CN108990448B - Onion precision seeding, fertilizing and weeding integrated machine - Google Patents
Onion precision seeding, fertilizing and weeding integrated machine Download PDFInfo
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- CN108990448B CN108990448B CN201811044232.1A CN201811044232A CN108990448B CN 108990448 B CN108990448 B CN 108990448B CN 201811044232 A CN201811044232 A CN 201811044232A CN 108990448 B CN108990448 B CN 108990448B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M21/00—Apparatus for the destruction of unwanted vegetation, e.g. weeds
- A01M21/04—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity
- A01M21/043—Apparatus for destruction by steam, chemicals, burning, or electricity by chemicals
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Abstract
The invention relates to a green Chinese onion precision seeding, fertilizing and weeding integrated machine which comprises a frame, a soil preparation roller, a ditching and earthing device, a fertilizing device, an air suction seeding device, a pressing roller and a herbicide spraying device, wherein the soil preparation roller, the ditching and earthing device, the fertilizing device, the air suction seeding device, the pressing roller and the herbicide spraying device are arranged on the frame; the ditching and earthing device is positioned on the frame behind the soil preparation roller; the air-suction roller-type seed sowing device is positioned above the ditching and soil covering device; the pressing roller is positioned behind the air suction roller type seed sowing device; the herbicide spraying device is positioned above the pressing roller at the rear side of the frame; a plurality of groups of seed cleaning needles and seed scrapers are respectively arranged above and below the roller; the invention can synchronously realize the functions of sowing, fertilizing, spraying herbicide and the like, and the onion seeds are uniformly distributed in the seed furrows after sowing, so that the subsequent manual thinning link is omitted.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a precise onion sowing, fertilizing and weeding integrated machine, and belongs to the technical field of sowing equipment.
Background
The green Chinese onions are used as important vegetable crops in China, the market demand is very large, and the existing green Chinese onion sowing mainly takes manpower as a main part. The existing green Chinese onion seeder on the market mainly adopts a cellular wheel type seed sowing device to seed, so that the precise sowing of green Chinese onion cannot be realized, the distribution of green Chinese onion seeds in seed grooves is uneven, and the follow-up manual thinning is also needed. In addition, the existing green Chinese onion seeder has single function, cannot synchronously realize the integrated operation of procedures such as green Chinese onion seeding, fertilization, herbicide spraying and the like, and severely restricts the development of the green Chinese onion industry. Therefore, the development of the integrated equipment for precision seeding, fertilization and weeding of the green Chinese onions is of great importance to the development of the green Chinese onions industry.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides the integrated machine for precision seeding, fertilizing and weeding of the green Chinese onion, which can synchronously realize the functions of seeding, fertilizing, spraying herbicide and the like, and the green Chinese onion seeds are uniformly distributed in the seed furrows after seeding, so that the subsequent manual thinning link is omitted.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the integrated machine comprises a frame, a soil preparation roller, a ditching and earthing device, a fertilizing device, an air suction seeding device, a pressing roller and a herbicide spraying device, wherein the soil preparation roller, the ditching and earthing device, the fertilizing device, the air suction seeding device, the pressing roller and the herbicide spraying device are arranged on the frame; the ditching and earthing device is movably arranged on the frame behind the soil preparation roller through a ditching and earthing device mounting frame; the height of the ditching and earthing device is adjustable, and the adjustment of different ditching depths can be realized; the air suction roller type seed metering device is positioned above the ditching and soil covering device; the pressing roller is positioned behind the air suction roller type seed metering device; the herbicide spraying device is positioned above the pressing roller at the rear side of the frame.
The air suction seeding device comprises a fan, a guide pipe, a seed box, an air suction roller type seed metering device and a ditching and soil covering device; the fan shaft is connected with a driven wheel; the power output shaft of the tractor is connected with a driving wheel, and the driving wheel is connected with a driven wheel through a belt, so that the fan is driven to rotate.
