving source interface of coupling mechanism 102;
Step 2, is connected the input end of signal conditioning circuit 104 with the signal condition interface of coupling mechanism 102, and output terminal is connected with the data acquisition card interface of computer acquisition and disposal system 105;
Step 3, driving source 103 gives embedding probe 101 input pulse pumping signal by coupling mechanism 102;
Step 4, embedding probe 101 utilizes the magnetostrictive effect of pipeline material under the effect of bias magnetic field and alternating magnetic field and Lorentz force, and inspire supersonic guide-wave in the duct, supersonic guide-wave runs into defect in the communication process of pipeline can produce ultrasonic echo;
Step 5, when ultrasonic echo passes to embedding probe 101, embedding probe 101 utilizes pipeline material magnetostriction and Lorentz force back wash effect, and ultrasonic echo is converted into voltage signal, and passes to signal conditioning circuit 104 by coupling mechanism 102;
Step 6, signal conditioning circuit 104 pairs of ultrasound echo signals amplify, filtering and isolation processing, and the signal after process is outputted to computer acquisition and disposal system 105;
Step 7, computer acquisition and disposal system 105 gather the ultrasound echo signal containing defect information, process and show.
Described embedding probe 101, coupling mechanism 102, driving source 103, signal conditioning circuit 104, computer acquisition and disposal system 105 are connected by band screen layer cable.
In the present invention, embedding probe 101 is made up of probe coil and permanent magnet, probe coil adopts flexible printed circuit board to make, the width of wire and the spacing of coil in accurate control coil, work is carried out on the surface that probe coil is fastened on pipe under test, by being furnished with pluggable connecting plug, can be embedded in pipeline for a long time, permanent magnet portion is four permanent magnet blocks, connect with hinge between them, be used for as probe coil provides bias magnetic field, probe coil comprises dispatch coil and direction controlling coil, dispatch coil realizes same the same receipts to supersonic guide-wave by coupling mechanism 102, namely the pumping signal from driving source is received by coupling mechanism 102, produce alternating magnetic field, pipe under test is acted on after alternating magnetic field superposes with bias magnetic field, in pipeline material, supersonic guide-wave is produced based on Lorentz force and magnetostrictive effect, dispatch coil also can respond to the alternating magnetic field that ultrasonic echo produces, produce voltage signal, signal conditioning circuit 104 is exported to by coupling mechanism 102, the superposition principle of direction controlling coil application ripple, the phase differential of the supersonic guide-wave produced by reasonable adjusting and dispatch coil, offsets the supersonic guide-wave of its a direction, and strengthens the supersonic guide-wave of other direction, realizes direction controlling thus.
Coupling mechanism 102 is passed to the pumping signal of embedding probe 101 from exciting circuit for coordinating and is transmitted to the ultrasound echo signal of signal conditioning circuit 104 from embedding probe 101, prevent mutual interference, comprise probe interface, driving source interface and signal condition interface, be made up of disconnector circuit, impedance matching circuit, clamper pressure limiting circuit, disconnector circuit is cut-off signals conditioning interface when embedding probe input signal, turn off driving source interface when exporting ultrasound echo signal, and prevent from introducing interference by driving source; Impedance matching circuit makes probe coil obtain the pumping signal of peak power, makes that ultrasound echo signal is as far as possible complete exports to signal conditioning circuit; Clamper pressure limiting circuit prevents signal conditioning circuit from being punctured by amplitude signal.
Driving source 103 is for launching the highpowerpulse pumping signal of some cycles number and frequency, be made up of control circuit, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, inverter circuit, control circuit realizes the function with compunication, formation control signal, FPGA is used to do main control chip, realized by VHDL hardware program language, the scope of periodicity is 1-8, and frequency range is 20kHz-250kHz, and voltage range is 0-400V; Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is realized by isolating transformer, unidirectional uncontrollable rectifier bridge and filter capacitor; The DC voltage that inverter circuit is used for current rectifying and wave filtering circuit produces becomes pumping signal, is realized by full bridge inversion circuit, and exciting circuit is powered by power frequency supply or battery-powered.
