CN108979769B - Fuel cell combined supply power generation system based on double-stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization - Google Patents
Fuel cell combined supply power generation system based on double-stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K21/00—Steam engine plants not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
- F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
- F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
- F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04082—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration
- H01M8/04089—Arrangements for control of reactant parameters, e.g. pressure or concentration of gaseous reactants
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
- H01M8/0662—Treatment of gaseous reactants or gaseous residues, e.g. cleaning
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/14—Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention discloses a fuel cell combined supply power generation system based on double-stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization. The invention realizes power-cooling combined supply by coupling the existing SOFC system, organic Rankine cycle and LNG cold energy utilization system and changing the inlet and outlet temperature, air-fuel ratio, steam-carbon ratio, recovery ratio and the like of the cathode and anode of the fuel cell, can be used in the fields of medium-sized power distribution, small household appliance combined heat and power supply and the like, and can also be used as mobile power supplies such as stationary power stations, ship power supplies, traffic vehicle power supplies and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of heat pump control, in particular to a fuel cell combined power generation system based on double-stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization.
Background
With the continuous development of global socioeconomic, the demand for electric power is continuously increasing. Meanwhile, the world faces an energy crisis caused by exhaustion of primary fossil energy. In addition, environmental pollution, global warming and other problems have generated tremendous pressure on environmental protection and management. The development of new energy forms and the application of sustainable development energy power generation become the needs and inevitable problems of the times.
The novel power generation energy forms of wind energy, solar energy, fuel cells, geothermal energy, tidal energy, biomass energy and the like can relieve the energy crisis, have the advantage of little pollution and environmental protection, and are introduced into power production ranks in many times. The fuel cell has the advantages of no dust and waste residue, less emission of CO2 and the like, less noise pollution and the like, is more environment-friendly than renewable energy sources such as wind power generation, solar photovoltaic power generation and the like, is not limited by regions, has sufficient fuel, has various standby fuel forms and the like, and is convenient for large-scale wide application.
Fuel cells are electrochemical energy conversion devices that convert chemical energy directly into electrical energy. In principle, the fuel cell is not limited by Carnot cycle, and compared with the traditional heat engine, the fuel cell has the advantages of high energy conversion efficiency, cleanness, no pollution, low noise, convenience and economy in installation and the like. Among all Fuel cells, high temperature Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) operate stably up to 1000 ℃. At such high temperatures, the fuel can be rapidly oxidized and reach thermodynamic equilibrium, noble metal catalysts can be eliminated, thereby reducing the cost of manufacturing the cell, and the fuel can be reformed inside the cell. The discharged waste heat has higher taste and larger recycling space.
Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) adopts low boiling point Organic matter as operating working medium, which has more advantages in the aspect of matching with medium and low temperature heat sources than the traditional power Cycle, so that the ORC becomes one of effective ways for waste heat utilization. Under different heat source conditions, the selection of different organic Rankine cycle structures and operation working media has important significance for improving the thermal performance of the system. In the process of developing low-grade energy by utilizing organic Rankine cycle, according to the principle of 'cascade development and multistage utilization', development and utilization of medium-high temperature heat sources are combined with heat sources in various forms to form combined cycle, so that the energy utilization efficiency and the overall performance of a system are improved. At present, the multi-side of combined supply circulation is more important to be combined with the multi-form of a heat source, so that although the energy utilization efficiency of the system is greatly improved, the complexity of the system is increased, and great challenges are brought to the efficient operation of the system.
