CN116518568A - Combined cooling heating and power system integrating solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy and method thereof - Google Patents

Combined cooling heating and power system integrating solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy and method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN116518568A
CN116518568A CN202310195269.9A CN202310195269A CN116518568A CN 116518568 A CN116518568 A CN 116518568A CN 202310195269 A CN202310195269 A CN 202310195269A CN 116518568 A CN116518568 A CN 116518568A
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China
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heat
solid oxide
fuel cell
oxide fuel
power generation
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CN202310195269.9A
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肖燕
游怀亮
陈代芬
李鹏
韩吉田
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Jiangsu University of Science and Technology
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Priority to CN202310195269.9A priority Critical patent/CN116518568A/en
Publication of CN116518568A publication Critical patent/CN116518568A/en
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
    • F24S20/40—Solar heat collectors combined with other heat sources, e.g. using electrical heating or heat from ambient air
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K17/00—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant
    • F01K17/02—Using steam or condensate extracted or exhausted from steam engine plant for heating purposes, e.g. industrial, domestic
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K23/00—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids
    • F01K23/02—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled
    • F01K23/06—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F01K23/10—Plants characterised by more than one engine delivering power external to the plant, the engines being driven by different fluids the engine cycles being thermally coupled combustion heat from one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle with exhaust fluid of one cycle heating the fluid in another cycle
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
    • F01K25/00—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for
    • F01K25/08—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours
    • F01K25/10—Plants or engines characterised by use of special working fluids, not otherwise provided for; Plants operating in closed cycles and not otherwise provided for using special vapours the vapours being cold, e.g. ammonia, carbon dioxide, ether
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C3/00—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid
    • F02C3/20—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products
    • F02C3/22—Gas-turbine plants characterised by the use of combustion products as the working fluid using a special fuel, oxidant, or dilution fluid to generate the combustion products the fuel or oxidant being gaseous at standard temperature and pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
    • F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
    • F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
    • F24S60/00—Arrangements for storing heat collected by solar heat collectors
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
    • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
    • F25B1/00—Compression machines, plants or systems with non-reversible cycle
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
    • H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
    • H01M8/04067—Heat exchange or temperature measuring elements, thermal insulation, e.g. heat pipes, heat pumps, fins
    • H01M8/04074—Heat exchange unit structures specially adapted for fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/06—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues
    • H01M8/0606—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants
    • H01M8/0612—Combination of fuel cells with means for production of reactants or for treatment of residues with means for production of gaseous reactants from carbon-containing material
    • H01M8/0618—Reforming processes, e.g. autothermal, partial oxidation or steam reforming
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/10—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes
    • H01M8/12—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte
    • H01M8/124—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte
    • H01M8/1246—Fuel cells with solid electrolytes operating at high temperature, e.g. with stabilised ZrO2 electrolyte characterised by the process of manufacturing or by the material of the electrolyte the electrolyte consisting of oxides
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/241—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with solid or matrix-supported electrolytes
    • H01M8/2425—High-temperature cells with solid electrolytes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M8/24—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells
    • H01M8/2457—Grouping of fuel cells, e.g. stacking of fuel cells with both reactants being gaseous or vaporised
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
    • H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
    • H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
    • H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
    • H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/30—The power source being a fuel cell
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
    • H02J2300/40—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation wherein a plurality of decentralised, dispersed or local energy generation technologies are operated simultaneously

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Sustainable Energy (AREA)
  • Sustainable Development (AREA)
  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Electrochemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Fuel Cell (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a combined cooling heating power system integrating a solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy and a method thereof, wherein the combined cooling heating power system comprises the following components connected with each other through a pipeline and a valve: solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem, solar collector-heat storage subsystem, steam turbine power generation subsystem, organic rankine cycle power generation subsystem, ejector refrigerator, and heat exchanger subsystem. The solar heat collection-storage subsystem can provide heat for preheating inlet air, fuel and water of the solid oxide fuel cell. The steam turbine power generation subsystem, the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem, the jet refrigerator and the heat exchanger subsystem can utilize the exhaust gas waste heat of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem in a cascade manner to generate power, refrigerate and heat. The invention can greatly reduce the consumption of fossil fuel, and has high energy utilization efficiency and good environmental protection benefit.

Description

Combined cooling heating and power system integrating solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy and method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of distributed energy of solid oxide fuel cells, and relates to a combined cooling heating and power system integrating a solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy and a method thereof.
Background
The solid oxide fuel cell (Solid oxide fuel cell, SOFC) is a high-efficiency power generation device capable of utilizing hydrocarbon fuels such as natural gas, and the power generation efficiency can exceed 50%, and the emission mainly comprises H 2 O and CO 2 Is environment-friendly.
However, solid oxide fuel cells are limited by current technological developments, and it is often difficult to fully utilize the energy in the fuel: on the one hand, there is still residual fuel (mainly H 2 And CO) is not utilized; on the other hand, the battery is negative,The anode exhaust temperature is relatively high, exceeding 600 ℃, and if discharged directly, the anode exhaust temperature can cause great heat waste and heat pollution. Therefore, on the basis of clean power generation by using a solid oxide fuel cell, how to further utilize fuel which is not completely reacted by the cell, recover high-grade waste heat in exhaust gas of the fuel and realize efficient utilization of fossil energy is a technical problem to be solved.
Solar energy is used as a high-quality renewable energy source, has great energy development potential, but the utilization of the solar energy is influenced by seasons, weather, day and night, regions and other factors, and shows great instability, so that the device for reasonably coupling and utilizing the solar energy in the solid oxide fuel cell power generation system can avoid the defect caused by the instability of utilizing the solar energy, and meanwhile, the consumption of fossil energy is reduced, so that the solar energy source is an important direction for solving the energy crisis and the environmental problem in China.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art, and provides a combined cooling heating and power system integrating a solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy and a method thereof, which are used for cascade utilization of exhaust high-grade waste heat on the basis of fully playing the advantages of high power generation efficiency of the solid oxide fuel cell, and further coupling renewable energy source-solar energy to reduce consumption of fossil fuel, and have the advantages of high energy utilization efficiency, good environmental protection benefit and the like.