The air-suction roller type seed metering device comprises a hollow shaft, a roller sleeved on the hollow shaft, a seed cleaning needle and a seed scraping device; one or more rollers are arranged; the rollers are connected into a whole through connecting discs, and the outermost sides of the rollers at the two ends are sealed by using end covers; each roller forms an independent negative pressure chamber; the seed box is arranged at one side behind the roller, and when the seed box works, the roller rotates clockwise to sequentially pass through the seed box, the seed cleaning needle and the seed scraping sheet; the hollow shaft consists of a hollow section and a chain wheel mounting section which are connected into a whole, and the outer end of the hollow section is provided with an air suction port; the air suction port is communicated with the fan through a guide pipe; the chain wheel mounting section is connected with the same side end of the pressing roller through a chain wheel and a chain, and the pressing roller rotates to drive the hollow shaft and the roller to rotate; suction holes are uniformly formed in a section of hollow shaft sleeved with the roller so as to provide negative pressure in the roller; the rotary drum of each independent negative pressure chamber is provided with a plurality of circles of seed sucking holes in parallel along the circumferential direction, the interval between each circle of seed sucking holes is determined according to the sowing row spacing, and each circle of seed sucking holes corresponds to one sowing row (seed ditch); the spacing between the seed sucking holes on each circle of seed sucking holes is correspondingly equal; the position of each row of seed sucking holes in the axial direction of the drum is positioned on a horizontal line; the roller is sleeved on the lug boss of the connecting plate or the lug boss of the end cover, the two connecting plates and the roller form an independent negative pressure chamber, the negative pressure chambers at the two ends are formed by the end cover, the connecting plate and the roller, seed sucking holes are uniformly formed in the radial direction of the roller, and the axial hole pitch is determined by the sowing row pitch.
The ditching and earthing device comprises a ditching part and an earthing part; the ditching part comprises a soil breaking plate, a handle column, side plates and a cross beam; the earthing part comprises an earthing plate, a torsion spring and a connecting frame. The ditching and earthing device is arranged on a handle column mounting frame of the ditching and earthing device mounting frame through a handle column; the front ends of the two earth breaking plates are intersected in a V shape to form an earth breaking blade, so that earth breaking work is realized; two sides of the rear of the ground breaking plate are symmetrically connected with two side plates; the bottoms of the two earth breaking plates and the two side plates are in medium-like contact with the ground, the joint of the earth breaking plates and the side plates is smooth to form a streamline outer surface, and the cross beam is connected between the rear middle parts of the two side plates; a handle column is vertically connected above the front side of the ground breaking plate; the earthing plate is positioned behind the two side plates; the earthing plate is connected to the cross beam through a connecting frame; the front end of the connecting frame is movably sleeved on the cross beam, and the rear end of the connecting frame is connected with the rear side surface of the soil covering plate; one side of the cross beam is sleeved with a torsion spring; one end of the torsion spring is hung on the side plate, and the other end of the torsion spring is hung on the front end of the connecting frame; the connecting frame is arc-shaped; the width of the earthing plate is larger than the distance behind the two side plates. Under the action of the torsion springs and the connecting frame, the soil covering plate can float up and down along with the fluctuation of the terrain. The upper parts of the two side plates are obliquely arranged outwards, and the interval between the upper sides of the two side plates is larger than the interval between the lower sides of the two side plates; the space between the two side plates is in an inverted trapezoid shape as a whole.
The fan is arranged on the frame at the front side through a fan mounting frame; a fertilizing device is arranged behind the fan; the fertilizer application device comprises a fertilizer box, an outer sheave type fertilizer distributor, a fertilizer guide pipe and a hoe type furrow opener; an outer sheave type fertilizer distributor is arranged in the fertilizer box through a fertilizer transmission shaft; the lower part of the outer sheave type fertilizer distributor is connected with a fertilizer guide pipe, and the other end of the fertilizer guide pipe is arranged on the hoe-type furrow opener; the hoe-shovel type furrow opener is positioned below the fan at the front side of the frame; the fertilization transmission shaft is connected with the same side end of the soil preparation roller through a chain wheel and a chain; the lower part of each outer sheave type fertilizer distributor is connected with a fertilizer guide pipe and a hoe-type furrow opener; a hoe type furrow opener is arranged between every two rows of seed furrows; the soil preparation roller is located at the rear side of the hoe-type furrow opener and is located under the fertilizer box.
The seed cleaning support is movably arranged on the frame right above the roller, the height of the seed cleaning support is adjustable, and the adjustment of different heights of the seed cleaning needle can be realized so as to determine the seed cleaning position, so that the optimal seed cleaning effect is achieved; a plurality of groups of seed cleaning needles are arranged on the seed cleaning bracket; each group of seed cleaning needles are two and are symmetrically arranged front and back; the distance between the front seed cleaning needle and the rear seed cleaning needle is smaller than the length of the seeds; the seed cleaning needle is positioned right above the roller and is in an eta-like shape, the upper part of the seed cleaning needle is fixed on the seed cleaning bracket, and the lower extension section is a seed cleaning end; the bottom of each group of seed cleaning needle end is contacted with a seed sucking hole on the upper surface of the roller; the seed scraping device is formed by uniformly arranging a plurality of arc seed scraping sheets on a seed scraping sheet mounting frame; the seed scraping plate mounting frame can be movably mounted on the frame above the ditching and soil covering device; the height of the seed scraping plate mounting frame is adjustable so as to realize the adjustment of the height of the seed scraper and further determine the seed scraping position so as to achieve the optimal seed scraping effect; one end of the arc seed scraping sheet is fixed at the top of the beam of the seed scraping sheet mounting frame, and the other end of the arc seed scraping sheet is tightly attached to the seed sucking hole on the outer surface below the roller; the spacing between each group of seed cleaning needles and the spacing between the arc seed scraping sheets are equal to the spacing between the seed sucking holes in the axial direction of the drum.