Based on the above phenomena, a two-stage organic rankine cycle with a simple form is coupled with the SOFC system, and Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) is used as a cold source, so that the gradient utilization of energy is realized, and the utilization rate of the energy is effectively improved.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention designs a fuel cell combined supply power generation system based on two-stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization, which realizes power and cold combined supply by coupling the conventional SOFC system, organic Rankine cycle and LNG cold energy utilization system and changing the inlet and outlet temperature, air-fuel ratio, water-vapor-carbon ratio, recovery ratio and the like of the cathode and anode of a fuel cell, can be used in the fields of medium-sized power distribution, small-sized household appliance combined supply, and the like, and can also be used as a mobile power supply such as a fixed power station, a ship power supply, a transportation vehicle power supply and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a fuel cell combined supply power generation system based on double-stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization comprises an SOFC system, a double-stage organic Rankine cycle system and an LNG cold energy utilization system;
the SOFC system is configured to generate electrochemical reaction by taking air and a mixture of fuel and water as raw materials and output electric energy to the outside;
the SOFC system is configured to be used with a gas turbine, unreacted combustible gas discharged by an anode and excess air discharged by a cathode of the SOFC system are combusted and then sent to the gas turbine to perform external expansion work to generate exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas of the gas turbine is sequentially used for preheating air, fuel and water and then sent to a first heat exchanger to drive a two-stage organic Rankine cycle system;
the two-stage organic Rankine cycle system comprises a first-stage organic Rankine cycle system and a second-stage organic Rankine cycle system, wherein the first-stage organic Rankine cycle system is configured to perform Rankine cycle external work by using exhaust gas of a gas turbine as a heat source and LNG as a cold source and adopt a first cycle working medium, and the second-stage organic Rankine cycle system is configured to perform Rankine cycle external work by using exhaust gas of a turbine of the first-stage organic Rankine cycle system as a heat source and LNG as a cold source and adopt a second cycle working medium; wherein the temperature of the driving heat source of the first stage organic Rankine cycle is higher than the temperature of the driving heat source of the second stage organic Rankine cycle;
the LNG cold energy utilization system is configured to adopt LNG to be sequentially used for cooling the second circulating working medium, the first circulating working medium and air, the latter part is used as an electrochemical reaction raw material of the SOFC system, and the other part is used for recovering pressure energy by external expansion acting.
Further, in the SOFC system, air is subjected to primary compression by a first air compressor, LNG condensation cooling by an intercooler and secondary compression by a second air compressor and then is boosted to the SOFC operation pressure, and then is preheated by a first preheater and then is sent to the SOFC cathode.
Furthermore, in the SOFC system, fuel is heated by the second preheater and then is conveyed to the mixer, water is pressurized to the SOFC operation pressure by the first pump, is heated by the third air preheater and then is conveyed to the mixer, and is mixed with the fuel and then is conveyed to the SOFC anode.
Further, the unreacted combustible gas discharged from the SOFC anode and the excess air discharged from the SOFC cathode are sent into a post-combustion chamber together for combustion to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is sent into a gas turbine to perform external expansion work.
Further, the SOFC system outputs direct current to the outside, and the direct current is converted into alternating current through an inverter and is output.
Furthermore, the first-stage organic Rankine cycle system comprises a first heat exchanger, a first turbine, a second heat exchanger, a first condenser and a second pump which are sequentially connected in a circulating manner, the first cycle working medium saturated liquid is pressurized by the second pump and heated by the first heat exchanger to be in an overheat state, then expands in the first turbine to do work and is changed into turbine exhaust gas, and the turbine exhaust gas is condensed into saturated liquid by LNG in the first condenser after partial heat is released in the second heat exchanger, so that the whole cycle is completed.
Further, the first cycle fluid includes, but is not limited to, toluene, benzene, nonane, octane, MDM, and D4.
Furthermore, the second-stage organic Rankine cycle system comprises a second heat exchanger, a second turbine, a second condenser and a third pump which are sequentially connected in a circulating manner, the second cycle working medium saturated liquid is pressurized by the third pump and heated by the second heat exchanger to be in an overheat state, then expands in the second turbine to do work and is changed into turbine exhaust gas, and the turbine exhaust gas is condensed into saturated liquid by LNG in the second condenser so as to complete the whole cycle.
Further, the second cycle fluid includes, but is not limited to, R600, R245fa, R123, R142b, R236ea and R600 a.
Further, the LNG cold energy utilization system comprises an LNG storage tank, a fourth pump, a second condenser, a first condenser, an intercooler and a third turbine which are connected in sequence, the LNG is pressurized to the running pressure of the SOFC system by the fourth pump and then flows through the second condenser, the first condenser and the intercooler in sequence, and the back part of the LNG expands and does work through the third turbine.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
1) the air compression adopts two-stage compression, so that the energy consumption required by air compression can be effectively reduced;
2) the fuel required by the SOFC system is pressurized to the running pressure of the SOFC cell stack in a liquid state, so that the power consumption required by fuel compression can be effectively reduced;
3) due to the fact that the exhaust temperature of the SOFC system is high, LNG is used as a cold source, a double-stage ORC cycle is used as a bottom cycle, and the overall heat efficiency and the heat efficiency are improved
The efficiency has good effect.
4) For bottom circulation, the method can be used for recovering medium-high temperature heat sources with the temperature range of more than 300 ℃, such as exhaust waste heat of an internal combustion engine, exhaust waste heat of a gas turbine and the like, and has good effect.
Drawings
The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this application, illustrate embodiments of the application and, together with the description, serve to explain the application and are not intended to limit the application.
