CN108967086A - Method for improving emergence rate of direct-seeded rice seeds - Google Patents
Method for improving emergence rate of direct-seeded rice seeds Download PDFInfo
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- CN108967086A CN108967086A CN201810877614.6A CN201810877614A CN108967086A CN 108967086 A CN108967086 A CN 108967086A CN 201810877614 A CN201810877614 A CN 201810877614A CN 108967086 A CN108967086 A CN 108967086A
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- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 56
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 title 1
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 101
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 238000009331 sowing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 46
- 238000010899 nucleation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 37
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 claims description 30
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 19
- 238000007790 scraping Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 239000003814 drug Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000378 calcium silicate Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 229910052918 calcium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N calcium;dioxido(oxo)silane Chemical compound [Ca+2].[O-][Si]([O-])=O OYACROKNLOSFPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 5
- KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K calcium;magnesium;phosphate Chemical compound [Mg+2].[Ca+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O KMQAPZBMEMMKSS-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002360 explosive Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000003415 peat Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 235000003140 Panax quinquefolius Nutrition 0.000 claims 1
- 240000005373 Panax quinquefolius Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000700159 Rattus Species 0.000 abstract 1
- 206010042496 Sunburn Diseases 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000007226 seed germination Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 230000035784 germination Effects 0.000 description 10
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 4
- 235000019082 Osmanthus Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 241000333181 Osmanthus Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000003705 Senecio vulgaris Species 0.000 description 2
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000013011 mating Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- -1 35 parts of sawdust Substances 0.000 description 1
- OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Calcium Chemical compound [Ca] OYPRJOBELJOOCE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000001154 acute effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052791 calcium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011575 calcium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 description 1
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003780 insertion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000037431 insertion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012876 topography Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G22/00—Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
- A01G22/20—Cereals
- A01G22/22—Rice
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01B—SOIL WORKING IN AGRICULTURE OR FORESTRY; PARTS, DETAILS, OR ACCESSORIES OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINES OR IMPLEMENTS, IN GENERAL
- A01B49/00—Combined machines
- A01B49/04—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools
- A01B49/06—Combinations of soil-working tools with non-soil-working tools, e.g. planting tools for sowing or fertilising
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01C—PLANTING; SOWING; FERTILISING
- A01C21/00—Methods of fertilising, sowing or planting
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01M—CATCHING, TRAPPING OR SCARING OF ANIMALS; APPARATUS FOR THE DESTRUCTION OF NOXIOUS ANIMALS OR NOXIOUS PLANTS
- A01M7/00—Special adaptations or arrangements of liquid-spraying apparatus for purposes covered by this subclass
- A01M7/0025—Mechanical sprayers
- A01M7/0032—Pressure sprayers
- A01M7/0042—Field sprayers, e.g. self-propelled, drawn or tractor-mounted
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05B—PHOSPHATIC FERTILISERS
- C05B13/00—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials
- C05B13/02—Fertilisers produced by pyrogenic processes from phosphatic materials from rock phosphates
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Environmental Sciences (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Insects & Arthropods (AREA)
- Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Botany (AREA)
- Sowing (AREA)
Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of rice planting, and particularly provides a method for improving the emergence rate of direct-seeding rice seeds. After sowing, covering a layer of seed covering fertilizer on the surface of the rice seeds, wherein the seed covering fertilizer is soft in texture, mild in property and strong in nutrient component needle property, and can provide physical protection, prevent sunburn and damage of rats and birds and provide proper physicochemical conditions for seed germination and seedling emergence when covering the direct-seeded rice seeds.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to Rice Cropping technical fields, specifically provide a kind of side for improving direct seading rice seeding ratio
Method.
Background technique
Direct sowing of rice is the simple and laborsaving cultivation technology an of saving of work and time.The emergence rate for guaranteeing field seed after being broadcast live, is water
One of successful key technology of direct sowing of rice.Existing direct sowing of rice method is usually directly to be seeded in rice paddy seed on paddy field,
After planting not blinding, seed directly it is exposed outside；After planting the granular fertilizers such as compound fertilizer usually are applied beside sowing row.In water
Under conditions of kind, Mechanical direct sowing or artificial broadcast are either used, germination emergence can all be influenced by three factors:
(1) harm of mouse and birds；(2) the strong light of summer high temperature will also result in seed put down it is withered dead；(3) when machine-walking wheel and
The mud that Times leveling device extrudes may cover the last round of seed broadcast, these seeds is caused to be suffocated by mud.
