CN109019814B - Sewage treatment agent prepared from edible fungus residues and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Sewage treatment agent prepared from edible fungus residues and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN109019814B CN109019814B CN201811042678.0A CN201811042678A CN109019814B CN 109019814 B CN109019814 B CN 109019814B CN 201811042678 A CN201811042678 A CN 201811042678A CN 109019814 B CN109019814 B CN 109019814B
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- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 49
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 48
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 11
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 39
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 33
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium persulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S(=O)(=O)OOS([O-])(=O)=O ROOXNKNUYICQNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229920002472 Starch Polymers 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 235000019698 starch Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 239000008107 starch Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 28
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 claims abstract description 22
- 230000001954 sterilising effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron(2+) sulfate (anhydrous) Chemical compound [Fe+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O BAUYGSIQEAFULO-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 229910001870 ammonium persulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propionic acid Chemical compound CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 239000004403 ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 235000010228 ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 229940043351 ethyl-p-hydroxybenzoate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- NUVBSKCKDOMJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethylparaben Chemical compound CCOC(=O)C1=CC=C(O)C=C1 NUVBSKCKDOMJSU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 14
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 15
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(3+);trinitrate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O.[O-][N+]([O-])=O VCJMYUPGQJHHFU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007873 sieving Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N lactic acid Chemical compound CC(O)C(O)=O JVTAAEKCZFNVCJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 108010059892 Cellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910021578 Iron(III) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010059820 Polygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940106157 cellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010093305 exopolygalacturonase Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- 229960002089 ferrous chloride Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011790 ferrous sulphate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 235000003891 ferrous sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims description 5
- 229940059442 hemicellulase Drugs 0.000 claims description 5
- 108010002430 hemicellulase Proteins 0.000 claims description 5
- NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L iron dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe]Cl NMCUIPGRVMDVDB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 5
- RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K iron trichloride Chemical compound Cl[Fe](Cl)Cl RBTARNINKXHZNM-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H iron(3+) sulfate Chemical compound [Fe+3].[Fe+3].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O.[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O RUTXIHLAWFEWGM-UHFFFAOYSA-H 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000359 iron(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910000360 iron(III) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000001291 vacuum drying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 240000004808 Saccharomyces cerevisiae Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000004310 lactic acid Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 235000014655 lactic acid Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000004065 wastewater treatment Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000001007 puffing effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 235000001674 Agaricus brunnescens Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 3
- VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe3+ Chemical compound [Fe+3] VTLYFUHAOXGGBS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000186660 Lactobacillus Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000001580 bacterial effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000009264 composting Methods 0.000 description 2
- JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron(III) oxide Inorganic materials O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O JEIPFZHSYJVQDO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229940039696 lactobacillus Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 2
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 2
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000235342 Saccharomycetes Species 0.000 description 1
- 206010042674 Swelling Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 241000607479 Yersinia pestis Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010668 complexation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003912 environmental pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N ferrosoferric oxide Chemical compound O=[Fe]O[Fe]O[Fe]=O SZVJSHCCFOBDDC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 1
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000002505 iron Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron oxide Inorganic materials [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052745 lead Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoferriooxy)iron hydrate Chemical compound O.O=[Fe]O[Fe]=O NDLPOXTZKUMGOV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012466 permeate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008961 swelling Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
- C02F1/56—Macromolecular compounds
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/5236—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using inorganic agents
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/52—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities
- C02F1/54—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by flocculation or precipitation of suspended impurities using organic material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2101/00—Nature of the contaminant
- C02F2101/10—Inorganic compounds
- C02F2101/20—Heavy metals or heavy metal compounds
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Hydrology & Water Resources (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Water Supply & Treatment (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Treatment Of Sludge (AREA)
- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
- Enzymes And Modification Thereof (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a sewage treatment agent prepared by utilizing edible fungus residues and a preparation method thereof, and the sewage treatment agent comprises the following raw material components: the method comprises the following steps of (1) edible fungus dregs, complex enzyme, zymophyte, water-soluble starch, ammonium persulfate, ethyl carboxylate, ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, ferric salt and ferrous salt, and specifically comprises the following steps: 1) sterilizing the edible fungus dregs and then carrying out enzymolysis; 2) fermenting the enzymolysis material; 3) carrying out puffing treatment on the fermentation material; 4) adding water into water-soluble starch for gelatinization, adding ammonium persulfate and puffed bacteria residues, heating for reaction, adjusting pH, adding ethyl carboxylate and ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, heating, and continuing to react; 5) transferring the product into a reaction kettle, introducing nitrogen, and dropwise adding a mixed solution consisting of trivalent ferric salt and divalent ferric salt for reaction; 6) cooling to room temperature, washing, drying and crushing. The sewage treatment agent prepared by the invention is environment-friendly and efficient, and has a good effect of removing heavy metals in sewage.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of fungus residue recycling, and particularly relates to a sewage treatment agent prepared from edible fungus residues and a preparation method thereof.
