CN109958534A - Utilize the reverse-flow type fuel cell generation and its working method of LNG cold energy - Google Patents
Utilize the reverse-flow type fuel cell generation and its working method of LNG cold energy Download PDFInfo
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- CN109958534A CN109958534A CN201910252006.0A CN201910252006A CN109958534A CN 109958534 A CN109958534 A CN 109958534A CN 201910252006 A CN201910252006 A CN 201910252006A CN 109958534 A CN109958534 A CN 109958534A
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- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 176
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 17
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 239000002918 waste heat Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000003487 electrochemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000019504 cigarettes Nutrition 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000002737 fuel gas Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 239000003949 liquefied natural gas Substances 0.000 description 45
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 11
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 7
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 238000007710 freezing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000008014 freezing Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000004378 air conditioning Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000001569 carbon dioxide Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010992 reflux Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000009833 condensation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000005494 condensation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000027418 Wounds and injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000013459 approach Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006378 damage Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 208000014674 injury Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005457 optimization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007800 oxidant agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036647 reaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012495 reaction gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009738 saturating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000013535 sea water Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas- turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B1/00—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method
- F22B1/02—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers
- F22B1/18—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines
- F22B1/1807—Methods of steam generation characterised by form of heating method by exploitation of the heat content of hot heat carriers the heat carrier being a hot gas, e.g. waste gas such as exhaust gas of internal-combustion engines using the exhaust gases of combustion engines
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23J—REMOVAL OR TREATMENT OF COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OR COMBUSTION RESIDUES; FLUES
- F23J15/00—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes
- F23J15/06—Arrangements of devices for treating smoke or fumes of coolers
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B27/00—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy
- F25B27/02—Machines, plants or systems, using particular sources of energy using waste heat, e.g. from internal-combustion engines
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M8/00—Fuel cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M8/04—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids
- H01M8/04007—Auxiliary arrangements, e.g. for control of pressure or for circulation of fluids related to heat exchange
- H01M8/04014—Heat exchange using gaseous fluids; Heat exchange by combustion of reactants
- H01M8/04022—Heating by combustion
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/30—Technologies for a more efficient combustion or heat usage
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
Present disclose provides a kind of reverse-flow type fuel cell generations and its working method using LNG cold energy, improve operation of fuel cells efficiency, improve the applicability of system.The system includes fuel cell and gas turbine hybrid power system, residual neat recovering system and LNG cold energy use system, air enters the cathode side of fuel cell after air compression system pressurization preheating, fuel respectively enters mixer mixing after the pressurization preheating of water vapor pressure compression system by fuel compression system pressurization preheating, vapor, and mixed combustion gas enters the anode-side of fuel cell；Electrochemical reaction occurs in fuel cell for air and fuel, and the cathode side and anode-side residue unreacting gas of fuel cell respectively enter after-burner burning, and the high temperature and high pressure flue gas that after-burner generates enters the acting of gas turbine turbine；The flue gas of gas turbine turbine output sequentially enters the first air preheater, fuel preheater, vapor heater and waste heat boiler.
Description
Technical field
This disclosure relates to fuel cell power generation field, and in particular to a kind of reverse-flow type fuel cell hair using LNG cold energy
Electric system and its working method.
Background technique
Current energy environment situation very severe, with the growth of population, electrical energy demands are also sharply increased.Traditional power generation
Mode locks under Carnot cycle Thermal efficiency, and the tail gas discharged has very big injury to environment.Fuel cell technology with
Conventional power generation device is a kind of novel power generation approach compared to more clean and effective.Among these, solid oxide fuel cell
(SOFC) compared to other kinds of fuel cell, have the characteristics that high conversion efficiency and fuel matching are wider array of.SOFC's
For operating temperature between 400-1000 DEG C, power generation while, can release a large amount of high-grade waste heat, thus SOFC system it
Matching suitable bottoming cycle afterwards is also main research direction.
Inventor has found that existing fuel cell generation, setup parameter is less in R&D process, and limitation work is about
Beam section reduces the applicability of system；The bottoming cycle of legacy system mostly uses ORC (Organic Rankine Cycle), to cycle fluid
Selection need fuel cell parameter change, do not have general and generalization；In addition to this, the power generation effect of fuel cell
There are also very big rooms for promotion for rate.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the above-mentioned deficiencies of the prior art, present disclose provides a kind of reverse-flow type fuel electricity using LNG cold energy
Pond electricity generation system and its working method improve fuel cell power generation efficiency, improve the applicability of system.
