CN108994065B - Preparation of multi-effect remediation agent for contaminated soil and remediation method thereof - Google Patents
Preparation of multi-effect remediation agent for contaminated soil and remediation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN108994065B CN108994065B CN201810733496.1A CN201810733496A CN108994065B CN 108994065 B CN108994065 B CN 108994065B CN 201810733496 A CN201810733496 A CN 201810733496A CN 108994065 B CN108994065 B CN 108994065B
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- B09—DISPOSAL OF SOLID WASTE; RECLAMATION OF CONTAMINATED SOIL
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- B09C1/00—Reclamation of contaminated soil
- B09C1/08—Reclamation of contaminated soil chemically
Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of soil remediation, and discloses a preparation method and a remediation method of a multi-effect remediation agent for contaminated soil. The preparation of the multi-effect repairing agent comprises the following steps: human and animal excrement, tea leaves, camphor tree wood dust, dewatered sludge, lithium carbonate, beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan, sodium percarbonate, sodium persulfate, tobacco cut tobacco, a water-retaining agent, Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), a biological fermentation inducer and quick lime are used as raw materials, a soil loosening agent, an organophosphorus pesticide treating agent, a benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent, a nicotine pesticide, a heavy metal cadmium treating agent, a pH regulator and the dewatered sludge are prepared, and the multiple-effect repairing agent is obtained by mixing the raw materials in a mass ratio of 1-2: 2-3: 4-6: 2-3: 3-5: 100; the multi-effect repair method comprises the following steps: mixing the multi-effect repairing agent with the polluted soil according to the mass ratio of 1: 2-2.5, controlling the water content and the composting temperature in a composting treatment mode, and obtaining the improved soil treated by the multi-effect repairing agent after 45 days.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of soil remediation, and particularly relates to a preparation method and a remediation method of a multi-effect remediation agent for contaminated soil.
Background
China has wide territory and different soil pollution phenomena or current situations, such as application of excessive pesticides and fertilizers, deposition of heavy metals and organic pollution of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, which bring certain damage to the ecological environment of soil. It is known that, among various soil contaminations, there are both soil contaminations having a relatively simple source or index of contamination and soil contaminations having a relatively complex source or index of contamination. The former adopts a highly targeted remediation technology, and the effect is generally obvious, for example, CN106984641A is used for heavy metal remediation, and CN106424109A is used for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon contaminated soil remediation: in the latter, due to the fact that the variety of pollutants in soil is large, the pollution combination type is complex, and the single restoration technology is difficult to achieve the restoration target.
In summary, for soil pollution and remediation of the soil with relatively complex pollution sources or pollution indexes, the existing remediation technology cannot be adapted to solve the remediation problem of the complex polluted soil in multiple directions and multiple dimensions, so that it is necessary to establish and provide a remediation agent with multiple remediation effects on the polluted soil and a remediation method thereof according to the classification of the pollution sources and the pollution indexes, such as organophosphorus pesticides, heavy metal cadmium, benzene series, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and the like.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to overcome the defects of the existing polluted soil remediation method, provide a technical scheme for preparing a multi-effect remediation agent for polluted soil and a remediation method thereof, and achieve the purpose of multi-effect remediation of the polluted soil with relatively complex pollution sources or pollution indexes.
The invention aims to provide a preparation method of a multi-effect repairing agent for polluted soil.
The latter object of the invention is to provide a multi-effect remediation method for contaminated soil.
