CN115945511A - Agricultural pollution soil treatment method and application thereof - Google Patents
Agricultural pollution soil treatment method and application thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN115945511A CN115945511A CN202210701655.6A CN202210701655A CN115945511A CN 115945511 A CN115945511 A CN 115945511A CN 202210701655 A CN202210701655 A CN 202210701655A CN 115945511 A CN115945511 A CN 115945511A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02W—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
- Y02W30/00—Technologies for solid waste management
- Y02W30/40—Bio-organic fraction processing; Production of fertilisers from the organic fraction of waste or refuse
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Abstract
The invention discloses a soil treatment method for agricultural pollution, which can effectively realize the passivation and fixation of heavy metal ions in soil by adding a soil conditioner, biomass particles and livestock wastes into the ploughed polluted soil, improve the tolerance of crops to heavy metals, improve the acidity of the soil, adjust the structure of the soil, increase the bulkiness of the soil, further adjust the water, fertilizer and gas heat of the soil, increase the permeability of the soil and improve the fertilizer retention and supply effects of the soil. In addition, the soil conditioner can also increase the stability of soil granules, provide more mineral nutrients for soil, effectively regulate and control the formation of nutrient elements in the soil, promote the generation and growth of active enzymes and beneficial flora in a system, inhibit the reproduction of harmful bacteria, better increase the nutrient content and water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil and achieve a good repairing effect on the farmland soil polluted by heavy metals.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of soil pollution treatment, C05G3/04, in particular to an agricultural pollution soil treatment method and application thereof.
Background
The agricultural pollution refers to pollution of pollutants which are generated in agricultural activities and resident lives in rural areas but are not treated on rivers, soil, atmosphere and agricultural products. The main heavy metal pollution in the soil pollution comprises farmland heavy metal pollution, and the heavy metal pollution not only influences the inherent structure of the soil, reduces the soil fertility and the crop yield and quality, but also can cause the absorption of crops, thereby causing the occurrence of human health problems. The main sources of the fertilizer are domestic wastewater and chemical fertilizers. In the prior art, the heavy metal soil remediation technology mainly comprises three technologies of immobilization/stabilization and technicalization, wherein the immobilization/stabilization is commonly used, and effective components are added into soil to inhibit the migration and activity of heavy metals, so that the toxicity of the heavy metals is reduced, and the remediation effect on the soil is realized.
Patent CN201911207690.7 discloses a heavy metal agricultural soil remediation method, which comprises the steps of immobilizing biochar, bentonite, crown ether complex calcium modified starch and nitrosomonas on a porous carrier to obtain a soil remediation agent, acting on contaminated soil, and remedying the soil by combining a chemical method and a biological method, wherein the soil structure can be improved, the adsorption effect on heavy metals is increased, but the fertility in the soil cannot be improved, and the propagation of excellent flora is inhibited. Patent CN201711327304.9 discloses a heavy metal cadmium contaminated soil remediation improver and a preparation method thereof, and the improver is prepared by grinding urea, calcium superphosphate, potassium chloride, lime, biochar and fly ash, mixing the ground materials with wood vinegar acid water, and granulating the mixture.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems, a first aspect of the present invention provides a method for treating agricultural contaminated soil, comprising the steps of:
(1) Ploughing the soil to be treated and then air-drying;
(2) Adding a soil conditioner to the soil surface treated in the step (1) by throwing, and turning over;
(3) Adding biomass particles into the soil treated in the step (2), stirring and mixing, adding livestock and poultry wastes, and continuing ploughing;
(4) And (4) planting crops in the soil treated in the step (3) for 1 season or more, so that safe recycled soil can be obtained.
Preferably, the step (2) is specifically operated as follows: and (2) adding a soil conditioner on the surface of the soil treated in the step (1) by throwing, ploughing and stirring until the soil is uniformly mixed, then adding water to keep the water content of the soil within the range of 65-85%, and culturing for 7-10 days.
In some preferred embodiments, the amount of the soil conditioner in the step (2) is 3 to 15wt% of the soil to be treated after air drying; preferably, the amount of the soil conditioner in the step (2) is 5.6wt% of the soil to be treated after air drying.
In some preferred embodiments, the raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner in the step (2) comprise inorganic particles, organic components and auxiliaries.