The number of the seed cleaning needle groups is consistent with the number of the seed scraping sheets and the number of the seed sucking holes in the axial direction of the drum.
The herbicide spraying device comprises a pesticide box, a sprayer bracket, an electric pressure water pump, a pesticide guiding pipe I, a pesticide guiding pipe II and a sprayer; the medicine chest is arranged above the pressing roller at the rear side of the machine frame, and the electric pressure water pump is vertically arranged on the left rear machine frame of the medicine chest; the spray head is arranged on a spray head support, and the spray head support is arranged at the center of a rack at the rear of the medicine box; the number of the spray heads is determined by the dosage required during sowing; one end of the medicine guide pipe is connected with a medicine outlet of the electric pressure water pump, and the other end of the medicine guide pipe is connected with the spray head; and one end of the second medicine guide pipe is connected with the medicine box, and the other end of the second medicine guide pipe is connected with a medicine inlet of the electric pressure water pump.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
(1) According to the agricultural requirements of the green Chinese onion sowing, the precise sowing of the green Chinese onion is realized, the green Chinese onion seeds are uniformly distributed in the seed grooves after sowing, and the subsequent thinning links are omitted;
(2) Realizing the integrated operation of seeding, fertilizing and herbicide spraying of the green Chinese onion;
(3) The whole machine has high sowing efficiency and low labor intensity, and can greatly improve the production efficiency.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of FIG. 1 at A;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a pneumatic drum-type seed metering device;
FIG. 4 is a schematic installation view of the ditching and earthing device of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of the whole ditching and soil-attaching device
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of the soil covering portion of the ditching and soil covering device
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a hollow shaft of a suction drum-type seed metering device;
FIG. 8 is a schematic view of the installation of the suction drum of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a land;
FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of an end cap;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of a seed scraper;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a seed cleaning needle;
the figure shows:
1. fan 2, belt drive 3, three-point suspension 4, fan mount 5, spline shaft 6, frame upper cross member 7, hoe type furrow opener 8, fertilizer tube 9, soil preparation roller 10, fertilizing chain drive 11, furrow covering device mount 12, furrow covering device 13, air suction drum type seed metering device 14, seed scraper 15, seed case 16, sowing chain drive 17, press roller 18, frame lower cross member 19, spray head bracket 20, medicine case 21, seed cleaning needle 22, fertilizer case 23, conduit 24, electric pressure water pump 25, spray head 26, outer grooved fertilizer distributor 27, medicine tube one 28, medicine tube two 111, furrow covering device mount cross member 112, fastening bolt 113, handle mount 114, furrow covering device mount vertical beam 115. Bolt one 116, ditching and covering device mounting bracket 121, breaker plate 122, handle post 123, side plate 124, cross beam 125, torsion spring 126, covering plate 127, cotter pin 128, connector 129, covering plate fixing bolt 131 hollow shaft 132, left end cap 133, connecting disc 134, right end cap 135, cylinder 136, suction port 137, suction hole 138, sprocket mounting section 1310, boss 1311, sealing ring groove 1312, end cap boss 141, seed scraping plate 142, bolt two 143, seed scraping plate mounting bracket cross beam 144, seed scraping plate mounting bracket vertical beam 145, seed scraping plate mounting bracket holder 146, bolt three 211, seed cleaning bracket holder 212, bolt four 213, seed cleaning bracket 214, seed cleaning needle 215, bolt five
Detailed Description
In order to clearly illustrate the technical characteristics of the scheme, the scheme is explained below through a specific embodiment.
As shown in fig. 1 and 2, the integrated device for precision seeding, fertilization and weeding of the green Chinese onion mainly comprises a three-point suspension device 3, a frame, a soil preparation roller 9, a fertilization device, an air suction seeding device, a pressing roller 17 and a herbicide spraying device. The air suction seeding device comprises a fan 1, a belt transmission 2, a fan mounting frame 4, a guide pipe 23, an air suction roller type seed sowing device 13 and a ditching and soil covering device 12. The fan 1 is arranged above the fan mounting frame 4, the front side of the fan mounting frame 4 is provided with a belt transmission 2, a belt transmission driven wheel is connected with the fan, and a driving wheel is connected with a power output shaft of the tractor through a spline shaft 5.