Current direct sowing of rice functions of the equipments are single, and after planting emergence rate is not high.Common paddy field land leveler is difficult to water
At the requirement for meeting direct seeding emergence, and when machine-walking, the wheel mud that pacifically device extrudes may cover one to field surface evening
The good seed of carousel, influences seed sprouting.In addition, the matched fertilizer apparatus of existing paddy planter is generally pertaining only to apply particle
The compound fertilizer of shape, when applying lightweight organic fertilizer, it is easy to blockage phenomenon.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is overcoming drawbacks described above, a kind of method improving direct seading rice seeding ratio is provided, is passed through
Adjustment fertilizer formula improves fertilization mode and researches and develops the measures such as matched direct sowing of rice equipment, guarantees the smooth germinating to seedling of seed,
Field germination rate is 80% or more, and seedling growth is uniform, healthy and strong, lays the foundation for Direct-seeding Rice stable high yield.
Technical solution of the present invention: a method of improving direct seading rice seeding ratio, it is characterised in that: sowing rice
After seed, one layer of lid seed manure is covered in Rice Seed Surface, the lid seed manure includes following parts by weight ingredient: decomposed manure
30-40 parts, 30-40 parts of sawdust, 10-15 parts of peat soil, 5-10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium silicate fertilizer and/or 5-10 parts of boron fertilizer.
This lid seed manure quality is soft, and bulk density is appropriate, and composition property is mild, will not injure germination emergence.Wherein, decomposed
Organic fertilizer can provide organic nutrition element.Sawdust can increase porosity, air needed for guaranteeing germination.Peat soil (sandy loam)
Rong Chong can be increased.Calcium magnesium phosphate can provide nutrient calcium and phosphorus.Calcium silicate fertilizer and/or boron fertilizer provide the rice preferences such as silicon, boron
Microelement.Lid seed manure covers direct seading rice seed, can provide physical protection, prevents day from burning, birdseed, and can be germination
Emergence provides physico chemical factor appropriate, lays key foundation for direct seading rice stable high yield.
Further, the dosage of the lid seed manure is 180-220kg/ mus.Preferably, the dosage of the lid seed manure is
200kg/ mus.
Further, using paddy planter sow rice paddy seed, the paddy planter include rack, level land device,
Seeding apparatus and fertilizer apparatus, the level land device include the ditching device set gradually, mud-scraping apparatus peace furrow device；It is described
Ditching device includes the first sphere set on rack two sides, is equipped with the first locating shaft at the top of first sphere, before the rack
Portion is equipped with bearing slider, and first locating shaft is through the bearing slider and can move up and down with respect to bearing slider；It is described to scrape
Mud device is to scrape mud axis, described to scrape mud axis both ends to pass through connecting rod and spring hinged with rack；The flat furrow device is parallel
The round tube of mud axis setting is scraped, the tube ends are connect with housing slide, and the trench digging ring of convex is equipped at intervals on round tube.
First sphere can be used metal and be made into, and spherome surface chromium plating keeps its surface smooth.First sphere falls by self weight,
With the advance of seed-sowing machine, two row ditches are outputed on paddy field surface.First sphere is moved up and down also according to the soft or hard degree in paddy field,
Keep the row ditch depth outputed suitable.Meanwhile sphere is also freely rotatable, it will not a large amount of mud of silting.It scrapes mud axis and rack is cut with scissors
It connects, when paddy field surface is lower, rack lifting scrapes mud axis and do not scrape mud under the pressure of own wt or only scrape a small amount of mud；
When soil surface is higher, rack decline, and lower pressing spring, the mud for scraping mud axis scraping eminence is further pushed, paddy field table is made
Face is substantially smooth, while filling and leading up the rut of tractor.The setting of round tube with trench digging ring not only facilitates trench digging but also can reduce resistance,
The height of round tube can also adjust up and down according to the height of topography.The rubber ring that trench digging ring can stick into 1-2 cm thick with anchor ear is made into.