For the former purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the preparation method of the multi-effect repairing agent for the polluted soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) raw materials: the biological fermentation agent consists of human and animal excrement, tea, camphor tree wood chips, dewatered sludge, lithium carbonate, beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan, sodium percarbonate, sodium persulfate, tobacco shreds, a water-retaining agent, Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), a biological fermentation inducer and quicklime;
(2) soil loosening agent: mixing and stirring the tea leaves and the camphor tree wood chips according to the mass ratio of 1: 20 until the mixture is uniform;
(3) organophosphorus pesticide treating agent: mixing and stirring lithium carbonate and beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan according to the mass ratio of 1: 8 until the lithium carbonate and the beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan are uniform;
(4) benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent: sodium percarbonate and sodium persulfate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1;
(5) nicotine pesticide: mixing, stirring and soaking tobacco shreds and hot water at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 4-6 hours according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, and filtering to remove nicotine extracting solution after tobacco shred residues;
(6) heavy metal cadmium treating agent: mixing and stirring the water-retaining agent and the EDTA according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.5 until the mixture is uniform;
(7) pH regulator: adjusting the pH value of the polluted soil in the remediation process by using quicklime and the dosage thereof;
(8) pretreatment of dewatered sludge: mixing and stirring human and animal excreta, a soil loosening agent and dehydrated sludge according to the mass ratio of 1: 6-10 until the mixture is uniform, and crushing the mixture to obtain pretreated dehydrated sludge with the particle diameter less than or equal to 2 cm;
(9) a multi-effect repairing agent: the biological fermentation inducer, the organophosphorus pesticide treating agent, the benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent, the nicotine pesticide, the heavy metal cadmium treating agent, the pH regulator and the pretreated dewatered sludge are mixed in a mass ratio of 1-2: 2-3: 4-6: 2-3: 3-5: 100 to obtain the multi-effect repairing agent.
The human and animal excrement is at least one of human, cattle, pig and poultry excrement which is dehydrated and then crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm.
The dewatered sludge is used for treating urban domestic sewage, is subjected to dewatering treatment and is crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm.
The tobacco shreds are in cigarette grade geometric dimension.
The water-retaining agent is at least one of potassium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate and starch grafted sodium polyacrylate.
The biological fermentation inducer is at least one of food-grade grain wine, fruit wine and edible alcohol.
The soil loosening agent, the organic phosphorus pesticide treating agent, the benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent, the nicotine pesticide, the heavy metal cadmium treating agent, the dewatered sludge pretreatment and the preparation or separate mixing of the multi-effect repairing agent are all prepared and operated at the environment temperature of more than the freezing point.
For the latter purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a multi-effect remediation method of polluted soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) mixing the multi-effect repairing agent and the polluted soil according to the mass ratio of 1: 2-2.5, and stirring until the mixture is uniform to obtain the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent;
(2) under the working conditions that the environmental temperature is higher than the freezing point and the pH value is higher than 7, the initial water content of the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent is controlled to be 50-60%, the polluted soil is kept still for 1 week in a composting mode and then is continuously piled for 6 days at the temperature of 50-60 ℃;
(3) continuously piling the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent, controlling the water content to be 30-40% in the process, turning and piling for 1 time at intervals of 2 weeks, and obtaining the improved soil subjected to the multi-effect repairing treatment after 45 days.
The polluted soil is the polluted soil which is crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm.
The multi-effect repairing agent is mixed with the polluted soil, and the biological fermentation inducer, the organic phosphorus pesticide treating agent, the benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent, the nicotine pesticide, the heavy metal cadmium treating agent, the pH regulator and the pretreated dewatered sludge which are separately mixed are sequentially put into the polluted soil.
Compared with the prior art, the invention provides the technical scheme for preparing the multi-effect repairing agent for the polluted soil and the repairing method thereof, and the preparation method has the following beneficial effects:
(1) human and animal excreta and dewatered sludge: as a typical high-efficiency fertilizer, the fertilizer contains rich nutrient components and trace elements necessary for plant growth, can effectively increase the fertility of the improved soil after restoration, relieve the hardening of the improved soil after restoration, and can realize the reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization of human and animal excreta and sludge;
(2) wood chips of camphor trees: the tea leaves have good effects of inhibiting bacteria, preventing, controlling, driving and killing plant diseases and insect pests, and can also promote the loosening of the improved soil after restoration and improve the physical properties of the improved soil after restoration;
(3) beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan, lithium carbonate: the residual organophosphorus pesticide in the polluted soil can be removed, and the contents of methyl parathion, phorate and methidathion in the polluted soil are reduced;
(4) water-retaining agent: the soil conditioner can not only preserve water and fertilizer, but also preserve heat and improve the permeability of soil pores, increase the water and fertilizer efficiency of the improved soil after remediation, and also has larger adsorption capacity on heavy metal cadmium in the polluted soil, so that the cadmium problem of the improved soil after remediation is obviously reduced;
(5) sodium percarbonate: as a composite oxide, the composite oxide not only has the effect of independently degrading organophosphorus pesticide, but also can be mixed with beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan and lithium carbonate for use to improve the degradation rate;
(6) sodium persulfate: sodium persulfate is activated by sodium percarbonate, and organic pollution such as benzene series, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and the like in the polluted soil can be degraded.