The fertilizing device comprises a fertilizer box 22, an outer sheave type fertilizer distributor, a chain transmission 10, a fertilizer guide pipe 8 and a hoe-type furrow opener 7, wherein the fertilizer box 22 is fastened on the rear side of a fan 1 of a frame upper cross beam 6 through bolts, the outer sheave type fertilizer distributor is connected in series inside the fertilizer box 22 through a fertilizing transmission shaft, one end of the fertilizer guide pipe 8 is arranged at the lower part of the outer sheave type fertilizer distributor, the other end of the fertilizer guide pipe 8 is arranged on the hoe-type furrow opener 7, and the hoe-type furrow opener 7 is fastened below the fan 1 at the front side of the frame through U-shaped bolts. In the invention, a plurality of external sheave type fertilizer applicators can be arranged on a fertilizing transmission shaft side by side for use, and the lower part of each external sheave type fertilizer applicator is correspondingly connected with a fertilizer guide pipe 8 and a hoe-type furrow opener 7; the number of the outer grooved wheel type fertilizer distributor, the fertilizer guide pipe 8 and the hoe type furrow opener 7 is increased or decreased in time according to the planting and fertilizing requirements of green Chinese onions in different places. If the soil fertility is insufficient, the external sheave type fertilizer distributor is arranged more, and if the soil is fatter, the external sheave type fertilizer distributor is arranged less. In this embodiment, a shovel-type furrow opener 7 is arranged between every 2 rows of seed furrows.
The soil preparation roller 9 is symmetrically arranged at the rear side of the hoe type furrow opener 7 and the lower side of the lower cross beam 18 of the frame below the fertilizer box 22 near the ground through bearings with seats, the furrowing and earthing device 12 is arranged at the rear of the soil preparation roller, the air suction drum type seed metering device is arranged at the rear of the furrowing and earthing device 12, the pressing roller 17 is arranged at the rear of the air suction drum type seed metering device, and the herbicide spraying device is arranged above the pressing roller 17 at the rear side of the frame.
The herbicide spraying device's medical kit 20 both ends pass through the retainer plate and install in frame rear side top, electric pressure water pump 24 is vertical to be installed in the frame in the left rear outside of medical kit 20, shower nozzle 25 is installed on shower nozzle support 19, shower nozzle support 19 is by the bolt-up at medical kit 20 rear frame central point put.
As shown in fig. 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9 and 10, the ditching and soil covering device 12 is composed of a ditching part and a soil covering part, wherein the ditching part comprises a soil breaking plate 121, a handle post 122, a side plate 123 and a cross beam 124; the soil covering portion includes a soil covering plate 126, a torsion spring 125, and a connecting frame 128. The ditching earthing device passes through stem 122 to be installed on the stem mounting bracket 113 of ditching earthing device mounting bracket 11, by the fastening of bolt 112, and a plurality of stem mounting brackets 113 are the linear array mode and arrange on ditching earthing device mounting bracket crossbeam 111, ditching earthing device mounting bracket 11 is fastened in the inboard ditching earthing device mounting bracket fixer 116 of welding in the frame bottom end rail by bolt one 115, can realize the regulation of ditching earthing device different depths. The intersection of the front ends of the two soil breaking plates 121 forms a soil breaking blade to realize the soil breaking work; two sides of the rear of the ground breaking plate 121 are symmetrically connected with two side plates; the bottoms of the two inclined plates and the two side plates are in a similar-medium-shaped ground contact end, the joint of the ground breaking plate 121 and the side plate 123 is subjected to smooth treatment to form a streamline outer surface, the cross beam 124 is connected between the rear middle parts of the two side plates 123, and the cross beam 124 is axially fixed by cotter pins; a handle 122 is vertically connected above the front side of the ground breaking plate 121; the earthing plate 126 is positioned behind the two side plates 123; the earth-covering plate 126 is connected to the cross beam 124 by a connecting frame 128; the front end of the connecting frame 128 is movably sleeved on the beam 124, and the rear end of the connecting frame 128 is connected with the rear side surface of the earthing plate 126; a torsion spring 125 is sleeved on one side of the beam 124; one end of the torsion spring 125 is hung on the side plate 123, and the other end of the torsion spring 125 is hung on the front end of the connecting frame 128; the connecting frame 128 is arc-shaped; the width of the cover plate 126 is greater than the spacing behind the two side plates 123. Under the action of the torsion springs 125 and the connection frame 128, the earth covering plate 126 can float up and down along with the relief of the terrain. The upper parts of the two side plates 123 are arranged in an inclined way to the outside, and the interval between the upper sides of the two side plates 123 is larger than the interval between the lower sides of the two side plates 123; the space between the two side plates 123 has an inverted trapezoid shape as a whole.