Further, first sphere is hollow structure, is equipped with water injection hole at the top of the first sphere.When soil is partially hard,
It can pour water and increase weight, in ooze operating above ground, release water therein, mitigate weight, keep the row ditch depth outputed suitable.
Further, the mud axis both ends of scraping are additionally provided with mud guard, the mud guard be it is rectangular, from front to back diagonally downward
Setting.The setting of mud guard can prevent from scraping and mud is poured into the kind sub-line that side has been sowed when mud axis scrapes mud site preparation, prevent
Seed is suffocated by mud.
Further, the two sides of methods, rack are equipped with the second sphere after the round tube, are equipped with second at the top of second sphere
Locating shaft, the rack rear portion also are provided with bearing slider, and second locating shaft runs through the bearing slider and can be with respect to bearing
Sliding block moves up and down；The round tube is fixedly connected by connecting plate with the second locating shaft.Second sphere not only can further paddle, but also
Round tube can be enable according to the adjustment up and down of earth's surface height.
Further, the seeding apparatus includes containing plants case, seed fetching equipment and grain conductor, and the seed fetching equipment includes taking kind
Room and take kind of a spoon, it is described that kind of ceiling portion is taken to be connected with plants case is contained, take kind of room side equipped with taking kind of a mouth；The outer side-lower of kind of mouth is taken to be equipped with
Mouth is planted out, and kind of the mouth out is connected with grain conductor；It takes in the rack on the outside of kind of mouth, go out to be equipped with abutment sleeve above kind of mouth, it is described
Helical form hollow out slot is provided on abutment sleeve；Described to take kind of a spoon include kettleholder and spoon slot, and the kettleholder is equipped with perforation, institute
It states kettleholder to be sheathed in abutment sleeve, and is flexibly connected by pitman with abutment sleeve, one end of the pitman, which is pierced by, engraves
Empty slot, and drive it to move back and forth along hollow out slot by reciprocating drive unit.
When pitman travels forward, kettleholder travels forward, and the insertion of spoon slot is taken kind of an interior, seed is packed into spoon slot；
When pitman moves backward, kettleholder moves backward, and flips to one side, spoon slot takes seed out of take kind of room after, due to spoon slot
Inclination, seed fall into grain conductor under gravity, and grain conductor outlet end is directed at the seed furrow held successfully, and seed is by design
Line-spacing and spacing in the rows are sown into field.Seeding apparatus is sowed using convertible signed-off sample spoon, is not susceptible to block, and can preferably control and broadcast
Kind amount, the seeding row spacing of sowing can also be adjusted flexibly., can be by adjusting the installation site of pitman when to adjustment line-spacing, it can also
It is realized by the position of mobile grain conductor outlet；Also there are many modes for the adjustment of spacing in the rows, that is, change and take the size of kind of spoon, adjust
Take the flip angle of kind of spoon, the revolving speed for adjusting input power etc..
Further, the second positioning between centers of rack two sides is additionally provided with the sowing shaft for being parallel to round tube, in the sowing shaft
Interval setting planter box, the planter box by tied rope or snap ring with sowing shaft is detachable is connected, the grain conductor end is slotting
Put in planter box.Planter box can closely round tube be arranged, and the bottom of planter box is slightly above the bottom of round tube, block up mud will not
That fills in planter box goes out kind of a mouth.
Further, the fertilizer apparatus includes fertilizer box, fertilizer apparatus and fertilizer guiding tube, the fertilizer box bottom interval setting
There is defertilizing opening, the fertilizer expelling shaft through fertilizer box is provided with above defertilizing opening, the fertilizer expelling shaft is equipped with helical blade, the spiral
Blade adds right-hand screw to be that a unit is set gradually by left-hand screw；The fertilizer apparatus interval is arranged, is corresponding with defertilizing opening, adjacent
Fertilizer apparatus by through fertilizer apparatus adjustment axis be connected, the fertilizer expelling shaft and adjustment axis pass through gear and chain and power respectively
Output shaft is connected；The fertilizer guiding tube end by tied rope or buckle be fixed in sowing shaft, planter box rear.
