CN107560879A - A kind of experimental rig and application method of simulation tunnel excavation face unstability - Google Patents
A kind of experimental rig and application method of simulation tunnel excavation face unstability Download PDFInfo
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- CN107560879A CN107560879A CN201710756655.5A CN201710756655A CN107560879A CN 107560879 A CN107560879 A CN 107560879A CN 201710756655 A CN201710756655 A CN 201710756655A CN 107560879 A CN107560879 A CN 107560879A
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- rigid protection
- tunnel excavation
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of experimental rig and application method of simulation tunnel excavation face unstability, the device includes geotechnical centrifuge and the model casing being provided thereon, the shield shell for being used for bearing soil pressure in case is provided with the model casing, the shield shell end is provided with rigid protection face, the loading system for driving it to move is connected with the rigid protection face, data collecting system is additionally provided with the model casing, when loading system drives the movement of rigid protection face, the data collecting system can detect displacement, Support Resistance and the top soil body settling data in rigid protection face.The present invention can not only simulate the deadweight of soil body prototype, stress is distributed with the soil body under the change of depth, nature, tunnel excavation face Support Resistance size can be observed simultaneously, the stabilization of simulation tunnel excavation face and deformation, theoretical direction is provided for the concrete condition encountered in actual digging process, ensures that construction is smoothed out.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Tunnel Engineering technical field, the experimental rig of more particularly to a kind of simulation tunnel excavation face unstability and
Application method.
Background technology
With the development of the city, track traffic is changed with each passing day, and increasing underground concealed engineering is built, tunnel
Diversified trend is presented in engineering.How designer is determined in tunnel excavation tunneling process, the supporting condition applied to excavation face,
It is the key for ensureing construction safety.When excavation face supporting is smaller, the unstable failure in tunnel excavation face can be caused, and excavation face branch
When protecting larger, then it can cause land upheaval.
Currently the research to face mainly has theory deduction, numerical simulation and experimental observation.Now numerical simulation due to
The features such as it is easy, cost is low, time-consuming few, is used widely.It establishes tunnel model by software, adds boundary condition mould
Intend tunnel excavation process, analyze the deformation failure of excavation face under different supporting conditions.But there is some for method for numerical simulation
Obvious deficiency.First, for the soil body as nature material, the physical parameter of the soil body and the test of mechanical characteristic are approximate, and are tested
Being worth in the calculating parameter for numerical simulation will necessarily cause the result of numerical computations to be had greater difference with actual conditions；Secondly,
The soil body is three-phase medium, is inhomogeneous distribution in nature stratum, but can only regard the soil body in numerical procedure
For homogeneous distribution so that result of calculation has larger discrepancy with actual result.
Stabilization and deformation for accurate description excavation face, and excavate ground settlement caused by unstability and describe to excavate simultaneously
Relation between face supporting and displacement is, it is necessary to a kind of experimental rig that can be used in simulation tunnel excavation face unstability.
The content of the invention
It is an object of the invention to：For using numerical simulation tunnel excavation process at present, analyze under different supporting conditions
During the deformation failure of excavation face, the problem of result that numerical computations be present has greater difference with actual conditions, there is provided one kind simulation
The experimental rig of tunnel excavation face unstability, it can not only simulate the deadweight of prototype, stress with the change of depth, nature
Soil body distribution, while can be by observing tunnel excavation face Support Resistance size, the stabilization of simulation tunnel excavation face and deformation.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the invention provides following technical scheme：
A kind of experimental rig of simulation tunnel excavation face unstability, including geotechnical centrifuge and the model casing being provided thereon, institute
The shield shell for being provided with model casing and being used for bearing soil pressure in case is stated, the shield shell end is provided with rigid protection face, the rigidity
The loading system for driving it to move is connected with branch mask, data collecting system is additionally provided with the model casing, when loading is
During the dynamic rigid protection face movement of regiment commander, the data collecting system can detect the displacement in rigid protection face, Support Resistance and
Top soil body settling data.