(7) Nicotine pesticide: namely the nicotine extract has good control effect on various crop pests, and has quick effect, low toxicity, no residue and no pollution;
in summary, for soil pollution with relatively complex pollution sources or pollution indexes, the invention conforms to the development trend of comprehensive soil remediation technology from single to combined and hybridized, and the preparation of the multi-effect remediation agent for the polluted soil and the remediation method thereof can overcome the defect of relatively single remediation effect in the prior art; by adopting a split mixing technical means, not only can the key point of remediation be directed at the polluted soil, but also the possible mutual influence between different treating agents and components thereof can be avoided; the multi-effect repairing agent has rich raw material sources, simple and practical preparation operation and safe and reliable repairing method.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, embodiments of the present invention will be described in further detail below.
The inventor researches and discovers that some raw materials and effective components thereof in the multi-effect repairing agent have direct repairing effect on certain pollution components, which shows that the effective components and the pollution components have strong pertinence. The method comprises the following steps:
(1) the beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan and lithium carbonate are added, so that the influence on the repair efficiency of methyl parathion, phorate and methidathion in the polluted soil is very high;
(2) only 2 per mill of water-retaining agent is added to repair the polluted soil, and after 60 days, the heavy metal cadmium in the soil is reduced by more than 20 percent;
(3) the treatment of adding the sodium polyacrylate in the sludge for composting not only meets the process requirements of oxygen supply, moisture preservation and the like of aerobic composting of the sludge with high water content and the composting promotion process of the aerobic composting, but also has obvious passivation effect on the heavy metal Zn, and the addition proportion of 1.0 percent is recommended from the economic perspective and the crop growth perspective;
(4) at 25 ℃, the ammonium polyacrylate can absorb more than 50% of the total adsorption amount of heavy metal ions within 30min, and the amount of the heavy metal absorbed on the ammonium polyacrylate increases along with the increase of the solution concentration;
(5) the sodium percarbonate not only has the effect of independently degrading organophosphorus pesticide, but also can be combined with beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan and lithium carbonate to improve the degradation rate;
(6) sodium persulfate is activated by an oxidant sodium percarbonate at the normal temperature of 25 ℃ and within the reaction time of 180min, so that the degradation rates of anthracene, pyrene and benzopyrene are respectively 96.8%, 93.5% and 96.8%, namely most polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon in the polluted soil is degraded; the activated sodium persulfate can also remove benzene, toluene, xylene and ethylbenzene, the xylene with the highest removal rate is the xylene, the benzene and the toluene with the lowest removal rate is the ethylbenzene, and the removal rates reach 83.35% and 77.42%;
(7) the required amount of the oxidants of different depths and different types of soil is greatly different when the polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon and benzene series are treated, the required amount of the upper layer is close to 50g/kg, the middle layer is between 20g/kg and 40g/kg, and the lowest lower layer is about 1g/kg to 7 g/kg;
(8) quicklime can adjust and control the pH value in the polluted soil remediation process, and can give and maintain the temperature required by composting by absorbing water and releasing heat;
(9) the nicotine extract is diluted by 5-6 times to prevent most aphids from reaching more than 93 percent, and the diluted 6-8 times to prevent red spider pests from reaching more than 94 percent.
Obviously, the pertinence between the effective components and the pollution components or the diseases and pests can not only support the step preparation mode of the organic phosphorus pesticide treating agent, the benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent, the nicotine pesticide, the heavy metal cadmium treating agent, the pH regulator and the dewatered sludge pretreatment in the multi-effect repairing agent, but also provide help for the preparation proportion of each treating agent.