Signal conditioning circuit 104 for ultrasound echo signal being carried out amplify, filtering and isolation processing, improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of echoed signal, so that carry out follow-up Data acquisition and issuance, this part is made up of amplifying circuit, narrow-band filtering circuit and buffer circuit, amplifying circuit instrumentation amplifier AD8421, can realize the change of gain by the resistance being connected in series different resistance; Narrow-band filtering circuit uses special filtering chip LTC1562, by changing cutoff frequency and the filter order of the adjustable filtering circuit of resistance capacitance value of peripheral circuit; The feedback circuit that buffer circuit is made up of linear optical coupling HCNR201 and operational amplifier forms, prevent the interference of signal conditioning circuit Import computer, at signal conditioning circuit input end parallel clamp circuit, in order to consume the higher signal of amplitude and to prevent signal conditioning circuit by high electrical breakdown.
Computer acquisition and disposal system 105 realize the ultrasound echo signal after to process and carry out data acquisition, process and display, by computing machine, data collecting card and forming based on the data acquisition and processing (DAP) software of Labview, adopt PCI-9812 type data collecting card, this data collecting card has four road A/D passages, 12 A/D resolution, the highest sample frequency is 20MS/s, data acquisition and processing (DAP) software simulating is to the control of gatherer process and acquisition parameter, have continuous trigger collection and single triggering collection two kinds of patterns, to sampling rate, the parameter of trigger value and burst types is arranged.
Principal feature of the present invention is:
1) heat-insulation layer without the need to destroying high temperature steam injection pipeline just can realize on-line checkingi and the long term monitoring of defect of pipeline, and high, the required expense of detection efficiency is low.
2) wide accommodation, all has detectability to ferrimagnet pipeline and nonferromugnetic material pipeline, is applicable to the pipeline of complex condition work simultaneously, as buried pipeline, crosses wall coil road, crooked pipeline etc.
3) compared with other method, without the need to couplant, the requirement to pipe under test surface smoothness is reduced.
4) simple, by coupling mechanism, embedding probe realizes hyperacoustic with sending out with receiving with a coil.
5) power frequency supply can be used to power, also can use storage battery power supply, easy to use.
6) utilize supersonic guide-wave to carry out defect inspection, defect location is accurate, and detecting distance is long.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is principle of the invention block diagram.
Fig. 2 is structural representation of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the propagation schematic diagram of ultrasound wave in defective pipeline.
The oscillogram that Fig. 4 records when being and utilizing the present invention to detect defective pipeline.
Embodiment
The present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
A kind of high temperature steam injection defect of pipeline monitoring method, comprises the following steps:
Step one, is connected embedding probe 101 with the probe interface of coupling mechanism 102, and exciting circuit 103 is connected with the driving source interface of coupling mechanism 102;
Step 2, is connected the input end of signal conditioning circuit 104 with the signal condition interface of coupling mechanism 102, and output terminal is connected with the data acquisition card interface of computer acquisition and disposal system 105;
Step 3, driving source 103 gives embedding probe 101 input pulse pumping signal by coupling mechanism 102;
Step 4, embedding probe 101 utilizes the magnetostrictive effect of pipeline material under the effect of bias magnetic field and alternating magnetic field and Lorentz force, and inspire supersonic guide-wave in the duct, supersonic guide-wave runs into defect in the communication process of pipeline can produce ultrasonic echo;
Step 5, when ultrasonic echo passes to embedding probe 101, embedding probe 101 utilizes pipeline material magnetostriction and Lorentz force back wash effect, and ultrasonic echo is converted into voltage signal, and passes to signal conditioning circuit 104 by coupling mechanism 102;
Step 6, signal conditioning circuit 104 pairs of ultrasound echo signals amplify, filtering and isolation processing, and the signal after process is outputted to computer acquisition and disposal system 105;
Step 7, computer acquisition and disposal system 105 gather the ultrasound echo signal containing defect information, process and show.
