CN108967284A - A kind of wintering method of Hirudo japonica - Google Patents
A kind of wintering method of Hirudo japonica Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108967284A CN108967284A CN201810741820.4A CN201810741820A CN108967284A CN 108967284 A CN108967284 A CN 108967284A CN 201810741820 A CN201810741820 A CN 201810741820A CN 108967284 A CN108967284 A CN 108967284A
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- Prior art keywords
- soil
- wintering
- hirudo japonica
- pond
- hirudo
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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- 241000237903 Hirudo Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 79
- 244000184734 Pyrus japonica Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 77
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 24
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 239000011449 brick Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004659 sterilization and disinfection Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 17
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000003958 fumigation Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 230000035611 feeding Effects 0.000 claims description 8
- 241000252185 Cobitidae Species 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000826860 Trapezium Species 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000645 desinfectant Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 claims 3
- 238000010025 steaming Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000010409 thin film Substances 0.000 claims 1
- 230000004083 survival effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 26
- 230000002155 anti-virotic effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 abstract description 3
- 241000545744 Hirudinea Species 0.000 description 9
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 101150054854 POU1F1 gene Proteins 0.000 description 4
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 3
- KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Peracetic acid Chemical compound CC(=O)OO KFSLWBXXFJQRDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229960000583 acetic acid Drugs 0.000 description 2
- 239000012362 glacial acetic acid Substances 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241001262617 Japonica Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000005273 aeration Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011888 foil Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000002485 formyl group Chemical class [H]C(*)=O 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011504 laterite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001710 laterite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 1
- 241000894007 species Species 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; AVICULTURE; APICULTURE; PISCICULTURE; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/40—Culture of aquatic animals of annelids, e.g. lugworms or Eunice
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Animal Husbandry (AREA)
- Biodiversity & Conservation Biology (AREA)
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of method of passing the winter of Hirudo japonica, mainly includes the following steps: 1) to select overwintering soil；2) disinfection of soil；3) disinfection of cement pit and brick；4) wintering pond (2) are built；5) humidity regulation of soil；6) dispensing of Hirudo japonica；7) it illuminates.Antivirus processing is carried out for use by choosing suitable soil, and by soil.It builds side and adjusts the humidity of soil so that overwintering soil has certain gradient for trapezoidal wintering pond, it is edible for Hirudo japonica to supplement suitable food, it is aided with lighting hours appropriate, construction is conducive to the overwintering good environment of Hirudo japonica, improves the overwintering survival rate of Hirudo japonica with this.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of wintering methods of Hirudo japonica, belong to the artificial culture technology field of Hirudo japonica.
Background technique
Hirudo japonica is the animal that Yi Zhi section cures that leech belongs to, popular name hirudo nipponica, leech, line leech, leech, Japan's doctor's water
Leech.Be distributed in Japan, the Far East Area of Russia, Mongolia and China's Mainland North gets northeast each province, the Inner Mongol, west to four
The ground such as river, Gansu, the Guangdong Nan Da are generally inhabited in paddy field and its irrigation canals and ditches communicated therewith, pond and marsh and are especially
Quantity is most in the waterlogged plot and field heart of long-term ponding or impeded drainage.The type locality of the species is in Japan.
Currently, the overwintering mode of Hirudo japonica has artificial overwintering such as overwintering in the pond of greenhouse, in greenhouse
Soil quality cannot be guaranteed, therefore the survival rate of Hirudo japonica is lower.In addition, Hirudo japonica is overwintering in the natural environment, due to
The survival rate of natural environment deterioration, Hirudo japonica is relatively low, meanwhile, Hirudo japonica is scattered in each corner, it has not been convenient to Gong Renguan
Reason.
In view of this, those skilled in the art are dedicated to developing a kind of Hirudo japonica survival rate, concentration facilitates worker management
Wintering method.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides a kind of wintering method of Hirudo japonica, low to solve current Hirudo japonica Overwintering Survival Percentage, convenient
The problem of worker manages concentratedly.