Background
China is a large edible fungus producing country, and in recent years, with the development of edible fungus production, the edible fungus residue yield of China is huge. For a large amount of edible fungus waste materials, if the waste materials are not properly treated, the environment is polluted, resources are wasted, and the smooth development of the edible fungus industry is hindered. Therefore, how to utilize the edible fungi residues in an environment-friendly and effective manner becomes an increasingly serious problem.
At present, the method for treating the fungus residues comprises the steps of discarding, burning and processing into feed or fertilizer, wherein the burning can only rapidly obtain about 10 percent of energy, which is unreasonable benefit for the biomass; the mushroom dregs contain rich protein and other nutrient components, are wasted on resources when being discarded at will, and are easy to breed mould and pests to cause environmental pollution; the use of the mushroom dregs as feed is safe, but the effect of the mushroom dregs is not completely accepted and accepted by consumers, so the market has certain limitation; the fungus dregs need longer time for composting, and the content of nutrient elements is not uniform after the composting is finished. Therefore, further research on the fungus residues is needed, and new ideas and new fields are continuously developed for the development of the edible fungus industry.
The sewage contains a large amount of heavy metals, and the pollution to the environment is increasingly serious, so that the sewage becomes one of global problems facing people nowadays. Therefore, the problem to be solved is to find a sewage treatment agent which is cheap, efficient and good in heavy metal removal effect.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the existing problems and provides a sewage treatment agent prepared from edible fungus residues and a preparation method thereof.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a sewage treatment agent prepared from edible fungus residues comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of edible fungus residues, 2-3 parts of complex enzyme, 1-2 parts of zymophyte, 10-15 parts of water-soluble starch, 2-3 parts of ammonium persulfate, 3-4 parts of ethyl carboxylate, 4-5 parts of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 3-4 parts of trivalent ferric salt and 2-3 parts of divalent ferric salt.
Preferably, the preparation method of the sewage treatment agent prepared by using the edible fungus residues comprises the following specific steps:
1) sterilizing the edible fungus residues, pouring into a container, adding water until the water content is 45-50%, adding a complex enzyme, heating to 50-55 ℃, performing enzymolysis for 2-3h, heating to 120-150 ℃, performing heat preservation for 4-6min, and filtering to obtain an enzymolysis material;
2) pouring the enzymolysis material into a fermentation tank, adding water until the water content is 55-60%, inoculating zymocyte, fermenting at constant temperature of 38-42 deg.C for 5-6h, and filtering to obtain fermented material;
3) drying the fermented material, pulverizing, sieving with 50 mesh sieve, transferring into vacuum container, pressurizing to 2-3MPa, introducing liquid carbon dioxide with container volume of 1/3-1/2, maintaining pressure for 5-8min, rapidly vacuumizing to 0.05-0.07MPa, heating to 50-60 deg.C, maintaining temperature and pressure for 2-3h to obtain puffed bacteria residue;
4) adding water-soluble starch into a container, adding water, stirring until the starch is gelatinized, adding ammonium persulfate and expanded bacteria residues, heating to 50-60 ℃, reacting for 15-20min, adding 0.3-0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH to 8-9, adding ethyl carboxylate and ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, uniformly mixing, heating to 70-80 ℃, and reacting at constant temperature for 2-3 h;
5) after the reaction is finished, transferring the product in the step 4) to a reaction kettle, continuously introducing nitrogen for 50-60min, discharging internal air, then dropwise adding a mixed solution consisting of ferric salt and ferrous salt, heating the reaction kettle to 200 ℃ and 260 ℃, and carrying out constant-temperature reaction for 5-6 h;
6) and after the reaction is finished, naturally cooling to room temperature, washing, drying, crushing, and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the sewage treatment agent.
Preferably, the preparation method of the sewage treatment agent prepared by using the edible fungus residues comprises the step 1), wherein the sterilization is high-temperature sterilization at the temperature of 140-160 ℃ for 2-3 h.