The present invention by using geotechnical centrifuge and model casing, while set in model casing shield shell, rigid protection face,
Loading system and data collecting system, according to the construction strata condition arrangement experiment soil body in model casing during use, using soil
Work centrifuge simulates soil body weight stress, drives the movement of rigid protection face using loading system, while utilize data acquisition system
Displacement, Support Resistance and top soil body settling data, device that system detects rigid protection face can not only simulate prototype
Deadweight, stress are distributed with the soil body under the change of depth, nature, while can be by observing tunnel excavation face Support Resistance
Size, the stabilization of simulation tunnel excavation face and deformation.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, the loading system includes the load bar being connected with rigid protection face, described to add
Carry the Power Component being connected with bar for driving it to move.The loading system drives load bar to move by Power Component, and then
The movement of rigid protection face is driven, realizes the Bit andits control to rigid protection face, so as to change Support Resistance size, simulation tunnel is opened
Digging face Instability.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, the Power Component includes threephase asynchronous machine, the variable speed being sequentially connected
Device and reducer of turbodrill, power screw mandrel is connected with the reducer of turbodrill, and the power screw mandrel is provided with what is be connected with load bar
Feed screw nut.Due to being provided with power screw mandrel and feed screw nut in the Power Component, feed screw nut is by screw thread by power screw mandrel
Angular speed be converted into the linear velocity of fore-and-aft direction, and the linear velocity is passed into load bar, and then drive rigid protection face to move
It is dynamic.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, the data collecting system includes axle power meter, LVDT displacement transducers and swashed
Optical displacement sensor；The axle power meter is connected on load bar, for detecting Support Resistance；The LVDT displacement transducers connection
On rigid protection face, for detecting the displacement in rigid protection face under the conditions of different Support Resistances；The laser displacement sensor
It is arranged on above rigid protection face in the soil body, for detecting soil body sedimentation.It can be obtained by axle power meter and LVDT displacement transducers
To excavation face Support Resistance and displacement relation curve, laser displacement sensor can obtain excavation face ground settlement curve, and then
The limit support power of excavation face is calculated, theoretical direction is provided for the concrete condition encountered in actual digging process, ensures construction
It is smoothed out.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, the model casing side is provided with the observation window of transparent material, outside the observation window
Provided with camera device.By setting camera device outside the observation window of transparent material, the camera device outflow image, by
Grain image velocimetry can be seen that excavation face Failure Model.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, the dividing plate for supporting loading bar is provided with the shield shell, it can be ensured that experiment
During loading, load bar can stably drive rigid protection face move, make axle power meter detect Support Resistance when more accurately and reliably.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, the quantity of the laser displacement sensor is five, is arranged side by side in rigid branch
Above mask in the soil body.
The present invention also provides a kind of application method of the experimental rig of simulation tunnel excavation face unstability, comprises the following steps：
A, the addition experiment soil body into model casing；
B, model casing is placed on geotechnical centrifuge；
C, turn-on data acquisition system and camera device, centrifugal acceleration is brought up into 50g and stable 10min；
D, rigid protection face is controlled to move on request by loading system.
This method is simulated soil body weight stress using geotechnical centrifuge, adopted by setting the experiment soil body in model casing
Drive rigid protection face to move with loading system, while experiment related data is carried out using data collecting system and camera device
Detection, this method are capable of the stabilization and deformation of simulation tunnel excavation face, are the specific feelings encountered in actual digging process
Condition provides theoretical direction, ensures that construction is smoothed out.
As the preferred scheme of the present invention, in step a, in the addition experiment soil body into model casing, reality should refer to
The distribution of strata situation arrangement of geologic prospect report, and job site foundation soil is taken as experiment soil, so that the experiment soil body
Practice of construction geological condition is more nearly, is advantageous to further improve the accuracy of the simulated test.
In summary, by adopting the above-described technical solution, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows：
1st, the present invention is by using geotechnical centrifuge and model casing, while shield shell, rigid protection are set in model casing
Face, loading system and data collecting system, used in model casing according to the construction strata condition arrangement experiment soil body during use
Geotechnical centrifuge simulates soil body weight stress, drives the movement of rigid protection face using loading system, while utilize data acquisition
The displacement in system detectio rigid protection face, Support Resistance and top soil body settling data, the device can not only simulate prototype
Deadweight, stress is distributed with the soil body under the change of depth, nature, while can be hindered by observing the supporting of tunnel excavation face
Power size, the stabilization of simulation tunnel excavation face and deformation；
2nd, the present invention can obtain excavation face Support Resistance by axle power meter and LVDT displacement transducers and displacement relation is bent
Line, laser displacement sensor can obtain excavation face ground settlement curve, and then calculate the limit support power of excavation face, for reality
Concrete condition encountered in digging process provides theoretical direction, ensures that construction is smoothed out；
3rd, the present invention outside the observation window of transparent material by setting camera device, the image of camera device outflow, warp
Cross particle image velocimetry technology and can be seen that excavation face Failure Model.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the experimental rig of the simulation tunnel excavation face unstability in the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the side view of the experimental rig of the simulation tunnel excavation face unstability in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the Power Component partial structural diagram in the present invention.
