CN110761864B - Novel cold energy comprehensive utilization system of liquefied natural gas power container ship - Google Patents
Novel cold energy comprehensive utilization system of liquefied natural gas power container ship Download PDFInfo
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K27/00—Plants for converting heat or fluid energy into mechanical energy, not otherwise provided for
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F1/00—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage
- C02F1/02—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating
- C02F1/04—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation
- C02F1/16—Treatment of water, waste water, or sewage by heating by distillation or evaporation using waste heat from other processes
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
- F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
- F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02G—HOT GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT ENGINE PLANTS; USE OF WASTE HEAT OF COMBUSTION ENGINES; NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F02G5/00—Profiting from waste heat of combustion engines, not otherwise provided for
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F2103/00—Nature of the water, waste water, sewage or sludge to be treated
- C02F2103/08—Seawater, e.g. for desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A20/00—Water conservation; Efficient water supply; Efficient water use
- Y02A20/124—Water desalination
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
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Abstract
The invention discloses a comprehensive utilization system of cold energy of an LNG power container ship, which is characterized in that the method uses two-stage cascade Rankine cycle power generation based on an integral IFV to convert LNG high-grade cold energy of main and auxiliary fuel into electric energy, adds a high-temperature refrigeration house system into one path of IFV internal flow of the auxiliary fuel to serve as a preheater of a first Rankine cycle, adds a seawater desalination system into one path of first IFV internal flow of the main fuel to serve as a preheater of the first Rankine cycle, pressurizes LNG coming out of the first IFV by a high-pressure pump to enter a second IFV and uses a single-stage cycle to generate power, adds a low-temperature Rankine refrigeration house system into the IFV internal flow to serve as a preheater, and after pressurization, BOG is converged with a low-pressure NG pipeline and then is sent into an air conditioning module together with the high-pressure NG pipeline; and finally, the NG with different pressures is heated to 45 ℃ by using the cylinder sleeve water of the main engine and is sent to the main engine and the auxiliary engine, and the efficient utilization of cold energy is realized by the method.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of ships, in particular to a comprehensive utilization method of LNG cold energy based on an integral IFV (intermediate frequency transformer) for ship power generation, refrigeration houses, desalination, air conditioning and the like based on a novel integral intermediate medium gasifier.
Background
In the next 15 years, China is still in the state of rapid increase of natural gas demand, and the natural gas demand in China is expected to break through 5000 x 108m3 by 2030. Huge natural gas demand is mainly storing and transporting with microthermal Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) through natural gas cryrogenic mode at present, but LNG needs to gasify LNG to the normal atmospheric temperature when arriving user terminal and using, and this in-process can release a large amount of cold energy, and this part cold energy if can not obtain effective utilization, not only causes the huge waste of energy, can produce adverse effect to the environment moreover.
Currently, an intermediate medium vaporizer is abbreviated as: the IFV has the advantages of compact structure, higher heat exchange efficiency, no need of additional consumption of natural gas, capability of adapting to seawater and running conditions with different water qualities, good economical efficiency and universal use. However, the existing IFV cannot directly utilize the vaporization cold energy of LNG, and the LNG vaporization cold energy is directly taken away by seawater and discharged into the sea, so that a large amount of cold energy is wasted, and the adverse effect on marine organisms is generated. The system for comprehensively utilizing the cold energy of the LNG is considered based on the land LNG vaporizing station, and the occupied space of the system is not restricted, so the original integral IFV in the system is divided into three separately connected heat exchangers of an LNG vaporizer, an intermediate medium vaporizer and an NG temperature regulator. At the moment, an intermediate medium circulating pump is required to be arranged in the middle of the system, and seawater does not heat NG first and then heats the intermediate medium, but independently enters the NG temperature regulator and the intermediate medium vaporizer respectively, so that the whole formed LNG vaporization cold energy utilization system is complex and large. The ship engine room is restricted by limited space, and if the separate equipment is adopted, the system structure is complex, the occupied area is large, and the system is limited by the space of the ship engine room and is difficult to implement.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is as follows: in order to solve the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a novel cold energy comprehensive utilization system of an LNG power container ship, which comprises the following steps: firstly, based on the integral IFV, converting LNG high-grade cold energy of main and auxiliary engine fuels into electric energy by using two-stage cascade Rankine cycle power generation, adding a high-temperature refrigerator system into one path of IFV of the auxiliary engine fuels to serve as a first-stage preheater of two paths of cascade Rankine cycles, and gasifying the LNG of the auxiliary engine path into NG after the LNG comes out of the IFV; then adding the seawater desalination system into a first IFV internal flow path of one path of fuel for a main engine to serve as a first-stage preheater of two paths of cascade Rankine cycles, wherein LNG is not gasified after coming out of the IFV, so that the LNG coming out of the first IFV is pressurized to the main engine inlet pressure through a high-pressure pump to enter a second IFV and uses a single-stage Rankine cycle to generate power, adding the low-temperature refrigeration house system into the IFV internal flow path to serve as the preheater, and the LNG coming out of the IFV is gasified into NG; then the BOG is pressurized and then is converged with a low-pressure NG fuel pipeline of the auxiliary engine and then is sent into the air-conditioning module, and the high-pressure NG fuel of the main engine is also sent into the air-conditioning module; and finally, heating NG with different pressures to 45 ℃ by using cooling water of a cylinder sleeve of the main machine, and sending the NG into the main machine and the auxiliary machine.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the cold energy comprehensive utilization system for the novel lng-powered container ship comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: LNG (liquefied Natural gas) for supplying one path of auxiliary engine fuel to operate two-stage cascade Rankine cycle power generation based on integral IFV (internal Combustion Voltage)