Preferably, the method for preparing the sewage treatment agent by using the edible fungus residues comprises the step 1), wherein the complex enzyme is prepared from cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase and protease according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1.5: 2.
Preferably, the sewage treatment agent is prepared by using edible fungus residues, wherein in the step 2), the fermentation bacteria are composed of saccharomycetes and lactic acid bacteria according to the weight ratio of 1:1, and the number of live bacteria in the fermentation bacteria is more than or equal to 3 multiplied by 109CFU/ml。
Preferably, the preparation method of the sewage treatment agent by using the edible fungus residues comprises the step 3), wherein the fermentation material is dried at the drying temperature of 70-80 ℃ until the fermentation material is dried to constant weight.
Preferably, the preparation method of the sewage treatment agent prepared by using the edible fungus residues comprises the following steps of 5), wherein in the step of 5), the ferric salt is selected from one or more of ferric sulfate, ferric nitrate and ferric chloride; the ferrous salt is selected from one or more of ferrous sulfate, ferrous nitrate and ferrous chloride.
Preferably, the method for preparing the sewage treatment agent by using the edible fungus residues comprises the following steps of 6), washing to be neutral by using distilled water; the drying is vacuum drying, the pressure is 0.04-0.06MPa, the drying temperature is 45-50 ℃, and the drying is carried out until the weight is constant.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following advantages:
1. the sewage treatment agent prepared by the invention can form a complex with heavy metals in sewage, and simultaneously starch, ferric iron and ferrous iron react at high temperature under an alkaline environment to form ferric oxide nuclei and are wrapped by the starch, so that the complex has good aggregation property, the formed complex is precipitated due to aggregation to form large particles, and the aim of removing the heavy metals is fulfilled; secondly, the mushroom dregs are dried, crushed and then moved into a vacuum container, liquid carbon dioxide is introduced, the liquid carbon dioxide can be promoted to permeate into the mushroom dregs through pressurization and pressure relief treatment, and then the liquid carbon dioxide can be gasified and escaped after heating up, so that a porous structure is formed inside the mushroom dregs; thirdly, adding water into the water-soluble starch for gelatinization, then adding ammonium persulfate and expanded bacterial slag, wherein the ammonium persulfate can react with protein in the starch to improve the adhesion property, the expanded bacterial slag can adsorb the starch on the surface to increase the specific surface area of the starch, then adding ethyl carboxylate and ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate for reaction, and introducing hydroxyl, carboxyl and other groups on the molecular chain of the starch under the action of initiator ammonium persulfate to improve the complexation of the starch and heavy metals; and finally, the added ferric iron and ferrous iron are bonded among molecular chains of the starch, and react at high temperature in an alkaline environment to form ferroferric oxide which is wrapped by the starch, so that the starch has magnetism and aggregation.
2. The sewage treating agent prepared by the invention has the advantages of simple preparation process, low cost, high-efficiency removal effect on heavy metals in sewage, no pollution to the environment, environmental protection and high efficiency.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be further described with reference to specific embodiments.
Example 1
A sewage treatment agent prepared from edible fungus residues comprises the following components in parts by weight: 30 parts of edible fungus residues, 2 parts of complex enzyme, 1 part of zymocyte, 10 parts of water-soluble starch, 2 parts of ammonium persulfate, 3 parts of ethyl carboxylate, 4 parts of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 3 parts of trivalent ferric salt and 2 parts of divalent ferric salt.
A method for preparing a sewage treatment agent by using edible fungus residues comprises the following specific steps:
1) sterilizing edible fungus residues, pouring into a container, adding water until the water content is 45%, adding a complex enzyme, heating to 50 ℃, performing enzymolysis for 3h, heating to 120 ℃, performing heat preservation for 6min, and filtering to obtain an enzymolysis material;
2) pouring the enzymolysis material into a fermentation tank, adding water until the water content is 55%, inoculating zymocyte, fermenting at constant temperature of 38 ℃ for 6h, and filtering to obtain a fermentation material;
3) drying the fermented material, pulverizing, sieving with 50 mesh sieve, transferring into vacuum container, pressurizing to 2MPa, introducing 1/3 liquid carbon dioxide, maintaining pressure for 8min, rapidly vacuumizing to 0.05MPa, heating to 50 deg.C, maintaining temperature and pressure for 3 hr to obtain puffed bacteria residue;
4) adding water-soluble starch into a container, adding water, stirring until the starch is gelatinized, adding ammonium persulfate and puffed bacteria residues, heating to 50 ℃, reacting for 20min, adding 0.3mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH to 8, adding ethyl carboxylate and ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, uniformly mixing, heating to 70 ℃, and reacting at constant temperature for 3 h;
5) after the reaction is finished, transferring the product obtained in the step 4) to a reaction kettle, continuously introducing nitrogen for 50min, discharging internal air, then dropwise adding a mixed solution consisting of ferric salt and ferrous salt, heating the reaction kettle to 200 ℃, and reacting at constant temperature for 6 h;
6) and after the reaction is finished, naturally cooling to room temperature, washing, drying, crushing, and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the sewage treatment agent.
