CN109014528B

CN109014528B - Automatic feeding spot welding machine for nuts

Info

Publication number: CN109014528B
Application number: CN201810753277.XA
Authority: CN
Inventors: 杨淑洁
Original assignee: Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
Current assignee: Zhejiang Ocean University ZJOU
Priority date: 2018-07-10
Filing date: 2018-07-10
Publication date: 2021-08-20
Anticipated expiration: 2038-07-10
Also published as: CN109014528A

Abstract

The invention provides an automatic feeding spot welding machine for nuts, and belongs to the technical field of automatic feeding and spot welding of nuts. It has solved the problem that current welding machine inefficiency and security are low. The invention discloses an automatic nut feeding spot welding machine which comprises a base, a supporting frame, a conveyor, a guide mechanism, a feeding mechanism, a spot welding mechanism and a pushing mechanism. Wherein, through feeding mechanism's setting, can carry the nut of depositing in the conveyer to guiding mechanism one by one in, again by pushing mechanism with nut propelling movement to the welding position point in the guiding mechanism, afterwards, rethread spot welding mechanism welds the nut on the work piece, so, just can realize that whole equipment from the screening of nut, pay-off to welding full automatization accomplish, improved people's work efficiency greatly.

Description

Automatic feeding spot welding machine for nuts

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of automatic feeding and spot welding of nuts, and relates to a spot welding machine for automatic feeding of nuts.

Background

The automatic nut feeding and spot welding technology is to select nuts and weld the nuts on corresponding workpieces through a welding gun, and in the prior art, most of the automatic nut feeding and spot welding technology is completed through manpower or semi-automatic equipment, for example, a conventional welding machine usually needs manual work in the process of welding nuts (consisting of two parts of nuts and end sockets), namely, when the welding machine welds the nuts, a worker firstly needs to place the nuts between an upper electrode and a lower electrode of the welding machine, then place the end sockets on the tops of the nuts, after the end sockets are placed, the upper electrode and the lower electrode of the welding machine start to clamp the end sockets and weld the end sockets and the nuts, and after the nuts and the end sockets are welded into the nuts, the worker manually takes out the welded nuts to complete the welding of one nut, of course, if a plurality of nuts are welded, the worker needs to repeat the above process continuously. The welding machine usually needs manual work to participate in the process of welding the screw cap, and the mode of manually placing the screw cap, sealing the head and taking the screw cap not only has low production efficiency, but also enables workers to be in close contact with the welding machine, thereby easily causing industrial accidents.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to solve the problems in the prior art and provides an automatic nut feeding spot welding machine which is simple in structure, high in efficiency and high in safety.

The purpose of the invention can be realized by the following technical scheme: an automatic nut feed spot welder comprising:

the nut storage device comprises a base and a control system, wherein a support frame and a conveyor for storing nuts are arranged on the base, and the height of the horizontal plane where the conveyor is located is larger than that of the horizontal plane where the support frame is located; the supporting frame is provided with a guide mechanism and a feeding mechanism which conveys nuts in the conveyor one by one into the guide mechanism; the base is movably provided with a spot welding mechanism; the base is also provided with a pushing mechanism for pushing the nut in the guiding mechanism to a preset position; the conveyor, the feeding mechanism, the spot welding mechanism and the pushing mechanism are all electrically connected to the control system.

In the above automatic feeding spot welding machine for nuts, the feeding mechanism comprises a push plate movably arranged in the support frame in a penetrating manner and a U-shaped connecting plate, and the connecting plate is connected with the push plate.

In the above automatic feeding spot welding machine for nuts, a push block is movably arranged in the push plate, a movable rod movably penetrating through the connecting plate is arranged on the push block, and a spring sleeved on the movable rod is arranged between the push block and the connecting plate; the supporting frame is provided with a first cylinder used for pushing the push plate to move, a first piston rod is movably inserted in the first cylinder, and one end of the first piston rod is fixedly connected to the connecting plate.