Pressurizing LNG from a storage tank to 0.5-1 MPa, controlling the temperature to-162-160 ℃, sending the LNG into an integral IFV, enabling a first-stage Rankine cycle working medium to absorb part of heat of a high-temperature refrigeration house system working medium, absorbing the heat of a second-stage Rankine cycle working medium and the heat of cylinder sleeve water to be gasified, cooling and liquefying the LNG after the work of an expander and gasifying the LNG into NG, enabling the second-stage Rankine cycle working medium to absorb part of waste heat of the cylinder sleeve water of a main engine to be gasified, and cooling and liquefying the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium after the work of the expander;
step two: LNG (liquefied Natural gas) for supplying main engine fuel all the way and applying two-stage cascade Rankine cycle power generation based on integral IFV (internal Combustion Engine)
Pressurizing LNG from a storage tank to 15-17 Mpa, raising the temperature to-153.2-155 ℃, sending the LNG into an integral IFV, enabling a first-stage Rankine cycle working medium to firstly absorb part of heat of a seawater desalination system working medium, then absorbing the heat of a second-stage Rankine cycle working medium and the heat of cylinder liner water to be gasified, cooling and liquefying the LNG after the work of an expander, raising the temperature of the LNG to-85-82 ℃, enabling the second-stage Rankine cycle working medium to absorb part of waste heat of the main engine cylinder liner water to be gasified, and cooling and liquefying the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium after the work of the expander;
step three: LNG (liquefied Natural gas) for supplying main engine fuel in one way and based on integral IFV (internal Combustion Engine) and utilizing single-stage Rankine cycle for power generation
The LNG temperature rises to-85 to-88 ℃ and is still not gasified, the LNG coming out from the first IFV is pressurized to 30MPa to 32MPa again through a high-pressure pump, the temperature rises to-73 to-75 ℃, the LNG is sent into the second IFV, the working medium of the single-stage LNG Rankine cycle cold energy generator system firstly absorbs the heat of the working medium of the low-temperature refrigeration house system, then absorbs the heat of the cylinder sleeve water to be gasified, the LNG is cooled and liquefied after the work of the expansion machine, and the LNG is gasified to NG;
step four: the high-temperature refrigeration house system is nested in the internal flow of the IFV for supplying auxiliary engine fuel all the way
After the high-temperature refrigerator working medium enters a high-temperature refrigerator heat exchanger to exchange heat with a first-stage working medium of two-stage cascade Rankine cycle of one path of auxiliary engine fuel, the temperature is reduced to-70 ℃ to-68 ℃, then the high-temperature refrigerator working medium is pressurized by a working medium pump to enter an evaporator to exchange heat with air of a high-temperature refrigerator, the requirement of the cooling load of the high-temperature refrigerator is met, and the high-temperature refrigerator working medium heated to 0-3 ℃ returns to the high-temperature refrigerator heat exchanger to exchange heat with the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium again;
step five: the seawater desalination system is nested in the internal flow of the IFV for supplying the main engine fuel all the way
When the seawater desalination working medium enters a seawater desalination heat exchanger to exchange heat with a first-stage working medium of a two-stage Rankine cycle of one path of fuel for an auxiliary engine, the temperature is reduced to-100 ℃ to-98 ℃, and then the seawater desalination working medium is pressurized by a working medium pump to enter an evaporator to exchange heat with seawater so as to meet the cooling load requirement of a seawater desalination system; the seawater desalination working medium heated to-5 ℃ to-3 ℃ returns to the seawater desalination heat exchanger again to exchange heat with the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium;
step six: the low-temperature cold storage system is nested in the internal flow of the IFV for supplying the main engine fuel all the way
When the working medium of the low-temperature refrigerator enters a low-temperature refrigerator heat exchanger to exchange heat with a single-stage working medium which is used for supplying the main engine fuel, the temperature is reduced to minus 20 ℃ to minus 18 ℃, then the low-temperature refrigerator is pressurized by a working medium pump to enter an evaporator to exchange heat with the air of the low-temperature refrigerator so as to meet the requirement of the cooling load of the low-temperature refrigerator, and the working medium which is heated to 0 ℃ to 2 ℃ returns to the low-temperature refrigerator heat exchanger to exchange heat with the single-stage Rankine cycle working medium again;
step seven: NG cold energy for air conditioner cooling
After the BOG is compressed to 0.5MPa to 1MPa by a compressor, the temperature is raised to-3.7 ℃ to-3 ℃, the BOG and the NG with the pressure of 0.5MPa to 1MPa in the step one are converged, the converged NG and the NG with the pressure of 30MPa to 32MPa in the step three enter a heat exchanger of an air conditioning system to exchange heat with a working medium of the air conditioning system, the temperature of the working medium of the air conditioning system is lowered to 0 ℃ to 2 ℃, the working medium is pressurized by a working medium pump and enters an evaporator to exchange heat with air, and the working medium heated to 5.4 ℃ to 6 ℃ returns to the heat exchanger of the air conditioning system again to exchange heat with the NG;
step eight: cylinder sleeve cooling water heating low-temperature NG
And when the two streams of NG with different pressures exchange heat with the air-conditioning circulating working medium in the seventh step, the temperature is 0-2 ℃, the two streams of NG enter a heat exchanger, are heated to 45-48 ℃ by cylinder sleeve water, and the heated NG is respectively sent to the main engine and the auxiliary engine.