The inventor also researches and discovers that the pH value of the dewatered sludge is basically neutral because the treated object is domestic sewage, and the dewatered sludge contains rich organic matters and trace elements and pollutants such as heavy metals and the like which do not exceed the standard. Obviously, the preparation of the multi-effect repairing agent for the polluted soil and the repairing method thereof can repair the polluted soil and also have a repairing effect on the dehydrated sludge. If the conventional preparation mode of the general remediation agent is adopted, namely the mode of mixing different components according to the formula ratio to prepare the remediation agent, the effective components in the multi-effect remediation agent can be caused to respond to and act on pollutants in the dewatered sludge in advance.
Therefore, the invention has one of the technical characteristics that the preparation of the multi-effect repairing agent for the polluted soil is in a split mixing mode, namely, the split mixing mode is real mixing and virtual mixing; the separate placement refers to separate placement before the multi-effect repairing agent is mixed with the polluted soil, and once the separate placement is changed into actual mixing, namely when the separately mixed biological fermentation inducer, the organic phosphorus pesticide treating agent, the benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent, the nicotine pesticide, the heavy metal cadmium treating agent, the pH regulator and the pretreated dehydrated sludge are sequentially put into the polluted soil, the repairing object is mainly the pollutant in the polluted soil to be repaired.
Similarly, the benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent is prepared, and is suitable for separate mixing due to possible advanced response of sodium persulfate activated by sodium percarbonate.
The invention will be further illustrated by the following specific examples.
Example 1
The preparation of the multi-effect repairing agent for the polluted soil is carried out at the temperature of the environment which is higher than the freezing point, and comprises the following steps:
(1) raw materials: the tobacco shred biological fermentation agent is composed of human and animal excrement, tea, camphor tree wood dust, dehydrated sludge, lithium carbonate, beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan, sodium percarbonate, sodium persulfate, cigarette-grade cut tobacco with geometric dimension, a water-retaining agent, EDTA, a biological fermentation inducer and quicklime;
(2) soil loosening agent: mixing and stirring the tea leaves and the camphor tree wood chips according to the mass ratio of 1: 20 until the mixture is uniform;
(3) organophosphorus pesticide treating agent: mixing and stirring lithium carbonate and beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan according to the mass ratio of 1: 8 until the lithium carbonate and the beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan are uniform;
(4) benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent: sodium percarbonate and sodium persulfate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1;
(5) nicotine pesticide: mixing, stirring and soaking cigarette-grade cut tobacco with hot water at 80 ℃ for 4 hours according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, and filtering to remove cut tobacco residues to obtain a nicotine extracting solution;
(6) heavy metal cadmium treating agent: mixing and stirring potassium polyacrylate and EDTA according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.5 until the mixture is uniform;
(7) pH regulator: adjusting the pH value of the polluted soil in the remediation process by using quicklime and the dosage thereof;
(8) pretreatment of dewatered sludge: mixing and stirring cow and pig manure crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm after dehydration, a soil loosening agent and dehydrated sludge used for urban domestic sewage treatment and subjected to dehydration treatment and crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1: 6, and crushing to obtain pretreated dehydrated sludge with the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm;
(9) a multi-effect repairing agent: food-grade grain wine, an organophosphorus pesticide treating agent, a benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent, a nicotine pesticide, a heavy metal cadmium treating agent, a pH regulator and the pretreated dewatered sludge are separately mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 2: 4: 2: 3: 100 to obtain the multi-effect repairing agent.
A multi-effect remediation method of polluted soil comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the multi-effect repairing agent and the polluted soil crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm according to the mass ratio of 1: 2, and stirring until the mixture is uniform to obtain the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent;
(2) under the working conditions that the environmental temperature is higher than the freezing point and the pH value is higher than 7, the initial water content of the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent is controlled to be 50 percent, the polluted soil is kept still for 1 week in a composting mode and then is continuously piled for 6 days at the temperature of 50 ℃;
(3) continuously piling the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent, controlling the water content to be 30% in the process, turning and piling for 1 time at intervals of 2 weeks, and obtaining the improved soil subjected to the multi-effect repairing treatment after 45 days;
the multi-effect repairing agent is mixed with polluted soil which is crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm, and the biological fermentation inducer, the organic phosphorus pesticide treating agent, the benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent, the nicotine pesticide, the heavy metal cadmium treating agent, the pH regulator and the pretreated dewatered sludge which are separately mixed are sequentially put into the polluted soil.