Technical solution used by the disclosure is:
A kind of reverse-flow type fuel cell generation, the system include fuel cell and gas turbine hybrid power system,
The fuel cell and gas turbine hybrid power system include air compression system, fuel compression system, vapor compression system
System, mixer, fuel cell, after-burner and gas turbine；
Air enters the cathode side of fuel cell after air compression system pressurization preheating, and fuel is by fuel compression system
System pressurization preheating, vapor respectively enter mixer mixing, mixed combustion gas after the pressurization preheating of water vapor pressure compression system
Into the anode-side of fuel cell；
Electrochemical reaction occurs in fuel cell for air and fuel, and the cathode side and anode-side residue of fuel cell be not anti-
Gas is answered to respectively enter after-burner burning, the high temperature and high pressure flue gas that after-burner generates enters the acting of gas turbine turbine.
As the further technical solution of the disclosure, the air compression system includes sequentially connected first air compression
Machine, First Heat Exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the second air compressor and the first air preheater and the second air preheater；
Air successively passes through the first air compressor, First Heat Exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the second air compressor, first
Enter the cathode side of fuel cell after air preheater and the pressurization preheating of the second air preheater.
As the further technical solution of the disclosure, the fuel compression system includes fuel compressor and fuel preheating
Device, fuel pressurize, after fuel preheater preheating by fuel compressor, mix into mixer.
As the further technical solution of the disclosure, the water vapor pressure compression system includes that the first working medium pump and vapor add
Hot device, vapor mix after the first working medium pump and vapor heater heat and be preheated to given parameters into mixer.
As the further technical solution of the disclosure, the output end of the after-burner also connects with the second air preheater
It connects, the high temperature and high pressure flue gas that after-burner generates also is sent into the second air preheater heating air；
The flue gas output end of the gas turbine is sequentially connected the first air preheater, fuel preheater and vapor heating
Device, gas turbine export flue gas to the first air preheater, fuel preheater and vapor heater is sequentially entered, and heating is empty
Gas, fuel and vapor reach fuel battery inside reaction temperature.
It further include residual neat recovering system as the further technical solution of the disclosure, the residual neat recovering system includes remaining
Heat boiler, the second turbine and regenerator, the waste heat boiler are connect with vapor heater, by the height of vapor heater
Warm high pressure flue gas enters waste heat boiler；Waste heat boiler exports flue gas and enters the second turbine, the cigarette that the second turbine turbine comes out
Gas is again introduced into waste heat boiler by regenerator.
It further include LNG cold energy use system, the LNG cold energy use system as the further technical solution of the disclosure
Including LNG tank, condenser and third heat exchanger, the LNG tank output cold energy enters condenser by third working medium pump, described cold
The cold energy of condenser output enters regenerator by the second working medium pump, and regenerator also exports flue gas to condenser；The condenser is defeated
Cold energy out carries out heat exchange also into third heat exchanger, and it is cooling into the second heat exchanger that the third heat exchanger exports cold energy
Air.
As the further technical solution of the disclosure, second air preheater is also connected with third turbine, described
Air after the preheating of second air heat exchanger enters the acting of third turbine turbine.
The working method of reverse-flow type fuel cell generation as described above the following steps are included:
Air successively passes through the first air compressor, First Heat Exchanger, second the second air compressor of heat exchanger, the first sky
Enter the cathode side of fuel cell after air preheater and the pressurization preheating of the second air preheater；Fuel adds by fuel compressor
After pressure, fuel preheater are preheated to given parameters, into mixer；Vapor adds by the first working medium pump and vapor heater
Pressure is preheated to given parameters, into mixer；Enter the anode-side of fuel cell after mixer mixes；
Electrochemical reaction occurs in fuel cell for air and fuel, and the cathode side and anode-side of fuel cell are remaining not
Reaction gas respectively enters after-burner burning, and the high temperature and high pressure flue gas that after-burner generates is divided into two parts, a portion
High temperature and high pressure flue gas is sent into the second air heat exchanger and heats air；Another part high temperature and high pressure flue gas enters gas turbine, combustion gas
The flue gas of turbine turbine output sequentially enters the first air preheater, fuel preheater, vapor heater, heating air, combustion
Material and vapor reach fuel battery inside reaction temperature, finally enter waste heat boiler recovery waste heat.