Preferably, in the first step and the second step, the two-way Rankine cycle second-stage working medium is condensed in the respective gasifier and then is merged, and then the two-way Rankine cycle second-stage working medium and the two-way Rankine cycle second-stage working medium enter a working medium pump (P6) in the second-stage cycle of the Rankine cycle to be pressurized together, then are subjected to heat exchange with cylinder jacket cooling water to be changed into high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and the high-temperature and high-pressure steam is sent to a turbine to do work and generate power, and finally is shunted and enters the respective gasifier to be condensed.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, in the fifth step, isobutane is used as the refrigerant of the seawater desalination system.
Preferably, in the seventh step, the temperatures of the two streams of NG with different pressures and the air-conditioning circulating working medium after heat exchange are 0-5 ℃.
The storage tank is preferably a storage tank on a 9200TEU container ship dual-fuel engine, and the main engine intake pressure of the engine is 25-30 MPa and the auxiliary engine intake pressure is 0.5-0.7 MPa.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the single-stage LNG rankine cycle cold energy generator system includes an integral intermediate medium gasifier, a heat source working medium pump, a working medium pump and an expander.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the intermediate medium inlet and outlet in a vapor state at two ends of the intermediate medium channel of the integrated intermediate medium gasifier are connected with two ends of the turbine, and the intermediate medium inlet and outlet in a condensed liquid state is connected with the working medium pump, and the intermediate medium forms an organic working medium rankine cycle through the gasifier, the working medium pump and the novel integrated intermediate medium turbine.
As a further preferable mode of the invention, the two-stage cascade rankine cycle power generation system comprises a novel integral intermediate medium gasifier, a heat source working medium pump, a working medium pump, an expansion machine and a heat exchanger.
As a further optimization of the invention, the intermediate medium in the intermediate channel of the novel integral intermediate medium gasifier is a two-stage Rankine cycle first-stage working medium, the cycle formed by the intermediate medium is the first-stage cycle of the two-stage Rankine cycle, a partition plate is added into the heat source working medium channel of the novel integral intermediate medium gasifier, two channel outlets are formed in the shell, the vaporous working medium of the second-stage cycle of the two-stage Rankine cycle enters the lower channel of the novel integral intermediate medium gasifier from the channel inlet of the front heat exchange area, exchanges heat with the first-stage working medium and then flows out from the end channel outlet of the rear heat exchange area as a low-pressure liquid working medium, the heat source working medium enters from the end inlet of the rear heat exchange area of the channel, exchanges heat with the first working medium to change the vaporous working medium into high-temperature high-pressure steam, then flows out from the channel outlet of the rear heat exchange area close to the partition plate, and the two working media pass through the novel integral intermediate medium gasifier, The working medium pump, the expander and the heat exchanger form a two-stage Rankine cycle power generation system.
As a further preferred aspect of the present invention, the heat sources of the single-stage LNG rankine cycle cold energy generator system and the two-stage cascade rankine cycle power generation system are both main cylinder jacket cooling water.
As a further preferable aspect of the present invention, the working medium of the first rankine cycle of the two-stage rankine cycle for supplying the auxiliary engine fuel in one path is a mixed working medium, and the components of the mixed working medium are methane, ethane and R1150.
As a further optimization of the invention, the mixture ratio of the components of the mixed working medium is as follows: methane: ethane: r1150 is 5:1: 4.
Preferably, the two-stage Rankine cycle first-stage Rankine cycle working medium for supplying the main engine fuel in one path is a mixed working medium, and the components of the mixed working medium are methane, ethane and propane.
As a further optimization of the invention, the mixture ratio of the components of the mixed working medium is as follows: methane: ethane: propane 1:8: 1.
In a further preferable mode of the invention, the second-stage cycle of the two-way Rankine cycle of the main engine and the auxiliary engine adopts propylene as a working medium.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the working medium of the single-stage rankine power generation cycle in the high-pressure pipeline for the main fuel is propylene.
The further optimization of the invention is that the refrigerant of the high-temperature refrigeration house system adopts trifluoromethane; the refrigerant of the low-temperature refrigeration house system adopts n-butane.
In a further preferred embodiment of the present invention, the refrigerant of the air conditioning system is ethylene glycol.