Can prevent and control aphids and armyworms, has the functions of inhibiting and killing ova, reduces the content of the methyl thiophosphoryl insecticide by 70.9 percent, reduces the content of the phorate pesticide by 71.3 percent and reduces the content of heavy metal cadmium by 75.5 percent.
Example 2
The preparation of the multi-effect repairing agent for the polluted soil is carried out at the temperature of the environment which is higher than the freezing point, and comprises the following steps:
(1) raw materials: the tobacco shred biological fermentation agent is composed of human and animal excrement, tea, camphor tree wood dust, dehydrated sludge, lithium carbonate, beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan, sodium percarbonate, sodium persulfate, cigarette-grade cut tobacco with geometric dimension, a water-retaining agent, EDTA, a biological fermentation inducer and quicklime;
(2) soil loosening agent: mixing and stirring the tea leaves and the camphor tree wood chips according to the mass ratio of 1: 20 until the mixture is uniform;
(3) organophosphorus pesticide treating agent: mixing and stirring lithium carbonate and beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan according to the mass ratio of 1: 8 until the lithium carbonate and the beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan are uniform;
(4) benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent: sodium percarbonate and sodium persulfate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1;
(5) nicotine pesticide: mixing, stirring and soaking cigarette-grade cut tobacco with hot water at 70 ℃ for 5 hours according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, and filtering to remove cut tobacco residues to obtain a nicotine extracting solution;
(6) heavy metal cadmium treating agent: mixing and stirring ammonium polyacrylate and EDTA according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.5 until the mixture is uniform;
(7) pH regulator: adjusting the pH value of the polluted soil in the remediation process by using quicklime and the dosage thereof;
(8) pretreatment of dewatered sludge: mixing and stirring cow dung crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm after dehydration, a soil loosening agent and dehydrated sludge used for urban domestic sewage treatment and subjected to dehydration treatment and crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1: 8, and crushing to obtain pretreated dehydrated sludge with the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm;
(9) a multi-effect repairing agent: food-grade fruit wine, an organophosphorus pesticide treating agent, a benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent, a nicotine pesticide, a heavy metal cadmium treating agent, a pH regulator and the pretreated dewatered sludge are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1.5: 2.5: 5: 2.5: 4: 100 to obtain the multi-effect repairing agent.
A multi-effect remediation method of polluted soil comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the multi-effect repairing agent and the polluted soil crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.3, and stirring until the mixture is uniform to obtain the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent;
(2) under the working conditions that the environmental temperature is higher than the freezing point and the pH value is higher than 7, the initial water content of the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent is controlled to be 55 percent, the polluted soil is kept still for 1 week in a composting mode and then is continuously piled for 6 days at the temperature of 55 ℃;
(3) continuously stacking the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent, controlling the water content to be 35% in the period, turning and stacking for 1 time at intervals of 2 weeks, and obtaining the improved soil subjected to the multi-effect repairing treatment after 45 days;
the multi-effect repairing agent is mixed with polluted soil which is crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm, and the biological fermentation inducer, the organic phosphorus pesticide treating agent, the benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent, the nicotine pesticide, the heavy metal cadmium treating agent, the pH regulator and the pretreated dewatered sludge which are separately mixed are sequentially put into the polluted soil.
Can prevent and control aphids and armyworms, has the functions of inhibiting and killing ova, reduces the content of the methyl thiophosphoryl insecticide by 72.5 percent, reduces the content of the phorate pesticide by 73.2 percent and reduces the content of heavy metal cadmium by 76.3 percent.