In view of the above drawbacks of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of getting over for Hirudo japonica to solve above-mentioned technical problem
Winter method, includes the following steps:
1) overwintering soil is selected
Select loam；
2) disinfection of soil
Soil is exposed to the sun 5~10 days, fumigates the soil using fumigation liquid, the fumigation liquid is uniformly sprayed using shower
It spills, film is covered after mound, removes film after 5~10 days, the solute volatilization that soil spreads liquid to be fumigated out is finished；
3) disinfection of cement pit and brick
It is put into a cement pool by the full pond sprinkling of disinfectant, then by brick, and stores full water in cement pit, covered film 1~5 day
After remove film, use recirculated water cleaning cement pit and cement pit in brick；
4) wintering pond is built
Wintering pond is built along cement pool wall, and overwintering bottom of pond portion is paved with brick, and the height of wintering pond is 10~300cm and gets over
It is differed on the right of winter pond with the height on the wintering pond left side, soil is filled up into wintering pond, the standard of the wintering pond amount of soil is 300
~500kg/m3；
5) humidity regulation of soil
Water-storage depth is 5~50 ㎝ after soil is filled up wintering pond, to form recirculated water moist soil；
6) dispensing of Hirudo japonica
The soil of wintering pond is divided into gully, Hirudo japonica is invested in the soil surface of wintering pond；
7) it illuminates
Indoors artificial a length of 10~20 hour/day when illuminating.
In another optional embodiment, wintering pond side right-angled trapezium, the bevel edge of the right-angled trapezium is
It is ladder-like.
In another optional embodiment, the bevel edge and horizontal plane of the right-angled trapezium be formed by angle be 10~
50°。
In another optional embodiment, the height of the wintering pond is 40~50 ㎝, and the wintering pond is native
The standard of earth is 350~450kg/m3。
In another optional embodiment, water-storage depth is 10~15 ㎝, the day after soil is filled up wintering pond
1400~2000 Wei/㎡ of throw-in density of this doctor leech.
In another optional embodiment, the fumigation liquid fumigates the soil, the first using formaldehyde fumigation liquid
Aldehyde concentration is 30~70ml/m3, 6~12L of water is added to be diluted to fumigation liquid.
In another optional embodiment, damp soil in wintering pond is divided into ditch laterally or longitudinally arranged side by side
Gully.
In another optional embodiment, the weight of the Hirudo japonica is 1~5g.
In another optional embodiment, each wintering pond launches 1~5 loach for Hirudo japonica feeding.
It is primary every 4~6 days feedings in another optional embodiment, select the morning 10~12 point to carry out feeding.
Beneficial effects of the present invention: using the wintering method of Hirudo japonica involved by the present invention, by choosing suitable soil
Earth, and soil is subjected to antivirus processing for use.Building side is trapezoidal wintering pond, so that wintering pond soil has certain inclination
Degree, adjusts the humidity of soil, supplements suitable food and eats for Hirudo japonica, is aided with lighting hours appropriate, construction is conducive to
The overwintering good environment of Hirudo japonica improves the overwintering survival rate of Hirudo japonica with this.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the top view of the wintering pond in a kind of wintering method of Hirudo japonica involved by the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the side view of the wintering pond in a kind of wintering method of Hirudo japonica involved by the present invention；
Wherein 1 indicate cement pit；2 indicate wintering pond；21 indicate on the right of wintering pond；22 indicate wintering pond bevel edge；23 indicate
The wintering pond left side.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution in embodiment in order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, and make of the invention real
The above objects, features, and advantages for applying example can be more obvious and easy to understand, with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples makees the present invention into one
Walk explanation, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the instructions such as term " on ", "lower", "left", "right", "inner", "outside"
Orientation or positional relationship is to be based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is merely for convenience of the description present invention and simplification is retouched
It states, rather than the device or element of indication or suggestion meaning must have a particular orientation, construct and operate in a particular manner,
Therefore it is not considered as limiting the invention.Term " first ", " second ", " third " etc. are used for description purposes only, and cannot
It is interpreted as indication or suggestion relative importance.
In order to solve the above technical problems, a kind of wintering method of Hirudo japonica according to the present invention, using aeration and
The loam (laterite, red earth, red soil and yellow earth) of all relatively uniform degree of water-retaining property is more preferably to select.Separately also require loam not by
It pollutes and worked.Selected soil is first exposed to the sun 7 days or so by the disinfection for soil, then utilizes formaldehyde fumigation method, institute
It states fumigation liquid and the soil is fumigated using formaldehyde fumigation liquid, the concentration of formaldehyde is 30~70ml/m3, 6~12L of water is added to be diluted to
Fumigation liquid preferably selects concentration of formaldehyde for 50ml/m3When, add water 10L water.The solute of the fumigation liquid may be the third two
Alcohol.The disinfectant can be glacial acetic acid, Peracetic acid, potassium permanganate or other disinfectants, preferably select glacial acetic acid, concentration
For 20~40ml/m3, covering removes film after film two days, 2 days, and cleans cement pit 1 and wintering pond 2 with recirculated water.