Has the advantages that: the novel cold energy comprehensive utilization system for the liquefied natural gas power container ship has the following advantages:
1. the design is carried out according to the principle of high integration and high efficiency of energy cascade utilization;
2. the LNG high-quality cold energy is utilized for power generation, and the cold load requirements of seawater desalination, a low-temperature cold storage warehouse, a high-temperature cold storage warehouse and an air conditioner are indirectly met;
3. the LNG cold energy of the ship is effectively utilized, and huge waste of energy and adverse influence on the environment are reduced.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of the present invention;
in fig. 1: IFV: 1. 2, 3; an expander: k1, K2, K3, K4; a high-pressure pump: p1, P7; a compressor: k101; mixed working medium 2 power generation working medium pump: p2; mixed working medium 1 power generation working medium pump: p4; propylene power generation working medium P6; propylene power generation working medium pump: p9; cylinder liner water heat exchanger: LNG7, LNG 12; LNG heat exchanger: LNG 11; isobutane working medium pump: p3; a trifluoromethane working medium pump: p5; n-butane working medium pump: p8; ethylene glycol working medium pump: p10; a seawater desalination evaporator: e100; high temperature freezer evaporimeter: e101; low-temperature freezer evaporimeter: e102; an air-conditioning evaporator: e103; a propylene mixer: m1; BOG and low pressure NG mixer: m2; a propylene splitter.
Detailed Description
The invention is further elucidated with reference to the drawings and the embodiments.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides a system for comprehensively utilizing cold energy of a novel liquefied natural gas power container ship, which comprises the following steps: firstly, based on the integral IFV, the high-grade cold energy of LNG (liquefied natural gas) of main and auxiliary fuel is converted into electric energy by using two-stage cascade Rankine cycle power generation, a high-temperature refrigerator system is added into the internal flow of one-way IFV1 of the auxiliary fuel to serve as a first-stage preheater of two-way cascade Rankine cycle, and the one-way LNG of the auxiliary fuel is gasified into NG after coming out of an IFV 1; then the seawater desalination system is added into a first IFV2 internal flow path for one path of main engine fuel to be used as a first-stage preheater of two paths of cascade Rankine cycles, LNG is not gasified after coming out of the IFV2, therefore, the LNG coming out of the first IFV is pressurized to main engine inlet pressure through a high-pressure pump P7 to enter a second IFV3 and uses a single-stage Rankine cycle to generate electricity, a low-temperature cold storage system is added into the IFV3 internal flow path to be used as the preheater, and the LNG is gasified into NG after coming out of the IFV 3; then the BOG is pressurized and then is converged with a low-pressure NG fuel pipeline of the auxiliary engine and then is sent into the air-conditioning module, and the high-pressure NG fuel of the main engine is also sent into the air-conditioning module; and finally, heating NG with different pressures to 45 ℃ by using cooling water of a cylinder sleeve of the main machine, and sending the NG into the main machine and the auxiliary machine.
Example 1
The method comprises the following steps: LNG (liquefied Natural gas) for supplying one path of auxiliary engine fuel to operate two-stage cascade Rankine cycle power generation based on integral IFV (internal Combustion Voltage)
Pressurizing LNG from a storage tank to 0.5MPa, enabling the LNG to be at-162 ℃, sending the LNG into an integral IFV1, enabling a first-stage Rankine cycle working medium to absorb part of heat of a high-temperature refrigeration house system working medium, absorbing heat of a second-stage Rankine cycle working medium and heat of cylinder sleeve water to be gasified, cooling and liquefying the LNG after acting through an expansion machine K2, gasifying the LNG into NG, enabling the second-stage Rankine cycle working medium to absorb part of waste heat of the main engine cylinder sleeve water to be gasified, and cooling and liquefying the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium after acting through the expansion machine K3;
step two: LNG (liquefied Natural gas) for supplying main engine fuel all the way and applying two-stage cascade Rankine cycle power generation based on integral IFV (internal Combustion Engine)
Pressurizing LNG from the storage tank to 15Mpa, raising the temperature to-155 ℃, sending the LNG into the integral IFV1, the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium absorbs part of heat of the working medium of the seawater desalination system, absorbs the heat of the second-stage Rankine cycle working medium and the heat of the cylinder sleeve water to be gasified, the LNG is cooled and liquefied after the expansion machine K1 applies work, the temperature of the LNG rises to-85 ℃, the second-stage Rankine cycle working medium absorbs part of waste heat of the main engine cylinder sleeve water to be gasified, the LNG is cooled and liquefied by the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium after the expansion machine K3 applies work, in the first step and the second step, the two paths of second-stage working media of the cascade Rankine cycle are condensed in the respective gasifiers and then are merged, and the two paths of second-stage working media enter a working medium pump P6 in the second-stage cycle of the cascade Rankine cycle together for pressurization, then the steam is converted into high-temperature high-pressure steam through heat exchange with cylinder jacket cooling water, the high-temperature high-pressure steam is sent into a turbine K3 to do work and generate power, and finally the high-temperature high-pressure steam is divided into streams and then enters respective gasifiers to be condensed;