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined power generation system based on a fuel cell, a two-stage organic Rankine cycle and LNG cold energy utilization;
FIG. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined power generation system based on internal combustion engine waste heat utilization and two-stage organic Rankine cycle and LNG cold energy utilization;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a combined power generation system based on brayton cycle, two-stage organic rankine cycle and LNG cold energy utilization.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following detailed description of embodiments and drawings.
It should be noted that the following detailed description is exemplary and is intended to provide further explanation of the disclosure. Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this application belongs.
It is noted that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of example embodiments according to the present application. As used herein, the singular forms "a", "an" and "the" are intended to include the plural forms as well, and it should be understood that when the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising" are used in this specification, they specify the presence of stated features, steps, operations, devices, components, and/or combinations thereof, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.
In the present invention, terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "rear", "vertical", "horizontal", "side", "bottom", and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only terms of relationships determined for convenience of describing structural relationships of the parts or elements of the present invention, and are not intended to refer to any parts or elements of the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
In the present invention, terms such as "fixedly connected", "connected", and the like are to be understood in a broad sense, and mean either a fixed connection or an integrally connected or detachable connection; may be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be determined according to specific situations by persons skilled in the relevant scientific or technical field, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
As described in the background art, the multi-side of the combined supply cycle in the prior art is more important than the combination with the multi-form of the heat source, so that although the energy utilization efficiency of the system is greatly improved, the complexity of the system is increased, and great challenges are brought to the efficient operation of the system.
As shown in fig. 1, a fuel cell cogeneration system based on dual-stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization comprises an SOFC system, a dual-stage organic rankine cycle system and an LNG cold energy utilization system;
the SOFC system is configured to generate electrochemical reaction by taking air and a mixture of fuel and water as raw materials and output electric energy to the outside;
the SOFC system is configured to be used with a Gas Turbine (GT), unreacted combustible gas discharged from an anode and excess air discharged from a cathode are combusted and then sent to the Gas Turbine (GT) to perform external expansion work to generate exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas of the gas turbine is used for preheating air, fuel and water in sequence and then sent to a first heat exchanger (HE1) to drive a two-stage organic Rankine cycle system;
the two-stage organic Rankine cycle system comprises a first-stage organic Rankine cycle system and a second-stage organic Rankine cycle system, wherein the first-stage organic Rankine cycle system is configured to perform Rankine cycle external work by using exhaust gas of a gas turbine as a heat source and LNG as a cold source and adopt a first cycle working medium, and the second-stage organic Rankine cycle system is configured to perform Rankine cycle external work by using exhaust gas of a turbine of the first-stage organic Rankine cycle system as a heat source and LNG as a cold source and adopt a second cycle working medium; wherein the temperature of the driving heat source of the first stage organic Rankine cycle is higher than the temperature of the driving heat source of the second stage organic Rankine cycle;
the LNG cold energy utilization system is configured to adopt LNG to be sequentially used for cooling the second circulating working medium, the first circulating working medium and air, the latter part is used as an electrochemical reaction raw material of the SOFC system, and one part is used for externally expanding to apply work to recover pressure energy.
In the SOFC system, air is subjected to primary compression by a first air compressor (AC1), condensation cooling of LNG by a intercooler (Cooler) and secondary compression by a second air compressor (AC2) and then is boosted to the SOFC operation pressure, and then is preheated by a first preheater (PH1) and then is sent to the SOFC cathode.
In the SOFC system, fuel is heated by a second preheater (PH2) and then is conveyed to a mixer (M), water is pressurized to SOFC operation pressure by a first pump (P1), and is heated by a third air preheater (PH3) and then is conveyed to the mixer (M), and the mixture is mixed with the fuel and then is conveyed to an SOFC anode.
And unreacted combustible gas discharged by the SOFC anode and excess air discharged by the SOFC cathode are sent into a post-combustion chamber (AB) together for combustion to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is sent into a Gas Turbine (GT) to expand and work outwards.
The SOFC system outputs direct current to the outside, and the direct current is converted into alternating current through an Inverter (Inverter) and is output.
The first-stage organic Rankine cycle system comprises a first heat exchanger (HE1), a first turbine (T1), a second heat exchanger (HE2), a first condenser (Con1) and a second pump (P2) which are sequentially connected in a circulating mode, the first cycle working medium saturated liquid is pressurized by the second pump (P2), heated to an overheat state by the first heat exchanger (HE1), expanded in the first turbine (T1) to do work and changed into turbine exhaust gas, and the turbine exhaust gas is condensed into saturated liquid by LNG in the first condenser (Con1) after partial heat is released in the second heat exchanger (HE2), so that the whole cycle is completed.