The setting of fertilizer expelling shaft with helical blade can stir fertilizer, make fertilizer smoothly lower row.A left side is set gradually on fertilizer expelling shaft
Helical blade and right-hand screw blade, compared to unidirectional helical blade is only arranged, fertilizer will not be accumulated to fertilizer box side, fertilizer
Fertilizer in hopper can all be discharged from defertilizing opening, reduce manual intervention, improve fertilising efficiency.
It further, further include chemical spraying device, the chemical spraying device includes explosive barrel, electric water pump and medicine spraying tube；The machine
Frame rear portion is equipped with crossbeam, and medicine spraying tube is wrapped on the crossbeam, is arranged at intervals with nozzle on the medicine spraying tube.The medicine spraying tube can
It is made of high-pressure plastic hose, compared with metal tube, cost can be reduced and be not easy to plug.
The invention has the advantages that the lid seed manure quality of 1, this method selection is soft, property is mild, nutritional ingredient needle is strong, covering
Direct seading rice seed can provide physical protection, prevent day from burning, birdseed, and can emerge for germination and provide physics and chemistry appropriate
Condition lays key foundation for direct seading rice stable high yield.
2, mating dedicated paddy planter comes level land, sowing, fertilising and spray, substantially increases sowing efficiency, and energy
The rut for striking off tractor extrusion, makes the mud scraped flow into furrow ditch, avoids seed from being flooded by mud and suffocate.Wherein, trench digging is used
Hollow sphere can freely up and down slide, and weight-adjustable section influences the depth for outputing furrow ditch by the paddy field depth；Meanwhile
Sphere is freely rotatable, will not a large amount of mud of silting.Scrape mud axis leans on the pressure of self weight and spring to position respectively, can be according to rice field
Surface height flexible modulation is easy to strike off in rice field；Mating mud guard simultaneously, can prevent from scraping when mud axis scrapes mud site preparation and fill mud
In the kind sub-line sowed to side.
3, fertilizer apparatus is improved, fertilizing box is arranged the fertilizer expelling shaft with helical blade, can stir lid seed manure, keep lid seed manure smooth
Lower row.Left-hand screw blade and right-hand screw blade are set gradually on fertilizer expelling shaft, compared to unidirectional helical blade, fertilizer is only arranged
It will not be accumulated to fertilizer box side, the fertilizer in fertilizer box can all be discharged from defertilizing opening, reduce manual intervention, improve fertilising effect
Rate.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of this paddy planter.
Fig. 2 is the side structure schematic diagram of this paddy planter.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of seed fetching equipment.
Fig. 4 is the structural schematic diagram for taking kind of spoon.
Fig. 5 is the top view of fertilizing box.
Drawing reference numeral in figure are as follows: 1- rack, 2- seeding apparatus, 3- fertilizer apparatus, 4- chemical spraying device, 5- ditching device,
6- mud-scraping apparatus, the flat furrow device of 7-, the first sphere of 8-, the first locating shaft of 9-, 10- bearing slider, 11- scrape mud axis, 12- connection
Bar, 13- spring, 14- water injection hole, 15- mud guard, 16- round tube, 17- trench digging ring, the second sphere of 18-, the second locating shaft of 19-,
20- connecting plate, 21- contain plants case, 22- seed fetching equipment, 23- grain conductor, and 24- takes kind of a room, and 25- takes kind of a spoon, 251- kettleholder, and 252- spoons
Slot, 26- take kind of a mouth, and kind of a mouth, 28- abutment sleeve, 29- hollow out slot, 30-'s 27- perforate out, 31- pitman, 32- sowing shaft,
33- planter box, 34- fertilizer box, 35- fertilizer apparatus, 36- fertilizer guiding tube, 37- defertilizing opening, 38- fertilizer expelling shaft, 39- helical blade, 40- tune
Nodal axisn, 41- power output shaft, 42- explosive barrel, 43- electric water pump, 44- medicine spraying tube, 45- crossbeam.
Specific embodiment
Present invention will be further explained below with reference to specific examples.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figs. 1-5, a kind of paddy planter, including rack 1, level land device, seeding apparatus 2, fertilizer apparatus 3 and spray dress
4 are set, the level land device includes the ditching device 5 set gradually, the peaceful furrow device 7 of mud-scraping apparatus 6.