In the automatic feeding spot welding machine for the nuts, the support frame is provided with a bent plate used for limiting the movement of the push block, a guide seat is arranged in the bent plate, and the guide seat is connected with the conveyor through a track.

In the above automatic feeding spot welding machine for nuts, the push plate comprises a stopper for stopping the nuts in the guide seat from entering the guide mechanism and a penetrating plate movably penetrating the support frame, the stopper is U-shaped, and the stopper is movably penetrating the bent plate.

In the above automatic feeding spot welding machine for nuts, the guiding mechanism includes a pair of material guiding plates arranged on the supporting frame and a limiting block for positioning the nuts, a V-shaped guide rail is arranged between the two material guiding plates, and the material guiding plates are provided with limiting plates for preventing the nuts in the guide rail from jumping; the limiting block is provided with a limiting hole corresponding to the guide rail; the supporting frame is provided with a through hole corresponding to the limiting hole.

In the above automatic feeding spot welding machine for nuts, the pushing mechanism comprises a third cylinder with a push rod, and the push rod is movably arranged in the through hole and the limiting hole in a penetrating manner.

In the above automatic feeding spot welding machine for nuts, the spot welding mechanism includes a rotating frame movably arranged on a support frame, a welding gun movably penetrates through the rotating frame, and a rotating cylinder for driving the rotating frame to rotate is arranged on the support frame; the push rod is movably arranged on the rotating frame in a penetrating mode.

In foretell nut automatic feed spot welder, the tilting is provided with the mounting panel on the rotating turret, be equipped with the second cylinder that is used for promoting welder to remove on the mounting panel, the activity is inserted in the second cylinder and is equipped with the second piston rod, the second piston rod is connected with the mounting bracket.

In the above automatic feeding spot welding machine for nuts, the second cylinder is provided with a fixing seat for installing a welding gun, and the fixing seat is provided with a fixing block for fixing the welding gun.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:

1. according to the invention, through the arrangement of the feeding mechanism, the nuts stored in the conveyor can be conveyed into the guide mechanism one by one, then the nuts in the guide mechanism are pushed to the welding position point by the pushing mechanism, and then the nuts are welded on the workpiece through the spot welding mechanism, so that the full automation completion of the whole equipment from the screening and feeding of the nuts to the welding can be realized, and the working efficiency of people is greatly improved.

2. The control system controls the conveyor, the feeding mechanism, the spot welding mechanism and the pushing mechanism, so that the whole equipment is automatically completed from screening and feeding of nuts to welding, the labor input is reduced, close contact between workers and a welding machine is avoided, and industrial accidents are easily caused.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the feeding mechanism.

Fig. 3 is a schematic view of the structure of fig. 2 with the bent plate removed.

Fig. 4 is a schematic view of the internal structure of the guide mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the pushing mechanism.

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the spot welding mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a schematic view of the structure of the track.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the structure of the push plate.

FIG. 9 is a control system diagram of the invention.

Detailed Description

The following are specific embodiments of the present invention and are further described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

As shown in fig. 1 to 9, the nut automatic feeding spot welding machine according to the present invention includes a base 100, a supporting frame 110, a conveyor 120, a guiding mechanism 200, a feeding mechanism 300, a spot welding mechanism 400, and a pushing mechanism 500.