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme.
The invention relates to a combined cooling heating power system integrating a solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy, which comprises:
the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine mixed power generation subsystem comprises a solid oxide fuel cell, a post combustion chamber, a gas turbine, a first preheater, a second preheater and a third preheater; the solid oxide fuel cell takes natural gas as fuel to perform electrochemical reaction and high-efficiency power generation, residual fuel at an anode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell and waste gas discharged from a cathode outlet are utilized to burn in the rear combustion chamber and perform natural gas afterburning, and high-temperature gas at an outlet of the rear combustion chamber can drive the turbine of the gas turbine to rotate for doing work;
The solar heat collection-storage subsystem comprises a heat energy storage tank, a molten salt pump and a solar heat collector; the device is used for coupling renewable energy sources, namely solar energy, for providing heat energy for preheating the fuel, air and water at the inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell, and can replace the use of the heat of the exhaust gas at the outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine mixed power generation subsystem for preheating the fuel, air and water at the inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell, so that the loss of the heat energy in the combined cooling, heating and power system is reduced, and the effective utilization of the exhaust heat energy of the combined cooling, heating and power system is facilitated;
a steam turbine power generation subsystem including a heat recovery steam generator and a steam turbine; the steam turbine power generation subsystem is used for generating power by utilizing the exhaust waste heat of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem, and can output power and heat to a user simultaneously by extracting steam from the steam turbine for regional heat supply;
an organic rankine cycle power generation subsystem including an organic rankine cycle turbine; the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem is used for preparing organic working medium steam by recovering exhaust waste heat of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem in the heat recovery steam generator, and the organic working medium steam is used for driving the organic Rankine cycle turbine to rotate for doing work;
An ejector refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem comprising an ejector, a first heat exchanger and a second heat exchanger; the jet refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem utilizes the residual pressure of the exhaust gas of the organic Rankine cycle turbine to drive the ejector, and the ejector ejects low-pressure fluid from the outlet of the first heat exchanger to prepare chilled water for regional cooling, and utilizes the exhaust waste heat of the heat recovery steam generator to prepare domestic hot water in the second heat exchanger for heating;
the subsystems are connected through pipelines and valves; the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem is connected with the solar heat collection-storage subsystem; the steam turbine power generation subsystem is connected with the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem; the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem is connected with the steam turbine power generation subsystem; the injection refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem is connected with the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem.
Further, the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem: the system also comprises an inverter, an air compressor, a fuel compressor, a mixer, a first water pump, a first valve and a second valve; the solid oxide fuel cell performs direct current-alternating current conversion through the inverter; the outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell is connected with the inlet of the post combustion chamber; the inlet of the gas turbine is connected with the outlet of the post combustion chamber; the air compressor and the fuel compressor are coaxially connected with the turbine of the gas turbine; the inlet of the air compressor is filled with air; the inlet of the fuel compressor is filled with natural gas; the first path inlet of the first preheater is connected with the outlet of the gas turbine; the second inlet of the first preheater is connected with the outlet of the air compressor; the first path of outlet of the first preheater is connected with the first path of inlet of the second preheater; the second path outlet of the first preheater is connected with the cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell; the second inlet of the second preheater is connected with the outlet of the fuel compressor; the first path of outlet of the third preheater is connected with the first path of inlet of the third preheater; the second outlet of the third preheater is connected with the inlet of the mixer; the outlet of the mixer is connected with the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell; the anode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell can be connected with the inlet of the mixer; the second path inlet of the third preheater is connected with the outlet of the first water pump; and the inlet of the first water pump is filled with water needed in the reforming reaction of the natural gas.
Further, the first path of outlet of the heat energy storage tank is connected with the inlet of the molten salt pump; the outlet of the molten salt pump is connected with the inlet of the solar heat collector; the outlet of the solar heat collector is connected with the first path of inlet of the heat energy storage tank; the second outlet of the heat energy storage tank is connected with the third inlet of the first preheater; the third outlet of the first preheater is connected with the third inlet of the second preheater; the third outlet of the second preheater is connected with the third inlet of the third preheater; and the third outlet of the third preheater is connected with the second inlet of the heat energy storage tank.
Further, the steam turbine power generation subsystem further comprises: a first condenser, a second water pump; the first channel inlet of the heat recovery steam generator is connected with the first channel outlet of the third preheater; the first path of outlet of the heat recovery steam generator is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine; the outlet of the steam turbine is connected with the inlet of the first path of the first condenser; the first path of outlet of the first condenser is connected with the inlet of the second water pump; the second path of inlet of the first condenser can be filled with circulating cooling water; the outlet of the second water pump is connected with the second path inlet of the heat recovery steam generator.
Further, the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem also comprises an organic Rankine cycle turbine, a second condenser and a working medium pump; the inlet of the organic Rankine cycle turbine is connected with the second path outlet of the heat recovery steam generator; the outlet of the organic Rankine cycle turbine is connected with the first path of inlet of the ejector in the ejector refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem; the first outlet of the ejector is connected with the first inlet of the second condenser; the second channel inlet of the second condenser is communicated with circulating cooling water; the first path outlet of the second condenser is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump; and the outlet of the working medium pump is connected with the inlet of the second path of the heat recovery steam generator.
Further, the injection refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem further comprises an expansion valve; the second channel inlet of the ejector is connected with the first channel outlet of the first heat exchanger; the first channel inlet of the first heat exchanger is connected with the outlet of the expansion valve; the inlet of the expansion valve is connected with the first path of outlet of the second condenser; the second outlet of the first heat exchanger outputs chilled water for refrigeration; the first channel inlet of the second heat exchanger is connected with the third channel outlet of the heat recovery steam generator; the second channel inlet of the second heat exchanger is filled with water; the first outlet of the second heat exchanger is communicated with the atmosphere; and the second outlet of the second heat exchanger outputs domestic hot water.