Preferably, in the step 1), the sterilization is high-temperature sterilization, the temperature is 140 ℃, and the sterilization time is 3 hours.
Preferably, in the step 1), the complex enzyme is composed of cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase and protease according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1.5: 2.
Preferably, in step 2), the fermentation tubes areIs prepared from yeast and lactobacillus in a weight ratio of 1:1, and the number of viable bacteria in the zymocyte is more than or equal to 3 multiplied by 109CFU/ml。
Preferably, in the step 3), the fermented material is dried at 70 ℃ until the weight is constant.
Preferably, in the step 5), the ferric salt is selected from one or more of ferric sulfate, ferric nitrate and ferric chloride; the ferrous salt is selected from one or more of ferrous sulfate, ferrous nitrate and ferrous chloride.
Preferably, in step 6), the washing is washing to neutrality by using distilled water; the drying is vacuum drying, the pressure is 0.04MPa, the drying temperature is 50 ℃, and the drying is carried out until the weight is constant.
Example 2
A sewage treatment agent prepared from edible fungus residues comprises the following components in parts by weight: 40 parts of edible fungus residues, 2 parts of complex enzyme, 1 part of zymophyte, 12 parts of water-soluble starch, 2 parts of ammonium persulfate, 3 parts of ethyl carboxylate, 4 parts of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 3 parts of trivalent ferric salt and 2 parts of divalent ferric salt.
A method for preparing a sewage treatment agent by using edible fungus residues comprises the following specific steps:
1) sterilizing edible fungus residues, pouring into a container, adding water until the water content is 47%, adding complex enzyme, heating to 52 deg.C, performing enzymolysis for 2.5h, heating to 130 deg.C, performing heat preservation for 5min, and filtering to obtain enzymolysis material;
2) pouring the enzymolysis material into a fermentation tank, adding water until the water content is 57%, inoculating zymocyte, fermenting at constant temperature of 40 deg.C for 5.5h, and filtering to obtain fermentation material;
3) drying the fermented material, crushing, sieving with a 50-mesh sieve, transferring to a vacuum container, pressurizing to 2.5MPa, introducing 1/3 liquid carbon dioxide, performing pressure maintaining treatment for 7min, rapidly vacuumizing to 0.06MPa, heating to 55 ℃, and performing heat preservation and pressure maintaining treatment for 2.5h to obtain puffed mushroom residue;
4) adding water-soluble starch into a container, adding water, stirring until the starch is gelatinized, adding ammonium persulfate and expanded bacteria residues, heating to 55 ℃, reacting for 17min, adding 0.4mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH to 8.5, adding ethyl carboxylate and ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, uniformly mixing, heating to 75 ℃, and reacting at constant temperature for 2.5 h;
5) after the reaction is finished, transferring the product obtained in the step 4) to a reaction kettle, continuously introducing nitrogen for 55min, discharging internal air, then dropwise adding a mixed solution consisting of trivalent ferric salt and divalent ferric salt, heating the reaction kettle to 240 ℃, and reacting at constant temperature for 5.5 h;
6) and after the reaction is finished, naturally cooling to room temperature, washing, drying, crushing, and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the sewage treatment agent.
Preferably, in the step 1), the sterilization is high-temperature sterilization, the temperature is 150 ℃, and the sterilization time is 2.5 h.
Preferably, in the step 1), the complex enzyme is composed of cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase and protease according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1.5: 2.
Preferably, in step 2), the fermentation tubes are composed of yeast and lactic acid bacteria according to a weight ratio of 1:1, and the number of viable bacteria in the fermentation tubes is more than or equal to 3 × 109CFU/ml。
Preferably, in the step 3), the fermented material is dried at 75 ℃ until the weight is constant.