step three: LNG (liquefied Natural gas) for supplying main engine fuel in one way and based on integral IFV (internal Combustion Engine) and utilizing single-stage Rankine cycle for power generation
When the temperature of LNG rises to-85 ℃ and is still unvaporized, the LNG coming out of the first IFV1 is pressurized to 30MPa again through a high-pressure pump P7, the temperature rises to-73 ℃, the LNG is sent into the second IFV3, the working medium of the single-stage LNG Rankine cycle cold energy generator system firstly absorbs the heat of the working medium of the low-temperature refrigeration house system, then absorbs the heat of cylinder sleeve water to be gasified, and the LNG is cooled and liquefied after acting through an expander K4 and is gasified to NG;
step four: the high-temperature refrigeration house system is nested in the internal flow of the IFV for supplying auxiliary engine fuel all the way
After the high-temperature refrigerator working medium enters a high-temperature refrigerator heat exchanger to exchange heat with a first-stage working medium of a two-stage cascade Rankine cycle of one path of auxiliary engine fuel, the temperature is reduced to-70 ℃, then the high-temperature refrigerator working medium is pressurized by a working medium pump P5 to enter an evaporator E101 to exchange heat with air of a high-temperature refrigerator, the requirement of the cooling load of the high-temperature refrigerator is met, and the high-temperature refrigerator working medium heated to 0-3 ℃ returns to the high-temperature refrigerator heat exchanger to exchange heat with the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium again;
step five: the seawater desalination system is nested in the internal flow of the IFV for supplying the main engine fuel all the way
When the seawater desalination working medium enters a seawater desalination heat exchanger to exchange heat with a first-stage working medium of a two-stage Rankine cycle of one path of auxiliary engine fuel, the temperature is reduced to-100 ℃, and then the seawater desalination working medium is pressurized by a working medium pump P3 to enter an evaporator E100 to exchange heat with seawater so as to meet the cold load requirement of a seawater desalination system; returning the seawater desalination working medium heated to-5 ℃ to the seawater desalination heat exchanger to exchange heat with the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium, wherein isobutane is adopted as a refrigerant of the seawater desalination system;
step six: the low-temperature cold storage system is nested in the internal flow of the IFV for supplying the main engine fuel all the way
When the low-temperature cold storage working medium enters a low-temperature cold storage heat exchanger to exchange heat with a single-stage working medium on the way of the main engine fuel, the temperature is reduced to-20 ℃, then the low-temperature cold storage is pressurized by a working medium pump P8 to enter an evaporator E102 to exchange heat with air of the low-temperature cold storage so as to meet the requirement of the cooling load of the low-temperature cold storage, and the working medium heated to 0 ℃ returns to the low-temperature cold storage heat exchanger to exchange heat with the single-stage Rankine cycle working medium again;
step seven: NG cold energy for air conditioner cooling
After BOG is compressed to 0.5MPa, the temperature rises to-3.7 ℃, the BOG and the NG with the pressure of 0.5MPa in the step one are merged, the merged NG and the NG with the pressure of 30MPa in the step three enter a heat exchanger LNG11 of an air conditioning system together to exchange heat with a working medium of the air conditioning system, the temperature of the working medium of the air conditioning system is reduced to 0 ℃, then the merged NG and the NG are pressurized by a working medium pump P10 to enter an evaporator E103 to exchange heat with air, and the working medium heated to 5.4 ℃ returns to a heat exchanger LNG11 of the air conditioning system again to exchange heat with the NG; the temperature of the two streams of NG with different pressures after heat exchange with the air-conditioning circulating working medium is 0 ℃.
Step eight: cylinder sleeve cooling water heating low-temperature NG
And when the two streams of NG with different pressures exchange heat with the air-conditioning circulating working medium in the seventh step, the temperature is 0 ℃, the two streams of NG enter a heat exchanger LNG12, are heated to 45 ℃ by cylinder sleeve water, and the heated NG is respectively sent to the main engine and the auxiliary engine.
Example 2
The method comprises the following steps: LNG (liquefied Natural gas) for supplying one path of auxiliary engine fuel to operate two-stage cascade Rankine cycle power generation based on integral IFV (internal Combustion Voltage)
The method comprises the steps that LNG (liquefied natural gas) coming out of a storage tank is pressurized to 1MPa, the temperature is-160 ℃, the LNG is sent into an integral IFV1, a first-stage Rankine cycle working medium firstly absorbs part of heat of a high-temperature refrigeration house system working medium, then absorbs heat of a second-stage Rankine cycle working medium and heat of cylinder sleeve water to be gasified, the LNG is cooled and liquefied after acting through an expansion machine K2, and is gasified to NG, the second-stage Rankine cycle working medium absorbs part of waste heat of the main engine cylinder sleeve water to be gasified, and the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium is cooled and liquefied after acting through the expansion machine K3;
step two: LNG (liquefied Natural gas) for supplying main engine fuel all the way and applying two-stage cascade Rankine cycle power generation based on integral IFV (internal Combustion Engine)