The ditching and earthing device 12 is mounted on a stem mounting 113 of the ditching and earthing device mounting 11.
The air suction roller type seed metering device comprises a hollow shaft 131, a left end cover 132, a right end cover 134, a roller 135, a connecting disc 133, a boss 1310, a sealing ring groove 1311, an end cover boss 1312 and a sealing ring. A through hole is processed at the center of the left end cover 134 and the right end cover 134 according to the outer diameter of the hollow section of the hollow shaft and is used for penetrating through the hollow shaft 131; the opposite sides of the left end cover 134 and the right end cover 134 are respectively provided with a boss 1310 for connecting and installing with the roller according to the inner diameter size of the roller, and the bosses 1310 are inserted into the roller 135; the outer circumferential surface of the boss 1310 is provided with a sealing ring groove; the connecting disc 133 is composed of a middle plane end and hollow ends symmetrically arranged at the left side and the right side of the middle plane end, bosses 1310 are arranged on the outer circle surfaces of the hollow ends at the two ends according to the inner diameter size of the roller, and sealing ring grooves 1311 are machined on the outer circle surfaces of the bosses 1310. Sealing rings are installed in the sealing ring grooves of the left end cover 134, the right end cover 134 and the connecting disc 133 for ensuring sealing and air tightness.
The two connection pads 133 and one roller 135 constitute an independent negative pressure chamber, and the independent negative pressure chambers at both ends are respectively composed of a left end cover 132, one roller 13 and one connection pad 133 or a right end cover 134, one roller 13 and one connection pad 133. One end of the air suction port 136 of the hollow shaft is connected with a fan, a plurality of suction holes 138 are formed in the circumferential direction and the axial direction of the connecting section of the hollow shaft and the roller, when the fan rotates, air is sucked out through the air suction port 136 and the suction holes 138, so that negative pressure is formed in the roller 135, and the onion seeds are adsorbed onto the seed suction holes 137 of the roller 135 under the suction force of the negative pressure; the air-suction roller type seed sowing device 13 is driven by chain transmission of a chain transmission installation section 139 arranged on the hollow shaft 131 to perform seed sowing work.
In the present invention, the drum 135 may be used singly or in series; when the roller 135 is singly used, the roller 135 is sleeved on the hollow section of the hollow shaft 131, two ends of the roller are sealed by using end covers to form an independent negative pressure chamber, and the roller rotates along with the hollow shaft 131 to realize small-width sowing; the rollers 135 are connected together through connecting discs and sleeved on the hollow sections of the hollow shafts 131, the outermost sides of the rollers 135 at the two ends are sealed by end covers, and a plurality of independent negative pressure chambers are formed to rotate along with the hollow shafts 131 to realize sowing of multiple rows of green Chinese onions with large breadth.
As shown in fig. 7, this embodiment takes three rows of grooves for each independent negative pressure chamber as an example: three circles of seed sucking holes 136 are arranged on the outer surface of the roller 135 of each independent negative pressure chamber, and each circle of seed sucking holes 136 corresponds to one row of sowing rows (namely seed grooves); the positions of the seed sucking holes 136 at the same positions on each circle of the seed sucking holes in the axial direction of the roller 135 are on a horizontal line; in particular, the number of rollers 135 may be increased or decreased as needed to seed the number of rows. Meanwhile, the number of turns of the seed suction holes 137 may be set on each drum 135 according to the corresponding number of sowing rows. Such as: the outer surface of the roller 135 of each independent negative pressure chamber can be provided with one circle of seed suction holes 137, two circles of seed suction holes 137 or four circles of seed suction holes 137 and the like; the length 135 of each roller is set as desired.
As shown in fig. 11 and 12, the seed scraping plate 141 of the seed scraper 14 is fastened to the beam 143 of the seed scraping plate mounting frame by the second bolt 142, and arranged in a linear array, and the vertical beam 144 of the seed scraping plate mounting frame passes through the holder 145 of the seed scraping plate mounting frame welded on the inner side of the lower beam 18 of the frame and is fastened by the third bolt 146. The seed box 15 is mounted on a seed box mounting bracket which is mounted on a seed box mounting bracket holder 153 inside the frame lower beam 18 and fastened by bolts 154. The seed cleaning needle 214 is fastened on the seed cleaning needle bracket beam by a bolt five 215, and the seed cleaning needle bracket vertical beam 213 passes through the seed cleaning needle bracket fixer 211 welded on the inner side of the frame lower beam 18 and is fastened by a bolt four 212, so that the adjustment of different heights of the seed cleaning needle 214 can be realized.