Equipment of the present invention comprises embedding probe 101, coupling mechanism 102, driving source 103, signal conditioning circuit 104 and computer acquisition and disposal system 105 5 part, theory diagram as shown in Figure 1, Cleaning Principle is: driving source 103 sends powerful pulse excitation signal, this signal exports the probe coil of embedding probe 101 to by coupling mechanism 102, produce alternating magnetic field in the duct, based on Lorentz force and magnetostrictive effect, generation supersonic guide-wave can be excited in the duct after alternating magnetic field superposes with bias magnetic field, supersonic guide-wave is in pipe transmmision process, run into defect of pipeline and can produce ultrasonic echo, when ultrasonic echo is through embedding probe 101, based on Lorentz force and magnetostrictive reaction, alternating magnetic field is produced at pipeline, embedding probe 101 is translated into voltage signal, signal conditioning circuit 104 inputs this voltage signal through coupling mechanism 102, and it is amplified, filtering, isolation processing, finally by the collection realized by computer acquisition and disposal system 105 electric signal after process, process and display, device therefor structural representation of the present invention as shown in Figure 2.
Supersonic guide-wave is subject to the impact on propagation medium border when propagating, can produce the dispersion phenomenon of velocity of propagation with frequency change, there will be the multi-modal phenomenon of the corresponding multiple velocity of wave of each Frequency point simultaneously.For compressional wave, in 0-1MHz frequency range, co-exist in L (0, 1) to L (0, 4) guided wave of four kinds of mode, wherein L (0, 2) mode guided wave velocity of propagation is in the duct the fastest, the defect reflection signal produced is easy to identify, and in 100kHz-600kHz frequency range, phase velocities dispersion curve is comparatively smooth, frequency dispersion degree is little, be applicable to being applied to defect to detect fast, the probe coil of embedding probe 101 adopts single snag circle and many snags circle two schemes, single snag circle has larger dirigibility, the longitudinal mode guided wave of different frequency is produced by regulating winding width, many snags circle can utilize constructive interference principle to strengthen the shockproofness of required mode guided wave, coil all adopts flexible printed circuit board to make.The deformation caused due to magnetostrictive effect and the direction in magnetic field have nothing to do, for the alternating magnetic field of zero passage, the supersonic guide-wave frequency inspired, by the twice for alternating magnetic field frequency, therefore needs embedding probe 101 to provide quiescent biasing magnetic field, to obtain the supersonic guide-wave with alternating magnetic field same frequency.If embedding probe 101 receives the ultrasonic echo of left and right both direction reflection, the difficulty that defect of pipeline judges and locates certainly will be increased, therefore need to control the supersonic guide-wave travel direction of excitation, by setting direction regulating winding near dispatch coil, utilize principle of interference reasonable adjusting two coil-span of ripple, offset the supersonic guide-wave in a direction, strengthen the guided wave intensity of other direction simultaneously.There is provided required bias magnetic field by four pieces of permanent magnets, make between permanent magnet to be hinged, and with axisymmetric arranged in form in pipe surface.
Usually, the transmitting and receiving of supersonic guide-wave are divided into two independently parts by ultrasonic nondestructive testing device, and the reflection of supersonic guide-wave and reception are concentrated on an embedding probe 101 by using coupling mechanism 102 by the present invention, and device structure is simplified.The pumping signal that embedding probe 101 receives is high-frequency, high voltage, high-power signal, and the ultrasound echo signal induced is then the faint signal of amplitude and energy.Therefore coupling mechanism 102 needs the high electrical breakdown ensureing the not energized source of signal conditioning circuit 104 input end, and isolate the interference introduced by driving source 103, also complete as far as possible for ultrasound echo signal will be exported to signal conditioning circuit 104, therefore coupling mechanism 102 is made up of disconnector circuit, impedance matching circuit and clamper pressure limiting circuit.Disconnector circuit is used for when driving source input signal, cut-off signal conditioning interface, driving source interface is disconnected when signal conditioning circuit receives ultrasound echo signal, disconnector circuit uses power MOSFET as switching device, switch control rule is realized by using the inner control signal produced of a route driving source with the connecting line of driving source, because the control signal of this control signal and inverter circuit produces simultaneously, therefore avoid the pumping signal distortion because devices switch delay produces.Form impedance matching circuit by resistance capacitance, make probe coil produce the alternating magnetic field of maximum intensity, make the entering signal modulate circuit 104 that ultrasound echo signal is as far as possible complete.At signal condition interface two backward diodeds in parallel, composition clamper pressure limiting circuit, realizes preventing high-tension pumping signal breakdown signal modulate circuit 104.
