CN109001081A - Tunnel excavation is simulated to the experimental rig and method of Influence of Pile Foundation - Google Patents
Tunnel excavation is simulated to the experimental rig and method of Influence of Pile Foundation Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN109001081A CN109001081A CN201810781106.8A CN201810781106A CN109001081A CN 109001081 A CN109001081 A CN 109001081A CN 201810781106 A CN201810781106 A CN 201810781106A CN 109001081 A CN109001081 A CN 109001081A
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- earth formation
- pile foundation
- rubber ring
- soil body
- hole
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N15/00—Investigating characteristics of particles; Investigating permeability, pore-volume, or surface-area of porous materials
- G01N2015/0003—Determining electric mobility, velocity profile, average speed or velocity of a plurality of particles
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of simulation tunnel excavation to the experimental rig of Influence of Pile Foundation, which includes: experiment casing device, including experiment casing and earth formation；Pile foundation model has pile body and the shoe in sharp cone distal；Tunnel excavation simulator, including hollow stainless steel cylinder, multiple rubber rings and multiple steel poles, each steel pole has the drawing end for pulling, can be drawn out rubber ring corresponding with steel pole from the model casing one by one by pulling the drawing end；Measuring equipment, including laser, computer, bracket and at least two industrial cameras, the industrial camera is for the image data after acquiring the earth formation in visual field of the pile foundation model through irradiating before being deformed, the computer is electrically connected with the industrial camera, the mobile changing rule of the soil body particle for obtaining the transparent soil in the earth formation by described image data.The present invention also provides a kind of simulation tunnel excavations to the test method of Influence of Pile Foundation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Tunnel Engineering technical fields, and in particular, to a kind of examination for simulating tunnel excavation to Influence of Pile Foundation
Experiment device and a kind of tunnel excavation of simulating are to the test method of Influence of Pile Foundation.
Background technique
In tunnel excavation work progress, the formation displacement generated due to Stratum Loss may make building around tunnel
The problems such as building object pile foundation and generate certain sedimentation or inclination, the cracking of building is easily caused to tilt if control is ineffective, influences
Its normal use, and the heavy losses of life and property may be brought.Therefore, stratum settlement displacement is controlled, the soil body is probed into out
With the interaction of Adjacent Buildings, pile foundation, disaster accident caused by tunnel excavation is avoided, is to compel to be essential in Metro Tunnel
Solve the problems, such as, by a kind of experimental rig and test method, deformation characteristic and mechanical behavior to pile foundation surrounding soil into
Row monitoring provides sufficient data information to study the sedimentation inclination mechanism of pile foundation, the prediction to the deformation of tunnel excavation pile foundation
The guidance for giving science is of great significance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of simulation tunnel excavations to the experimental rig and a kind of simulation tunnel of Influence of Pile Foundation
The test method to Influence of Pile Foundation is excavated, it can be by tunnel excavation in indoor test model simulation Practical Project to pile foundation
Influence, obtain the mobile changing rule of the neighbouring soil body of pile foundation during tunnel excavation, structurally and operationally simply, accuracy it is good,
It is low cost, reusable.
Simulation tunnel excavation provided by the invention includes: experiment casing device to the experimental rig of Influence of Pile Foundation, including examination
Tryoff body and earth formation；The experiment casing is the hollow cube body structure of single radial cut, including constitutes experiment casing bottom surface
Workbench and constitute experiment casing side wall multiple transparency glass plates, in wherein two transparency glass plates being oppositely arranged
The center line of the upper through-hole offered respectively as tunnel hole, the through-hole is overlapped and center line is parallel to the ground, wherein
Filtering discharge outlet is offered at the marginal position of the close workbench of one piece of transparency glass plate；It is filled out in the experiment casing
Added with the earth formation, the earth formation is by transparent soil and doses the calcium bromide solution structure in the hole of transparent soil
At；
Pile foundation model, has pile body and the shoe in sharp cone distal, and the pile foundation model is vertically inserted by shoe as insertion end
Enter in the earth formation；
Tunnel excavation simulator, including hollow stainless steel cylinder, multiple rubber rings and multiple steel poles；The multiple rubber
Rubber ring is concatenated by multiple steel poles and is sleeved on the stainless steel cylinder, and the both ends of the stainless steel cylinder pass through corresponding logical respectively
Hole is mounted in the experiment casing, and each steel pole has the drawing end for pulling, by pulling drawing end energy
Enough rubber ring corresponding with steel pole is drawn out from the model casing one by one；
Measuring equipment, including laser, computer, at least two brackets and at least two industrial cameras；The laser
Device is fixedly mounted on the top of the experiment casing, for irradiating the earth formation around the pile foundation model in preset range,
The industrial camera is arranged in the outside of the experiment casing by installation on the bracket, for acquiring the pile foundation model
The earth formation in visual field through irradiating before being deformed after image data, the computer is electrically connected with the industrial camera,
For obtaining the mobile changing rule of the soil body particle of the transparent soil in the earth formation by described image data.