Marked in figure：1- model casings, 2- threephase asynchronous machines, 3- bunchers, 4- reducer of turbodrill, 5- motors are fixed
Baffle plate, 6- shield shells, 7- load bars, 8- dividing plates, 9-LVDT displacement transducers, 10- axle power meters, 11- rigid protections face, 12- laser
Displacement transducer, 13- high-strength transparence special glasss, 14- cameras, 15- power screw mandrels, 16- feed screw nut.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.But this should not be interpreted as
The scope of the above-mentioned theme of the present invention is only limitted to following embodiment, all to belong to this hair based on the technology that present invention is realized
Bright scope.
Embodiment 1
The present invention provides a kind of experimental rig of simulation tunnel excavation face unstability；
As shown in Figure 1-Figure 3, the experimental rig of the simulation tunnel excavation face unstability in the present embodiment, including geotechnical centrifuge
With the model casing 1 being provided thereon, the geotechnical centrifuge is arranged on laboratory, for simulated gravity, makes the experiment soil body in centrifugal force
Stress state and prototype in is consistent in gravitational field；Load in the model casing and reduced according to the geometric scale of prototype,
The similar soil body of physical behavior；The shield shell 6 for being used for bearing soil pressure in case is provided with the model casing 1, it is that galvanized iron is thin
Wall cylindrical structure, the end of shield shell 6 are provided with rigid protection face 11, and it provides Support Resistance, the rigid protection for excavation face
The loading system for driving it to move is connected with face 11, data collecting system is additionally provided with the model casing 1, works as loading system
When driving the movement of rigid protection face, the data collecting system can detect the displacement in rigid protection face, Support Resistance and on
Necromancer body settling data.
In the present embodiment, the loading system includes the load bar 7 that is connected with rigid protection face 11, on the load bar 7
It is connected with the Power Component for driving it to move.The loading system drives load bar to move by Power Component, and then drives firm
Property the movement of branch mask, realize the Bit andits control to rigid protection face, so as to change Support Resistance size, simulation tunnel excavation face is lost
Steady process.
In the present embodiment, the Power Component includes threephase asynchronous machine 2, buncher 3 and the turbine being sequentially connected
Decelerator 4, power screw mandrel 15 is connected with the reducer of turbodrill 4, and the power screw mandrel 15 is provided with the silk being connected with load bar 7
Stem nut 16, due to being provided with power screw mandrel and feed screw nut in the Power Component, feed screw nut is by screw thread by power screw mandrel
Angular speed be converted into the linear velocity of fore-and-aft direction, and the linear velocity is passed into load bar, and then drive rigid protection face to move
It is dynamic；The threephase asynchronous machine 2 is arranged on motor fixed dam 5, be provided with the shield shell 6 for supporting loading bar 7 every
Plate 8, it can be ensured that during experiment loading, load bar can stably drive rigid protection face to move, and make axle power meter detect Support Resistance
Shi Gengjia is accurately and reliably.In addition, the threephase asynchronous machine in the present embodiment is connected with motor control switch, the motor control switch
, can be by changing rotating forward, reversion and stopping of the electric current input direction come controlled motor provided with rotating forward, inverting and stopping gear；
The reducer of turbodrill can be arranged as required to as 1~5.
In the present embodiment, the data collecting system includes axle power meter 10, LVDT displacement transducers 9 and laser displacement and passed
Sensor 12；The axle power meter 10 is fastened on load bar 7 with dividing plate 8, and the LVDT displacement transducers 9 have two, is set
In shield shell 6, it is connected respectively with rigid protection face 11 and motor fixed dam 5；The laser displacement sensor 12 has five,
It is disposed side by side in the top soil body of rigid protection face 11.The data collecting system is connected with the data analysis unit of outside, its
In, axle power meter 10 is used to detect Support Resistance；LVDT displacement transducers 9 are used to detect rigid protection under the conditions of different Support Resistances
The displacement in face；Laser displacement sensor 12 is used to detect soil body sedimentation.It can be obtained by axle power meter and LVDT displacement transducers
Excavation face Support Resistance and displacement relation curve, laser displacement sensor can obtain excavation face ground settlement curve, Jin Erji
The limit support power of excavation face is calculated, theoretical direction is provided for the concrete condition encountered in actual digging process, ensures that construction is suitable
Profit is carried out.