The base 100 is provided with a support frame 110 and a conveyor 120 for storing nuts, the height of the horizontal plane of the conveyor 120 is greater than that of the horizontal plane of the support frame 110, the support frame 110 is provided with a guide mechanism 200 and a feeding mechanism 300 for conveying the nuts in the conveyor 120 into the guide mechanism 200 one by one, the spot welding mechanism 400 is movably arranged on the base 100, the base 100 is further provided with a pushing mechanism 500 for pushing the nuts in the guide mechanism 200 to a preset position, the conveyor 120, the feeding mechanism 300, the spot welding mechanism 400 and the pushing mechanism 500 are all electrically connected to a control system, when the spot welding machine works, the control system controls the conveyor 120 to work, so that the conveyor 120 shakes, the nuts in the conveyor 120 shake accordingly, the conveyor 120 selects a plurality of proper nuts to convey into the feeding mechanism 300, when the nuts move into the feeding mechanism 300, control system control feeding mechanism 300 for feeding mechanism 300 carries the nut to guiding mechanism 200 in one by one, when this nut moves to the preset position of guiding mechanism 200, pushing mechanism 500 with nut propelling movement to preset position on, pushing mechanism 500 is the nut propelling movement to the work piece promptly, afterwards, control system is with spot welding mechanism 400 again, make spot welding mechanism 400 weld the nut, so, whole equipment is from the screening of nut, pay-off to welding full automatization completion, the human input has been reduced, people's work efficiency has been improved greatly.

As shown in fig. 1 to 3, 7 and 8, in the present invention, the nut contacting the stopper 311 is defined as a first nut, and the nut adjacent to the first nut is defined as a second nut.

The feeding mechanism 300 comprises a push plate 310 movably inserted into the support frame 110 and a connecting plate 320 in a U shape, the connecting plate 320 is connected with the push plate 310, a push block 330 is movably arranged in the push plate 310, a movable rod 331 movably inserted into the connecting plate 320 is arranged on the push block 330, a spring 332 sleeved on the movable rod 331 is arranged between the push block 330 and the connecting plate 320, a first cylinder 340 for pushing the push plate 310 to move is arranged on the support frame 110, a first piston rod 341 is movably inserted in the first cylinder 340, one end of the first piston rod 341 is fixedly connected to the connecting plate 320, a bent plate 130 for limiting the movement of the push block 330 is arranged on the support frame 110, a guide seat 131 is arranged in the bent plate 130, the guide seat 131 is connected with the conveyor 120 through a rail 121, because the height of the conveyor 120 is greater than that of the feeding mechanism 300, the rail 121 is obliquely arranged, and clamping strips 121a are arranged on two side edges of the rail 121 and the guide seat 131, a guide groove 121b is defined between the two clamping strips 121a, so that when the control system controls the conveyor 120 to shake, the conveyor 120 selects nuts located in the entrance of the rail 121 and suitable for the guide groove 121b, and shakes such nuts into the guide groove 121b, because the rail 121 is obliquely arranged, the nuts have gravity, so that the nuts move along the rail 121 from top to bottom, when a plurality of nuts sequentially move into the guide seat 131 through the rail 121, and the first nut is located on the support frame 110, and the second nut is located on the push block 330, the first nut is blocked by the push plate 310, so as to limit all the nuts from entering into the guide mechanism 200, and thereafter, the control system controls the first cylinder 340 to work, so that the first cylinder 340 pushes out the first piston rod 341, because the connecting plate 320 is fixedly connected with the first piston rod 341, the push block 330 is elastically installed in the push plate 310 through the spring 332 and the movable rod 331, the connecting plate 320, the pushing plate 310 and the pushing block 330 move towards the bending plate 130 at the same time, that is, the pushing block 330 pushes the second nut to approach towards the bending plate 130, and at this time, the first nut is still blocked by the pushing plate 310, and when the second nut contacts the bending plate 130, the first cylinder 340 continues to push the first piston rod 341 out, so that the first piston rod 341 pushes the connecting plate 320, the pushing plate 310 and the pushing block 330 to move towards the bending plate 130, because the pushing plate 310 is movably inserted into the bending plate 130 and the supporting frame 110, the pushing plate 310 passes through the bending plate 130 and continues to move upwards, because the second nut is blocked by the bending plate 130, that is, the pushing block 330 is blocked by the bending plate 130, therefore, when the first piston rod 341 continues to push the connecting plate 320, the pushing plate 310 and the pushing block 330 upwards, the movable rod 331 moves downwards relative to the connecting plate 320, and at the same time, the spring 332 is compressed by force, and when the first cylinder 340 completely pushes the first piston rod 341 out, that is, when the first piston rod 341 pushes the push plate 310 to move upward by a distance equal to the thickness of the nut, the push plate 310 no longer blocks the first nut, so that the first nut enters the guide mechanism 200 due to the action of gravity, and the second nut at this time is clamped between the push block 330 and the curved plate 130, so that the push plate 310 and the second nut block the nut in the guide seat 131, when the first nut enters the guide mechanism 200, the control system controls the first cylinder 340 again, so that the first cylinder 340 retracts the first piston rod 341, thereby driving the connecting plate 320 and the push plate 310 to move downward at the same time, and at the same time, the spring 332 performs a return motion, that is, the movable rod 331 moves upward relative to the connecting plate 320, and when the spring 332 returns to the original state, the connecting plate 320 drives the push block 330 to move downward relative to the curved plate 130 through the action of the movable rod 331 and the spring 332, and when the first cylinder 340 retracts the first piston rod 341 completely, that is, the plane at the top of the pushing block 330 coincides with the plane at the top of the supporting frame 110, and the pushing plate 310 and the connecting plate 320 simultaneously complete the resetting, so that the second nut slides to the supporting frame 110 from the pushing block 330 due to the gravity effect because the top of the supporting frame 110 is inclined relative to the horizontal plane, and the feeding mechanism 300 can be repeatedly operated to convey the nuts one by one into the guiding mechanism 200.