Preferably, at least two symmetrically arranged concatenation through-holes are provided in the axial direction on the side wall of each rubber ring, it is described
Multiple rubber rings are concatenated by more steel poles for passing through the concatenation through-hole of each rubber ring, and the concatenation lead to the hole site of each rubber ring
Place is respectively and fixedly provided with corresponding steel pole, so that can be by rubber ring one by one from the model by the drawing end for pulling the steel pole
It is drawn out in case.
Preferably, the outer diameter of the stainless steel cylinder of the multiple rubber ring is set with equal to the through-hole as tunnel hole
Aperture.
Preferably, the outside aperture location of the through-hole towards the experiment casing is bonded with silica gel pad.
Preferably, the length of the stainless steel cylinder is greater than the distance between the central point of described two through-holes.
Preferably, plastic foil has been wrapped in the outer surface of the rubber ring.
Preferably, the lug for pulling the steel pole is welded in the drawing end outer wall of each steel pole.
Preferably, the stake top of the pile foundation model is flushed with the top surface of the earth formation.
On the other hand, the test method the present invention also provides a kind of simulation tunnel excavation to Influence of Pile Foundation, the test method
Including being measured using experimental rig provided by the invention to the earth formation in preset range around the pile foundation model, institute
Stating measuring process includes:
S1) experimental rig installation steps: the tunnel excavation simulator is mounted in the experiment casing, later will
The earth formation is fitted into the model cabinet；The measuring equipment is installed, and according to the position of pile body and needs to measure
Earth formation preset range, adjust height, irradiating angle and the brightness of the laser；The four of the model cabinet
An index point is established as the reference position after the soil deformation of the earth formation in a lateral surface position respectively；
S2 tunnel excavation process steps) are simulated: simulating tunnel lining using the stainless steel cylinder, it is described by pulling respectively
Rubber ring corresponding on the stainless steel cylinder is drawn out from the model casing by steel pole one by one, and stratum is damaged when simulating tunnel excavation
The form continuously developed is lost, wherein distance of the axial length of each rubber ring as a tunnel piercing；
S3 it) Test Data Collecting step: is irradiated around the pile foundation model and is made a reservation for predetermined luminance by the laser
Earth formation in range is often drawn out a rubber ring by the industrial camera from the model casing and shoots the stratum
One soil body particle image of the transparent soil body in structure, until all rubber rings are drawn out from the model casing,
It is in the index point in coverage；
S4) experimental data processing step: the soil body particle image by successively comparing the adjacent shooting of moment twice is passed through
The VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION state of all soil body particles of transparent soil in the visual field of irradiation, wherein being directed to each soil body particle:
Wherein: t1For a preceding shooting time；
t2For a rear shooting time；
X1The horizontal position of soil body particle when for preceding primary shooting；
X2The horizontal position of soil body particle when for rear primary shooting；
Y1The vertical position of soil body particle when for preceding primary shooting；
Y2The vertical position of soil body particle when for rear primary shooting；
U is the horizontal velocity of soil body particle movement；
V is the vertical velocity of soil body particle movement；
S5 motion vector figure) is drawn according to the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION state of measured all soil body particles, to obtain all soil
The mobile changing rule of body particle.
Simulation tunnel excavation provided by the invention, can be by indoor to the experimental rig and test method of Influence of Pile Foundation
Test model simulates influence of the tunnel excavation to pile foundation in Practical Project, obtains the shifting of the neighbouring soil body of pile foundation during tunnel excavation
Dynamic changing rule, structurally and operationally simply, accuracy is good, low cost, reusable.