Example 3
The preparation of the multi-effect repairing agent for the polluted soil is carried out at the temperature of the environment which is higher than the freezing point, and comprises the following steps:
(1) raw materials: the tobacco shred biological fermentation agent is composed of human and animal excrement, tea, camphor tree wood dust, dehydrated sludge, lithium carbonate, beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan, sodium percarbonate, sodium persulfate, cigarette-grade cut tobacco with geometric dimension, a water-retaining agent, EDTA, a biological fermentation inducer and quicklime;
(2) soil loosening agent: mixing and stirring the tea leaves and the camphor tree wood chips according to the mass ratio of 1: 20 until the mixture is uniform;
(3) organophosphorus pesticide treating agent: mixing and stirring lithium carbonate and beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan according to the mass ratio of 1: 8 until the lithium carbonate and the beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan are uniform;
(4) benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent: sodium percarbonate and sodium persulfate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1;
(5) nicotine pesticide: mixing, stirring and soaking cigarette-grade cut tobacco with hot water at 60 ℃ for 6 hours according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, and filtering to remove cut tobacco residues to obtain a nicotine extracting solution;
(6) heavy metal cadmium treating agent: mixing and stirring starch grafted sodium polyacrylate and EDTA according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.5 until the mixture is uniform;
(7) pH regulator: adjusting the pH value of the polluted soil in the remediation process by using quicklime and the dosage thereof;
(8) pretreatment of dewatered sludge: mixing and stirring pig manure crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm after dehydration, a soil loosening agent and dehydrated sludge used for urban domestic sewage treatment and subjected to dehydration treatment and crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm uniformly according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, and crushing to obtain pretreated dehydrated sludge with the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm;
(9) a multi-effect repairing agent: edible alcohol, an organophosphorus pesticide treating agent, a benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent, a nicotine pesticide, a heavy metal cadmium treating agent, a pH regulator and the pretreated dewatered sludge are separately mixed according to the mass ratio of 2: 3: 6: 3: 5: 100 to obtain the multi-effect repairing agent.
A multi-effect remediation method of polluted soil comprises the following steps:
(1) mixing the multi-effect repairing agent and the polluted soil crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm according to the mass ratio of 1: 2.5, and stirring until the mixture is uniform to obtain the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent;
(2) under the working conditions that the environmental temperature is higher than the freezing point and the pH value is higher than 7, the initial water content of the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent is controlled to be 60 percent, the polluted soil is kept still for 1 week in a composting mode and then is continuously piled for 6 days at the temperature of 60 ℃;
(3) continuously stacking the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent, controlling the water content to be 40% in the period, turning and stacking for 1 time at intervals of 2 weeks, and obtaining the improved soil subjected to the multi-effect repairing treatment after 45 days;
the multi-effect repairing agent is mixed with polluted soil which is crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm, and the biological fermentation inducer, the organic phosphorus pesticide treating agent, the benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent, the nicotine pesticide, the heavy metal cadmium treating agent, the pH regulator and the pretreated dewatered sludge which are separately mixed are sequentially put into the polluted soil.
Can prevent and control aphids and armyworms, has the functions of inhibiting and killing ova, reduces the content of the methyl thiophosphoryl insecticide by 77.6 percent, reduces the content of the phorate pesticide by 74.9 percent and reduces the content of heavy metal cadmium by 79.7 percent.