Pressurizing LNG from a storage tank to 17Mpa, raising the temperature to-153.2 ℃, sending the LNG into an integral IFV (2), enabling a first-stage Rankine cycle working medium to firstly absorb part of heat of a seawater desalination system working medium, then absorbing heat of a second-stage Rankine cycle working medium and heat of cylinder sleeve water to be gasified, performing work through an expander K1, cooling and liquefying the LNG, enabling the temperature of the LNG to rise to-82 ℃, enabling the second-stage Rankine cycle working medium to absorb part of waste heat of the main engine cylinder sleeve water to be gasified, performing work through an expander K3, cooling and liquefying the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium, condensing and converging the two paths of cascade Rankine cycle second-stage working media in respective gasifiers in the first step and the second-stage working medium, enabling the condensed and converged working media to enter a working medium pump P6 in the second-stage cycle of the cascade Rankine cycle together for pressurization, then performing heat exchange with the cylinder sleeve water to obtain high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and sending the high-temperature steam to a turbine K3 for power generation, finally, the separated flows enter respective gasifiers to be condensed
Step three: LNG (liquefied Natural gas) for supplying main engine fuel in one way and based on integral IFV (internal Combustion Engine) and utilizing single-stage Rankine cycle for power generation
When the temperature of LNG rises to-88 ℃ and is still unvaporized, the LNG coming out of the first IFV2 is pressurized to 32MPa again through a high-pressure pump P7, the temperature rises to-75 ℃, the LNG is sent into the second IFV3, the working medium of the single-stage LNG Rankine cycle cold energy generator system firstly absorbs the heat of the working medium of the low-temperature refrigeration house system, then absorbs the heat of cylinder sleeve water to be gasified, and the LNG is cooled and liquefied after acting through an expander K4 and is gasified to NG;
step four: the high-temperature refrigeration house system is nested in the internal flow of the IFV for supplying auxiliary engine fuel all the way
After the high-temperature refrigerator working medium enters a high-temperature refrigerator heat exchanger to exchange heat with a first-stage working medium of a two-stage cascade Rankine cycle of one path of auxiliary engine fuel, the temperature is reduced to-68 ℃, then the high-temperature refrigerator working medium is pressurized by a working medium pump P5 to enter an evaporator E101 to exchange heat with air of a high-temperature refrigerator, the requirement of the cooling load of the high-temperature refrigerator is met, and the high-temperature refrigerator working medium heated to 3 ℃ returns to the high-temperature refrigerator heat exchanger to exchange heat with the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium again;
step five: the seawater desalination system is nested in the internal flow of the IFV for supplying the main engine fuel all the way
When the seawater desalination working medium enters a seawater desalination heat exchanger to exchange heat with a first-stage working medium of a two-stage Rankine cycle of one path of auxiliary engine fuel, the temperature is reduced to-98 ℃, and then the seawater desalination working medium is pressurized by a working medium pump P3 to enter an evaporator E100 to exchange heat with seawater so as to meet the cold load requirement of a seawater desalination system; returning the seawater desalination working medium heated to-3 ℃ to the seawater desalination heat exchanger to exchange heat with the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium, wherein isobutane is adopted as a refrigerant of the seawater desalination system;
step six: the low-temperature cold storage system is nested in the internal flow of the IFV for supplying the main engine fuel all the way
When the low-temperature cold storage working medium enters a low-temperature cold storage heat exchanger to exchange heat with a single-stage working medium on the way of the main engine fuel, the temperature is reduced to-18 ℃, then the low-temperature cold storage is pressurized by a working medium pump P8 to enter an evaporator E102 to exchange heat with air of the low-temperature cold storage so as to meet the requirement of the cooling load of the low-temperature cold storage, and the working medium heated to 2 ℃ returns to the low-temperature cold storage heat exchanger to exchange heat with the single-stage Rankine cycle working medium again;
step seven: NG cold energy for air conditioner cooling
After BOG is compressed to 0.5MPa to 1MPa, the temperature rises to-3 ℃, the BOG and the NG with the pressure of 1MPa in the step one are merged, the merged NG and the NG with the pressure of 32MPa in the step three enter a heat exchanger LNG11 of an air conditioning system together to exchange heat with a working medium of the air conditioning system, the temperature of the working medium of the air conditioning system is reduced to 2 ℃, then the merged NG and the NG are pressurized by a working medium pump P10 to enter an evaporator E103 to exchange heat with air, and the working medium heated to 5.4 ℃ to 6 ℃ returns to a heat exchanger LNG11 of the air conditioning system again to exchange heat with the NG; the temperature of the two streams of NG with different pressures after heat exchange with the air-conditioning circulating working medium is 5 ℃.
Step eight: cylinder sleeve cooling water heating low-temperature NG
And when the two streams of NG with different pressures exchange heat with the air-conditioning circulating working medium in the seventh step, the temperature is 2 ℃, the two streams of NG enter a heat exchanger LNG12, are heated to 48 ℃ by cylinder sleeve water, and the heated NG is respectively sent to the main engine and the auxiliary engine.