The other feature and advantage of the embodiment of the present invention will the following detailed description will be given in the detailed implementation section.
Detailed description of the invention
Attached drawing is to further understand for providing to the embodiment of the present invention, and constitute part of specification, under
The specific embodiment in face is used to explain the present invention embodiment together, but does not constitute the limitation to the embodiment of the present invention.Attached
In figure:
Fig. 1 is knot of the simulation tunnel excavation to the cross section of the experimental rig of Influence of Pile Foundation of embodiment according to the present invention
Structure schematic diagram；
Fig. 2 is the structural schematic diagram of the vertical section of the experimental rig of embodiment according to the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the scheme of installation of a rubber ring and steel pole in the experimental rig of embodiment according to the present invention；And
Fig. 4 is the scheme of installation of stainless steel cylinder and rubber ring in the experimental rig of embodiment according to the present invention.
Description of symbols
The transparent soil of 1 glass plate 2
3 filtering 4 through-holes of discharge outlet
5 workbench, 6 pile body
7 shoe, 8 rubber ring
9 concatenation 10 lugs of through-hole
11 steel pole, 12 stainless steel cylinder
13 plastic foil, 14 silica gel pad
15 laser, 16 industrial camera
17 bracket, 18 computer
Specific embodiment
It is described in detail below in conjunction with specific embodiment of the attached drawing to the embodiment of the present invention.It should be understood that this
Locate described specific embodiment and be merely to illustrate and explain the present invention embodiment, is not intended to restrict the invention embodiment.
With reference to the accompanying drawing, technical solution in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
The present invention provides a kind of simulation tunnel excavation to the experimental rig of Influence of Pile Foundation, which includes: chamber
Body device, including experiment casing and earth formation；The experiment casing is the hollow cube body structure of single radial cut, including is constituted
The workbench 5 of experiment casing bottom surface and the multiple transparency glass plates 1 for constituting experiment casing side wall, two set relatively wherein
The through-hole 4 as tunnel hole is offered on the transparency glass plate 1 set respectively, the center line of the through-hole 4 is overlapped and center line
It is parallel to the ground, filtering draining is offered at the wherein marginal position close to the workbench 5 of one piece of transparency glass plate 1
Mouth 3；The earth formation is dosed in the experiment casing, the earth formation is by transparent native 2 and doses transparent native 2
Calcium bromide solution in hole is constituted；
Pile foundation model, has pile body 6 and the shoe 7 in sharp cone distal, and the pile foundation model is vertical as insertion end by shoe 7
It is inserted in the earth formation；
Tunnel excavation simulator, including hollow stainless steel cylinder 12, multiple rubber rings 8 and multiple steel poles 11；It is described
Multiple rubber rings 8 are concatenated by multiple steel poles 11 and are sleeved on the stainless steel cylinder 12, the both ends point of the stainless steel cylinder 12
It is not mounted in the experiment casing by corresponding through-hole 4, each steel pole 11 has the drawing end for pulling, passes through
Pulling the drawing end can be drawn out rubber ring 8 corresponding with steel pole 11 from the model casing one by one；
Measuring equipment, including laser 15, computer 18, at least two brackets 17 and at least two industrial cameras 16；
The laser 15 is fixedly mounted on the top of the experiment casing, for irradiating around the pile foundation model in preset range
Earth formation, the industrial camera 16 is arranged in the outside of the experiment casing by being mounted on the bracket 17, for adopting
Image data after collecting earth formation in visual field of the pile foundation model through irradiating before being deformed, the computer 18 with it is described
Industrial camera 16 is electrically connected, for obtaining transparent native 2 soil body particle in the earth formation by described image data
Mobile changing rule.
According to the technique and scheme of the present invention, as Figure 1-Figure 2, experiment casing device includes experiment casing and stratum knot
Structure；The experiment casing be the hollow cube body structure of single radial cut, including constitute experiment casing bottom surface workbench 5 and
Constitute multiple transparency glass plates 1 of experiment casing side wall.A kind of embodiment according to the present invention, the multiple transparency glass plate
It is bolted between 1, and is sealed in each junction by sealing material (for example, marine glue).