It for building for wintering pond 2, is built by 1 pool wall of cement pit, the bottom of wintering pond 2 is paved with brick, is highly
40~50 ㎝, the height of wintering pond 2 is 10~300cm and the height on wintering pond the right 21 and the wintering pond left side 23 differs, length and width
It is determined according to the size of cement pit 1.Then the soil after disinfection is directly filled up into wintering pond 2.
The weight of the soil of every square metre of wintering pond see the table below
1 Hirudo japonica Overwintering And Survival table of table
For analyzing it is found that when the weight of every square metre of wintering pond soil is 200 for upper table, the survival rate of Hirudo japonica is most
It is low, it is 90%；When the weight of every square metre of wintering pond soil is 400, the survival rate highest of Hirudo japonica is 98%.Therefore it is optional
The weight for selecting the soil of every square metre of wintering pond is 400~600kg, preferably, selects the weight of the soil of every square metre of wintering pond
Amount is 400kg.
The selection of cement pit 1 on the sunny side, the plot of wind sheltering, soil is loam or fertile soil, and the water content of soil is 30~40%,
PH value is 5~9, salt content≤1%, is laid with plastic foil water proof in pond.Cement pit 1 sets inlet and outlet and is arranged 70 respectively
~90 mesh nets, 1 bottom of pond of cement pit set sewage draining exit.
Adjusting for soil moisture, after soil is filled up wintering pond 2,10~15cm of water storage is wet to form recirculated water
Soil, the preferred water-storage depth for selecting 12cm.Soil moisture standard is pinched agglomerating with hand, and unclamping to dissipate is advisable, unsuitable overly moist, no
Suitable overdrying.
Damp soil in wintering pond 2 is divided into gully, damp soil in wintering pond 2 is divided into laterally or longitudinally side by side
Gully.It should be noted that the gully being divided into, can be linear gully, or curved shape gully.
For the throw-in density of overwintering Hirudo japonica, see the table below:
2 Hirudo japonica Overwintering And Survival table of table
For the analysis of upper table, it is known that when launching 1600 tail Hirudo japonica in every square metre of soil, Hirudo japonica is overwintering
Survival rate it is higher, reached 99%.Therefore preferably every square metre 1600 tail Hirudo japonicas of dispensing.
For the illumination duration of overwintering Hirudo japonica, specifically see the table below:
3 Hirudo japonica Overwintering And Survival table of table
The considerations of for power cost, the time of indoors artificial illumination is daily 5 hours, more winter under normal circumstances
The survival rate of this doctor leech is not high, but too long 24 hour/day of lighting hours, the survival rate of Hirudo japonica be not also high.To upper table
It is analyzed it is found that if indoors artificial illumination duration can be 10~20 hours/day, it is preferred that 15 hours/day of selection, Japan
The survival rate for curing leech is then higher.Without particular/special requirement if wintering pond 2 build outdoor in.
The injected volume of Hirudo japonica food between Wintering Period see the table below
4 Hirudo japonica Overwintering And Survival table of table
Upper table is analyzed it is found that when launching 1 loach Hirudo japonica survival rate be 85%, launch 3 loach
Survival rate is 98%, at this point, the survival rate highest of Hirudo japonica.Therefore 2~3 loach can be launched for being unearthed in each wintering pond 2
Hirudo japonica feeding, preferably select 3 loach.
For the release time interval of Hirudo japonica food between Wintering Period, see the table below:
5 Hirudo japonica Overwintering And Survival table of table
The survival of Hirudo japonica it is found that when being divided into 2 days the release time of Hirudo japonica food is analyzed upper table
Rate is minimum, is 85%；When being divided into 6 days between the release time of Hirudo japonica food, the survival rate highest of Hirudo japonica is
98%.Therefore, primary every 4~6 days feedings, preferably it is divided into 6 days between the release time of selection Hirudo japonica food.
For the release time point of overwintering Hirudo japonica food, specifically see the table below:
6 Hirudo japonica Overwintering And Survival table of table
Upper table is analyzed it is found that when the release time of overwintering Hirudo japonica food be 8 when, the survival of Hirudo japonica
Rate minimum 90%；When the release time of overwintering Hirudo japonica food is 12, the survival rate of Hirudo japonica is up to 97%.
Therefore preferably, the food of overwintering Hirudo japonica is launched in selection when 12 select.