Because the energy conversion efficiency of embedding probe 101 is low, so need the pulse excitation signal of high-power, amplitude to produce the supersonic guide-wave of sufficient intensity, for the pipeline of different materials and thickness, need the pumping signal selecting different frequency and periodicity, to improve the sensitivity of defect inspection.Driving source 103 forms primarily of control circuit, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit and inverter circuit, control circuit support sets the parameter such as frequency, periodicity of pumping signal by serial communication and manual adjustments two kinds of modes, communication between control circuit and computing machine realizes based on RS-232C serial communication protocol, FPGA is used to do main control chip, control program adopts VHDL hardware program language to write, and can form exciting signal frequency and the multi-way control signals such as periodicity and coupling mechanism switch control rule; Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit front end arranges the isolating transformer of 1:1, realizes the electrical isolation between AC distribution net and driving source, uses the rectification of single-phase uncontrollable rectifier bridge parallel electrolytic capacitors; Inverter circuit uses full bridge inversion circuit, employing power MOSFET is formed, power MOSFET has the advantage that work efficiency is high, switching frequency is high, and this circuit has the advantages that direct supply utilization factor is high, output power is large and switching loss is little, and is convenient to realize various ways control.
Because the energy conversion rate of usual probe coil is lower, therefore the general amplitude of the ultrasound echo signal outputting to signal conditioning circuit 104 is less, and wherein also can be mingled with the interference coming from embedding probe 101, coupling mechanism 102, computing machine, cause ultrasound echo signal signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) lower, need to amplify it, filtering and isolation processing, improve signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) and the amplitude of ultrasound echo signal.Signal conditioning circuit 104 is specifically divided into amplifying circuit, narrow-band filtering circuit and buffer circuit three part, amplifying circuit instrumentation amplifier AD8421 realizes, just change in gain can be realized by the resistance accessing different resistance, very convenient, AD8421 belongs to low noise, the instrument amplifier of low distortion, during 1kHz frequency input signal, maximum input voltage noise is 3.2nV/ √ Hz, unity gain bandwidth is 10MHz, slew rate is 35V/ μ s, low noise integrating filtering chip LTC1562 is used to build narrow-band filtering circuit, passband is 100kHz-250kHz, chip internal is integrated with four independently second-order filter modules, can by changing the connected mode of peripheral resistance capacitance, set up the filtering circuit on the highest eight rank flexibly, buffer circuit can prevent the interference introduced by computing machine, is made up of the feedback circuit based on optocoupler HCNR201 and operational amplifier, and this circuit can make below frequency 1MHz, and the signal that amplitude is not more than 3V realizes one-way transmission.
Computer acquisition and disposal system 105 comprise computing machine, PCI-9812 type data collecting card and the data acquisition and processing (DAP) software based on Labview, data collecting card has four tunnels independently A/D passage, the A/D resolution of 12 and the sampling rate of the highest 20MS/s, namely support that ultrasonic guided wave signals itself is as trigger pip, support again using external digital signal as trigger pip, there is very strong dirigibility, burst types can be set by data acquisition and processing (DAP) software, trigger value, sampling rate, collection such as to be counted at the acquisition parameter, can also process the data collected and analyze, as bandpass filtering, multiple averaging, ask for the process such as envelope.
Choose a band heat-insulation layer steel pipe in experiment, dimensional parameters is length 5m, external diameter 100mm, wall thickness 10mm.Steel pipe arranges place artificial defect, and this defect is 20mm along the length of pipeline circumference, width 3mm, and depth capacity is 2mm, is positioned at apart from pipeline left margin 3m place.Embedding probe 101 is positioned over distance pipeline left margin 0.4m place.Test experience step is as follows:
A. the preparation before testing, first the fraction heat-insulation layer of steel pipe to be measured is removed, to reserve the position of installing embedding probe 101, probe coil is fastened on steel tube surface, probe coil center is apart from pipeline left margin 0.4m, permanent magnet is installed outward at coil, subsequently by exact connect ion equipment mentioned above, namely embedding probe 101 output terminal is connected with coupling mechanism 102 probe interface, driving source 103 output terminal encourages interface to be connected with coupling mechanism 102, coupling mechanism 102 signal condition interface is connected with signal conditioning circuit 104 input end, signal conditioning circuit 104 output terminal is connected with data collecting card input end, last start-up simulation machine also opens data acquisition and analysis software.