Offer the through-hole 4 as tunnel hole respectively on the transparency glass plate 1 that wherein two are oppositely arranged, simulation exists
Tunneling between two transparency glass plates 1 being oppositely arranged, the vertical range between two transparency glass plates 1 being oppositely arranged
Center line for the length in tunnel, the through-hole 4 is overlapped and center line is parallel to the ground.
Filtering discharge outlet is offered at the wherein marginal position close to the workbench 5 of one piece of transparency glass plate 1
3；The earth formation is dosed in the experiment casing, the earth formation is by transparent native 2 and doses in transparent native 2 hole
Calcium bromide solution in gap is constituted；The extra calcium bromide solution can pass through transparent native 2 hole and from the filter
The experiment casing is discharged in discharge outlet 3.
A kind of embodiment according to the present invention, transparent native 2 soil body granular materials that this test uses is vitreous silica
Sand passes through transparent native 2 base after vacuum evacuation since the calcium bromide solution and the refractive index of tekite sand are substantially matching
This is in a saturated state, can guarantee by transparent native 2 and dose the calcium bromide solution in transparent native 2 hole and constitute
The earth formation have preferable transparent effect.
According to the technique and scheme of the present invention, pile foundation model has pile body 6 and the shoe 7 in sharp cone distal, for simulating tunnel
The pile foundation of the building of surrounding, the pile foundation model are perpendicularly interposed in the earth formation by shoe 7 as insertion end.
A kind of embodiment according to the present invention, it is preferable that the pile body 6 is cylindrical acrylic bar, and the shoe 7 is pushed up
Face is adhesively fixed using super glue and 6 bottom surface of pile body.
The stake top of a kind of embodiment according to the present invention, the pile foundation model is flushed with the top surface of the earth formation.
According to the technique and scheme of the present invention, as Figure 1-Figure 4, tunnel excavation simulator includes hollow stainless steel cylinder
12, multiple rubber rings 8 and multiple steel poles 11；The multiple rubber ring 8 concatenated by multiple steel poles 11 and be sleeved on it is described not
Become rusty steel cylinder 12 on, the both ends of the stainless steel cylinder 12 are mounted in the experiment casing by corresponding through-hole 4 respectively, it is described not
Rust steel cylinder 12 is for simulating tunnel-liner, distance of the length of each rubber ring 8 as a tunnel piercing, each steel
Bar 11 has the drawing end for pulling, by pull the drawing end can will rubber ring 8 corresponding with steel pole 11 one by one from
It is drawn out in the model casing, the form that Stratum Loss continuously develops when can be used in simulating tunnel excavation.
A kind of embodiment according to the present invention, as Figure 3-Figure 4, it is preferable that along axis on the side wall of each rubber ring 8
To at least two symmetrically arranged concatenation through-holes 9 are offered, the multiple rubber ring 8 is led to by the concatenation for passing through each rubber ring 8
More steel poles 11 concatenation in hole 9 (passes through the concatenation through-hole 9 in order to be concise in expression clearly, in Fig. 4 and only shows the steel pole
11, other described steel poles 11 are not shown), and corresponding steel pole 11 is respectively and fixedly provided at 9 position of concatenation through-hole of each rubber ring 8,
So that rubber ring 8 can be drawn out from the model casing one by one by the drawing end for pulling the steel pole 11.
A kind of embodiment according to the present invention, be provided in the axial direction on the side wall of each rubber ring 8 two it is symmetrical
The concatenation through-hole 9 of setting, the more steel poles 11 that the multiple rubber ring 8 passes through the concatenation through-hole 9 across each rubber ring 8
It concatenates, it is fixed with the corresponding steel pole 11 at 9 position of concatenation through-hole of each rubber ring 8, so that pulling the steel
When the drawing end of bar 11, the uniform force of the rubber ring 8.
Another embodiment according to the present invention, be provided in the axial direction on the side wall of each rubber ring 8 four it is right
Claim the concatenation through-hole 9 of setting, the more steel poles that the multiple rubber ring 8 passes through the concatenation through-hole 9 across each rubber ring 8
11 concatenate, fixed with the corresponding steel pole 11 at 9 position of concatenation through-hole of each rubber ring 8, so that it is described to pull this
When the drawing end of steel pole 11, the rubber ring 8 not only uniform force, and reduced the deformation of the rubber ring 8 to the greatest extent, to guarantee
The accuracy of measurement experiment.