In some preferred embodiments, the weight ratio of the inorganic particles, the organic component and the auxiliary agent is 1: (0.5-1.5): (0.3 to 0.9); preferably, the weight ratio of the inorganic particles, the organic component and the auxiliary agent is 1: (0.5-1): (0.4-0.7); further preferably, the weight ratio of the inorganic particles, the organic component and the auxiliary agent is 1:0.8:0.6.
in some preferred embodiments, the inorganic particles are selected from one or more of calcium hydroxide, sodium methyl sulfate, calcium carbonate, hydroxyapatite, sepiolite, zinc amino acid chelate, bentonite, zeolite, lime, potassium chloride, potassium perphosphate; preferably, the inorganic particles are calcium hydroxide and bentonite.
In some preferred embodiments, the weight ratio of calcium hydroxide to bentonite is 1: (0.55-1.25); preferably, the weight ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the bentonite is 1: (0.6 to 0.9); further preferably, the weight ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the bentonite is 1:0.7.
in some preferred embodiments, the calcium hydroxide has an average particle size of 200 to 500 mesh and a packing area of 400 to 700kg/m 3 (ii) a Preferably, the calcium hydroxide has an average particle size of 200 mesh and a stacking area of 500kg/m 3 。
In some preferred embodiments, the bentonite has a particle size in the range of 0.05 to 10 μm and a porosity in the range of 10 to 25%; preferably, the bentonite has a particle size in the range of 0.05 to 2.0 μm and a porosity of 20%.
The soil conditioner is added with heavy metals capable of passivating soil and improving the acidity of the soil. The applicant finds that when the inorganic particles in the soil conditioner are calcium hydroxide and bentonite, the soil conditioner is also beneficial to adjusting the soil structure, reducing the salt content of the soil and increasing the filling power of the soil. Presumably, calcium hydroxide is a dibasic base which, when dissolved, increases the pH of the soil, whereas bentonite has two silicon-oxygen tetrahedra sandwiching a layer of aluminous octahedra consisting of 2:1 type lamellar crystal structure, its special interlaminar domain has adsorption action well to heavy metal ion, can increase the quantity of soil aggregate simultaneously, increase soil porosity, accomplish improve with the exchange of other positive ions in the soil, the two synergism, the absorption fixed action to heavy metal ion has been increased, passivation and fixed action to heavy metal ion in the soil have been promoted, can effectively cooperate the liquid manure gas heat of regulation soil, increase the permeability of soil, improve its fertilizer that keeps and supply fertile effect, the realization is to the preliminary repairing action of soil.
In some preferred embodiments, the organic component is selected from one of straw stalk, fly ash, mountain green bean slough, corn stover, wheat straw biochar; preferably, the organic components are rice straw and wheat straw.
In some preferred embodiments, the weight ratio of the rice straw stalk to the wheat straw stalk is 1: (1-2); preferably, the weight ratio of the rice straw and the wheat straw is 1:1.2.
in some preferred embodiments, the organic component is subjected to a size reduction treatment.
In some preferred embodiments, the organic component has a particle size in the range of 2 to 7.5mm; preferably, the particle size of the organic component ranges from 2.5 to 3mm.
The addition of calcium hydroxide can enhance the passivation and fixation effects of heavy metal ions, kill beneficial bacteria, earthworms and other beneficial organisms in soil, destroy the soil environment and reduce the content of organic matters. By adding the organic components into the soil conditioner, organic nutrition required by soil can be supplemented in time. Particularly, when the organic units are decomposed rice straws and wheat straws, soil hardening can be further prevented, the number of microorganisms and soil aggregate structures in the soil can be increased, the volume weight of the soil is further reduced, and the ecological system of a farmland is improved. The applicant has found that when the weight ratio of the rice straw stalk to the wheat straw stalk is 1: (1-2), can further improve the water retention and fertilizer supply capacity of the soil, reduce the using amount of the fertilizer and promote the growth of crops.
In some preferred embodiments, the adjuvant is selected from one or more of pyroligneous liquor, potassium brownie, sodium dodecylbenzene sulphonate, dodecylbenzene sulphonic acid, ethanolamine salts, triethanolamine salts; preferably, the auxiliary agents are potassium humate and triethanolamine.
In some preferred embodiments, the weight ratio of the brown humic acid potassium and the triethanolamine is 1: (0.25 to 0.79); preferably, the weight ratio of the brown humic acid potassium to the triethanolamine is 1:0.4.
but the straw organic matter has the problems of slow degradation speed, easy induction of plant diseases and insect pests and the like. The addition of the auxiliary agents of potassium fulvate and triethanolamine in the system can provide an excellent environment for beneficial microorganisms, promote the growth of the beneficial microorganisms and further propagate harmful bacteria in a large quantity. In addition, the fixing effect on the heavy metals can be further enhanced, the tolerance of crops to the heavy metals is improved, a certain bonding effect on soil can be achieved, the stability of soil aggregates is improved, meanwhile, various active groups contained in the auxiliary agent can be used as active substances, the absorption capacity on fertilizers such as nitrogen fertilizers and potassium fertilizers is facilitated, the ecological environment is further improved, and the growth of the crops is promoted.