A combined cooling, heating and power method for integrating a solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy adopts the combined cooling, heating and power system for integrating the solid oxide fuel cell and the solar energy, wherein the system comprises the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem, the solar heat collection-storage subsystem, the steam turbine power generation subsystem, the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem, the jet refrigerator and the heat exchanger subsystem; the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, the solid oxide fuel cell of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine mixed power generation subsystem utilizes fuel, namely natural gas, to perform electrochemical reaction to generate power, and the rest natural gas is combusted in the post combustion chamber to push the gas turbine to do work through turbine expansion;
step two, the solar heat collection-storage subsystem is used for leading out the heat stored in the heat energy storage tank through working medium water, and preheating air, natural gas and water in a first preheater, a second preheater and a third preheater of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem respectively;
Step three, the steam turbine power generation subsystem prepares saturated steam by utilizing the exhaust waste heat of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine mixed power generation subsystem, and drives the steam turbine of the steam turbine power generation subsystem to do expansion work;
step four, the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem further utilizes the exhaust waste heat of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem to prepare saturated organic working medium steam, and drives the organic Rankine cycle turbine to do expansion work; the process comprises the following steps: the supercooled organic working medium absorbs exhaust waste heat in the heat recovery steam generator to become saturated organic working medium steam, the saturated organic working medium steam enters the organic Rankine cycle turbine to expand and do work to generate electricity, the organic working medium gas at the outlet of the organic Rankine cycle turbine enters the second condenser to be condensed into organic working medium saturated liquid, the saturated liquid enters the working medium pump to be pressurized into supercooled organic working medium liquid, and the supercooled organic working medium liquid enters the heat recovery steam generator to absorb heat and evaporate to continuously participate in the work and the electricity generation of the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem;
Step five, the jet refrigerator and the heat exchanger subsystem drive the ejector to prepare chilled water by utilizing the residual pressure of the exhaust gas of the organic Rankine cycle turbine of the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem, and prepare domestic hot water by utilizing the exhaust waste heat of the heat recovery steam generator of the steam turbine power generation subsystem; the process comprises the following steps: the outlet gas of the first heat exchanger is injected into the ejector, compressed by the organic Rankine cycle turbine outlet gas, namely working fluid, and then enters the second condenser to be condensed, the condensed organic working fluid is decompressed in the expansion valve and then enters the first heat exchanger to absorb heat and prepare chilled water, so that the chilled water can be used for regional cooling; the second heat exchanger can further recycle the waste heat from the heat recovery steam generator, and domestic hot water is prepared through heat exchange.
Specifically, the process of the first step includes:
the fuel, namely natural gas and water, is reformed into hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem after being compressed and preheated, and the hydrogen and the carbon monoxide react with oxygen in the air entering the cathode of the solid oxide fuel cell in an electrochemical way, and the generated direct current is converted into alternating current through the inverter of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem; the anode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell still has completely unreacted combustible gas, anode gas is recycled through a valve of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine mixed power generation subsystem to continue to participate in electrochemical reaction, and the anode gas and the cathode exhaust of the solid oxide fuel cell can be mixed and combusted in a post combustion chamber of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine mixed power generation subsystem to provide high-temperature gas for the gas turbine and expand to do work to generate power; the gas turbine drives the coaxial air compressor and the fuel compressor to work, and natural gas and air are respectively compressed; the first preheater, the second preheater and the third preheater of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem respectively preheat air, natural gas and water, and the water is compressed by a first water pump of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem, and then is preheated in the third preheater and then mixed with the natural gas.
Specifically, the process of the second step includes:
the solar heat collector of the solar heat collecting and storing subsystem absorbs solar energy and heats molten salt, the high-temperature molten salt after heat absorption stores heat in the heat energy storage tank, and when the first preheater, the second preheater and the third preheater need heat to preheat air, natural gas and water needed by the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem, the heat stored in the heat energy storage tank can be led out through working medium water; the low-temperature molten salt after releasing heat flows back to the solar heat collector through the molten salt pump to continuously absorb solar energy and store heat energy.
Specifically, the process of the third step includes:
the condensed water absorbs the exhaust waste heat of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine mixed power generation subsystem in the heat recovery steam generator of the steam turbine power generation subsystem to become saturated water, then absorbs heat continuously to become saturated steam, enters the steam turbine for expansion and power generation, the steam turbine exhaust enters the first condenser to be condensed to become saturated water, the saturated water enters the second water pump to be pressurized to become supercooled condensed water, and the condensed water enters the heat recovery steam generator again to absorb heat and evaporate, and then participates in the power generation of the steam turbine power generation subsystem continuously.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that:
1. the cooling, heating and power combined supply system with the coupling of the natural gas anode internal reforming solid oxide fuel cell and the solar heat collector can recycle the residual fuel and the waste heat in the exhaust of the electrode outlet of the cell on the basis of utilizing the solid oxide fuel cell to efficiently and cleanly generate power, and couple renewable energy sources-solar energy to provide heat energy for preheating the inlet fuel, air and water of the solid oxide fuel cell, thereby reducing the consumption of heat energy in the combined supply system, fully improving the utilization efficiency of fossil energy sources and ensuring that the system discharge only has H 2 O and CO 2 Is environment-friendly.
2. According to the invention, different grades of heat energy of the combined cooling heating and power system are utilized in a cascade manner through the coupling steam turbine, the organic Rankine cycle, the ejector and the heat exchanger, and energy is utilized according to the principles of 'temperature opposite port and cascade utilization', so that irreversible heat loss caused by temperature difference heat exchange in the waste heat recovery and heat exchange processes is effectively reduced, the energy utilization efficiency of the combined cooling heating and power system is high and can reach more than 70%, and the energy loss in the fossil fuel utilization process is greatly reduced.