Further technical solution as the disclosure, further includes:
Waste heat boiler exports flue gas and enters the second turbine, and the flue gas that the second turbine turbine comes out passes through regenerator again
It is sent into waste heat boiler, is circuited sequentially；
LNG tank output cold energy enters condenser, and condenser output cold energy enters regenerator, and regenerator exports flue gas to condensation
Device circuits sequentially；Condenser exports cold energy and carries out heat exchange also into third heat exchanger, and third heat exchanger exports cold energy and enters
Second heat exchanger cooling air.
Through the above technical solutions, the beneficial effect of the disclosure is:
(1) disclosure improves conventional fuel cell, using partial reflux formula structure, by extraction section high-temperature flue gas come
Preheated air, improve fuel cell inlet temperature, improve operation of fuel cells efficiency, expand system parameter variations range from
And improve the applicability of system.
(2) disclosure realizes LNG cold energy cascade utilization, using LNG cold energy as CO2The cold source of condenser expands remaining
The temperature change section of heat recovery system, and then improve residual neat recovering system working efficiency；The LNG come out from condenser enters
Heat exchanger HE3 carries out heat exchange, and the cold energy of output can be used for freezing and refrigeration, air-conditioning etc.；LNG enters heat exchanger HE2 to first
The air of grade compression outlet is cooling, improves compressor working efficiency.
(3) disclosure is higher from temperature of the part high-temperature flue gas that combustion chamber is extracted after the second heat exchanger preheated air,
Third turbine T3 is introduced, reduces flue-gas temperature while exporting mechanical work.
Detailed description of the invention
The Figure of description for constituting a part of this disclosure is used to provide further understanding of the disclosure, and the disclosure is shown
Meaning property embodiment and its explanation do not constitute the improper restriction to the disclosure for explaining the application.
Fig. 1 is the structure chart of one reverse-flow type fuel cell generation of embodiment.
Specific embodiment
The disclosure is described further with embodiment with reference to the accompanying drawing.
It is noted that following detailed description is all illustrative, it is intended to provide further instruction to the disclosure.Unless another
It indicates, all technical and scientific terms that the disclosure uses have logical with disclosure person of an ordinary skill in the technical field
The identical meanings understood.
It should be noted that term used herein above is merely to describe specific embodiment, and be not intended to restricted root
According to the illustrative embodiments of the application.As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, otherwise singular
Also it is intended to include plural form, additionally, it should be understood that, when in the present specification using term "comprising" and/or " packet
Include " when, indicate existing characteristics, step, operation, device, component and/or their combination.
Explanation of nouns:
(1) SOFC, solid oxide fuel cell belong to third generation fuel cell, are that one kind directly will under high temperature
The chemical energy being stored in fuel and oxidant efficiently, is environmentally friendly converted to all solid state chemical generated device of electric energy.
(2) LNG is that the English of liquefied natural gas is write a Chinese character in simplified form.Liquefied natural gas is that conventional gas takes a series of purification
Processing technique becomes liquid by corresponding freezing processing, and the temperature of this liquid is usually at -162 DEG C or so.
Embodiment one
The present embodiment provides a kind of reverse-flow type fuel cell generation using LNG cold energy, which includes fuel electricity
Pond and gas turbine hybrid power system, residual neat recovering system and LNG cold energy use system, pass through fuel cell and combustion gas wheel
Machine hybrid power system is produced electricl energy using partial reflux formula structure；Fuel cell and combustion are recycled using residual neat recovering system
The carbon dioxide of gas-turbine hybrid power system output；It is mixed by each fuel cell of LNG cold energy use system with gas turbine
Electricity generation system, residual neat recovering system cooling supply.
In order to make those skilled in the art be best understood from the technical solution of the application, the present embodiment is proposed below
Reverse-flow type fuel cell generation is described in detail.
Attached drawing 1 is please referred to, the reverse-flow type fuel cell generation includes fuel cell and gas turbine mixed power generation
System, residual neat recovering system and LNG cold energy use system.
Specifically, the fuel cell and gas turbine hybrid power system include air compression system, fuel compression system
System, water vapor pressure compression system, mixer 7, fuel cell 4, after-burner 5 and gas turbine 6.