Preferably, in the step 5), the ferric salt is selected from one or more of ferric sulfate, ferric nitrate and ferric chloride; the ferrous salt is selected from one or more of ferrous sulfate, ferrous nitrate and ferrous chloride.
Preferably, in step 6), the washing is washing to neutrality by using distilled water; the drying is vacuum drying, the pressure is 0.05MPa, the drying temperature is 47 ℃, and the drying is carried out until the weight is constant.
Example 3
A sewage treatment agent prepared from edible fungus residues comprises the following components in parts by weight: 50 parts of edible fungus residues, 3 parts of complex enzyme, 2 parts of zymophyte, 15 parts of water-soluble starch, 3 parts of ammonium persulfate, 4 parts of ethyl carboxylate, 5 parts of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 4 parts of ferric salt and 3 parts of ferrous salt.
A method for preparing a sewage treatment agent by using edible fungus residues comprises the following specific steps:
1) sterilizing edible fungus residues, pouring into a container, adding water until the water content is 50%, adding a complex enzyme, heating to 55 ℃, performing enzymolysis for 2h, heating to 150 ℃, performing heat preservation for 4min, and filtering to obtain an enzymolysis material;
2) pouring the enzymolysis material into a fermentation tank, adding water until the water content is 60%, inoculating zymocyte, fermenting at constant temperature of 42 ℃ for 5h, and filtering to obtain a fermentation material;
3) drying the fermented material, pulverizing, sieving with 50 mesh sieve, transferring into vacuum container, pressurizing to 3MPa, introducing 1/2 liquid carbon dioxide, maintaining pressure for 5min, rapidly vacuumizing to 0.07MPa, heating to 60 deg.C, maintaining temperature and pressure for 2 hr to obtain puffed bacteria residue;
4) adding water-soluble starch into a container, adding water, stirring until the starch is gelatinized, adding ammonium persulfate and puffed bacteria residues, heating to 60 ℃, reacting for 15min, adding 0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH to 9, adding ethyl carboxylate and ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, uniformly mixing, heating to 80 ℃, and reacting at constant temperature for 2 h;
5) after the reaction is finished, transferring the product obtained in the step 4) to a reaction kettle, continuously introducing nitrogen for 60min, discharging internal air, then dropwise adding a mixed solution consisting of ferric salt and ferrous salt, heating the reaction kettle to 260 ℃, and reacting at constant temperature for 5 h;
6) and after the reaction is finished, naturally cooling to room temperature, washing, drying, crushing, and sieving by a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the sewage treatment agent.
Preferably, in the step 1), the sterilization is high-temperature sterilization, the temperature is 160 ℃, and the sterilization time is 2 hours.
Preferably, in the step 1), the complex enzyme is composed of cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase and protease according to the weight ratio of 1:1:1.5: 2.
Preferably, in step 2), the hair is treatedThe fermentation bacteria comprise yeast and lactobacillus at a weight ratio of 1:1, and the number of viable bacteria in the fermentation bacteria is not less than 3 × 109CFU/ml。
Preferably, in the step 3), the fermented material is dried at 80 ℃ until the weight is constant.
Preferably, in the step 5), the ferric salt is selected from one or more of ferric sulfate, ferric nitrate and ferric chloride; the ferrous salt is selected from one or more of ferrous sulfate, ferrous nitrate and ferrous chloride.
Preferably, in step 6), the washing is washing to neutrality by using distilled water; the drying is vacuum drying, the pressure is 0.06MPa, the drying temperature is 45 ℃, and the drying is carried out until the weight is constant.
Comparative example 1: the fermentation treatment in step 2) was eliminated, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 2: the swelling treatment in step 3) was eliminated, and the rest was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 3: the ethyl carboxylate in step 4) was removed, and the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 4: the ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate in step 4) was removed, and the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 5: the removal of the trivalent iron salt in step 5) was carried out in the same manner as in example 1.
Comparative example 6: the ferrous salt in step 5) was removed and the procedure was the same as in example 1.
Comparative example 7: commercially available general sewage treatment agents.
