CN108976565A - 一种家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料 - Google Patents

一种家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料 Download PDF

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CN108976565A
CN108976565A CN201810905452.2A CN201810905452A CN108976565A CN 108976565 A CN108976565 A CN 108976565A CN 201810905452 A CN201810905452 A CN 201810905452A CN 108976565 A CN108976565 A CN 108976565A
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王雪
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Funan Kunpeng Plastic Technology Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种家电外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料。本发明的母料包括以下重量份数的原料:载体树脂85~100份，颜料10~20份，改性陶瓷微粉21~47份、抗菌剂10~20份，防老剂0.5~2份；本发明公开的母料的制备方法为:将各种原材料按原料配比称量研磨细化，再将载体树脂和防老剂一起加入高速混合机中混合均匀，最后将混合物料加入密炼机混炼，挤出拉条,制粒。本发明在家电塑料外壳专用母料中采用通用载体树脂，适用各种家电塑料外壳，无需增容剂，操作简单制备得到家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料，该母料具有抗菌拒水防污耐老化的功能，分散均匀，色调一致，添加使用方便，具有无毒、高效、防污期长、降噪的优点。

Description

一种家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料
技术领域
本发明属于高分子材料技术领域，具体涉及一种家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料。
背景技术
对于家电噪声的危害，许多人只想到会损坏听力，其实这只是其中一方面。专家指出，噪声的危害远不止于损害听力，严重的还会损害视力，长时间处于噪声环境中的人很容易发生眼疲劳、眼痛、眼花和视物流泪等现象。家电噪声也会影响人们的正常工作学习和休息。长时间家电塑料外壳也会因光照老化，物理力学性能下降，表面变暗，且因微生物的生长累积，表面变脏，霉菌大肆生长繁殖，如冰箱、空调等，严重影响人们的生活安全健康。目前，对于家电的整体降噪，大多采用电动配件的降噪，如采用低噪压缩机，改变家电的结构，添加额外的吸声发泡材料。采用上述的降噪方式，成本较高，起到的降噪效果不好。对于采用塑料外壳降噪的方式鲜有报道。塑料外壳降噪的用途不仅限于冰箱、空调大家电领域，如电力电柜、音响设备、厨柜厨电，均有所涉及。
中国专利公开号：“CN107353617A ”公开了具有降噪性能的PC/ABS材料,改材料具有良好的物性,而且具有较高的降噪效果，并且公开了一种降噪母粒，主要应用了有机插层蒙托土，但降噪效果并不明显。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题，提供了一种家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料。
本发明通过以下技术方案实现：
一种家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料，所述母料包括以下重量份数的原料：载体树脂89~118份、颜料11~33份、改性陶瓷微粉21~47份、抗菌剂10~20份、防老剂0.5~2份、加工助剂5~10份；其中，所述抗菌剂为空心介孔二氧化硅、空心介孔二氧化钛、银掺杂氧化锌沸石复合物、聚六亚甲基胍、吡啶硫铜锌以及异噻唑啉酮类抗菌剂的几种的混合物；所述防老剂为苯并咪唑系类防老剂、受阻酚类抗氧剂、对苯二胺类防老剂的一种或多种；所述加工助剂为EBS、PE蜡、硅烷偶联剂的混合物；所述载体树脂为聚乙烯/聚氨酯IPN材料、聚氨酯/乙烯醋酸乙烯酯IPN材料、POE、氧化乙烯中的一种或多种的混合物。
进一步的，所述改性陶瓷微粉为压电陶瓷微粉经偶联剂表面偶联剂处理后与有机插层蒙脱土悬浮液均匀混合后，经真空干燥而得；所述压电陶瓷微粉为锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷微粉和NBBT陶瓷微粉和偏铌酸钾钠微粉的一种或多种。
一种家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料，其特征在于，其制备方法包括以下步骤:（1)将颜料、改性陶瓷微粉、抗菌剂和加工助剂按原料配比称量加入研磨机研磨细化；（2)将载体树脂、防老剂和步骤（1)得到的混合物料按原料配比一起加入高速混合机中混合均匀；（3)将步骤（2)得到的混合物料加入密炼机混炼挤出拉条，制粒，制得所述家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料。
本发明的有益效果：
抗菌是一个广泛的概念，是指抑菌和杀菌作用的总称，指能杀死细菌霉菌或能够抑制细菌霉菌的生长、繁殖，造成其难以生存的环境，如破坏菌蛋白质的合成、细胞壁的合成、菌的能量代谢及其核酸的代谢作用等。
本发明公开的家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料,为家电外壳提供消音性能,可减弱压缩机、发动机产生的噪音。该母料无需耗时、费力的后处理,可提高成本控制、设计自由度及生产效率。家电噪音、振动和声振粗糙度对超静音家电的影响变小。该母料不仅具有出色的消声性能,还兼具较高的本效益和加工效率。 在家电外壳使用保持优异且稳定的消声性能。与普通色母料相比,该母料功能增加，用途多样。该母料以颗粒形态供应,易于使用,简化了加工,且加入树脂后就会即刻使模塑零件具备消声性能,从而马上进入下一个生产步骤。此外,该母料无需后处够进一步加快循环时间,并提高生产效率。母料不会影响家电塑料外壳的重要力学性能,室温下的抗冲击性与未添加相当,拉伸模量、拉伸强度和断裂伸长率也保持在较高水平。此外,添加该母料后,家电塑料外壳会拥有引人的表面外观,可提高其美观度。