The ditching device 5 includes the first sphere 8 set on 1 two sides of rack, and it is fixed to be equipped with first at the top of first sphere 8
Position axis 9,1 front of rack are equipped with bearing slider 10, and first locating shaft 9 runs through the bearing slider 10 and can relative axle
Sliding block 10 is held to move up and down.The mud-scraping apparatus 6 scrapes mud axis 11 to be rectangular, and 11 both ends of mud axis of scraping pass through 12 He of connecting rod
Spring 13 and rack 1 are hinged.First sphere 8 is hollow structure, is equipped with water injection hole 14 at the top of the first sphere 8.When soil is inclined
When hard, it can pour water in water injection hole 14 and increase weight, in ooze operating above ground, release water therein, mitigate weight, make out
The row ditch depth out is suitable.First sphere 8 is made into metal, and metal ball chrome-faced keeps its surface smooth, reduces resistance.
The mud-scraping apparatus 6 is to scrape mud axis 11, and 11 both ends of mud axis of scraping pass through connecting rod 12 and spring 13 and rack 1
Hingedly.11 both ends of mud axis of scraping are additionally provided with mud guard 15, the mud guard 15 be it is rectangular, from front to back it is at an acute angle diagonally downward
Setting.Mud guard 15 can prevent from scraping and mud is poured into the kind sub-line that side has been sowed when mud axis 11 scrapes mud site preparation, prevent mud
Slurry suffocates seed.
The flat furrow device 7 is the round tube 16 for scraping the setting of mud axis 11 in parallel, and 16 both ends of round tube and the sliding of rack 1 connect
It connects, the trench digging ring 17 of convex is equipped at intervals on round tube 16.The rubber ring that trench digging ring 17 can stick into 1-2 cm thick with anchor ear is done
At.The two sides of methods, rack 1 are equipped with the second sphere 18 after the round tube 16, are equipped with the second locating shaft at the top of second sphere 18
19,1 rear portion of rack also is provided with bearing slider 10, and second locating shaft 19 runs through the bearing slider 10 and can relative axle
Sliding block 10 is held to move up and down.The sowing shaft 32 for being parallel to round tube 16, the circle are additionally provided between second locating shaft 19 of 1 two sides of rack
Pipe 16 is fixedly connected by connecting plate 20 with sowing shaft 32.
The seeding apparatus 2 includes containing plants case 21, seed fetching equipment 22 and grain conductor 23, and the seed fetching equipment 22 includes taking kind
Room 24 and take kind of spoon 25, it is described that 24 top of kind of room is taken to be connected with plants case 21 is contained, take 24 side of kind of room equipped with taking kind of mouth 26；Take kind of a mouth
26 outer side-lowers are equipped with kind of a mouth 28, and kind of the mouth 27 out is connected with grain conductor 23；It takes in the rack 1 in 26 outside of kind of mouth, go out kind
27 top of mouth is equipped with abutment sleeve 28, is provided with helical form hollow out slot 29 on the abutment sleeve 28；It is described that kind of spoon 25 is taken to wrap
Kettleholder 251 and spoon slot 252 are included, the kettleholder 251 is equipped with perforation 30, and the kettleholder 251 is sheathed in abutment sleeve 28, and is led to
It crosses pitman 31 to be flexibly connected with abutment sleeve 28, one end of the pitman 31 is pierced by hollow out slot 29, and by back and forth driving
Device drives it to move back and forth along hollow out slot 29.Interval setting planter box 33, the planter box in sowing shaft 32 described in rack
33 by U-shaped card ring with sowing shaft 32 is detachable is connected, 23 end of grain conductor insert in planter box 33.The sowing
Cylinder 33 is set to 32 front of sowing shaft, the closely setting of round tube 16, and the bottom of planter box 33 is slightly above the bottom of round tube 16, makes mud
The outlet of planter box 33 will not be blocked.