3. The combined cooling, heating and power method for integrating the solid oxide fuel cell and the solar energy can simultaneously meet the requirements of cooling, heating and electric loads of users, can adjust the operation parameters and the working modes of the combined power system according to the environmental changes, the external condition changes such as the requirements of the users and the like, gives full play to the characteristic of high utility energy of the combined power system on the basis of fully utilizing the solar energy, reasonably distributes the proportion of cooling, heating and electric products, and has the advantages of flexible configuration, energy conservation and high efficiency.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a combined cooling, heating and power system integrating a solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Wherein the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100 comprises: 101-solid oxide fuel cell (Solid oxide fuel cell, SOFC); 102-an inverter; 103-post combustion chamber; 104-a gas turbine; 105-air compressor; 106-a fuel compressor; 107-a first preheater; 108-a second preheater; 109-a third preheater; 110-a mixer; 111-a first water pump; 112-a first valve; 113-a second valve; the solar heat collection-storage subsystem 200 includes: 201-a thermal energy storage tank; 202-molten salt pump; 203-a solar collector; the steam turbine power generation subsystem 300 includes: 301-a heat recovery steam generator; 302-a steam turbine; 303-a first condenser; 304-a second water pump; the organic rankine cycle power generation subsystem 400 includes: 401-an organic rankine cycle turbine; 402-a second condenser; 403-working medium pump; the ejector refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem 500 includes: 501-an ejector; 502-an expansion valve; 503-a first heat exchanger; 504-second heat exchanger.
Detailed Description
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
The combined cooling heating power system integrating the solid oxide fuel cell and the solar energy and the method thereof can flexibly meet the requirements of users on various energy consumption of cooling, heating and electricity, reduce the energy utilization loss of the system and improve the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency of the system. As shown in fig. 1, the cogeneration system includes: the system comprises a solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100, a solar heat collection-storage subsystem 200, a steam turbine power generation subsystem 300, an organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem 400 and an injection refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem 500, wherein the subsystems are connected with valves through pipelines. The solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100 is connected with the solar heat collection-storage subsystem 200; the steam turbine power generation subsystem 300 is coupled to the SOFC-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100; the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem 400 is connected to the steam turbine power generation subsystem 300; the ejector refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem 500 is coupled to the orc power generation subsystem 400.
The solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100 is used for utilizing natural gas to efficiently generate power and supplement combustion, the solid oxide fuel cell 101 uses the natural gas as fuel to perform electrochemical reaction to efficiently generate power, and residual fuel at the anode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 101 and waste gas discharged from the cathode outlet are utilized to combust in the post combustion chamber 103 and perform natural gas post combustion, and high-temperature gas at the outlet of the post combustion chamber 103 can drive the gas turbine 104 to rotate to do work and generate power.
The solar heat collection-storage subsystem 200 is used for coupling renewable energy sources and solar energy to provide heat energy for preheating the fuel, air and water at the inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 101, and can replace the use of the heat exhausted from the outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100 to preheat the fuel cell inlet fuel, air and water, so that the loss of heat energy in the combined cooling, heating and power system is reduced, the steam turbine power generation subsystem 300, the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem 400, the jet refrigerator and the heat exchanger subsystem can effectively utilize the heat energy exhausted from the combined power system, and the output of cold, heat and electric products is improved.
The steam turbine power generation subsystem 300 is configured to generate electricity using the exhaust medium-grade waste heat (about 400 ℃) of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100, and to perform district heating by extracting steam of suitable pressure and temperature from the intermediate-pressure stage of the steam turbine 302, thereby simultaneously outputting electricity and heat products to a user.
The organic rankine cycle power generation subsystem 400 is configured to generate power using low-grade exhaust heat (about 250 ℃) from the exhaust gas of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100.
The ejector refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem 500 is used for driving the ejector 501 to work by using the exhaust residual pressure of the organic Rankine cycle turbine 401 to prepare chilled water, and preparing domestic hot water by using low-grade waste heat (about 150 ℃) of the exhaust of the heat recovery steam generator 301, so that cold and heat products can be simultaneously supplied.
Specifically, the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100: the system comprises a solid oxide fuel cell 101, an inverter 102, a post combustion chamber 103, a gas turbine 104, an air compressor 105, a fuel compressor 106, a first preheater 107, a second preheater 108, a third preheater 109, a mixer 110, a first water pump 111, a first valve 112 and a second valve 113; the solid oxide fuel cell 101 performs dc-ac current conversion through the inverter 102; the outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 101 is connected with the inlet of the post combustor 103; the inlet of the gas turbine 104 is connected with the outlet of the post combustor 103; the air compressor 105 and the fuel compressor 106 are coaxially connected to the gas turbine 104; the inlet of the air compressor 105 is filled with air; the inlet of the fuel compressor 106 is filled with natural gas; the first inlet of the first preheater 107 is connected to the outlet of the gas turbine 104; the second inlet of the first preheater 107 is connected to the outlet of the air compressor 105; the first outlet of the first preheater 107 is connected with the first inlet of the second preheater 108; the second outlet of the first preheater 107 is connected to the cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 101; the second inlet of the second preheater 108 is connected to the outlet of the fuel compressor 106; the first outlet of the third preheater 108 is connected to the first inlet of the third preheater 109; the second outlet of the third preheater 108 is connected to the inlet of the mixer 110; the outlet of the mixer 110 is connected with the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 101; the anode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 101 may also be connected to the inlet of the mixer 110; the second inlet of the third preheater 109 is connected to the outlet of the first water pump 111; the inlet of the first water pump 111 is fed with water required for the anode natural gas reforming reaction in the solid oxide fuel cell 101.
The solid oxide fuel cell 101 in the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100 is an advanced power generation device utilizing electrochemical reaction, the working temperature is generally 600-1000 ℃, natural gas can be utilized to efficiently and cleanly generate power, and the power generation efficiency can exceed 50%; meanwhile, the gas exhausted by the electrode of the solid oxide fuel cell 101 still has unreacted complete fuel and high-grade waste heat (about 1000 ℃), and the comprehensive energy utilization efficiency of the system can be improved to 70% or more by carrying out system integration and coupling with other power systems such as a gas turbine, a steam turbine, an organic Rankine cycle and the like, and cascade utilization of chemical energy of natural gas and heat energy of system exhaust.