聚氨酯材料声阻抗与空气的更接近,容易实现两者的匹配,声波很容易从空气进入到聚氨酯材料中,并将声波的能量转化为热能,尤其在冲击频率比较高的情况下其吸声性能要比金属好。在基体内部混合中空介孔二氧化硅、中空介孔二氧化硅、沸石填料能提高基材降噪性能。聚氨酯分子链的活性大,分子结构可设计性强,黏接性能好,有利于与填料的混合，聚氨酯是通过聚氨酯类反应把羟基链有限的树脂和异氰酸酯链接而成的,可以通过适当选择硬链段进行链接制成具有不同性能的新材料。IPN在受到外部作用时,应力或能量比单独交联网络吏容易分散,可从一个网络传递到另一个网络,因此要破坏IPN的结构就需要更大的能量;另外,IPN的结构又使它具有像线性分子那样的链段相对滑移的性能,因为聚合物两网络是在相界面缠结互穿的,并未形成化学键,所以网络形变更大而且由于网络之间的摩擦,加大了将能量转化成热能的能力,阻尼作用更大压电式复合材料压电式复合材料是新型吸声材料中发展较快的一种,具有密度低、声阻抗与水介质较接近等优点。
在母料加入改性陶瓷微粉,形成微观局部的电流回路,有效地将声能及振动能转换为电能,再经压电作用以热的形式耗散掉,达到吸声和减振的作用,同时可以调节微粒的含量来改变材料的声阻抗从而实现阻抗的匹配。以锆钛酸铅(PZT)压电陶瓷微粉为填料,,压电陶瓷粒子产生压电电荷将机械能转化为电能,此电能再由导电材料及界面电阻转化为热能,在中高频段具有良好的吸声效果压电陶瓷与压电聚合物复合成的压电复合材料克服了压电陶瓷材料自身的脆性和压电聚合物的使用温度限制,保留了各自的优点。
本发明相比现有术具有以下优点：
1.抗菌性和杀菌广泛性，对多种病菌的抗菌率达到99%以上，浸泡一个月后对各种
病菌的抗菌率仍保持在90%以上，最高可以达到97%以上，抗菌持久性稳定。
2.抗菌成分无毒无害，清洁环保，表面光洁平整。
3.具有降噪特性，使用方便，操作简单。
4.综合性能强，耐老化性能优异，适用材料广，可适用于各种家电塑料外壳，为通用家电塑料外壳母料，分散性能量好使用方便。
具体实施方式
下面用具体实施例说明本发明，但并不是对本发明的限制。
实施例1
一种家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料，所述母料包括以下重量份数的原料：载体树脂110份、颜料24份、改性陶瓷微粉29份、抗菌剂15份、防老剂1.5份、加工助剂7份；其中，所述抗菌剂为空心介孔二氧化硅、空心介孔二氧化钛、银掺杂氧化锌沸石复合物、聚六亚甲基胍、吡啶硫铜锌以及异噻唑啉酮类抗菌剂的几种的混合物；所述防老剂为苯并咪唑系类防老剂、受阻酚类抗氧剂、对苯二胺类防老剂的一种或多种；所述加工助剂为EBS、PE蜡、硅烷偶联剂的混合物；所述载体树脂为聚乙烯/聚氨酯IPN材料、聚氨酯/乙烯醋酸乙烯酯IPN材料、POE、氧化乙烯中的一种或多种的混合物。
进一步的，所述改性陶瓷微粉为压电陶瓷微粉经偶联剂表面偶联剂处理后与有机插层蒙脱土悬浮液均匀混合后，经真空干燥而得；所述压电陶瓷微粉为锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷微粉和NBBT陶瓷微粉和偏铌酸钾钠微粉的一种或多种。
一种家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料，其特征在于，其制备方法包括以下步骤:（1)将颜料、改性陶瓷微粉、抗菌剂和加工助剂按原料配比称量加入研磨机研磨细化；（2)将载体树脂、防老剂和步骤（1)得到的混合物料按原料配比一起加入高速混合机中混合均匀；（3)将步骤（2)得到的混合物料加入密炼机混炼挤出拉条，制粒，制得所述家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料。
实施例2
一种家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料，所述母料包括以下重量份数的原料：载体树脂105份、颜料25份、改性陶瓷微粉34份、抗菌剂15份、防老剂1.5份、加工助剂7.5份；其中，所述抗菌剂为空心介孔二氧化硅、空心介孔二氧化钛、银掺杂氧化锌沸石复合物、聚六亚甲基胍、吡啶硫铜锌以及异噻唑啉酮类抗菌剂的几种的混合物；所述防老剂为苯并咪唑系类防老剂、受阻酚类抗氧剂、对苯二胺类防老剂的一种或多种；所述加工助剂为EBS、PE蜡、硅烷偶联剂的混合物；所述载体树脂为聚乙烯/聚氨酯IPN材料、聚氨酯/乙烯醋酸乙烯酯IPN材料、POE、氧化乙烯中的一种或多种的混合物。
进一步的，所述改性陶瓷微粉为压电陶瓷微粉经偶联剂表面偶联剂处理后与有机插层蒙脱土悬浮液均匀混合后，经真空干燥而得；所述压电陶瓷微粉为锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷微粉和NBBT陶瓷微粉和偏铌酸钾钠微粉的一种或多种。
一种家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料，其特征在于，其制备方法包括以下步骤:（1)将颜料、改性陶瓷微粉、抗菌剂和加工助剂按原料配比称量加入研磨机研磨细化；（2)将载体树脂、防老剂和步骤（1)得到的混合物料按原料配比一起加入高速混合机中混合均匀；（3)将步骤（2)得到的混合物料加入密炼机混炼挤出拉条，制粒，制得所述家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料。
对比例1
本对比例与实施例2相比，在原料称取步骤中，省去防老剂成分，除此外的方法步骤均相同。
对比例2
本对比例与实施例2相比，在原料称取步骤中，省去改性陶瓷微粉成分，除此外的方法步骤均相同。
对比例3
本对比例与实施例2相比，在原料称取步骤中，省去抗菌剂成分，除此外的方法步骤均相同。
对比例4
市场上普通颜料母料
表1各实施例和对比例的同添加量母料的塑料外壳浸泡24h抗菌性能测试结果
表2各实施例和对比例家电塑料外壳浸泡720h抗菌性能测试结果
由表1的测试结果可见，实施例1-2母料所得抗菌家电塑料外壳浸泡24h后的抗菌率均大于9%，而对比例4母料为普通色母料，所得家电塑料外壳的抗菌率小于10%。由表2的测试结果可见，实施例1-2母料所得抗菌家电塑料外壳浸泡720h后，抗菌率仍保持在95%以上，其中，抗菌性持久稳定。测试的其它菌种中，枯草杆菌、荧光假单胞杆菌、黑曲霉、变色曲霉、桔青霉、绿色木霉、宛氏拟青霉、腊叶芽枝霉、石膏样毛癣菌、红色癣菌、紫色癬菌、铁锈色小抱子菌、袍子丝菌的抗菌率与以上结果略有差别，但相差不大。
抗菌率试验测试的菌种包括细菌和真菌，在细菌中革兰氏阳性菌主要为金黄色葡葡球菌、巨大芽胞杆菌、枯草杆菌和革兰氏阴性菌主要为大肠杆菌、荧光假单胞杆菌:在真菌中主要用霉菌—黑曲霉、黄曲霉、变色曲霉、桔青霉、绿色木霉、球毛壳霉、宛氏拟青霉、腊叶芽枝霉和癣菌一石膏样毛癣菌、红色癬菌、紫色癬菌、铁锈色小抱子菌、袍子丝菌、白色念珠。
表3各实施例和对比例的同添加量母料的塑料外壳性能测试结果