The fertilizer apparatus 3 includes fertilizer box 34, fertilizer apparatus 35 and fertilizer guiding tube 37,34 bottom interval of the fertilizer box setting
There is defertilizing opening 37, the fertilizer expelling shaft 38 through fertilizer box 34 is provided with above defertilizing opening 37, the fertilizer expelling shaft 38 is equipped with helical-blade
Piece 39, the helical blade 39 add right-hand screw to be that a unit is set gradually by left-hand screw；The setting of the fertilizer apparatus 35 interval, with
Defertilizing opening 37 is corresponding, and adjacent fertilizer apparatus 35 is connected by the adjustment axis 40 through fertilizer apparatus 35, the fertilizer expelling shaft 38 and tune
Nodal axisn 40 is connected by gear and chain with power output shaft 41 respectively；Sowing is fixed on by tied rope in 36 end of fertilizer guiding tube
On axis 32,33 rear of planter box.Both it first after planting applied fertilizer, and was covered on fertilizer on the seed sowed.
The chemical spraying device 4 includes explosive barrel 42, electric water pump 43 and medicine spraying tube 44, and the medicine spraying tube 44 is equipped with nozzle
45.1 rear portion of rack is equipped with crossbeam 45, and the high-pressure plastic hose of medicine spraying tube 44 is wrapped on the crossbeam 45, with gold
Belong to pipe to compare, cost can be reduced and be not easy to plug.
In use, this seeder and tractor are connected and fixed.The explosive barrel is also disposed on tractor.Tractor is in field
Between when walking, tractor drives this seeder forward, and ditching device 5 is ditched, and mud-scraping apparatus 6 strikes off mud, then flat furrow dress
7 are set to start.Seeding apparatus 2 and fertilizer apparatus 3 start simultaneously, are multicast to seed in sowing row along planter box 33；Then, lid seed manure
It is discharged, is covered on the seed sowed along fertilizer guiding tube 36.Then chemical spraying device 4 sprays to plot, closes weeds.
Embodiment 2
A method of direct seading rice seeding ratio is improved, is included the following steps:
(1) prepare fertilizer: ten days or so prior to seeding, various lid seed manure ingredients needed for getting ready in advance sowed the previous day, by ingredient
It mixes in proportion.Manually stir mixing repeatedly with spades.The lid seed manure is made of following parts by weight ingredient: decomposed manure 40
Part, 30 parts of sawdust, 15 parts of peat soil, 5 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 5 parts of calcium silicate fertilizer, 5 parts of boron fertilizer.
(2) site preparation: rice field is flattened, bleeds off ponding, keeps rice field surface i.e. competent without obvious ponding, and not by first 2 days of sowing
It splits.
(3) test-run a machine: planting with sowing machine described in embodiment 1 is used.Before sowing, after tractor is gone to the field, sowing is not started first
Driving force of applying fertilizer decides whether to add water into hollow metal sphere, while according to arable layer according to the hardness on rice field surface
The depth that the depth and wheel sink, adjusts the height of rack.
(4) it sows: when sowing, lid seed manure being packed into the fertilizer box 34 of fertilizer apparatus 3, start seeding and fertilizing power, fertilising
The fertilizer expelling shaft 38 and 40 axis of adjustment axis of device 3 rotate simultaneously, lid seed manure are discharged into fertilizer guiding tube 36, fertilizer guiding tube 36 is led with seeder
Point-blank, sowing is preceding, and rear, lid seed manure covers seed for fertilising for the arrangement of kind of pipe 23.The flow of fertilizer apparatus 34 is adjusted,
Seed is just covered with fertilizer, seed is advisable without exposed.Kg/ mus of the dosage of lid seed manure about 180.In seeding process, machine turning
When, lift carriage 1 closes seeding and fertilizing driving force, when entering straight line walking, restarts the power.
In April, 2018, in Nanning Longan County, direct seading rice kind " educating No. 9 in osmanthus ", seed are basic according to the above method
Germination percentage is 92%, and field germination planting percent is 87% after sowing 15 days, and rice seedling growing way is strong.
Embodiment 3
A method of direct seading rice seeding ratio is improved, is included the following steps:
(1) prepare fertilizer: ten days or so prior to seeding, various lid seed manure ingredients needed for getting ready in advance sowed the previous day, with stirring
Machine mixes ingredient in proportion.The lid seed manure is made of following parts by weight ingredient: 35 parts of decomposed manure, 35 parts of sawdust, and mud
10 parts, 10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, 5 parts of calcium silicate fertilizer, 5 parts of boron fertilizer of charcoal soil.