Experimental example: selecting industrial sewage of a Liaoning Dalian chemical plant, treating the sewage by using the sewage treatment agents provided by the example 1 and the comparative examples 1-7 respectively, and detecting the change condition of the heavy metal content before and after treatment, wherein the result is shown in a table I:
watch 1
As can be seen from table one, the removal rate of the sewage treatment agent in example 1 to the common heavy metals such as Cd, Ni, Hg, Pb, Zn, etc. in the sewage is above 95%, and thus, the sewage treatment agent prepared by the present invention has good removal effect and high efficiency to the heavy metals in the sewage.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any changes or substitutions that are not thought of through the inventive work should be included in the scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. A preparation method of a sewage treatment agent prepared from edible fungus residues is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:
1) sterilizing the edible fungus residues, pouring into a container, adding water until the water content is 45-50%, adding a complex enzyme, heating to 50-55 ℃, performing enzymolysis for 2-3h, heating to 120-150 ℃, performing heat preservation for 4-6min, and filtering to obtain an enzymolysis material;
2) pouring the enzymolysis material into a fermentation tank, adding water until the water content is 55-60%, inoculating zymocyte, fermenting at constant temperature of 38-42 deg.C for 5-6h, and filtering to obtain fermented material;
3) drying the fermented material, pulverizing, sieving with 50 mesh sieve, transferring into vacuum container, pressurizing to 2-3MPa, introducing liquid carbon dioxide with container volume of 1/3-1/2, maintaining pressure for 5-8min, rapidly vacuumizing to 0.05-0.07MPa, heating to 50-60 deg.C, maintaining temperature and pressure for 2-3h to obtain puffed bacteria residue;
4) adding water-soluble starch into a container, adding water, stirring until the starch is gelatinized, adding ammonium persulfate and expanded bacteria residues, heating to 50-60 ℃, reacting for 15-20min, adding 0.3-0.5mol/L sodium hydroxide solution, adjusting the pH to 8-9, adding ethyl carboxylate and ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, uniformly mixing, heating to 70-80 ℃, and reacting at constant temperature for 2-3 h;
5) after the reaction is finished, transferring the product in the step 4) to a reaction kettle, continuously introducing nitrogen for 50-60min, discharging internal air, then dropwise adding a mixed solution consisting of ferric salt and ferrous salt, heating the reaction kettle to 200 ℃ and 260 ℃, and carrying out constant-temperature reaction for 5-6 h;
6) after the reaction is finished, naturally cooling to room temperature, washing, drying, crushing, and sieving with a 50-mesh sieve to obtain the sewage treatment agent;
the used raw materials comprise the following components in parts by weight: 30-50 parts of edible fungus residues, 2-3 parts of complex enzyme, 1-2 parts of zymophyte, 10-15 parts of water-soluble starch, 2-3 parts of ammonium persulfate, 3-4 parts of ethyl carboxylate, 4-5 parts of ethyl p-hydroxybenzoate, 3-4 parts of trivalent ferric salt and 2-3 parts of divalent ferric salt.
2. The method for preparing the sewage treatment agent by using the edible fungus residues as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the sterilization is high-temperature sterilization at the temperature of 140 ℃ and 160 ℃ for 2-3 h.
3. The method for preparing the sewage treatment agent by using the fungus residues of the edible fungi according to claim 1, wherein in the step 1), the complex enzyme is composed of cellulase, hemicellulase, pectinase and protease according to a weight ratio of 1:1:1.5: 2.
4. The method for preparing a wastewater treatment agent according to claim 1, wherein the fermentation tubes in step 2) are composed of yeast and lactic acid bacteria at a weight ratio of 1:1, and the number of viable bacteria in the fermentation tubes is not less than 3 x 109CFU/ml。
5. The method for preparing the sewage treatment agent by using the edible fungus residues as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 3), the fermentation material is dried at a drying temperature of 70-80 ℃ until the fermentation material is dried to a constant weight.
6. The method for preparing the sewage treatment agent by using the edible fungus residues as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 5), the ferric salt is selected from one or more of ferric sulfate, ferric nitrate and ferric chloride; the ferrous salt is selected from one or more of ferrous sulfate, ferrous nitrate and ferrous chloride.
7. The method for preparing the sewage treatment agent by using the edible fungus dregs as claimed in claim 1, wherein in the step 6), the washing is performed to be neutral by using distilled water; the drying is vacuum drying, the pressure is 0.04-0.06MPa, the drying temperature is 45-50 ℃, and the drying is carried out until the weight is constant.
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| US20040195176A1 (en) * | 2003-04-07 | 2004-10-07 | Srp Technologies, Inc. | Environmental bioremediation using shell as an electron donor |
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