B., pumping signal and data acquisition and processing (DAP) software are set.Set supersonic guide-wave sending direction as to the right; According to applicable cases, the frequency of the pumping signal that driving source sends, periodicity and driving voltage amplitude are set, the parameter such as drainage pattern, sampling rate, trigger value, sampling number of setting data acquisition and processing software, click and start to gather.
C. start to launch pumping signal, use L (0,2) mode guided wave to carry out electromagnetic ultrasonic guide wave defect inspection, check that ultrasound echo signal is arrived in analytic record.
Defects detection and defective locations location are carried out to defective pipeline, the amplitude arranging pumping signal is 350V, frequency is 100kHz, periodicity is 4, and the drainage pattern of setting data acquisition and processing software is continuous trigger collection, and sampling rate is 4MHz, trigger value is 1V, and sampling number is 5000.After applying pumping signal to embedding probe, the mode guided wave inspired is propagated to the right, runs into defect or pipeline border can produce reflection wave.Embedding probe can receive flaw echo signal (1), right margin reflection wave signal (2) and left margin reflection wave signal (3), supersonic guide-wave propagates signal as shown in Figure 3 in defective pipeline, and the ultrasound echo signal be recorded to as shown in Figure 4.According to the architectural feature of pipeline, analyze the source that the echoed signal received has drawn each signal, signal (1) is defect reflection signal, can be obtained by Fig. 4, the travel-time of this signal is about 1000 μ s, and be 5337m/s according to L (0,2) mode guided wave the mean propagation velocity in the duct, obtain the distance L of defect apart from embedding probe.
L=5337×1000×10
-6÷2=2.67m
Artificial defect be 2.6m with the actual range of embedding probe 101, adopt L (0,2) mode Guided waves to be 2.67m to the distance of this defect and embedding probe, error is 2.7%, visible the present invention effectively can detect the defect that pipeline exists, and has higher defect location precision.
In the present invention, probe coil and the permanent magnet of embedding probe 101 are separable, probe coil output terminal is furnished with pluggable attachment plug, in use, can the probe coil of embedding probe 101 be wrapped in the heat-insulation layer of high temperature steam injection pipeline, heat-insulation layer installs permanent magnet outward, carries out defect of pipeline long term monitoring.
Claims (5)
1. a high temperature steam injection defect of pipeline monitoring method, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step one, be connected by the probe interface of embedding probe (101) with coupling mechanism (102), driving source (103) is connected with the driving source interface of coupling mechanism (102);
Step 2, is connected the signal condition interface of the input end of signal conditioning circuit (104) with coupling mechanism (102), and output terminal is connected with the data acquisition card interface of computer acquisition and disposal system (105);
Step 3, driving source (103) by coupling mechanism (102) to embedding probe (101) input pulse pumping signal;
Step 4, embedding probe (101) utilizes the magnetostrictive effect of pipeline material under the effect of bias magnetic field and alternating magnetic field and Lorentz force, inspire supersonic guide-wave in the duct, supersonic guide-wave runs into defect in the communication process of pipeline can produce ultrasonic echo;
Step 5, when ultrasonic echo passes to embedding probe (101), embedding probe (101) utilizes pipeline material magnetostriction and Lorentz force back wash effect, ultrasonic echo is converted into voltage signal, and passes to signal conditioning circuit (104) by coupling mechanism (102);
Step 6, signal conditioning circuit (104) amplifies ultrasound echo signal, filtering and isolation processing, and the signal after process is outputted to computer acquisition and disposal system (105);
Step 7, computer acquisition and disposal system (105) gather the ultrasound echo signal containing defect information, process and show,
Described embedding probe (101), coupling mechanism (102), driving source (103), signal conditioning circuit (104), computer acquisition and disposal system (105) are connected by band screen layer cable;
Described embedding probe (101) is made up of probe coil and permanent magnet, probe coil adopts flexible printed circuit board to make, the width of wire and the spacing of coil in accurate control coil, work is carried out on the surface that probe coil is fastened on pipe under test, by being furnished with pluggable connecting plug, can be embedded in pipeline for a long time; Permanent magnet portion is four permanent magnet blocks, connects between them with hinge, is used for as probe coil provides bias magnetic field; Probe coil comprises dispatch coil and direction controlling coil, dispatch coil realizes same the same receipts to supersonic guide-wave by coupling mechanism (102), namely the pumping signal from driving source is received by coupling mechanism (102), produce alternating magnetic field, pipe under test is acted on after alternating magnetic field superposes with bias magnetic field, in pipeline material, supersonic guide-wave is produced based on Lorentz force and magnetostrictive effect, dispatch coil also can respond to the alternating magnetic field that ultrasonic echo produces, produce voltage signal, export to signal conditioning circuit (104) by coupling mechanism (102); The superposition principle of direction controlling coil application ripple, the phase differential of the supersonic guide-wave produced by reasonable adjusting and dispatch coil, offsets the supersonic guide-wave of its a direction, and strengthens the supersonic guide-wave of other direction, realizes direction controlling thus.