In the present embodiment, the side of model casing 1 is provided with the observation window of transparent material, and it is high-strength transparence special glass
13, facilitate the soil body in observing and nursing case to change, the observation window is externally provided with camera device, and it is camera 14.By transparent
Camera device is set outside the observation window of material, the image of camera device outflow, can be seen that by particle image velocimetry technology
Excavation face Failure Model.
The present embodiment sets shield shell, rigid protection by using geotechnical centrifuge and model casing in model casing
Face, loading system and data collecting system, used in model casing according to the construction strata condition arrangement experiment soil body during use
Geotechnical centrifuge simulates soil body weight stress, drives the movement of rigid protection face using loading system, while utilize data acquisition
The displacement in system detectio rigid protection face, Support Resistance and top soil body settling data, the device can not only simulate prototype
Deadweight, stress is distributed with the soil body under the change of depth, nature, while can be hindered by observing the supporting of tunnel excavation face
Power size, the stabilization of simulation tunnel excavation face and deformation.
Embodiment 2
The present invention provides the application method of the experimental rig of above-mentioned simulation tunnel excavation face unstability, comprises the following steps：
A, the addition experiment soil body into model casing；
B, model casing is placed on geotechnical centrifuge；
C, turn-on data acquisition system and camera device, centrifugal acceleration is brought up into 50g and stable 10min；
D, rigid protection face is controlled to move on request by loading system.
In the present embodiment, in step a, in the addition experiment soil body into model casing, actual geologic prospect report should refer to
The distribution of strata situation arrangement of announcement, and job site foundation soil is taken as experiment soil, so that the experiment soil body is more nearly reality
Border construction geology situation, be advantageous to further improve the accuracy of the simulated test.
Certain buried depth is simulated than the tunnel for 0.5, foundation soil is closely knit sandy soil stratum, shield tunneling face Instability, is obtained
Related data, specific operation are as follows：
From ZJU400 centrifuges, rigid mould molding box inside dimension is 1m × 0.45m × 1m, by 4 blocks of side plates and one piece of bottom plate
Composition, wherein front side board are made up of high intensity aluminium inframe edge high-strength transparence special glass, and remaining boxboard is by High-strength aluminum product material
It is made, model shield mainly includes shield shell, rigid protection face and dividing plate, shield shell internal diameter 100mm, is made of stainless steel wire, every
Plate is one piece of diameter 100mm, thick 5mm aluminium sheet, and it is screwed with shield shell, and model test foundation soil is with reference to actual geology
The distribution of strata situation arrangement of prospecting report, and job site foundation soil is taken as experiment soil.Model casing is made, will be made
Model equipment be put into centrifugal basket, pass through motor control switch control rigid protection face position keep constant, turn-on data
After acquisition system and camera, control centrifugal acceleration brings up to 50g and stable 10min.Now, can be controlled by motor switch
Direction movement designed by rigid protection face installation testing program, after off-test, preserves experimental data.
In experimentation, it is bent with displacement relation that excavation face supporting power can be obtained by axle power meter and LVDT displacement transducers
Line；The image spread out of by camera, excavation face Failure Model is can be seen that by particle image velocimetry technology；Laser displacement passes
Sensor can obtain band excavation face ground settlement curve；By testing the data obtained, the limit support power of excavation face can be calculated, is
Concrete condition encountered in actual digging process provides theoretical direction, ensure that being smoothed out for construction.
This method is simulated soil body weight stress using geotechnical centrifuge, adopted by setting the experiment soil body in model casing
Drive rigid protection face to move with loading system, while experiment related data is carried out using data collecting system and camera device
Detection, this method are capable of the stabilization and deformation of simulation tunnel excavation face, are the specific feelings encountered in actual digging process
Condition provides theoretical direction, ensures that construction is smoothed out.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, all originals in the present invention
All any modification, equivalent and improvement made within reason etc., should be included in the scope of the protection.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of experimental rig of simulation tunnel excavation face unstability, it is characterised in that including geotechnical centrifuge and be provided thereon
Model casing, the model casing is interior to be provided with the shield shell for being used for bearing soil pressure in case, and the shield shell end is provided with rigid protection face,
The loading system for driving it to move is connected with the rigid protection face, data collecting system is additionally provided with the model casing,
When loading system drives the movement of rigid protection face, the data collecting system can detect the displacement in rigid protection face, supporting
Resistance and top soil body settling data.