The push plate 310 comprises a stopper 311 for stopping the nut in the guide seat 131 from entering the guide mechanism 200 and a penetrating plate 312 movably penetrating the support frame 110, the stopper 311 is U-shaped, the stopper 311 movably penetrates the bent plate 130, the penetrating plate 312 also movably penetrates the bent plate 130, when the first nut reaches the support frame 110, the stopper 311 stops the first nut so that the first nut cannot enter the guide mechanism 200, when the first piston rod 341 pushes the push plate 310 to ascend, both the stopper 311 and the penetrating plate 312 move upward relative to the bent plate 130, and when the stopper 311 ascends by a distance equal to the thickness of the first nut, the first nut passes between the stopper 311 and the support frame 110 and enters the guide mechanism 200, and thereafter, the first piston rod 341 retracts into the first cylinder 340 again so that the push plate 310 moves downward relative to the bent plate 130, that the stopper 311 and the penetrating plate 312 move downward relative to the bent plate 130 at the same time, until the stop 311 is reset to the stand 110, so that the stop 311 stops the next nut.

As shown in fig. 2-3, the guiding mechanism 200 includes a pair of material guiding plates 210 disposed on the supporting frame 110 and a limiting block 220 for positioning the nut, a V-shaped guiding rail 230 is disposed between the two material guiding plates 210, a limiting plate 240 for preventing the nut in the guiding rail 230 from jumping is disposed on the material guiding plates 210, a limiting hole 221 corresponding to the guiding rail 230 is disposed on the limiting block 220, a through hole 111 corresponding to the limiting hole 221 is disposed on the supporting frame 110, when the nut enters the supporting frame 110 through the stopper 311, because the supporting frame 110 is inverted and inclined, the nut entering the supporting frame 110 moves toward the limiting block 220 along the track of the guiding rail 230 due to its own gravity, and when the nut enters the limiting hole 221, that is, when the central axis of the nut, the central axis of the limiting hole 221 and the central axis of the through hole 111 coincide, the stop block 220 blocks the nut from falling.

As shown in fig. 5, the pushing mechanism 500 includes a third cylinder 510 having a push rod 511, the push rod 511 is movably disposed through the through hole 111 and the limiting hole 221, when the nut enters the limiting hole 221, the control system controls the third cylinder 510 to push the push rod 511 out by the third cylinder 510, so that the push rod 511 sequentially passes through the through hole 111 and the limiting hole 221, until the push rod 511 passes through the center of the nut and drives the nut to move toward the workpiece, thereby realizing accurate pushing of the nut by the pushing mechanism 500, and ensuring the working stability of the automatic nut feeding spot welding machine.