2. a kind of high temperature steam injection defect of pipeline monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: coupling mechanism (102) is passed to the pumping signal of embedding probe (101) from exciting circuit for coordinating and is transmitted to the ultrasound echo signal of signal conditioning circuit (104) from embedding probe (101), prevent mutual interference, comprise probe interface, driving source interface and signal condition interface, by disconnector circuit, impedance matching circuit, clamper pressure limiting circuit forms, disconnector circuit is cut-off signals conditioning interface when embedding probe input signal, driving source interface is turned off when exporting ultrasound echo signal, and prevent from introducing interference by driving source, impedance matching circuit makes probe coil obtain the pumping signal of peak power, makes that ultrasound echo signal is as far as possible complete exports to signal conditioning circuit, clamper pressure limiting circuit prevents signal conditioning circuit from being punctured by amplitude signal.
3. a kind of high temperature steam injection defect of pipeline monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: driving source (103) is for launching the highpowerpulse pumping signal of some cycles number and frequency, be made up of control circuit, current rectifying and wave filtering circuit, inverter circuit, control circuit needs to realize the function with compunication, formation control signal, FPGA is used to do main control chip, realized by VHDL hardware program language, the scope of periodicity is 1-8, frequency range is 20kHz-250kHz, and voltage range is 0-400V; Current rectifying and wave filtering circuit is realized by isolating transformer, unidirectional uncontrollable rectifier bridge and filter capacitor; The DC voltage that inverter circuit is used for current rectifying and wave filtering circuit produces becomes pumping signal, is realized by full bridge inversion circuit, and exciting circuit is powered by power frequency supply or battery-powered.
4. a kind of high temperature steam injection defect of pipeline monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: signal conditioning circuit (104) for ultrasound echo signal being carried out amplify, filtering and isolation processing, improve the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of echoed signal, so that carry out follow-up Data acquisition and issuance, this part is made up of amplifying circuit, narrow-band filtering circuit and buffer circuit, amplifying circuit instrumentation amplifier AD8421, can realize the change of gain by the resistance being connected in series different resistance; Narrow-band filtering circuit uses special filtering chip LTC1562, by changing cutoff frequency and the filter order of the adjustable filtering circuit of resistance capacitance value of peripheral circuit; The feedback circuit that buffer circuit is made up of linear optical coupling HCNR201 and operational amplifier forms, prevent the interference of signal conditioning circuit Import computer, at signal conditioning circuit input end parallel clamp circuit, in order to consume the too high signal of amplitude and to prevent signal conditioning circuit by high electrical breakdown.
5. a kind of high temperature steam injection defect of pipeline monitoring method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: computer acquisition and disposal system (105) realize the ultrasound echo signal after to process and carry out data acquisition, process and display, by computing machine, data collecting card and forming based on the data acquisition and processing (DAP) software of Labview, adopt PCI-9812 type data collecting card, this data collecting card has four road A/D passages, 12 A/D resolution, the highest sample frequency is 20MS/s, data acquisition and processing (DAP) software simulating is to the control of gatherer process and acquisition parameter, have continuous trigger collection and single triggering collection two kinds of patterns, to sampling rate, the parameter of trigger value and burst types is arranged.
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| CN109073605B (en) * | 2016-02-03 | 2021-03-05 | 奎斯特综合股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for inspecting a pipe |
| CN106324092A (en) | 2016-08-08 | 2017-01-11 | 清华大学 | Device for on-line monitoring of the defects of fan's main shaft using electromagnetic ultrasonic guided-wave and the operation method thereof |
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