In some preferred embodiments, the soil conditioner is prepared by the following method: mixing the decomposed organic component with inorganic particles and an auxiliary agent to obtain the composite material.
In some preferred embodiments, the specific operation of the decomposition treatment is: mixing the crushed organic components, adding urea and water to obtain a mixture, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture to be 20-25: 1, the water content of the mixture is 50-60%, then EM bacterial liquid with 5-10 wt% of organic components is added at 60-65 ℃ for composting for 25-34 days, the pile is turned for 2 times every day in the first three days, and the pile is turned once every 5 days later.
Preferably, the specific operation of step (3) is: adding biomass particles into the soil treated in the step (2), stirring and mixing, adding livestock and poultry wastes, keeping the water content of the soil at 45-55%, ploughing once every day, and culturing for 7-10 days to obtain the fertilizer.
In some preferred embodiments, the amount of biomass particles used in step (3) is 8 to 25wt% of the soil obtained in step (2); preferably, the amount of the biomass particles in the step (3) is 13wt% of the soil obtained in the step (2).
In some preferred embodiments, the biomass particles in step (3) are selected from one or more of straw charcoal, peanut shell charcoal, coconut shell charcoal, activated carbon, sawdust charcoal, bamboo charcoal, medical stone powder and fly ash; preferably, the biomass particles in the step (3) are straw charcoal and fly ash.
In some preferred embodiments, the straw char and fly ash are present in a weight ratio of 1: (0.2 to 1.5); preferably, the weight ratio of the straw carbon to the fly ash is 1:0.5.
in some preferred embodiments, the iodine value of the straw carbon is 500-800 mg/g, and the mesh number is 100-400 meshes; preferably, the iodine value of the straw carbon is 600mg/g, and the mesh number is 325 meshes.
The biomass particles can provide rich organic matters and improve the fertility of the soil. The applicant finds that when biomass particles, particularly straw carbon and coal ash, are added into soil treated by adding a soil conditioner, the weight ratio of the biomass particles to the coal ash is 1: (0.2-1.5), and the synergistic effect, the special hole structure not only can further increase the fixation effect on the heavy metal content in the soil, remove pesticide residues, but also can provide more mineral nutrients for the soil, effectively regulate and control the formation of nutrient elements in the soil, promote the generation and growth of active enzymes and beneficial flora in the system, better increase the nutrient content of the soil, and achieve a good repairing effect on the farmland soil polluted by heavy metals.
In some preferred embodiments, the amount of the livestock and poultry waste in the step (3) is 0.3 to 1wt% of the soil obtained in the step (2); preferably, the amount of the livestock and poultry waste in the step (3) is 0.75wt% of the soil obtained in the step (2).
In some preferred embodiments, the livestock and poultry waste in step (3) is selected from one or more of chicken manure, pig manure, dog manure, sheep manure, duck manure, cow manure, and human manure; preferably, the livestock and poultry waste in the step (3) is chicken manure.
The invention provides an application of the agricultural pollution soil treatment method, which is used for the soil treatment of farmland pollution.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
through adding soil amendment, living beings granule, birds poultry discarded object in the contaminated soil after ploughing in this application, can effectively realize in the soil heavy metal ion's passivation and fixed, improve the crop to heavy metal's tolerance, can improve the acidity of soil moreover, adjust the structure of soil, increase the fluffy degree of soil, and then adjust the liquid manure gas heat of soil, increase the permeability of soil, improve its fertilizer retaining and supply fertile effect. In addition, the soil conditioner can also increase the stability of soil granules, provide more mineral nutrients for soil, effectively regulate and control the formation of nutrient elements in the soil, promote the generation and growth of active enzymes and beneficial flora in a system, inhibit the reproduction of harmful bacteria, better increase the nutrient content and water and fertilizer retention capacity of the soil and achieve a good repairing effect on the farmland soil polluted by heavy metals.
Detailed Description
Example 1
1. A soil treatment method for agricultural pollution comprises the following steps:
(1) Ploughing the soil to be treated and then air-drying;
(2) Adding a soil conditioner on the surface of the soil treated in the step (1) by throwing, and ploughing;
(3) Adding biomass particles into the soil treated in the step (2), stirring and mixing, adding livestock and poultry wastes, and continuing ploughing.