Further, the seed cleaning needles 214 are arranged front and back and fastened on the seed cleaning support by bolts, each two seed cleaning needles arranged front and back are in a group, and the axial distance between the seed cleaning needles 214 arranged front and back in a single group does not exceed the length dimension of seeds; the seed cleaning needle is made of metal wires with the diameter of 1mm-2mm into an eta-like shape, wherein a fastening end is arranged above the eta-like seed cleaning needle, and a seed cleaning end is arranged at the lower extension section. The seed scraping device consists of a seed scraping plate 141 with radian and a seed scraping plate mounting frame, wherein the seed scraping plate 141 with radian is made of steel sheets, one end of the seed scraping plate with radian is fastened on the upper side of a beam of the seed scraping plate mounting frame through bolts, and the other end of the seed scraping plate is clung to a seed sucking hole of the air suction roller. The number of the seed cleaning needles 214 and the number of the seed scraping sheets 141 are determined by the number of the seed sucking holes 137 of the drum 135 in the axial direction. The seed box is mounted inside the lower cross member 18 of the frame behind the drum.
The herbicide spraying device comprises a medicine box 20, a spray head bracket 19, an electric pressure water pump 24, a first medicine guide pipe 27, a second medicine guide pipe 28 and a spray head 25; the medicine chest 20 is arranged above the rear-side pressing roller 17 of the machine frame, and the electric pressure water pump 24 is vertically arranged on the left rear machine frame of the medicine chest 20; the spray head 25 is arranged on the spray head support 19, and the spray head support 19 is arranged at the center of the rack at the rear of the medicine box; the number of the spray heads 25 is determined by the dosage required during sowing; one end of the first medicine guide pipe 27 is connected with a medicine outlet of the electric pressure water pump 24, and the other end of the first medicine guide pipe is connected with the spray head 25; one end of the second medicine guide pipe 28 is connected with the medicine box 20, and the other end of the second medicine guide pipe is connected with a medicine inlet of the electric pressure water pump 24.
When the air suction type seeding device works, the power output shaft of the tractor drives the fan 1 to work through the spline shaft by driving the power through the belt, and the fan 1 is connected with the air suction port 136 of the air suction type seeding device 13 through the guide pipe 23, so that negative pressure is formed in the roller 135; the soil preparation roller 9 advances to drive the outer sheave type fertilizer distributor to rotate for fertilizer discharge through fertilizer application chain transmission, fertilizer falls into fertilizer ditches opened by the hoe type ditcher 7 through the fertilizer guide pipe 8 (in the embodiment, one row of fertilizer is applied between every two rows of seed ditches), and the soil preparation roller 9 levels the soil for sowing; the pressing roller 17 moves to drive the air suction seed sowing device 13 to rotate through the transmission of a seeding chain, when the roller 135 rotates through the seed box, seeds are sucked up by the seed suction holes 137, the machine continues to advance, and when the seeds rotate through the seed cleaning needle, more than one seed on the seed suction holes 137 is cleaned and falls back to the seed box; the height of the seed cleaning needle 21 from the seed suction holes 137 is adjusted through the seed cleaning bracket, so that the optimal seed cleaning position is determined, and each seed suction hole 137 is ensured to adsorb only one seed; the roller 135 is scraped into a seed groove opened by the ditching and soil covering device when rotating past the seed scraping plate 141; the distance between the seed scraping plate 141 and the seed suction hole 137 is adjusted by adjusting the height of the seed scraping plate mounting frame so as to determine the optimal seed scraping position; the machine continues to advance, the soil covering plate 126 backfills the soil in the seed trenches and is compacted and leveled by the compacting roller 17, at this time, the herbicide spraying device is manually started, and the herbicide is sprayed out by the spray head 25 to finish one operation.