Air 1 enters the cathode side of fuel cell 4 after air compression system pressurized, heated, and fuel 2 passes through fuel pressure
Compression system pressurizes and enters mixer after being preheated to given parameters；Vapor by water vapor pressure compression system pressurize and be preheated to
Enter mixer after determining parameter；By the anode-side for entering fuel cell 4 after the mixing of mixer 7.
Electrochemical reaction occurs in fuel cell 4 for air and fuel, and the cathode side and anode-side of fuel cell 4 are remaining
Unreacting gas respectively enters the burning of after-burner 5, and the high temperature and high pressure flue gas that after-burner 5 generates is divided into two parts, wherein one
The second air heat exchanger PH2 that part high temperature and high pressure flue gas is sent into air compression system heats air, and air is made to reach fuel electricity
React required temperature in pond；Another part high temperature and high pressure flue gas enters 6 turbine of gas turbine acting output electric energy, the gas turbine
The flue gas of 6 turbines output sequentially enters the fuel preheating of the first air preheater PH1 of air compression system, fuel compression system
The vapor heater PH4 and residual neat recovering system of device PH3, water vapor pressure compression system, reach air, fuel and vapor
Fuel battery inside reaction temperature, and give bottoming cycle heat supply.
In the present embodiment, the air compression system includes sequentially connected first air compressor C1, the first heat exchange
Device HE1, the second heat exchanger HE2, the second air compressor C2 and the first air preheater PH1, the second air preheater PH1, it is empty
Gas 1 is successively by the first air compressor C1, First Heat Exchanger HE1, the second heat exchanger HE2, the second air compressor C2 and the
Enter the cathode side of fuel cell 4 after one air preheater PH1, the second air preheater PH1 pressurized, heated；The after-burner
5 output end is also connect with the second air preheater PH2, and a part of high temperature and high pressure flue gas that after-burner 5 generates is sent into
Second air preheater PH2 heats air；The gas turbine 6 is also connect with the first air preheater PH1, and gas turbine 6 is saturating
The flue gas of flat output enters the first air preheater PH1 and heats air, and air is made to reach fuel battery inside reaction temperature；It is described
Second heat exchanger HE2 is also connect with LNG cold energy use system, and the LNG of LNG cold energy use system output enters the second heat exchanger
HE2 cools down the air of the first air compressor output, improves air compressor working efficiency.
The air compression system that the present embodiment proposes waits compression ratios two stages of compression, two stages of compression mistake using efficiency is highest
The heat generated in journey takes away seawater by indirectly cooling method.
In the present embodiment, the fuel compression system includes fuel compressor C3 and fuel preheater PH3, and fuel passes through
After fuel compressor C3 pressurization, fuel preheater PH3 are preheated to given parameters, mixed into mixer 7, the fuel preheater
PH3 is also connect with the first air preheater PH1, and the flue gas of 6 turbine of gas turbine output is laggard by the first air preheater PH1
Enter fuel preheater PH3 heating fuel, fuel is made to reach fuel battery inside reaction temperature.
In the present embodiment, the water vapor pressure compression system includes the first working medium pump P1 and vapor heater PH4, and water steams
Gas mixes, institute after the first working medium pump P1 and vapor heater PH4 are heated and be preheated to given parameters into mixer 7
It states vapor heater PH4 also to connect with fuel preheater PH3, the flue gas of 6 turbine of gas turbine output is pre- by the first air
Enter vapor heater PH4 after hot device PH1 and fuel preheater PH3 and heat vapor, reaches vapor in fuel cell
Portion's reaction temperature.
Specifically, the residual neat recovering system includes waste heat boiler 8, the second turbine T2 and regenerator 9, the waste heat pot
Furnace 8 is connect with vapor heater PH4, and the flue gas of 6 turbine of gas turbine output is pre- by the first air preheater PH1, fuel
Hot device PH3 and vapor heater PH4 enters waste heat boiler 8 to bottoming cycle heat supply, the output end and second of the waste heat boiler 8
One output end of turbine T2 connection, the second turbine T2 is connect with regenerator 9, the cigarette of the second turbine T2 turbine output
Gas enters regenerator 9；The regenerator 9 is also connect with waste heat boiler 8, and the flue gas after backheat is sent into waste heat boiler by regenerator 9
8, carbon dioxide recycle is formed, system effectiveness is increased.
The residual neat recovering system that the present embodiment proposes realizes critical-cross carbon dioxide circulation, increases regenerator 9 and is to increase
System efficiency.