Specifically, the solar heat collection-storage subsystem 200 includes: a thermal energy storage tank 201, a molten salt pump 202, and a solar collector 203; the first outlet of the heat energy storage tank 201 is connected with the inlet of the molten salt pump 202; the outlet of the molten salt pump 202 is connected with the inlet of the solar heat collector 203; the outlet of the solar heat collector 203 is connected with the first path of inlet of the thermal energy storage tank 201; the second outlet of the thermal energy storage tank 201 is connected with the third inlet of the first preheater 107; the third outlet of the first preheater 107 is connected with the third inlet of the second preheater 108; the third outlet of the second preheater 108 is connected to the third inlet of the third preheater 109; the third outlet of the third preheater 109 is connected to the second inlet of the thermal energy storage tank 201.
The solar heat collection-storage subsystem 200 can store heat in the heat energy storage tank 201 by absorbing solar energy, and when the first preheater 107, the second preheater 108 and the third preheater 109 need heat to preheat air, fuel and water, the heat in the heat energy storage tank 201 can be led out through working medium water, so that the heat exhausted by the outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100 can be used for preheating fuel cell inlet air, fuel and water in a sufficient sunlight time instead of using the heat exhausted by the outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100, the full utilization of heat energy by the combined heat and heat supply system can be fully improved, and the consumption of fossil fuel can be reduced.
Specifically, the steam turbine power generation subsystem 300 includes: a heat recovery steam generator 301, a steam turbine 302, a first condenser 303, a second water pump 304; the first inlet of the heat recovery steam generator 301 is connected with the first outlet of the third preheater 109; the first outlet of the heat recovery steam generator 301 is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine 302; the outlet of the steam turbine 302 is connected to the inlet of the first path of the first condenser 303; the first outlet of the first condenser 303 is connected with the inlet of the second water pump 304; the second inlet of the first condenser 303 can be filled with circulating cooling water; the outlet of the second water pump 304 is connected to the second inlet of the heat recovery steam generator 301.
The steam turbine power generation subsystem 300 recovers the mid-grade waste heat of the exhaust gas of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100 in the heat recovery steam generator 301 to prepare saturated steam with certain pressure and temperature, and the saturated steam is utilized to drive the steam turbine 302 to rotate to do work; at the same time, steam from the pressure stage section of the steam turbine 302 may be extracted for district heating.
Specifically, the organic rankine cycle power generation subsystem 400 includes: an organic rankine cycle turbine 401, a second condenser 402, and a working fluid pump 403; the inlet of the organic Rankine cycle turbine 401 is connected with the second path outlet of the heat recovery steam generator 301; the outlet of the organic Rankine cycle turbine 401 is connected with the first path inlet of the ejector 501 in the ejector refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem 500; the first outlet of the ejector 501 is connected with the first inlet of the second condenser 402; the second inlet of the second condenser 402 is filled with circulating cooling water; the first outlet of the second condenser 402 is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump 403; the outlet of the working fluid pump 403 is connected to the second inlet of the heat recovery steam generator 301.
The organic rankine cycle power generation subsystem 400 can continuously recover the low-grade waste heat exhausted by the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100 in the heat recovery steam generator 301 to prepare saturated organic working medium steam with certain pressure and temperature, and the saturated organic working medium steam is used for driving the organic rankine cycle turbine 401 to rotate to apply work.
Specifically, the ejector refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem 500 includes: an ejector 501, an expansion valve 502, a first heat exchanger 503, a second heat exchanger 504; the second inlet of the ejector 501 is connected with the first outlet of the first heat exchanger 503; the first inlet of the first heat exchanger 503 is connected with the outlet of the expansion valve 502; the inlet of the expansion valve 502 is connected with the first outlet of the second condenser 402; the second outlet of the first heat exchanger 503 outputs cold water; the first inlet of the second heat exchanger 504 is connected with the third outlet of the heat recovery steam generator 301; the second inlet of the second heat exchanger 504 is filled with water; the first outlet of the second heat exchanger 504 is open to the atmosphere; the second outlet of the second heat exchanger 504 outputs hot water.
The ejector refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem 500 uses the residual pressure of the exhaust gas of the organic rankine cycle turbine 401 to drive the ejector 501, to eject low-pressure fluid to prepare chilled water, and uses the low-grade waste heat of the exhaust gas of the heat recovery steam generator 301 to prepare domestic hot water, so that cold and hot products can be supplied to users at the same time.
The invention relates to a combined cooling heating power method integrating a solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy, which comprises the following steps:
in the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100, the solid oxide fuel cell 101 firstly uses natural gas to perform electrochemical reaction to generate power, and after the residual fuel is combusted in the post combustion chamber 103 and natural gas afterburning is performed, the gas turbine 104 is pushed to expand to do work to generate power;
the specific process of the first step is as follows: the fuel, i.e., natural gas and water, is reformed to H in the anode of the solid oxide fuel cell 101 after being compressed and preheated 2 And CO, and electrochemically reacts with oxygen in the cathode air entering the cell, and the generated direct current is converted into alternating current by the inverter 102. The anode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell 101 still has a part of the combustible gases (CO and H) unreacted completely 2 Etc.), anode gas recirculation can be performed through the valve 113 to continue to participate in electrochemical reaction, and mixed combustion in the post combustion chamber 103 (which can be injected with natural gas for afterburner) provides high-temperature gas for the gas turbine 104 to perform expansion work and power generation. When the gas turbine 104 works, the air compressor 105 and the fuel compressor 106 which are coaxial can be driven to work, and natural gas and air are respectively compressed. The first preheater 107, the second preheater 108 and the third preheater 109 preheat air, fuel and water respectively, and the water is compressed by the first water pump 111, and then is continuously preheated by the third preheater 109 and mixed with natural gas.