The undescribed technical features of the invention may be implemented by or by existing techniques, and are not described in detail herein; the above embodiments and the accompanying drawings are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the present invention, and the changes and modifications made by those skilled in the art within the spirit of the present invention are consistent with the spirit of the present invention, and should also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. The utility model provides a green Chinese onion precision seeding fertilization weeding all-in-one, includes the frame, its characterized in that: the soil preparation device is characterized by further comprising a soil preparation roller, a ditching and earthing device, a fertilizing device, an air suction seeding device, a pressing roller and a herbicide spraying device which are arranged on the frame;
the ditching and earthing device is movably arranged on the frame behind the soil preparation roller through a ditching and earthing device mounting frame; the pressing roller is positioned behind the air suction roller type seed metering device; the herbicide spraying device is positioned above the pressing roller at the rear side of the frame;
the air suction seeding device comprises a fan, a guide pipe, a seed box, an air suction roller type seed metering device and a ditching and soil covering device; the air suction roller type seed metering device is positioned above the ditching and soil covering device; the fan is arranged on the frame at the front side through a fan mounting frame;
the air-suction roller type seed metering device comprises a hollow shaft, a roller sleeved on the hollow shaft, a seed cleaning needle and a seed scraping device; each roller forms an independent negative pressure chamber; the seed box is arranged at one side behind the roller; the hollow shaft consists of a hollow section and a chain wheel mounting section which are connected into a whole; the outer end of the hollow section is provided with an air suction port; the air suction port is communicated with the fan through a guide pipe; the chain wheel mounting section is connected with the same side end of the pressing roller through a chain wheel and a chain, and the pressing roller rotates to drive the hollow shaft and the roller to rotate; suction holes are uniformly formed in a section of hollow shaft sleeved with the roller so as to provide negative pressure in the roller; a plurality of circles of seed sucking holes are arranged on the roller in parallel along the circumferential direction of the roller;
the ditching and earthing device comprises a ditching part and an earthing part; the ditching part comprises a soil breaking plate, a handle column, side plates and a cross beam; the earthing part comprises an earthing plate, a torsion spring and a connecting frame; the ditching and earthing device is arranged on a handle column mounting frame of the ditching and earthing device mounting frame through a handle column; the front ends of the two ground breaking plates are intersected in a V shape to form a ground breaking blade; two sides of the rear of the ground breaking plate are symmetrically connected with two side plates; the bottoms of the two ground breaking plates and the two side plates are in a shape like a Chinese character 'jie' and contact with the ground; the beam is connected between the rear middle parts of the two side plates; a handle column is vertically connected above the front side of the ground breaking plate; the earthing plate is positioned behind the two side plates; the earthing plate is connected to the cross beam through a connecting frame; the width of the earthing plate is larger than the distance behind the two side plates; the front end of the connecting frame is movably sleeved on the cross beam, and the rear end of the connecting frame is connected with the rear side surface of the soil covering plate; one side of the cross beam is sleeved with a torsion spring; one end of the torsion spring is hung on the side plate, and the other end of the torsion spring is hung on the front end of the connecting frame; the connecting frame is arc-shaped; the upper parts of the two side plates are obliquely arranged outwards, the space between the upper sides of the two side plates is larger than the space between the lower sides of the two side plates, and the space between the two side plates is in an inverted trapezoid shape as a whole;
a fertilizing device is arranged behind the fan; the fertilizer application device comprises a fertilizer box, an outer sheave type fertilizer distributor, a fertilizer guide pipe and a hoe type furrow opener; an outer sheave type fertilizer distributor is arranged in the fertilizer box through a fertilizer transmission shaft; the lower part of the outer sheave type fertilizer distributor is connected with a fertilizer guide pipe, and the other end of the fertilizer guide pipe is arranged on the hoe-type furrow opener; the hoe-shovel type furrow opener is positioned below the fan at the front side of the frame; the fertilization transmission shaft is connected with the same side end of the soil preparation roller through a chain wheel and a chain; the soil preparation roller is positioned at the rear side of the hoe-type furrow opener and is positioned right below the fertilizer box;
the seed cleaning bracket can be movably arranged on the frame right above the roller; a plurality of groups of seed cleaning needles are arranged on the seed cleaning bracket; each group of seed cleaning needles are two and are symmetrically arranged front and back; the distance between the front seed cleaning needle and the rear seed cleaning needle is smaller than the length of the seeds; the seed cleaning needle is positioned right above the roller and is in an eta-like shape; the upper part of the seed cleaning needle is fixed on the seed cleaning bracket, and the lower extension section is a seed cleaning end; the bottom of each group of seed cleaning ends is contacted with seed sucking holes on the upper surface of the roller; the seed scraping device is formed by uniformly arranging a plurality of arc seed scraping sheets on a seed scraping sheet mounting frame; the seed scraping plate mounting frame can be movably mounted on the frame above the ditching and soil covering device; one end of the arc seed scraping sheet is fixed at the top of the beam of the seed scraping sheet mounting frame, and the other end of the arc seed scraping sheet is clung to the seed sucking hole on the lower surface of the roller;
the herbicide spraying device comprises a pesticide box, a sprayer bracket, an electric pressure water pump, a pesticide guiding pipe I, a pesticide guiding pipe II and a sprayer; the medicine chest is arranged above the pressing roller at the rear side of the machine frame, and the electric pressure water pump is vertically arranged on the left rear machine frame of the medicine chest; the spray head is arranged on a spray head support, and the spray head support is arranged at the center of a rack at the rear of the medicine box; one end of the medicine guide pipe is connected with a medicine outlet of the electric pressure water pump, and the other end of the medicine guide pipe is connected with the spray head; one end of the second medicine guide pipe is connected with the medicine box, and the other end of the second medicine guide pipe is connected with a medicine inlet of the electric pressure water pump;
the height of the ditching and earthing device is adjustable, and the adjustment of different ditching depths can be realized;
the fan shaft is connected with a driven wheel; the power output shaft of the tractor is connected with a driving wheel, and the driving wheel is connected with a driven wheel through a belt, so that the fan is driven to rotate.