As shown in fig. 5-6, the spot welding mechanism 400 includes a rotating frame 410 movably disposed on the supporting frame 110, a welding gun 430 is movably disposed in the rotating frame 410, a rotating cylinder 411 for driving the rotating frame 410 to rotate is disposed on the supporting frame 110, a push rod 511 is movably disposed in the rotating frame 410, a mounting plate 420 is disposed on the rotating frame 410 in an inclined manner, a second cylinder 421 for pushing the welding gun 430 to move is disposed on the mounting plate 420, a second piston rod 421a is movably inserted in the second cylinder 421, the second piston rod 421a is connected to the mounting plate, when the push rod 511 positions and pushes the nut to a predetermined position of the workpiece, the control system controls the second cylinder 421 to make the second cylinder 421 push out or retract the second piston rod 421a, because one end of the second piston rod 421a away from the second cylinder 421 is fixedly connected or threadedly connected to the mounting plate 420, the mounting plate 420 is fixedly connected or threadedly connected to the rotating frame 410, the second cylinder 421 drives the welding gun 430 to move synchronously, and when the welding gun 430 reaches a preset position, namely the welding gun 430 reaches a welding point between the nut and the workpiece, the control system controls the welding gun 430 to work, so that the welding gun 430 welds one side of the nut onto the workpiece, and then the control system controls the second cylinder 421 to retract the second piston rod 421a into the second cylinder 421, so that the welding gun 430 is prevented from colliding with the workpiece in the rotating process, and the safety of the nut automatic feeding spot welding machine is ensured; then, control system control rotation cylinder 411 work for rotation cylinder 411 drives rotating turret 410 and rotates 180, rethread second cylinder 421 with welder 430 propelling movement to another welding point between nut and the work piece, control system control welder 430 work, make welder 430 weld one side of nut on the work piece, after accomplishing spot welding, control system control second cylinder 421 resets, rotation cylinder 411 resets of controlling again, repetitive operation, just can weld a plurality of nuts on the work piece, so, realize the automatic spot welding between nut and the work piece, work efficiency has effectively been improved, and the rate of progress is accelerated.

Be equipped with the fixing base 440 that is used for installing welder 430 on the second cylinder 421, be equipped with the fixed block 441 that is used for fixed welder 430 on the fixing base 440, through fixing base 440 threaded connection second cylinder 421, the rethread fixed block 441 fixes a position the solid on fixing base 440 with welder 430, so, through fixing base 440 and fixed block 441 for welder 430 synchronous motion can be driven to second cylinder 421, and avoid welder 430 to drop from second cylinder 421, ensure welder 430 job stabilization nature.

The working principle of the invention is as follows:

the conveyor 120 picks out a proper nut and feeds the nut into the track 121 in a lying state, because the two ends of the track 121 have a height difference, the nut can reach the guide seat 131 of the drop feed mechanism, at this time, the first cylinder 340 retracts the first piston rod 341, when the first cylinder 340 receives a material separating command of the control system, the first piston rod 341 pushes the push plate 310 and the push block 330 towards the bend plate 130, when the second nut is pressed on the bend plate 130 by the push block 330, i.e. the push block 330 and the second nut stop moving, the push plate 310 passes through the bend plate 130 movably, so that the first cylinder 340 continues to push the push plate 310 to move, at the same time, the connecting plate 320 compresses the spring 332, when the first cylinder 340 completely pushes out the first piston rod 341, the stopper 311 no longer blocks the first nut, so that the first nut enters the support frame 110 and enters the limit hole 221 of the limit block 220 along the track of the guide rail 230, since the second nut is pressed on the bending plate 130 by the pushing block 330, the rest nuts will not fall, and thus one nut is separated, and thereafter, the control system controls the first cylinder 340 to retract the first piston rod 341, and during the retraction of the first cylinder 340, the elastic force of the spring 332 still causes the pushing block 330 to press the second nut until the second nut falls in the stopper 311 of the pushing seat; afterwards, the control system controls the push rod 511 to move, so that the push rod 511 penetrates through a center hole of the nut and pushes the nut to the welding point position of the workpiece, at the moment, the welding mechanism receives a welding instruction of the control system, so that the second cylinder 421 pushes the welding gun 430 to the welding point position and welds one side of the nut on the workpiece, afterwards, the second cylinder 421 drives the welding gun 430 to retract, the rotating cylinder 411 drives the welding gun 430 to rotate 180 degrees, then the second cylinder 421 pushes the spray head of the welding gun 430 to the welding point position again and welds the other side of the nut on the workpiece, after welding is completed, the second cylinder 421 drives the welding gun 430 to retract, the rotating cylinder 411 returns, and thus, a process is completed.

The specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the spirit of the invention. Various modifications or additions may be made to the described embodiments or alternatives may be employed by those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit or ambit of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. An automatic feeding spot welding machine for nuts, comprising: the nut storage device comprises a base and a control system, wherein a support frame and a conveyor for storing nuts are arranged on the base, and the height of the horizontal plane where the conveyor is located is larger than that of the horizontal plane where the support frame is located; the supporting frame is provided with a guide mechanism and a feeding mechanism which conveys nuts in the conveyor one by one into the guide mechanism; the base is movably provided with a spot welding mechanism; the base is also provided with a pushing mechanism for pushing the nut in the guiding mechanism to a preset position; the conveyor, the feeding mechanism, the spot welding mechanism and the pushing mechanism are electrically connected to the control system;

the feeding mechanism comprises a push plate movably arranged in the support frame in a penetrating way and a U-shaped connecting plate, and the connecting plate is connected with the push plate;

a push block is movably arranged in the push plate, a movable rod movably penetrating the connecting plate is arranged on the push block, and a spring sleeved on the movable rod is arranged between the push block and the connecting plate; the supporting frame is provided with a first air cylinder used for pushing the push plate to move, a first piston rod is movably inserted in the first air cylinder, and one end of the first piston rod is fixedly connected with the connecting plate;

the support frame is provided with a bent plate for limiting the movement of the push block, a guide seat is arranged in the bent plate, and the guide seat is connected with the conveyor through a track;

the push plate comprises a stop head for stopping the nut in the guide seat from entering the guide mechanism and a penetrating plate movably penetrating the support frame, the stop head is U-shaped, and the stop head movably penetrates the bent plate;

the guide mechanism comprises a pair of material guide plates arranged on the support frame and a limiting block used for positioning the nut, a V-shaped guide rail is arranged between the two material guide plates in a surrounding manner, and a limiting plate used for preventing the nut in the guide rail from jumping is arranged on each material guide plate; the limiting block is provided with a limiting hole corresponding to the guide rail; the supporting frame is provided with a through hole corresponding to the limiting hole, the pushing mechanism comprises a third air cylinder with a push rod, and the push rod movably penetrates through the through hole and the limiting hole;

the spot welding mechanism comprises a rotating frame movably arranged on a support frame, a welding gun movably penetrates through the rotating frame, and a rotating cylinder used for driving the rotating frame to rotate is arranged on the support frame; the push rod is movably arranged on the rotating frame in a penetrating mode.

2. The automatic feeding spot welding machine for the nuts according to claim 1, wherein a mounting plate is obliquely arranged on the rotating frame, a second cylinder for pushing the welding gun to move is arranged on the mounting plate, a second piston rod is movably inserted in the second cylinder, and the second piston rod is connected with the mounting frame.

3. The automatic feeding spot welding machine for the nuts according to claim 2, wherein a fixing seat for installing a welding gun is arranged on the second cylinder, and a fixing block for fixing the welding gun is arranged on the fixing seat.