2. the experimental rig of simulation tunnel excavation face unstability according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the loading system
Including the load bar being connected with rigid protection face, the Power Component for driving it to move is connected with the load bar.
3. the experimental rig of simulation tunnel excavation face unstability according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the Power Component
Including the threephase asynchronous machine, buncher and reducer of turbodrill being sequentially connected, power silk is connected with the reducer of turbodrill
Bar, the power screw mandrel are provided with the feed screw nut being connected with load bar.
4. the experimental rig of simulation tunnel excavation face unstability according to claim 3, it is characterised in that the data acquisition
System includes axle power meter, LVDT displacement transducers and laser displacement sensor；The axle power meter is connected on load bar, is used for
Detect Support Resistance；The LVDT displacement transducers are connected on rigid protection face, under the conditions of detecting different Support Resistances
The displacement in rigid protection face；The laser displacement sensor is arranged on above rigid protection face in the soil body, is sunk for detecting the soil body
Drop.
5. the experimental rig of the simulation tunnel excavation face unstability according to one of claim 1-4, it is characterised in that the mould
Molding box side is provided with the observation window of transparent material, and the observation window is externally provided with camera device.
6. the experimental rig of the simulation tunnel excavation face unstability according to one of claim 2-4, it is characterised in that the shield
The dividing plate for supporting loading bar is provided with shell.
7. the experimental rig of simulation tunnel excavation face unstability according to claim 4, it is characterised in that the laser displacement
The quantity of sensor is five, is arranged side by side in above rigid protection face in the soil body.
8. a kind of application method of the experimental rig of simulation tunnel excavation face unstability as described in claim 1-7 is any, it is special
Sign is, comprises the following steps：
A, the addition experiment soil body into model casing；
B, model casing is placed on geotechnical centrifuge；
C, turn-on data acquisition system and camera device, centrifugal acceleration is brought up into 50g and stable 10min；
D, rigid protection face is controlled to move on request by loading system.
9. the experimental rig of simulation tunnel excavation face unstability according to claim 8, it is characterised in that in step a,
Into model casing during the addition experiment soil body, the distribution of strata situation arrangement of actual geology prospecting report is should refer to, and takes construction existing
Slag soil is as experiment soil.
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| CN108181072A (en) * | 2018-03-09 | 2018-06-19 | 西南交通大学 | System is tested for the dynamic response of tunnel structure and country rock in rich water sandy soil stratum |
| CN108956942A (en) * | 2018-06-14 | 2018-12-07 | 上海建工集团股份有限公司 | The experimental rig and method that simulation shield tunneling face unstability influences pipeline architecture |
| CN109001081A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-14 | 中铁十二局集团第二工程有限公司 | Tunnel excavation is simulated to the experimental rig and method of Influence of Pile Foundation |
| CN109342695A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-02-15 | 武汉理工大学 | Reduced scale experimental rig in a kind of removable supporting room for shallow soft stratum model |
| CN109681219A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-26 | 中国海洋大学 | Sharp turn song tunnel model test device and its method |
| CN110320346A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-11 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Tunnelling centrifugal model test method |
| CN110346161A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-18 | 东北大学 | A kind of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine optimized experimental facility and its application method |
| CN110398414A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-11-01 | 广西大学 | The model test apparatus and test method of excavation face unstability under the conditions of seepage flow artesian water |
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| CN109001081A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-12-14 | 中铁十二局集团第二工程有限公司 | Tunnel excavation is simulated to the experimental rig and method of Influence of Pile Foundation |
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| CN109342695A (en) * | 2018-11-08 | 2019-02-15 | 武汉理工大学 | Reduced scale experimental rig in a kind of removable supporting room for shallow soft stratum model |
| CN109681219A (en) * | 2018-12-18 | 2019-04-26 | 中国海洋大学 | Sharp turn song tunnel model test device and its method |
| CN110398414A (en) * | 2019-07-12 | 2019-11-01 | 广西大学 | The model test apparatus and test method of excavation face unstability under the conditions of seepage flow artesian water |
| CN110346161A (en) * | 2019-07-16 | 2019-10-18 | 东北大学 | A kind of balancing earth-pressure shielding machine optimized experimental facility and its application method |
| CN110320346A (en) * | 2019-07-24 | 2019-10-11 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Tunnelling centrifugal model test method |
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