Summary according to inventor to routine work experience, inventor from which further follow that conclusion, using involved by the present invention
The wintering method of Hirudo japonica carries out antivirus processing for use by choosing suitable soil, and by soil.It is trapezoidal for building side
Wintering pond 2 make 2 soil of wintering pond have certain gradient, adjust the humidity of soil, supplement suitable food for Japan cure
Leech is edible, is aided with lighting hours appropriate, construction is conducive to the overwintering good environment of Hirudo japonica, improves Hirudo japonica with this
Overwintering survival rate.
The preferred embodiment of the present invention has been described in detail above.It should be appreciated that those skilled in the art without
It needs creative work according to the present invention can conceive and makes many modifications and variations.Therefore, all technologies in the art
Personnel are available by logical analysis, reasoning, or a limited experiment on the basis of existing technology under this invention's idea
Technical solution, all should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of wintering method of Hirudo japonica, which comprises the steps of:
1) overwintering soil is selected
Select loam；
2) disinfection of soil
Soil is exposed to the sun 5~10 days, fumigates the soil using fumigation liquid, fumigation liquid is sprayed using shower, is covered after mound thin
Film removed film after 5~10 days, and the solute volatilization that soil spreads liquid to be fumigated out is finished；
3) disinfection of cement pit (1) and brick
It is put into a cement pool by the full pond sprinkling of disinfectant, then by brick, and stores full water in cement pit (1), covered film 1~5 day
After remove film, use recirculated water cleaning cement pit (1) and cement pit (1) in brick；
4) wintering pond (2) are built
Wintering pond (2) is built along cement pit (1) wall, and wintering pond (2) bottom is paved with brick, and the height of wintering pond (2) is 10~
The height on 300cm and wintering pond the right (21) and the wintering pond left side (22) differs, and soil is filled up wintering pond (2), described overwintering
The standard of pond (2) amount of soil is 300~500kg/m3；
5) humidity regulation of soil
Soil is filled up wintering pond (2), and water-storage depth is 5~50 ㎝ afterwards, to form recirculated water moist soil；
6) dispensing of Hirudo japonica
Wintering pond (2) interior damp soil is divided into gully, Hirudo japonica is invested in the soil surface of wintering pond (2)；
7) it illuminates
Indoors artificial a length of 10~20 hour/day when illuminating.
2. the wintering method of Hirudo japonica according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: wintering pond (2) the side right angle
Trapezoidal, the bevel edge (22) of the right-angled trapezium is ladder-like.
3. the wintering method of Hirudo japonica according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the bevel edge (22) of the right-angled trapezium
Being formed by angle with horizontal plane is 10~50 °.
4. the wintering method of Hirudo japonica according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: the height of the wintering pond (2) is
40~50 ㎝, and the standard of the wintering pond (2) soil is 350~450kg/m3。
5. the wintering method of Hirudo japonica according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: soil is filled up wintering pond (2)
Water-storage depth is 10~15 ㎝, 1400~2000 Wei/㎡ of throw-in density of the Hirudo japonica afterwards.
6. the wintering method of Hirudo japonica according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the fumigation liquid is smoked using formaldehyde
Steaming liquid fumigates the soil, and the concentration of formaldehyde is 30~70ml/m3, 6~12L of water is added to be diluted to fumigation liquid.
7. the wintering method of Hirudo japonica according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: by what is moistened in wintering pond (2)
Soil is divided into gully laterally or longitudinally arranged side by side.
8. the wintering method of Hirudo japonica according to claim 7, it is characterised in that: the weight of the Hirudo japonica is
1~5g.
9. the wintering method of Hirudo japonica according to claim 8, it is characterised in that: each wintering pond (2) launches 1~5
Loach is for Hirudo japonica feeding.
10. according to the wintering method of Hirudo japonica described in claim 7 or 8 or 9, it is characterised in that: every 4~6 days feedings
Once, the selection morning 10~12 point carry out feeding.
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| CN201810741820.4A CN108967284A (en) | 2018-07-09 | 2018-07-09 | A kind of wintering method of Hirudo japonica |
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Cited By (2)
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| CN110692560A (en) * | 2019-10-31 | 2020-01-17 | 南宁市净雪皇生物工程有限公司 | Greenhouse overwintering method for artificially breeding poecilobdella manillensis |
| CN110881438A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-17 | 安徽冠禅生物科技有限公司 | Be used for heat retaining breeding device of overwintering in leech cultivation |
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| CN110881438A (en) * | 2019-12-27 | 2020-03-17 | 安徽冠禅生物科技有限公司 | Be used for heat retaining breeding device of overwintering in leech cultivation |
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