Claims (10)
1. A preparation method of a multi-effect repairing agent for polluted soil is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) raw materials: the biological fermentation agent consists of human and animal excrement, tea, camphor tree wood chips, dewatered sludge, lithium carbonate, beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan, sodium percarbonate, sodium persulfate, tobacco shreds, a water-retaining agent, Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid (EDTA), a biological fermentation inducer and quicklime;
(2) soil loosening agent: mixing and stirring the tea leaves and the camphor tree wood chips according to the mass ratio of 1: 20 until the mixture is uniform;
(3) organophosphorus pesticide treating agent: mixing and stirring lithium carbonate and beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan according to the mass ratio of 1: 8 until the lithium carbonate and the beta-1, 3-1, 4-glucan are uniform;
(4) benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent: sodium percarbonate and sodium persulfate are mixed according to the mass ratio of 1: 1;
(5) nicotine pesticide: mixing, stirring and soaking tobacco shreds and hot water at the temperature of 60-80 ℃ for 4-6 hours according to the mass ratio of 1: 10, and filtering to remove nicotine extracting solution after tobacco shred residues;
(6) heavy metal cadmium treating agent: mixing and stirring the water-retaining agent and the EDTA according to the mass ratio of 1: 0.5 until the mixture is uniform;
(7) pH regulator: adjusting the pH value of the polluted soil in the remediation process by using quicklime and the dosage thereof;
(8) pretreatment of dewatered sludge: mixing and stirring human and animal excreta, a soil loosening agent and dehydrated sludge according to the mass ratio of 1: 6-10 until the mixture is uniform, and crushing the mixture to obtain pretreated dehydrated sludge with the particle diameter less than or equal to 2 cm;
(9) a multi-effect repairing agent: the biological fermentation inducer, the organophosphorus pesticide treating agent, the benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treating agent, the nicotine pesticide, the heavy metal cadmium treating agent, the pH regulator and the pretreated dewatered sludge are mixed in a mass ratio of 1-2: 2-3: 4-6: 2-3: 3-5: 100 to obtain the multi-effect repairing agent.
2. The method for preparing the multi-effect restoration agent for the polluted soil according to claim 1, wherein the human and animal excrements are at least one of human, cow, pig and poultry excrements which are dehydrated and then crushed to have a particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm.
3. The method for preparing the multi-effect restoration agent for the polluted soil according to claim 1, wherein the dehydrated sludge is the dehydrated sludge which is used for urban domestic sewage treatment, is subjected to dehydration treatment and is crushed to the particle diameter of less than or equal to 2 cm.
4. The method for preparing the multi-effect restoration agent for the polluted soil according to claim 1, wherein the tobacco shreds are cigarette-grade tobacco shreds in geometric size.
5. The method for preparing the multi-effect repairing agent for contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the water retaining agent is at least one of potassium polyacrylate, ammonium polyacrylate and starch grafted sodium polyacrylate.
6. The method for preparing the multi-effect restoration agent for the polluted soil according to claim 1, wherein the biological fermentation inducer is at least one of food-grade grain wine, fruit wine and edible alcohol.
7. The preparation method of the multi-effect remediation agent for contaminated soil according to claim 1, wherein the preparation or separate mixing of the soil loosening agent, the organic phosphorus pesticide treatment agent, the benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treatment agent, the nicotine pesticide, the heavy metal cadmium treatment agent, the dewatered sludge pretreatment and the multi-effect remediation agent is carried out at an ambient temperature above the freezing point.
8. A multi-effect remediation method using the multi-effect remediation agent for contaminated soil of claim 1, comprising the steps of:
(1) mixing the multi-effect repairing agent and the polluted soil according to the mass ratio of 1: 2-2.5, and stirring until the mixture is uniform to obtain the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent;
(2) under the working conditions that the environmental temperature is higher than the freezing point and the pH value is higher than 7, the initial water content of the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent is controlled to be 50-60%, the polluted soil is kept still for 1 week in a composting mode and then is continuously piled for 6 days at the temperature of 50-60 ℃;
(3) continuously piling the polluted soil containing the multi-effect repairing agent, controlling the water content to be 30-40% in the process, turning and piling for 1 time at intervals of 2 weeks, and obtaining the improved soil subjected to the multi-effect repairing treatment after 45 days.
9. The multi-effect remediation method of claim 8, wherein the contaminated soil is a contaminated soil that has been crushed to a particle diameter of 2 cm or less.
10. The multi-effect remediation method of claim 8, wherein the multi-effect remediation agent is mixed with the contaminated soil by sequentially adding the separately mixed biofermentation inducer, organic phosphorus pesticide treatment agent, benzene series and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon treatment agent, nicotine pesticide, heavy metal cadmium treatment agent, pH regulator, and pretreated dewatered sludge to the contaminated soil.
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