2. The integrated machine for precision seeding, fertilizing and weeding of green Chinese onion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the height of the seed cleaning bracket is adjustable so as to determine the seed cleaning position; the height of the seed scraping sheet mounting frame is adjustable so as to determine the seed scraping position.
3. The integrated machine for precision seeding, fertilizing and weeding of green Chinese onion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: one or more rollers are arranged; the rollers are connected into a whole through the connecting disc, and the outermost sides of the rollers at the two ends are sealed by using end covers.
4. The integrated machine for precision seeding, fertilizing and weeding of green Chinese onion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: when in work, the roller rotates clockwise to sequentially pass through the seed box, the seed cleaning needle and the seed scraping sheet.
5. The integrated machine for precision seeding, fertilizing and weeding of green Chinese onion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: each roller is provided with a plurality of circles of seed sucking holes in parallel along the circumferential direction, the interval between each circle of seed sucking holes is determined according to the sowing row spacing, and each circle of seed sucking holes corresponds to one sowing row; the spacing between the seed sucking holes on each circle of seed sucking holes is correspondingly equal; and the positions of each row of seed sucking holes on the axial direction of the drum are positioned on a horizontal line.
6. The integrated machine for precision seeding, fertilizing and weeding of green Chinese onion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the lower part of each outer sheave type fertilizer distributor is connected with a fertilizer guide pipe and a hoe-type furrow opener; a shovel-type furrow opener is arranged between every two rows of seed furrows.
7. The integrated machine for precision seeding, fertilizing and weeding of green Chinese onion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the spacing between each group of seed cleaning needles and the spacing between the arc seed scraping sheets are equal to the spacing between the seed sucking holes in the axial direction of the drum.
8. The integrated machine for precision seeding, fertilizing and weeding of green Chinese onion as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the number of the seed cleaning needle groups is consistent with the number of the seed scraping sheets and the number of the seed sucking holes in the axial direction of the drum.
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| CN201811044232.1A CN108990448B (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2018-09-07 | Onion precision seeding, fertilizing and weeding integrated machine |
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| CN201811044232.1A CN108990448B (en) | 2018-09-07 | 2018-09-07 | Onion precision seeding, fertilizing and weeding integrated machine |
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| CN108990448A CN108990448A (en) | 2018-12-14 |
| CN108990448B true CN108990448B (en) | 2023-05-16 |
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| CN109874466A (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2019-06-14 | 安徽农业大学 | A kind of accurate quantification multirow divider |
| CN109874430B (en) * | 2019-04-19 | 2022-12-02 | 安徽农业大学 | Automatic electric control precision seeder |
| CN110447330B (en) * | 2019-09-10 | 2024-04-26 | 青岛大顺精锋工贸有限公司 | Carrot seeder |
| CN114794068B (en) * | 2022-04-13 | 2023-02-28 | 中国农业大学 | Roller weeding device and method |
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| EP3216336A1 (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-09-13 | Hauert HBG Dünger AG | Fertilizers, method and device for dosing of fertilizer |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN202773291U (en) * | 2012-08-03 | 2013-03-13 | 河南豪丰机械制造有限公司 | Air-aspiration type small grains non-tillage fertilization precision sowing machine |
| CN104067741A (en) * | 2013-03-27 | 2014-10-01 | 株式会社久保田 | Paddy field operation machine |
| CN103168537A (en) * | 2013-03-31 | 2013-06-26 | 马强 | Pneumatic seeder |
| CN205510785U (en) * | 2016-01-22 | 2016-08-31 | 瓦房店明运农机装备有限公司 | Smart volume fertilizing and seeding machine of air -suction type |
| EP3216336A1 (en) * | 2016-03-09 | 2017-09-13 | Hauert HBG Dünger AG | Fertilizers, method and device for dosing of fertilizer |
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