In the solar heat collection-storage subsystem 200, the heat in the heat energy storage tank 201 is properly led out through working medium water, and air, fuel and water required by the fuel cell are preheated in the first preheater 107, the second preheater 108 and the third preheater 109 respectively;
the specific process of the second step is as follows: the solar heat collector 203 absorbs solar energy through heat radiation and heats molten salt, the high temperature molten salt (about 550 ℃) after heat absorption can store heat in the thermal energy storage tank 201, and when the first preheater 107, the second preheater 108 and the third preheater 109 need heat to preheat air, fuel and water, the stored heat in the thermal energy storage tank 201 can be guided out through working medium water. The low temperature molten salt (around 300 c) after releasing heat can be returned to the solar collector 203 by the molten salt pump 202 to continue to absorb solar energy and store thermal energy.
Step three, the steam turbine power generation subsystem 300 respectively utilizes the exhaust waste heat of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100 to prepare saturated steam, and drives the steam turbine 302 to expand and do work;
the specific process of the third step is as follows: the supercooled condensed water absorbs the exhaust waste heat in the heat recovery steam generator 301 to become saturated water, then absorbs heat continuously to become saturated steam, enters the steam turbine 302 to expand and do work to generate electricity, the steam turbine 302 discharges steam to enter the first condenser 303 to be condensed to become saturated water, the saturated water enters the second water pump 304 to be pressurized to become supercooled condensed water, and the condensed water enters the heat recovery steam generator 301 to absorb heat and evaporate, and then continues to participate in steam power circulation.
Step four, the organic rankine cycle power generation subsystem 400 further utilizes the exhaust waste heat of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100 to prepare saturated organic working medium steam, and drives the organic rankine cycle turbine 401 to expand and do work;
the specific process of the fourth step is as follows: the supercooled organic working medium liquid absorbs exhaust waste heat in the heat recovery steam generator 301 to become saturated organic working medium steam, the saturated organic working medium steam enters the organic Rankine cycle turbine 401 to expand and do work to generate power, the exhaust gas of the organic Rankine cycle turbine 401 enters the second condenser 402 to be condensed into saturated organic working medium liquid, the saturated organic working medium liquid enters the working medium pump 403 to be pressurized into supercooled organic working medium liquid, and the supercooled organic working medium liquid enters the heat recovery steam generator 301 to absorb heat and evaporate to participate in the organic Rankine cycle.
Step five, in the injection refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem 500, the residual pressure of the exhaust gas of the organic rankine cycle turbine 401 is utilized to drive the injector 501 to prepare chilled water, and the residual heat of the exhaust gas of the heat recovery steam generator 301 is utilized to prepare domestic hot water;
the specific process of the fifth step is as follows: the low-pressure fluid, i.e. the refrigerant, at the outlet of the first heat exchanger 503 is injected into the injector 501, compressed by the working fluid, i.e. the exhaust gas from the organic rankine cycle turbine 401, and then enters the second condenser 402 to be condensed, the condensed refrigerant is decompressed in the expansion valve 502, and then enters the first heat exchanger 503 to absorb heat to prepare chilled water, which can be used for regional cooling. In the second heat exchanger 504, the waste heat of the exhaust gas from the heat recovery steam generator 301 can be further recycled for heat exchange to produce domestic hot water.
In summary, the integrated solid oxide fuel cell and solar cogeneration system and the method thereof disclosed in the invention can produce cold, hot and electric products simultaneously by reasonably coupling the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem 100, the solar heat collection-storage subsystem 200, the steam turbine power generation subsystem 300, the organic rankine cycle power generation subsystem 400 and the jet refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem 500 according to the energy utilization principle of 'temperature opposite port and cascade utilization', so as to meet the demands of users on cold, hot and electric loads. The combined cooling, heating and power system further performs cascade utilization on residual fuel and high-temperature waste heat of the exhaust of the fuel cell on the basis of utilizing the solid oxide fuel cell 101 to efficiently and cleanly generate power, and is coupled with renewable energy sources-solar energy to provide heat energy for preheating fuel, air and water at the inlet of the fuel cell, so that the consumption of heat energy in the combined power system is reduced, excessive consumption of fossil fuel is effectively avoided, the energy utilization efficiency is high, and the combined cooling, heating and power system is environment-friendly.

Claims (10)

1. A cogeneration system integrating a solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy, comprising:
a solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100) comprising a solid oxide fuel cell (101), a post combustor (103), a gas turbine (104), a first preheater (107), a second preheater (108), a third preheater (109); the solid oxide fuel cell (101) takes natural gas as fuel to perform electrochemical reaction and high-efficiency power generation, and residual fuel at an anode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (101) and waste gas discharged from a cathode outlet are utilized to burn in the post combustion chamber (103) and perform natural gas afterburning, and high-temperature gas at the outlet of the post combustion chamber (103) can drive the gas turbine (104) to rotate for doing work;
a solar heat collection-storage subsystem (200) comprising a thermal energy storage tank (201), a molten salt pump (202), a solar heat collector (203); the device is used for coupling renewable energy sources and solar energy to provide heat energy for preheating fuel, air and water at the inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (101), and can replace the use of the heat of exhaust gas at the outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100) to preheat the fuel, air and water at the inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (101), so that the loss of heat energy in the combined cooling, heating and power system is reduced, and the effective utilization of the exhaust heat energy of the combined cooling, heating and power system is facilitated;
A steam turbine power generation subsystem (300) including a heat recovery steam generator (301), a steam turbine (302); the steam turbine power generation subsystem (300) is used for generating power by utilizing the exhaust waste heat of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100), and can output electricity and heat to a user simultaneously by extracting steam from the steam turbine (302) for regional heat supply;
an organic rankine cycle power generation subsystem (400) comprising an organic rankine cycle turbine (401); the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem (400) is used for preparing organic working medium steam by recovering exhaust waste heat of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100) in the heat recovery steam generator (301), and the organic working medium steam is used for driving the organic Rankine cycle turbine (401) to rotate for doing work;
an ejector refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem (500) comprising an ejector (501), a first heat exchanger (503), a second heat exchanger (504); the jet refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem (500) utilizes the residual pressure of the exhaust gas of the organic Rankine cycle turbine (401) to drive the ejector (501) to jet low-pressure fluid from the outlet of the first heat exchanger (503) to prepare chilled water for regional cooling, and utilizes the exhaust gas waste heat of the heat recovery steam generator (301) to prepare domestic hot water in the second heat exchanger (504) for heating;
The subsystems are connected through pipelines and valves; the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100) is connected with the solar heat collection-storage subsystem (200); the steam turbine power generation subsystem (300) is connected with the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100); the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem (400) is connected with the steam turbine power generation subsystem (300); the ejector refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem (500) is connected with the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem (400).