A kind of embodiment according to the present invention, according to drawing sequence label on each rubber ring 8, correspondingly,
The steel pole 11 of fixation corresponding with the concatenation through-hole 9 of the rubber ring 8 marks identical label, and it is accurate in drawing to guarantee
Property.
A kind of embodiment according to the present invention, it is preferable that be set with the outer of the stainless steel cylinder 12 of the multiple rubber ring 8
Diameter is equal to the aperture of the through-hole 4 as tunnel hole, with prevent described transparent native 2 and calcium bromide solution from the through-hole 4
Gap leak out.
A kind of embodiment according to the present invention, it is preferable that the through-hole 4 towards the experiment casing outside aperture position
The place of setting is bonded with 14 (not shown) of silica gel pad, with prevent described transparent native 2 and calcium bromide solution from the slit source of the through-hole 4
Out.
A kind of embodiment according to the present invention, it is preferable that the length of the stainless steel cylinder 12 is greater than described two through-holes 4
The distance between central point, in order to which the installation of the stainless steel cylinder 12 is fixed and sealings with described two through-holes 4.
A kind of embodiment according to the present invention, it is preferable that plastic foil 13 has been wrapped in the outer surface of the rubber ring 8,
For reducing disturbance of the rubber ring 8 when involving to surrounding soil particle.
A kind of embodiment according to the present invention, it is preferable that useful in the drawing end outer wall welding of each steel pole 11
In the lug 10 for pulling the steel pole 11, convenient for operation drawing.
According to the technique and scheme of the present invention, as Figure 1-Figure 2, measuring equipment, including laser 15, computer 18 are (not
Show), at least two brackets 17 and at least two industrial cameras 16；The laser 15 is fixedly mounted on the experiment casing
Top, for irradiating the earth formation around the pile foundation model in preset range, the industrial camera 16 is by being mounted on
The outside of the experiment casing is arranged on the bracket 17, for acquiring the stratum in the visual field of the pile foundation model through irradiating
Structure before being deformed after image data, the computer 18 is electrically connected with the industrial camera 16, for passing through described image
Data obtain the mobile changing rule of transparent native 2 soil body particle in the earth formation.
A kind of embodiment according to the present invention, it is preferable that two brackets 17 of setting and two industrial cameras 16, each
The industrial camera 16 is mounted on the bracket 17, be arranged in the experiment casing two sides and the stainless steel
On the direction that the central axes of cylinder 12 are overlapped and on the direction vertical with the central axes of the stainless steel cylinder 12, for acquiring the examination
The situation of change of soil body particle on the vertical section and cross-sectional direction of tryoff body.
Four brackets 17 and four industrial cameras 16, each work is arranged in a kind of embodiment according to the present invention
Industry camera 16 is mounted on the bracket 17, be arranged in the experiment casing four sides and the stainless steel cylinder
On the direction that 12 central axes are overlapped and on the direction vertical with the central axes of the stainless steel cylinder 12, for comprehensively acquiring institute
State the situation of change of soil body particle on the vertical section and cross-sectional direction of experiment casing.