(4) And (4) planting crops in the soil treated in the step (3) for 2 seasons to obtain safe and recyclable soil.
The step (2) specifically comprises the following operations: and (2) adding a soil conditioner on the surface of the soil treated in the step (1) by throwing, ploughing and stirring until the soil conditioner is uniformly mixed with the soil, then adding water to keep the water content of the soil within the range of 73-75%, and culturing for 10 days.
The dosage of the soil conditioner in the step (2) is 5.6wt% of the soil to be treated after air drying.
The raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner in the step (2) comprise inorganic particles, organic components and auxiliaries.
The weight ratio of the inorganic particles, the organic components and the auxiliary agent is 1:0.8:0.6.
the inorganic particles are calcium hydroxide and bentonite.
The weight ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the bentonite is 1:0.7.
the calcium hydroxide has an average particle diameter of 200 meshes and a stacking area of 500kg/m 3 (Hebeichung Yongchen New Material science and technology Co., ltd.).
The particle size range of the bentonite is 0.05-2.0 mu m, and the porosity is 20% (Hebei Hengyue mineral products Co., ltd.).
The organic components are rice straw and wheat straw (both from Nanyang Fengrui straw comprehensive utilization Co., ltd.).
The weight ratio of the rice straw to the wheat straw is 1:1.2.
the organic component is subjected to a pulverization treatment.
The particle size range of the organic component is 2.5-3 mm.
The auxiliary agent is potassium humate and triethanolamine.
The weight ratio of the brown humic acid potassium to the triethanolamine is 1:0.4.
the preparation method of the soil conditioner comprises the following steps: mixing the decomposed organic component with inorganic particles and an auxiliary agent to obtain the composite material.
The specific operation of the decomposition treatment is as follows: mixing the crushed organic components, adding urea and water to obtain a mixture, and adjusting the carbon-nitrogen ratio of the mixture to be 23:1, adding EM bacterial liquid with the water content of 55 percent and the weight percent of 6.2 percent of organic components at 65 ℃ for composting for 30 days, turning the pile for 2 times every day in the first three days, and then turning the pile for once every 5 days.
The specific operation of the step (3) is as follows: adding biomass particles into the soil treated in the step (2), stirring and mixing, adding livestock and poultry wastes, keeping the water content of the soil at 50%, ploughing once every day, and culturing for 9 days to obtain the fertilizer.
The using amount of the biomass particles in the step (3) is 13wt% of the soil obtained in the step (2).
The biomass particles in the step (3) are straw charcoal and fly ash (purchased from Huixin mining processing factory in Lingshou county).
The weight ratio of the straw carbon to the fly ash is 1:0.5.
the iodine value of the straw carbon is 600mg/g, and the mesh number is 325 meshes (Henan Xingyuan environmental protection materials Co., ltd.).
The using amount of the livestock and poultry waste in the step (3) is 0.75wt% of the soil obtained in the step (2).
The livestock and poultry waste in the step (3) is chicken manure.
2. An application of the soil treating method for agricultural pollution is disclosed.
Example 2
1. The difference between the method for treating the agricultural pollution soil and the embodiment 1 is that:
the dosage of the soil conditioner in the step (2) is 18wt% of the soil to be treated after air drying.
2. The application of the soil treatment method for agricultural pollution is the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 1
1. The difference between the method for treating the agricultural pollution soil and the embodiment 1 is that:
the weight ratio of the calcium hydroxide to the bentonite is 1:1.5.
2. the application of the soil treatment method for agricultural pollution is the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 2
1. The difference between the method for treating the agricultural pollution soil and the embodiment 1 is that:
the organic component is straw stalk.
2. The application of the soil treatment method for agricultural pollution is the same as the example 1.
Comparative example 3
1. The difference between the method for treating the agricultural pollution soil and the embodiment 1 is that:
the weight ratio of the brown humic acid potassium to the triethanolamine is 1:1.
2. the application of the soil treatment method for agricultural pollution is the same as the example 1.
Performance testing
1. pH: carrying out pH detection on the soil before and after treatment;
2. heavy metal content: according to the national standard GB15618-2008, the content of heavy metals before and after soil remediation is detected, and the removal rate of the content of the heavy metals is calculated.