Specifically, the LNG cold energy use system includes LNG tank 11, condenser 10 and third heat exchanger HE3, the LNG
Tank 11 is connect by third working medium pump P3 with condenser 10, and the condenser passes through the input terminal of the second working medium pump and regenerator 9,
The output end of the regenerator 9 is also connect with condenser, and LNG tank exports LNG to condenser 10, using LNG cold energy as CO2It is cold
The cold source of condenser, expands the temperature change section of residual neat recovering system, and then improves the working efficiency of residual neat recovering system；
The condenser 10 is also connect with third heat exchanger HE3, and the LNG that condenser 10 exports enters third heat exchanger HE3 and carries out heat
The cold energy of exchange, third heat exchanger HE3 output can be used for freezing and refrigeration, air-conditioning etc.；The third heat exchanger HE3 is also changed with second
Hot device HE2 connection, it is cold to the air of first order compression outlet that the cold energy of third heat exchanger HE3 output enters the second heat exchanger HE2
But, compressor working efficiency is improved.
The LNG cold energy use system that the present embodiment proposes is supplied by analyses and comparison LNG temperature range to system components
Cold, extra cooling capacity can be used as the cold energy output of system.
By the calculating and optimization to system, for the electricity generation system that the present embodiment proposes compared to previous system, the thermal efficiency can
To promote 10% or so, 64.14% can achieve,Efficiency can achieve 61.88%.
In the present embodiment, the second air preheater PH2 is also connected with third turbine T3, and effect is from after-burning
It is higher to burn temperature of a part of high-temperature flue gas of the output of room 5 after the second air heat exchanger PH2 preheated air, introduces third turbine
Machine T3 reduces flue-gas temperature while exporting mechanical work.
Please refer to attached drawing 1, the course of work for the reverse-flow type fuel cell generation that the present embodiment proposes are as follows:
Air 1 successively passes through the first air compressor C1, First Heat Exchanger HE1, the second heat exchanger HE2, the second air pressure
Enter the cathode side of fuel cell 4 after contracting machine C2 and the first air preheater PH1, the second air preheater PH1 pressurized, heated；Combustion
Material 2 mixes, vapor 3 after fuel compressor C3 pressurization, fuel preheater PH3 are preheated to given parameters into mixer 7
After the first working medium pump P1 and vapor heater PH4 pressurize and be preheated to given parameters, mixes, pass through into mixer 7
Enter the anode-side of fuel cell 4 after the mixing of mixer 7.
Electrochemical reaction occurs in fuel cell 4 for air and fuel, and the cathode side and anode-side of fuel cell 4 are remaining
Unreacting gas respectively enters the burning of after-burner 5, and the high temperature and high pressure flue gas that after-burner 5 generates is divided into two parts, wherein one
The second air heat exchanger PH2 that part high temperature and high pressure flue gas is sent into air compression system heats air, and air is made to reach fuel electricity
React required temperature in pond；Another part high temperature and high pressure flue gas enters 6 turbine of gas turbine acting output electric energy, from gas turbine 6
Turbine output flue gas sequentially enter the first air preheater PH1, fuel preheater PH3, vapor heater PH4, make air,
Fuel and vapor reach fuel battery inside reaction temperature, finally enter waste heat boiler 8, and give bottoming cycle heat supply.
Waste heat boiler 8 exports flue gas and enters the second turbine T2, and the flue gas that the second turbine T2 turbine comes out passes through backheat
Device 9 is fed again into waste heat boiler 8, circuits sequentially.
LNG tank exports LNG to condenser 10；Condenser 10 exports LNG to regenerator 9；Regenerator 9 exports flue gas to condensation
Device 10, circuits sequentially；Condenser 10 exports LNG and carries out heat exchange also into third heat exchanger HE3, and the cold energy of output can be used for
Freezing and refrigeration, air-conditioning etc.；Finally, third heat exchanger HE3 output LNG enters the second heat exchanger HE2 to first order compression outlet
Air is cooling, improves compressor working efficiency.