The first cycle fluid includes, but is not limited to, toluene, benzene, nonane, octane, MDM, and D4.
Taking toluene as an example, after the toluene saturated liquid is pressurized by a second pump (P2) and heated to an overheated state by a first heat exchanger (HE1), the toluene saturated liquid is expanded in a first turbine (T1) to produce work and become turbine exhaust gas, and after the turbine exhaust gas releases part of heat in a second heat exchanger (HE2), the turbine exhaust gas is condensed into saturated liquid by LNG in a first condenser (Con1), thereby completing the whole cycle.
The second-stage organic Rankine cycle system comprises a second heat exchanger (HE2), a second turbine (T2), a second condenser (Con2) and a third pump (P3) which are sequentially connected in a circulating manner, the saturated liquid of the second cycle working medium is pressurized by the third pump (P3) and heated into an overheated state by the second heat exchanger (HE2), the saturated liquid is expanded in the second turbine (T2) to work and become turbine exhaust gas, and the turbine exhaust gas is condensed into saturated liquid by LNG in the second condenser (Con2), so that the whole cycle is completed.
The second cycle fluid includes, but is not limited to, R600, R245fa, R123, R142b, R236ea, and R600 a.
The LNG cold energy utilization system comprises an LNG storage Tank ((LNG Tank), a fourth pump (P4), a second condenser (Con2), a first condenser (Con1), an intercooler (Cooler) and a third turbine (T3) which are connected in sequence, the LNG is pressurized to the running pressure of the SOFC system by the fourth pump (P4), then sequentially flows through the second condenser (Con2), the first condenser (Con1) and the intercooler (Cooler), and the rear part LNG performs work on external expansion through the third turbine (T3).
In specific implementation, a thermodynamic model of the combined supply system is established based on EES software, and input parameter values of the combined supply system are shown in Table 1. And calculating thermodynamic parameter values of each state of the system according to the established thermodynamic model and the physical property parameters of the working medium, as shown in tables 2 and 3. The performance calculation results of the novel combined supply system are shown in table 4, and the calculation results show that under the design working condition, the power generation efficiency of the combined supply system provided by the invention is 72.27%,
the efficiency was 55.2%. The first stage ORC efficiency was 20.57% and the second stage ORC efficiency was 20.64%.
TABLE 1 Co-generation System input parameters
TABLE 2 calculation results for various points of SOFC System
TABLE 3 thermodynamic parameters at various points of the bottom cycle
TABLE 4 Cogeneration System Performance parameters
In addition, the two-stage organic Rankine cycle system of the system can be used for recovering medium-high temperature heat sources with the temperature range of more than 300 ℃, such as exhaust waste heat of an internal combustion engine, exhaust waste heat of a gas turbine and the like, and the combined supply system has good effects as shown in figures 2 and 3.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application, and various modifications and changes may be made by those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and the like made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.
Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described with reference to the accompanying drawings, it is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without inventive efforts by those skilled in the art based on the technical solution of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. A fuel cell co-generation power generation system based on double-stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization is characterized in that: the system comprises an SOFC system, a two-stage organic Rankine cycle system and an LNG cold energy utilization system;
the SOFC system is configured to generate electrochemical reaction by taking air and a mixture of fuel and water as raw materials and output electric energy to the outside;
the SOFC system is configured to be used with a gas turbine, unreacted combustible gas discharged by an anode and excess air discharged by a cathode of the SOFC system are combusted and then sent to the gas turbine to perform external expansion work to generate exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas of the gas turbine is sequentially used for preheating air, fuel and water and then sent to a first heat exchanger to drive a two-stage organic Rankine cycle system;
the two-stage organic Rankine cycle system comprises a first-stage organic Rankine cycle system and a second-stage organic Rankine cycle system, wherein the first-stage organic Rankine cycle system is configured to perform Rankine cycle external work by using exhaust gas of a gas turbine as a heat source and LNG as a cold source and adopt a first cycle working medium, and the second-stage organic Rankine cycle system is configured to perform Rankine cycle external work by using exhaust gas of a turbine of the first-stage organic Rankine cycle system as a heat source and LNG as a cold source and adopt a second cycle working medium; wherein the temperature of the driving heat source of the first stage organic Rankine cycle is higher than the temperature of the driving heat source of the second stage organic Rankine cycle;
the LNG cold energy utilization system is configured to adopt LNG to be sequentially used for cooling a second circulating working medium, a first circulating working medium and air, the latter part is used as an electrochemical reaction raw material of the SOFC system, and one part is used for externally expanding to apply work to recover pressure energy;
the first-stage organic Rankine cycle system comprises a first heat exchanger, a first turbine, a second heat exchanger, a first condenser and a second pump which are sequentially connected in a circulating manner, the first cycle working medium saturated liquid is pressurized by the second pump and heated by the first heat exchanger to be in an overheat state, then expands in the first turbine to do work and becomes turbine exhaust gas, and after partial heat is released in the second heat exchanger, the turbine exhaust gas is condensed into saturated liquid by LNG in the first condenser so as to complete the whole cycle;
the second-stage organic Rankine cycle system comprises a second heat exchanger, a second turbine, a second condenser and a third pump which are sequentially connected in a circulating manner, the second cycle working medium saturated liquid is pressurized by the third pump and heated by the second heat exchanger to be in an overheat state, then expands in the second turbine to do work and is changed into turbine exhaust gas, and the turbine exhaust gas is condensed into saturated liquid by LNG in the second condenser so as to complete the whole cycle.