Results of Performance test of examples and comparative examples
Claims (10)
1. A soil treatment method for agricultural pollution is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) Ploughing the soil to be treated and then air-drying;
(2) Adding a soil conditioner on the surface of the soil treated in the step (1) by throwing, and ploughing;
(3) Adding biomass particles into the soil treated in the step (2), stirring and mixing, adding livestock and poultry wastes, and continuing ploughing;
(4) And (4) planting crops in the soil treated in the step (3) for 1 season or more, so that safe recycled soil can be obtained.
2. The agricultural contaminated soil remediation method of claim 1, wherein said step (2) is specifically performed by: and (2) adding a soil conditioner on the surface of the soil treated in the step (1) by throwing, ploughing and stirring until the soil conditioner is uniformly mixed with the soil, then adding water to keep the water content of the soil within a range of 65-85%, and culturing for 7-10 days.
3. The method for controlling agricultural contaminated soil according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the raw materials for preparing the soil conditioner in the step (2) comprise inorganic particles, organic components and auxiliaries;
the weight ratio of the inorganic particles, the organic components and the auxiliary agent is 1: (0.5-1.5): (0.3-0.9).
4. The method according to claim 3, wherein the inorganic particles are selected from one or more of calcium hydroxide, sodium methyl sulfate, calcium carbonate, hydroxyapatite, sepiolite, zinc amino acid chelate, bentonite, zeolite, lime, potassium chloride, potassium perphosphate;
the organic component is selected from one of straw stalk, fly ash, mountain green soybean desquamate, corn stalk and wheat stalk biochar;
the auxiliary agent is selected from one or more of pyroligneous, brown humic acid potassium, sodium dodecyl benzene sulfonate, dodecyl benzene sulfonic acid, ethanolamine salt, triethanolamine and triethanolamine salt.
5. The method for controlling agricultural contaminated soil according to claim 4, wherein said inorganic particles are calcium hydroxide and bentonite;
the calcium hydroxide has an average particle diameter of 200 to 500 mesh and a stacking area of 400 to 700kg/m 3 ；
The particle size range of the bentonite is 0.05-10 mu m, and the porosity is 10-25%.
6. The method of claim 4, wherein the adjuvant is potassium humate and triethanolamine;
the weight ratio of the brown humic acid potassium to the triethanolamine is 1: (0.25-0.79).
7. The method for treating the soil polluted by the agriculture, according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the biomass particles in the step (3) is 8-25 wt% of the soil obtained in the step (2);
the biomass particles in the step (3) are selected from one or more of straw carbon, peanut shell carbon, coconut shell carbon, activated carbon, sawdust carbon, bamboo charcoal, medical stone powder and fly ash.
8. The method for treating the agricultural pollution soil according to claim 7, wherein the biomass particles in the step (3) are straw carbon and fly ash;
the weight ratio of the straw carbon to the fly ash is 1: (0.2-1.5).
9. The soil treatment method of agricultural pollution according to claim 1, wherein the amount of the livestock and poultry waste in the step (3) is 0.3-1 wt% of the soil obtained in the step (2);
the livestock and poultry waste in the step (3) is one or more selected from chicken manure, pig manure, dog manure, sheep manure, duck manure, cow manure and human manure.
10. Use of a method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 for the treatment of soil contaminated with agricultural land.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210701655.6A CN115945511A (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Agricultural pollution soil treatment method and application thereof |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202210701655.6A CN115945511A (en) | 2022-06-20 | 2022-06-20 | Agricultural pollution soil treatment method and application thereof |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116855258A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-10-10 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所(贵州省生态农业工程技术研究中心)(贵州省农业资源与环境研究所) | Salt-resistant agricultural water-retaining agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN116903414A (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2023-10-20 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Automatic conditioner capable of continuously treating agricultural non-point source phosphorus pollution and preparation method and application thereof |
-
2022
- 2022-06-20 CN CN202210701655.6A patent/CN115945511A/en not_active Withdrawn
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN116855258A (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2023-10-10 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所(贵州省生态农业工程技术研究中心)(贵州省农业资源与环境研究所) | Salt-resistant agricultural water-retaining agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN116855258B (en) * | 2023-07-10 | 2024-05-03 | 贵州省土壤肥料研究所(贵州省生态农业工程技术研究中心)(贵州省农业资源与环境研究所) | Salt-resistant agricultural water-retaining agent and preparation method thereof |
| CN116903414A (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2023-10-20 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Automatic conditioner capable of continuously treating agricultural non-point source phosphorus pollution and preparation method and application thereof |
| CN116903414B (en) * | 2023-09-13 | 2024-02-23 | 江苏省农业科学院 | Application of automatic conditioner in sustainable treatment of agricultural non-point source phosphorus pollution |
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Application publication date: 20230411 |