Embodiment two
The present embodiment provides a kind of reverse-flow type fuel cell power generation method using LNG cold energy, this method is based on as above
What the reverse-flow type fuel cell generation was realized, method includes the following steps:
S101, air 1 is successively by the first air compressor C1, First Heat Exchanger HE1, the second heat exchanger HE2, the second sky
Enter the cathode of fuel cell 4 after air compressor C2 and the first air preheater PH1, the second air preheater PH1 pressurized, heated
Side；
S102, fuel 2 is after fuel compressor C3 pressurizes, fuel preheater PH3 is preheated to given parameters, into mixing
Device 7 mix, vapor 3 after the first working medium pump P1 and vapor heater PH4 heats and are preheated to given parameters, into mix
Clutch 7 mixes, by the anode-side for entering fuel cell 4 after the mixing of mixer 7.
Electrochemical reaction, the cathode side and anode-side of fuel cell 4 occur in fuel cell 4 for S103, air and fuel
Remaining unreacting gas respectively enters the burning of after-burner 5, and the high temperature and high pressure flue gas that after-burner 5 generates is divided into two parts,
The second air heat exchanger PH2 that a portion high temperature and high pressure flue gas is sent into air compression system heats air, reaches air
Fuel cell reaction required temperature；Another part high temperature and high pressure flue gas enters 6 turbine of gas turbine acting output electric energy, from combustion gas
The flue gas of 6 turbine of turbine output sequentially enters the first air preheater PH1, fuel preheater PH3, vapor heater PH4, makes
Air, fuel and vapor reach fuel battery inside reaction temperature, finally enter waste heat boiler 8, and give bottoming cycle heat supply.
The reverse-flow type fuel cell power generation method that the present embodiment proposes further include:
S104, waste heat boiler 8 export flue gas to the second turbine T2, and the flue gas that the second turbine T2 turbine comes out passes through back
Hot device 9 is fed again into waste heat boiler 8, circuits sequentially.
The reverse-flow type fuel cell power generation method that the present embodiment proposes further include:
S105, LNG tank export LNG to condenser 10；Condenser 10 exports LNG to regenerator 9；Regenerator 9 exports flue gas
To condenser 10, circuit sequentially；Condenser 10 exports LNG and carries out heat exchange, the cold energy of output also into third heat exchanger HE3
It can be used for freezing and refrigeration, air-conditioning etc.；Finally, third heat exchanger HE3 output LNG enters the second heat exchanger HE2 and compresses to the first order
The air of outlet is cooling, improves compressor working efficiency.
It can be seen from the above description that the above embodiments realize following technical effect:
(1) conventional fuel cell is improved, using partial reflux formula structure, sky is preheated by extraction section high-temperature flue gas
Gas improves fuel cell inlet temperature, improves operation of fuel cells efficiency, expands system parameter variations range to improve
The applicability of system.
(2) LNG cold energy cascade utilization is realized.Firstly, using LNG cold energy as CO2The cold source of condenser, expands waste heat
The temperature change section of recovery system, and then improve residual neat recovering system working efficiency.Secondly, the LNG come out from condenser
Heat exchange is carried out into heat exchanger HE3, the cold energy of output can be used for freezing and refrigeration, air-conditioning etc..Finally, LNG enters heat exchanger
HE2 is cooling to the air of first order compression outlet, improves compressor working efficiency.
(3) temperature of the part high-temperature flue gas after the second heat exchanger preheated air extracted from combustion chamber is higher, introduces the
Three turbine T3 reduce flue-gas temperature while exporting mechanical work.
Although above-mentioned be described in conjunction with specific embodiment of the attached drawing to the disclosure, model not is protected to the disclosure
The limitation enclosed, those skilled in the art should understand that, on the basis of the technical solution of the disclosure, those skilled in the art are not
Need to make the creative labor the various modifications or changes that can be made still within the protection scope of the disclosure.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of reverse-flow type fuel cell generation, characterized in that including fuel cell and gas turbine hybrid power system,
The fuel cell and gas turbine hybrid power system include air compression system, fuel compression system, vapor compression system
System, mixer, fuel cell, after-burner and gas turbine；
Air enters the cathode side of fuel cell after air compression system pressurization preheating, and fuel adds by fuel compression system
Pressure preheating, vapor respectively enter mixer mixing after the pressurization preheating of water vapor pressure compression system, and mixed combustion gas enters
The anode-side of fuel cell；
Electrochemical reaction, the cathode side and anode-side residue unreacting gas of fuel cell occur in fuel cell for air and fuel
Body respectively enters after-burner burning, and the high temperature and high pressure flue gas that after-burner generates enters the acting of gas turbine turbine.