Claims (9)
1. The utility model provides a novel liquefied natural gas power container ship cold energy comprehensive utilization system which characterized in that includes:
the integrated IFV is used for converting LNG high-grade cold energy of main and auxiliary fuel into electric energy by using two-stage cascade Rankine cycle power generation, adding a high-temperature refrigerator system into the internal flow of the integrated IFV (1) of one path of the auxiliary fuel to serve as a preheater of the first stage of the two paths of cascade Rankine cycles, and gasifying the LNG of the one path of the auxiliary fuel into NG after coming out of the integrated IFV;
the seawater desalination system is used for being added into the internal flow of a first integral IFV (2) for supplying one path of main engine fuel to serve as a first-stage preheater of two paths of cascade Rankine cycles, LNG is not gasified after coming out of the first integral IFV (2), therefore, the LNG coming out of the first integral IFV (2) is pressurized to the main engine inlet pressure through a high-pressure pump, enters a second integral IFV (3) and generates electricity by applying a single-stage Rankine cycle, the low-temperature refrigeration house system is added into the internal flow of the second integral IFV (3) to serve as the preheater, and the LNG is gasified to be NG after coming out of the second integral IFV (3);
the BOG is used for feeding pressurized high-pressure NG fuel into the air-conditioning module after being converged with a low-pressure NG fuel pipeline of the auxiliary engine, and feeding high-pressure NG fuel of the main engine into the air-conditioning module;
the main engine cylinder sleeve cooling water system is used for heating NG with different pressures to 20-45 ℃ and sending the NG into the main engine and the auxiliary engine;
the method comprises the following specific steps:
the method comprises the following steps: LNG which is used as one path of auxiliary engine fuel is pressurized to 0.5 MPa-1 MPa and is delivered to the integral IFV (1) at the temperature of-162 ℃ to-160 ℃ by utilizing two-stage cascade Rankine cycle power generation based on the integral IFV, the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium absorbs part of heat of a high-temperature refrigeration house system working medium firstly and then absorbs the heat of a second-stage Rankine cycle working medium and cylinder liner water to be gasified, the LNG is cooled and liquefied after acting through an expander (K2) and is gasified into NG, the second-stage Rankine cycle working medium absorbs part of waste heat of the cylinder liner water of a main engine to be gasified, and the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium is cooled and liquefied after acting through the expander (K3);
step two: LNG for supplying the main engine fuel to one path is used for pressurizing LNG from a storage tank to 15-17 Mpa by utilizing two-stage cascade Rankine cycle power generation based on an integral IFV, the temperature is raised to-153.2-155 ℃, the LNG is sent into a first integral IFV (2), the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium firstly absorbs part of heat of a seawater desalination system working medium, then absorbs the heat of a second-stage Rankine cycle working medium and heat of cylinder liner water to be gasified, the LNG is cooled and liquefied after acting through an expander (K1), the temperature of the LNG is raised to-85-82 ℃, the second-stage Rankine cycle working medium absorbs part of waste heat of the cylinder liner water of the main engine to be gasified, and the LNG is cooled and liquefied by the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium after acting through the expander (K3);
step three: when the temperature of LNG for supplying one path of main engine fuel is increased to-85 to-88 ℃ and still is not gasified by applying single-stage Rankine cycle power generation based on the integral IFV, the LNG coming out of the first integral IFV (2) is pressurized to 30MPa to 32MPa again through a high-pressure pump (P7), the temperature is increased to-73 to-75 ℃, and the LNG is sent into the second integral IFV (3), the working medium of the single-stage LNG Rankine cycle cold energy generator system firstly absorbs the heat of the working medium of the low-temperature refrigeration house system and then absorbs the heat of cylinder sleeve water to be gasified, the working medium is cooled and liquefied by the LNG after acting through an expansion machine (K4), and the LNG is gasified to NG;
step four: in the integral IFV internal flow of the auxiliary engine fuel path, when a high-temperature refrigerator working medium enters a high-temperature refrigerator heat exchanger to exchange heat with a first-stage working medium of a two-stage cascade Rankine cycle of the auxiliary engine fuel path, the temperature is reduced to-70 ℃ to-68 ℃, then the high-temperature refrigerator working medium is pressurized by a working medium pump (P5) to enter an evaporator (E101) to exchange heat with air of the high-temperature refrigerator, the cold load requirement of the high-temperature refrigerator is met, and the high-temperature refrigerator working medium heated to 0-3 ℃ returns to the high-temperature refrigerator heat exchanger to exchange heat with the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium again;
step five: in the integral IFV internal flow in which the seawater desalination system is nested in one path of the main engine fuel, when seawater desalination working media enter a seawater desalination heat exchanger to exchange heat with a first-stage working media of a two-stage Rankine cycle in one path of the auxiliary engine fuel, the temperature is reduced to-100 ℃ to-98 ℃, and then the seawater desalination working media are pressurized by a working media pump (P3) to enter an evaporator (E100) to exchange heat with seawater so as to meet the cold load requirement of the seawater desalination system; the seawater desalination working medium heated to-5 ℃ to-3 ℃ returns to the seawater desalination heat exchanger again to exchange heat with the first-stage Rankine cycle working medium;
step six: in the integral IFV internal flow of the main fuel supply path, when a low-temperature refrigeration house working medium enters a low-temperature refrigeration house heat exchanger to exchange heat with a single-stage working medium of the main fuel supply path, the temperature is reduced to-20 ℃ to-18 ℃, then the low-temperature refrigeration house is pressurized by a working medium pump (P8) to enter an evaporator (E102) to exchange heat with air of the low-temperature refrigeration house so as to meet the cold load requirement of the low-temperature refrigeration house, and the working medium heated to 0-2 ℃ returns to the low-temperature refrigeration house heat exchanger to exchange heat with the single-stage Rankine cycle working medium again;
step seven: the temperature of BOG for air conditioning cooling is increased to-3.7 to-3 ℃ after being compressed to 0.5MPa to 1MPa by a compressor (K101), the BOG is converged with NG of 0.5MPa to 1MPa in the step one, the converged NG and the NG of 30MPa to 32MPa in the step three enter a heat exchanger (LNG11) of an air conditioning system to exchange heat with a working medium of the air conditioning system, the temperature of the working medium of the air conditioning system is reduced to 0 ℃ to 2 ℃, the working medium is pressurized by a working medium pump (P10) and enters an evaporator (E103) to exchange heat with air, and the working medium heated to 5.4 ℃ to 6 ℃ returns to the heat exchanger of the air conditioning system again to exchange heat with the NG;
step eight: and heating the low-temperature NG by using the cylinder sleeve cooling water, wherein after the two groups of NGs with different pressures exchange heat with the air-conditioning circulating working medium in the step seven, the temperature is 0-2 ℃, the two groups of NGs enter a heat exchanger (LNG12), are heated to 45-48 ℃ by using the cylinder sleeve water, and the heated NGs are respectively sent to the main engine and the auxiliary engine.
2. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: in the first step and the second step, the two paths of second-stage working media of the cascade Rankine cycle are condensed in respective gasifiers and then are merged, the two paths of second-stage working media enter a working medium pump (P6) in the second-stage cycle of the two-stage cascade Rankine cycle together to be pressurized, then are subjected to heat exchange with cylinder jacket cooling water to be changed into high-temperature high-pressure steam, the high-temperature high-pressure steam is sent to a turbine (K3) to do work and generate power, and finally the high-temperature high-pressure steam is divided into streams and condensed in respective gasifiers.
3. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the two-stage Rankine cycle first-stage Rankine cycle working medium for one path of auxiliary engine fuel is a mixed working medium, the mixed working medium comprises the following components: methane: ethane: r1150 ═ 5:1: 4; the two-stage Rankine cycle first-stage Rankine cycle working medium for one path of the main engine fuel is a mixed working medium, the mixed working medium comprises the following components in parts by weight: methane: ethane: propane 1:8: 1; isobutane is adopted as a refrigerant of the seawater desalination system; the working medium of the secondary cycle of the two paths of cascade Rankine cycles of the main engine and the auxiliary engine and the working medium of the single-stage Rankine power generation cycle in the high-pressure pipeline of the fuel for the main engine are both propylene; the refrigerant of the high-temperature refrigeration house system is trifluoromethane; the refrigerant of the low-temperature refrigeration house system adopts n-butane; the refrigerant of the air-conditioning system adopts glycol; the heat sources in the system are all cylinder jacket cooling water.
4. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: in the seventh step, the temperature of the two streams of NG with different pressures and the air-conditioning circulating working medium after heat exchange is 0-5 ℃.
5. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the storage tank is a storage tank on a 9200TEU container ship dual-fuel engine, and the air inlet pressure of a main engine of the engine is 25-30 MPa and the air inlet pressure of an auxiliary engine is 0.5-0.7 MPa.
6. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the single-stage LNG Rankine cycle cold energy generator system comprises an integral intermediate medium gasifier, a heat source working medium pump, a working medium pump and an expander.
7. The system of claim 6, wherein the system comprises: the intermediate medium inlet and outlet in a steam state at two ends of an intermediate medium channel of the integral intermediate medium gasifier are connected with two ends of a turbine, the intermediate medium inlet and outlet in a condensed liquid state are connected with a working medium pump, and the intermediate medium forms an organic working medium Rankine cycle with the novel integral intermediate medium turbine through the gasifier, the working medium pump and the novel integral intermediate medium turbine.
8. The system of claim 1, wherein the system comprises: the two-stage cascade Rankine cycle power generation device comprises a novel integral intermediate medium gasifier, a heat source working medium pump, a working medium pump, an expansion machine and a heat exchanger.
9. The system of claim 8, wherein the system comprises: the intermediate medium in the intermediate channel of the novel integral intermediate medium gasifier is a two-stage Rankine cycle first-stage working medium, the cycle formed by the intermediate medium is a first-stage cycle of the two-stage Rankine cycle, a partition plate is added into a heat source working medium channel of the novel integral intermediate medium gasifier, two channel outlets are formed in a shell, a vaporous working medium of a two-stage Rankine cycle second-stage cycle enters a lower channel of the novel integral intermediate medium gasifier from a channel inlet of a front heat exchange area and flows out from a channel outlet at the end of a rear heat exchange area as a low-pressure liquid working medium after exchanging heat with the first-stage working medium, the heat source working medium enters from a channel inlet at the rear heat exchange area and exchanges heat with the first working medium to be changed into high-temperature high-pressure steam and then flows out from a channel outlet at the rear heat exchange area close to the partition plate, and the two working media pass through the novel integral intermediate medium gasifier, a working medium pump, The expander and the heat exchanger form a two-stage Rankine cycle power generation system.
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| CN111577416B (en) * | 2020-05-28 | 2022-10-04 | 中国船舶工业集团公司第七0八研究所 | Supercritical four-stage cascade Rankine cycle power generation system on FSRU |
| CN112302748B (en) * | 2020-11-03 | 2022-08-19 | 江苏科技大学 | LNG power ship cold energy utilization system based on novel integral IFV |
| CN112523825B (en) * | 2020-11-23 | 2022-04-26 | 江苏科技大学 | Comprehensive cold energy utilization system and method for liquefied natural gas power ship |
| CN112539092B (en) * | 2020-11-30 | 2022-05-24 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | CNG auxiliary production device based on organic Rankine cycle |
| CN113280663B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2023-04-25 | 江苏科技大学 | Compact intermediate medium carburetor with cold energy utilization and power generation system formed by same |
| CN114033581B (en) * | 2021-11-09 | 2023-11-21 | 江苏科技大学 | Cold energy storage and cold/heat energy comprehensive utilization system of LNG power ship |
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