2. A cogeneration system integrating a solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy according to claim 1, wherein said solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100): the air compressor comprises an inverter (102), an air compressor (105), a fuel compressor (106), a mixer (110), a first water pump (111), a first valve (112) and a second valve (113); the solid oxide fuel cell (101) performs direct current-alternating current conversion through the inverter (102); the outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (101) is connected with the inlet of the post combustion chamber (103); the inlet of the gas turbine (104) is connected with the outlet of the post combustion chamber (103); the air compressor (105) and the fuel compressor (106) are coaxially connected with the gas turbine (104); the inlet of the air compressor (105) is filled with air; the inlet of the fuel compressor (106) is filled with natural gas; the first channel inlet of the first preheater (107) is connected with the outlet of the gas turbine (104); the second inlet of the first preheater (107) is connected with the outlet of the air compressor (105); the first outlet of the first preheater (107) is connected with the first inlet of the second preheater (108); the second outlet of the first preheater (107) is connected with the cathode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (101); the second inlet of the second preheater (108) is connected with the outlet of the fuel compressor (106); the first outlet of the third preheater (108) is connected with the first inlet of the third preheater (109); the second outlet of the third preheater (108) is connected with the inlet of the mixer (110); the outlet of the mixer (110) is connected with the anode inlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (101); the anode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (101) can be connected with the inlet of the mixer (110); the second inlet of the third preheater (109) is connected with the outlet of the first water pump (111); the inlet of the first water pump (111) is used for introducing water required in the natural gas reforming reaction.
3. A combined cooling, heating and power system integrating solid oxide fuel cells and solar energy according to claim 1, characterized in that said solar collector-heat storage subsystem (200), said first outlet of thermal energy storage tank (201) is connected to said inlet of molten salt pump (202); the outlet of the molten salt pump (202) is connected with the inlet of the solar heat collector (203); the outlet of the solar heat collector (203) is connected with the first path of inlet of the heat energy storage tank (201); the second outlet of the heat energy storage tank (201) is connected with the third inlet of the first preheater (107); the third outlet of the first preheater (107) is connected with the third inlet of the second preheater (108); the third outlet of the second preheater (108) is connected with the third inlet of the third preheater (109); the third outlet of the third preheater (109) is connected to the second inlet of the thermal energy storage tank (201).
4. A cogeneration system integrating a solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy according to claim 1, wherein said steam turbine power generation subsystem (300) further comprises: a first condenser (303) and a second water pump (304); the first channel inlet of the heat recovery steam generator (301) is connected with the first channel outlet of the third preheater (109); the first path of outlet of the heat recovery steam generator (301) is connected with the inlet of the steam turbine (302); the outlet of the steam turbine (302) is connected with the inlet of the first path of the first condenser (303); the first outlet of the first condenser (303) is connected with the inlet of the second water pump (304); the second channel inlet of the first condenser (303) can be filled with circulating cooling water; the outlet of the second water pump (304) is connected with the second inlet of the heat recovery steam generator (301).
5. The integrated solid oxide fuel cell and solar cogeneration system of claim 1, wherein the organic rankine cycle power generation subsystem (400) further comprises an organic rankine cycle turbine (401), a second condenser (402), and a working fluid pump (403); the inlet of the organic Rankine cycle turbine (401) is connected with the second path outlet of the heat recovery steam generator (301); the outlet of the organic Rankine cycle turbine (401) is connected with the first path inlet of an ejector (501) in the ejector refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem (500); the first outlet of the ejector (501) is connected with the first inlet of the second condenser (402); the second channel inlet of the second condenser (402) is communicated with circulating cooling water; the first outlet of the second condenser (402) is connected with the inlet of the working medium pump (403); the outlet of the working medium pump (403) is connected with the inlet of the second path of the heat recovery steam generator (301).
6. A cogeneration system integrating solid oxide fuel cells and solar energy according to claim 1, wherein said ejector refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem (500) further comprises an expansion valve (502); the second inlet of the ejector (501) is connected with the first outlet of the first heat exchanger (503); the first channel inlet of the first heat exchanger (503) is connected with the outlet of the expansion valve (502); the inlet of the expansion valve (502) is connected with the first path of outlet of the second condenser (402); the second outlet of the first heat exchanger (503) outputs chilled water for refrigeration; the first channel inlet of the second heat exchanger (504) is connected with the third channel outlet of the heat recovery steam generator (301); the second channel inlet of the second heat exchanger (504) is filled with water; the first outlet of the second heat exchanger (504) is communicated with the atmosphere; and the second outlet of the second heat exchanger (504) outputs domestic hot water.