2. reverse-flow type fuel cell generation according to claim 1, characterized in that the air compression system includes
Sequentially connected first air compressor, First Heat Exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the second air compressor and the first air preheater
With the second air preheater；
Air successively passes through the first air compressor, First Heat Exchanger, the second heat exchanger, the second air compressor, the first air
Enter the cathode side of fuel cell after preheater and the pressurization preheating of the second air preheater.
3. reverse-flow type fuel cell generation according to claim 1, characterized in that the fuel compression system includes
Fuel compressor and fuel preheater, fuel pressurizes by fuel compressor, after fuel preheater preheating, mixed into mixer
It closes.
4. reverse-flow type fuel cell generation according to claim 1, characterized in that the water vapor pressure compression system packet
The first working medium pump and vapor heater are included, vapor is heated and is preheated to given by the first working medium pump and vapor heater
After parameter, mixed into mixer.
5. reverse-flow type fuel cell generation according to claim 2, characterized in that the output end of the after-burner
It is also connect with the second air preheater, it is empty that the high temperature and high pressure flue gas that after-burner generates also is sent into the heating of the second air preheater
Gas；
The flue gas output end of the gas turbine is sequentially connected the first air preheater, fuel preheater and vapor heater,
Gas turbine exports flue gas and fires to the first air preheater, fuel preheater and vapor heater, heating air is sequentially entered
Material and vapor reach fuel battery inside reaction temperature.
6. reverse-flow type fuel cell generation according to claim 1, characterized in that it further include residual neat recovering system,
The residual neat recovering system includes waste heat boiler, the second turbine and regenerator, and the waste heat boiler and vapor heater connect
It connects, the high temperature and high pressure flue gas by vapor heater enters waste heat boiler；Waste heat boiler exports flue gas and enters the second turbine,
The flue gas that second turbine turbine comes out is again introduced into waste heat boiler by regenerator.
7. reverse-flow type fuel cell generation according to claim 1, characterized in that further include LNG cold energy use system
System, the LNG cold energy use system include LNG tank, condenser and third heat exchanger, and the LNG tank output cold energy passes through third
Working medium pump enters condenser, and the cold energy of the condenser output enters regenerator by the second working medium pump, and regenerator also exports cigarette
Gas is to condenser；The cold energy of the condenser output carries out heat exchange also into third heat exchanger, and the third heat exchanger is defeated
Cold energy enters the second heat exchanger cooling air out.
8. reverse-flow type fuel cell generation according to claim 1, characterized in that second air preheater is also
It is connected with third turbine, the air after the second air heat exchanger preheating enters the acting of third turbine turbine.
9. such as the working method of reverse-flow type fuel cell generation described in any item of the claim 1 to 8, characterized in that
Method includes the following steps:
It is pre- that air successively passes through the first air compressor, First Heat Exchanger, second the second air compressor of heat exchanger, the first air
Enter the cathode side of fuel cell after hot device and the pressurization preheating of the second air preheater；Fuel is by fuel compressor pressurization, combustion
After material preheater is preheated to given parameters, into mixer；Vapor is pre- by the first working medium pump and the pressurization of vapor heater
Heat is to after given parameters, into mixer；Enter the anode-side of fuel cell after mixer mixes；
Electrochemical reaction, the remaining unreacted of cathode side and anode-side of fuel cell occur in fuel cell for air and fuel
Gas respectively enters after-burner burning, and the high temperature and high pressure flue gas that after-burner generates is divided into two parts, a portion high temperature
High pressure flue gas is sent into the second air heat exchanger and heats air；Another part high temperature and high pressure flue gas enters gas turbine, gas turbine
The flue gas of turbine output sequentially enters the first air preheater, fuel preheater, vapor heater, heating air, fuel and
Vapor reaches fuel battery inside reaction temperature, finally enters waste heat boiler recovery waste heat.
10. the working method of reverse-flow type fuel cell generation according to claim 9, characterized in that further include:
Waste heat boiler exports flue gas and enters the second turbine, and the flue gas that the second turbine turbine comes out is fed again by regenerator
Waste heat boiler circuits sequentially；
LNG tank output cold energy enters condenser, and condenser output cold energy enters regenerator, and regenerator exports flue gas to condenser,
It circuits sequentially；Condenser exports cold energy and carries out heat exchange also into third heat exchanger, and third heat exchanger exports cold energy and enters the
Two heat exchanger cooling airs.
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