2. The fuel cell cogeneration power generation system based on dual stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization of claim 1, wherein: in the SOFC system, air is subjected to primary compression by a first air compressor, LNG condensation cooling by an intercooler and secondary compression by a second air compressor and then is boosted to the SOFC operation pressure, and then is preheated by a first preheater and then is sent to the SOFC cathode.
3. The fuel cell cogeneration power generation system based on dual stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization of claim 1, wherein: in the SOFC system, fuel is heated by a second preheater and then is conveyed to a mixer, water is pressurized to the SOFC operation pressure by a first pump, is heated by a third air preheater and then is conveyed to the mixer, and is mixed with the fuel and then is conveyed to the SOFC anode.
4. The fuel cell cogeneration power generation system based on dual stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization of claim 1, wherein: and the unreacted combustible gas discharged by the SOFC anode and the excess air discharged by the SOFC cathode are sent into a post combustion chamber together for combustion to generate high-temperature and high-pressure gas, and the high-temperature and high-pressure gas is sent into a gas turbine to perform external expansion work.
5. The fuel cell cogeneration power generation system based on dual stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization of claim 1, wherein: the SOFC system outputs direct current to the outside, and the direct current is converted into alternating current through an inverter and is output.
6. The fuel cell cogeneration power generation system based on dual stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization of claim 1, wherein: the first cycle fluid includes, but is not limited to, toluene, benzene, nonane, octane, MDM, and D4.
7. The fuel cell cogeneration power generation system based on dual stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization of claim 1, wherein: the second cycle fluid includes, but is not limited to, R600, R245fa, R123, R142b, R236ea, and R600 a.
8. The fuel cell cogeneration power generation system based on dual stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization of claim 1, wherein: the LNG cold energy utilization system comprises an LNG storage tank, a fourth pump, a second condenser, a first condenser, an intercooler and a third turbine which are connected in sequence, the LNG is pressurized to the running pressure of the SOFC system by the fourth pump and then flows through the second condenser, the first condenser and the intercooler in sequence, and the back part of the LNG expands and works outwards through the third turbine.
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| CN201810877441.8A CN108979769B (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2018-08-03 | Fuel cell combined supply power generation system based on double-stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization |
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| CN201810877441.8A CN108979769B (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2018-08-03 | Fuel cell combined supply power generation system based on double-stage ORC and LNG cold energy utilization |
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| CN109826683A (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2019-05-31 | 上海海事大学 | A kind of organic Rankine cycle power generation system that can efficiently utilize cryogenic cold energy |
| CN109958534A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-07-02 | 山东大学 | Utilize the reverse-flow type fuel cell generation and its working method of LNG cold energy |
| CN110761960A (en) * | 2019-10-10 | 2020-02-07 | 东方电气集团东方汽轮机有限公司 | Geothermal-coupling LNG cold energy reheating power generation system and method |
| CN110761864B (en) * | 2019-11-08 | 2021-12-07 | 江苏科技大学 | Novel cold energy comprehensive utilization system of liquefied natural gas power container ship |
| CN110863961B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2021-08-31 | 西安石油大学 | Supercritical CO2Recompression brayton and LNG combined cycle power generation system |
| CN111577413B (en) * | 2020-05-19 | 2022-04-29 | 西安石油大学 | LNG light hydrocarbon separation coupling two-stage organic Rankine combined cycle power generation system |
| CN111911254B (en) * | 2020-06-28 | 2022-03-18 | 东风汽车集团有限公司 | Energy recovery device of fuel cell system |
| CN112648032B (en) * | 2020-12-25 | 2022-06-17 | 西安石油大学 | BOG gas turbine double-stage organic Rankine combined cycle power generation system utilizing LNG cold energy |
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