7. A cogeneration method integrating solid oxide fuel cells and solar energy, characterized in that a cogeneration system integrating solid oxide fuel cells and solar energy as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 6 is employed, said system comprising said solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100), said solar collector-heat storage subsystem (200), said steam turbine power generation subsystem (300), said organic rankine cycle power generation subsystem (400), said jet refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem (500); the method comprises the following steps:
firstly, a solid oxide fuel cell (101) of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine mixed power generation subsystem (100) firstly utilizes fuel, namely natural gas, to perform electrochemical reaction to generate power, and after the residual natural gas is combusted in the post combustion chamber (103), the gas turbine (104) is pushed to expand to do work;
step two, the solar heat collection and storage subsystem (200) is used for leading out heat stored in the heat energy storage tank (201) through working medium water, and preheating air, natural gas and water in a first preheater (107), a second preheater (108) and a third preheater (109) of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100) respectively;
Step three, the steam turbine power generation subsystem (300) utilizes the exhaust waste heat of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine mixed power generation subsystem (100) to prepare saturated steam, and drives a steam turbine (302) of the steam turbine power generation subsystem (300) to expand and do work;
step four, the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem (400) further utilizes the exhaust waste heat of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100) to prepare saturated organic working medium steam, and drives the organic Rankine cycle turbine (401) to expand and do work; the process comprises the following steps: the supercooled organic working medium absorbs exhaust waste heat in the heat recovery steam generator (301) to become saturated organic working medium steam, the saturated organic working medium steam enters the organic Rankine cycle turbine (401) to expand and do work to generate electricity, the organic working medium gas at the outlet of the organic Rankine cycle turbine (401) enters the second condenser (402) to be condensed into organic working medium saturated liquid, the saturated liquid enters the working medium pump (403) to be pressurized into supercooled organic working medium liquid, and the supercooled organic working medium liquid enters the heat recovery steam generator (301) to absorb heat and evaporate to continue to participate in the work to generate electricity of the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem (400);
Fifthly, the jet refrigerator and heat exchanger subsystem (500) is used for driving the ejector (501) to prepare chilled water by utilizing the residual pressure of the exhaust gas of the organic Rankine cycle turbine (401) of the organic Rankine cycle power generation subsystem (400), and preparing domestic hot water by utilizing the exhaust gas waste heat of the heat recovery steam generator (301) of the steam turbine power generation subsystem (300); the process comprises the following steps: the outlet gas of the first heat exchanger (503) is injected into the injector (501), compressed by the outlet gas of the organic Rankine cycle turbine (401), namely working fluid, and then enters the second condenser (402) to be condensed, the condensed organic working fluid is decompressed in the expansion valve (502) and then enters the first heat exchanger (503) to absorb heat and prepare chilled water, and the chilled water can be used for regional cooling; the second heat exchanger (504) can further recycle the waste heat from the heat recovery steam generator (301) to prepare domestic hot water through heat exchange.
8. The integrated solid oxide fuel cell and solar cogeneration method of claim 7, wherein the process of step one comprises:
the fuel, namely natural gas and water, is reformed into hydrogen and carbon monoxide in the anode of a solid oxide fuel cell (101) of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100) after being compressed and preheated, and the hydrogen and the carbon monoxide react with oxygen in cathode air entering the solid oxide fuel cell (101) electrochemically, and the generated direct current is converted into alternating current through an inverter (102) of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100); the anode outlet of the solid oxide fuel cell (101) still has completely unreacted combustible gas, anode gas is recycled through a valve (113) of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine mixed power generation subsystem (100) to continue to participate in electrochemical reaction, and meanwhile, the solid oxide fuel cell can be mixed with cathode exhaust of the solid oxide fuel cell (101) in a post combustion chamber (103) of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine mixed power generation subsystem (100) to burn, thereby providing high-temperature gas for a gas turbine (104) and expanding to do work to generate power; the gas turbine (104) drives the coaxial air compressor (105) and the fuel compressor (106) to work so as to respectively compress natural gas and air; the first preheater (107), the second preheater (108) and the third preheater (109) of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100) respectively preheat air, natural gas and water, and the water is compressed by a first water pump (111) of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100) and then is preheated in the third preheater (109) and then mixed with the natural gas.
9. The integrated solid oxide fuel cell and solar cogeneration method of claim 7, wherein the process of step two comprises:
the solar heat collector (203) of the solar heat collection-storage subsystem (200) absorbs solar energy and heats molten salt, the high-temperature molten salt after heat absorption stores heat in the heat energy storage tank (201), and when the first preheater (107), the second preheater (108) and the third preheater (109) need heat to preheat air, natural gas and water needed by the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine hybrid power generation subsystem (100), the heat stored in the heat energy storage tank (201) can be led out through working medium water; the low-temperature molten salt after releasing heat flows back to the solar heat collector (203) through the molten salt pump (202) to continuously absorb solar energy and store heat energy.
10. A combined cooling, heating and power method for integrating a solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy as defined in claim 7 wherein said step three comprises:
the condensed water absorbs the waste heat of the exhaust gas of the solid oxide fuel cell-gas turbine mixed power generation subsystem (100) in the heat recovery steam generator (301) of the steam turbine power generation subsystem (300) to become saturated water, then absorbs heat continuously to become saturated steam, the saturated steam enters the steam turbine (302) to expand and do work to generate power, the exhaust gas of the steam turbine (302) enters the first condenser (303) to be condensed into saturated water, the saturated water enters the second water pump (304) to be pressurized to become supercooled condensed water, and the condensed water enters the heat recovery steam generator (301) to absorb heat and evaporate, and then participates in the steam turbine power generation subsystem (300) to do work to generate power continuously.
CN202310195269.9A 2023-03-02 2023-03-02 Combined cooling heating and power system integrating solid oxide fuel cell and solar energy and method thereof Pending CN116518568A (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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CN116816649A (en) * 2023-08-16 2023-09-29 武汉理工大学三亚科教创新园 Underwater compressed air energy storage cold-hot water poly-generation system

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN116816649A (en) * 2023-08-16 2023-09-29 武汉理工大学三亚科教创新园 Underwater compressed air energy storage cold-hot water poly-generation system
CN116816649B (en) * 2023-08-16 2024-05-17 武汉理工大学三亚科教创新园 Underwater compressed air energy storage cold-hot water poly-generation system

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