On the other hand, the test method the present invention also provides a kind of simulation tunnel excavation to Influence of Pile Foundation, the test method
It, can including being measured using experimental rig provided by the invention to the earth formation in preset range around the pile foundation model
To determine the geometric similarity ratio of tunnel excavation simulator and prototype size, and then Selection Model case and stake according to laboratory condition
The size of basic mode type, the measuring process include:
S1) experimental rig installation steps: the tunnel excavation simulator is mounted in the experiment casing, later will
The earth formation is fitted into the model cabinet；The measuring equipment is installed, and according to the position of pile body 6 and needs to measure
Earth formation preset range, adjust height, irradiating angle and the brightness of the laser 15；In the model cabinet
An index point is established as the reference position after the soil deformation of the earth formation in four lateral surface positions respectively；
S2 tunnel step excavation process steps) are simulated: tunnel lining are simulated using the stainless steel cylinder 12, by drawing respectively
It drags the steel pole 11 to be drawn out rubber ring 8 corresponding on the stainless steel cylinder 12 from the model casing one by one, simulates tunnel
The form that Stratum Loss continuously develops when excavation, wherein the axial length of each rubber ring 8 is as a tunnel piercing
Distance；
S3 it) Test Data Collecting step: is irradiated around the pile foundation model in advance by the laser 15 with predetermined luminance
Determine the earth formation in range, a rubber ring 8 is often drawn out from the model casing by the industrial camera 16 and shoots institute
A soil body particle image of the transparent soil body 2 in earth formation is stated, until all rubber rings 8 are by from the model casing
It is drawn out, is in the index point in coverage；
S4) experimental data processing step: the soil body particle image by successively comparing the adjacent shooting of moment twice is passed through
The VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION state of transparent native 2 all soil body particles in the visual field of irradiation, wherein being directed to each soil body particle:
Wherein: t1For a preceding shooting time；
t2For a rear shooting time；
X1The horizontal position of soil body particle when for preceding primary shooting；
X2The horizontal position of soil body particle when for rear primary shooting；
Y1The vertical position of soil body particle when for preceding primary shooting；
Y2The vertical position of soil body particle when for rear primary shooting；
U is the horizontal velocity of soil body particle movement；
V is the vertical velocity of soil body particle movement；
S5 motion vector figure) is drawn according to the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION state of measured all soil body particles, to obtain all soil
The mobile changing rule of body particle.
Simulation tunnel excavation provided by the invention, can be by indoor to the experimental rig and test method of Influence of Pile Foundation
Test model simulates influence of the tunnel excavation to pile foundation in Practical Project, obtains the shifting of the neighbouring soil body of pile foundation during tunnel excavation
Dynamic changing rule, structurally and operationally simply, accuracy is good, low cost, reusable.
The optional embodiment of the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail in conjunction with attached drawing above, still, the embodiment of the present invention is simultaneously
The detail being not limited in above embodiment can be to of the invention real in the range of the technology design of the embodiment of the present invention
The technical solution for applying example carries out a variety of simple variants, these simple variants belong to the protection scope of the embodiment of the present invention.
It is further to note that specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments, in not lance
In the case where shield, it can be combined in any appropriate way.In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the embodiment of the present invention pair
No further explanation will be given for various combinations of possible ways.
In addition, any combination can also be carried out between a variety of different embodiments of the embodiment of the present invention, as long as it is not
The thought of the embodiment of the present invention is violated, equally should be considered as disclosure of that of the embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of simulation tunnel excavation is to the experimental rig of Influence of Pile Foundation, which is characterized in that the experimental rig includes:
Experiment casing device, including experiment casing and earth formation；The experiment casing is the hollow cube cabinet knot of single radial cut
Structure, including constituting the workbench (5) of experiment casing bottom surface and constituting multiple transparency glass plates (1) of experiment casing side wall,
The through-hole (4) as tunnel hole, the through-hole are offered on the transparency glass plate (1) being oppositely arranged at wherein two respectively
(4) center line is overlapped and center line is parallel to the ground, wherein the close workbench of one piece of transparency glass plate (1)
(5) filtering discharge outlet (3) is offered at marginal position；The earth formation, the stratum have been dosed in the experiment casing
Structure is by transparent native (2) and doses the calcium bromide solution in the hole of transparent native (2) and constitutes；
Pile foundation model, has pile body (6) and the shoe (7) in sharp cone distal, and the pile foundation model is hung down by shoe (7) as insertion end
It is directly inserted in the earth formation；
Tunnel excavation simulator, including hollow stainless steel cylinder (12), multiple rubber rings (8) and multiple steel poles (11)；Institute
It states multiple rubber rings (8) and concatenates and be sleeved on the stainless steel cylinder (12), the stainless steel cylinder by multiple steel poles (11)
(12) both ends are mounted in the experiment casing by corresponding through-hole (4) respectively, and each steel pole (11), which has, to be used for
The drawing end of pulling, by pull the drawing end can will rubber ring (8) corresponding with steel pole (11) one by one from the model
It is drawn out in case；
Measuring equipment, including laser (15), computer (18), at least two brackets (17) and at least two industrial cameras
(16)；The laser (15) is fixedly mounted on the top of the experiment casing, makes a reservation for around the pile foundation model for irradiating
Earth formation in range, the industrial camera (16) are arranged in the experiment casing by being mounted on the bracket (17)
Outside, for the image data after acquiring the earth formation in visual field of the pile foundation model through irradiating before being deformed, the meter
Calculation machine (18) is electrically connected with the industrial camera (16), transparent in the earth formation for being obtained by described image data
The mobile changing rule of the soil body particle of native (2).
2. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that opened up on the side wall of each rubber ring (8) along axial direction
There are at least two symmetrically arranged concatenation through-holes (9), the multiple rubber ring (8) is logical by the concatenation for passing through each rubber ring (8)
The more steel poles (11) in hole (9) concatenate, and are respectively and fixedly provided with corresponding steel pole at concatenation through-hole (9) position of each rubber ring (8)
(11), so that can be pulled rubber ring (8) from the model casing one by one by the drawing end for pulling the steel pole (11)
Out.
3. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that be set with the stainless steel of the multiple rubber ring (8)
The outer diameter of cylinder (12) is equal to the aperture of the through-hole (4) as tunnel hole.
4. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the through-hole (4) is outer towards the experiment casing
Side aperture location is bonded with silica gel pad (14).
5. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the length of the stainless steel cylinder (12) is greater than described two
The distance between the central point of a through-hole (4).
6. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that wrapped modeling in the outer surface of the rubber ring (8)
Expect film (13).
7. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that welded in the drawing end outer wall of each steel pole (11)
It is connected to the lug (10) for pulling the steel pole (11).
8. experimental rig according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the stake top of the pile foundation model and the earth formation
Top surface flush.
9. a kind of simulation tunnel excavation is to the test method of Influence of Pile Foundation, which is characterized in that the test method includes using right
It is required that experimental rig described in any one of 1-8 claim to the earth formation in preset range around the pile foundation model into
Row measurement, the measuring process include:
S1) experimental rig installation steps: the tunnel excavation simulator is mounted in the experiment casing, later will be described
Earth formation is fitted into the model cabinet；The measuring equipment is installed, and measured according to the position of pile body (6) and needs
The preset range of earth formation adjusts height, irradiating angle and the brightness of the laser (15)；In the model cabinet
An index point is established as the reference position after the soil deformation of the earth formation in four lateral surface positions respectively；
S2 tunnel excavation process steps) are simulated: simulating tunnel lining using the stainless steel cylinder (12), it is described by pulling respectively
Rubber ring (8) corresponding on the stainless steel cylinder (12) is drawn out from the model casing one by one to simulate tunnel by steel pole (11)
The form that Stratum Loss continuously develops when excavation, wherein the axial length of each rubber ring (8) is as a tunnel piercing
Distance；
S3 it) Test Data Collecting step: is irradiated around the pile foundation model and is made a reservation for predetermined luminance by the laser (15)
Earth formation in range is often drawn out a rubber ring (8) from the model casing and is shot by the industrial camera (16)
One soil body particle image of the transparent soil body (2) in the earth formation, until all rubber ring (8) is by from the mould
It is drawn out in molding box, is in the index point in coverage；
S4) experimental data processing step: the soil body particle image by successively comparing the adjacent shooting of moment twice is obtained through irradiating
Visual field in transparent native (2) all soil body particles VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION state, wherein being directed to each soil body particle:
Wherein: t1For a preceding shooting time；
t2For a rear shooting time；
X1The horizontal position of soil body particle when for preceding primary shooting；
X2The horizontal position of soil body particle when for rear primary shooting；
Y1The vertical position of soil body particle when for preceding primary shooting；
Y2The vertical position of soil body particle when for rear primary shooting；
U is the horizontal velocity of soil body particle movement；
V is the vertical velocity of soil body particle movement；
S5 motion vector figure) is drawn according to the VELOCITY DISTRIBUTION state of measured all soil body particles, to obtain all soil bodys
The mobile changing rule of grain.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810781106.8A CN109001081B (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2018-07-17 | Test device and method for simulating influence of tunnel excavation on pile foundation |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810781106.8A CN109001081B (en) | 2018-07-17 | 2018-07-17 | Test device and method for simulating influence of tunnel excavation on pile foundation |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN109001081A true CN109001081A (en) | 2018-12-14 |
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