Claims (3)

1.一种家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料，其特征在于，所述母料包括以下重量份数的原料：载体树脂89~118份、颜料11~33份、改性陶瓷微粉21~47份、抗菌剂10~20份、防老剂0.5~2份、加工助剂5~10份；其中，所述抗菌剂为空心介孔二氧化硅、空心介孔二氧化钛、银掺杂氧化锌沸石复合物、聚六亚甲基胍、吡啶硫铜锌以及异噻唑啉酮类抗菌剂的几种的混合物；所述防老剂为苯并咪唑系类防老剂、受阻酚类抗氧剂、对苯二胺类防老剂的一种或多种；所述加工助剂为EBS、PE蜡、硅烷偶联剂的混合物；所述载体树脂为聚乙烯/聚氨酯IPN材料、聚氨酯/乙烯醋酸乙烯酯IPN材料、POE、氧化乙烯中的一种或多种的混合物。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料，其特征在于，所述改性陶瓷微粉为压电陶瓷微粉经偶联剂表面偶联剂处理后与有机插层蒙脱土悬浮液均匀混合后，经真空干燥而得；所述压电陶瓷微粉为锆钛酸铅压电陶瓷微粉和NBBT陶瓷微粉和偏铌酸钾钠微粉的一种或多种。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料，其特征在于，其制备方法包括以下步骤:（1)将颜料、改性陶瓷微粉、抗菌剂和加工助剂按原料配比称量加入研磨机研磨细化；（2)将载体树脂、防老剂和步骤（1)得到的混合物料按原料配比一起加入高速混合机中混合均匀；（3)将步骤（2)得到的混合物料加入密炼机混炼挤出拉条，制粒，制得所述家电塑料外壳专用抗菌防老降噪母料。
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