(2) site preparation: rice field is flattened, bleeds off ponding, keeps rice field surface i.e. competent without obvious ponding, and not by first 2 days of sowing
It splits.
(3) test-run a machine: planting with sowing machine described in embodiment 1 is used.Before sowing, after tractor is gone to the field, sowing is not started first
Driving force of applying fertilizer decides whether to add water into hollow metal sphere, while according to arable layer according to the hardness on rice field surface
The depth that the depth and wheel sink, adjusts the height of rack.
(4) it sows: when sowing, lid seed manure being packed into the fertilizer box 34 of fertilizer apparatus 3, start seeding and fertilizing power, fertilising
The fertilizer expelling shaft 38 and 40 axis of adjustment axis of device 3 rotate simultaneously, lid seed manure are discharged into fertilizer guiding tube 36, fertilizer guiding tube 36 is led with seeder
Point-blank, sowing is preceding, and rear, lid seed manure covers seed for fertilising for the arrangement of kind of pipe 23.The flow of fertilizer apparatus 34 is adjusted,
Seed is just covered with fertilizer, seed is advisable without exposed.Kg/ mus of the dosage of lid seed manure about 200.In seeding process, machine turning
When, lift carriage 1 closes seeding and fertilizing driving force, when entering straight line walking, restarts the power.
In April, 2018, in Nanning Longan County, direct seading rice kind " educating No. 9 in osmanthus ", seed are basic according to the above method
Germination percentage is 93%, and field germination planting percent is 89% after sowing 15 days, and rice seedling growing way is strong.
Comparative example 1
After routinely operation plows and rakes the soil level, using common paddy planter sowing with a collection of rice varieties, seed is exposed to water
Field surface, seed field germinating to seedling rate is 70% after after planting 15 days, and rice seedling growing way is weak.
It can be seen that special lid seed manure is covered in above the seed sowed, and using the seeder of independent research
It is sowed, the emergence rate of direct seading rice can be improved, and facilitate the growth of rice seedling, laid for direct seading rice stable high yield
Key foundation.
It should be understood that these examples are only for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.In addition, it should also be understood that,
After reading the content taught by the present invention, those skilled in the art can various modifications may be made or change to the present invention, these
Equivalent form is also fallen within the scope of the appended claims of the present application.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of method for improving direct seading rice seeding ratio, it is characterised in that: after sowing rice paddy seed, in rice seed sublist
Face covers one layer of lid seed manure, and the lid seed manure includes following parts by weight ingredient: 30-40 parts of decomposed manure, 30-40 parts of sawdust,
10-15 parts of peat soil, 5-10 parts of calcium magnesium phosphate, calcium silicate fertilizer and/or 5-10 parts of boron fertilizer.
2. improving the method for direct seading rice seeding ratio as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: the use of the lid seed manure
Amount is 180-220kg/ mus.
3. improving the method for direct seading rice seeding ratio as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: use paddy planter
Rice paddy seed is sowed, the paddy planter includes rack, level land device, seeding apparatus and fertilizer apparatus, the level land device
Including ditching device, the mud-scraping apparatus peace furrow device set gradually；The ditching device includes set on the first of rack two sides
Sphere, the first sphere top are equipped with the first locating shaft, and the frame front is equipped with bearing slider, and first locating shaft passes through
It wears the bearing slider and can be moved up and down with respect to bearing slider；The mud-scraping apparatus is to scrape mud axis, and described to scrape mud axis both ends equal
It is hinged by connecting rod and spring and rack；The flat furrow device be scrape in parallel mud axis setting round tube, the tube ends with
Housing slide connects, and the trench digging ring of convex is equipped at intervals on round tube.
4. improving the method for direct seading rice seeding ratio as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: first sphere is
Hollow structure, the first sphere top are equipped with water injection hole.
5. improving the method for direct seading rice seeding ratio as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: described to scrape mud axis both ends
Be additionally provided with mud guard, the mud guard be it is rectangular, be arranged diagonally downward from front to back.
6. improving the method for direct seading rice seeding ratio as claimed in claim 3, it is characterised in that: round tube rear machine
The two sides of frame are equipped with the second sphere, the second locating shaft are equipped at the top of second sphere, it is sliding that the rack rear portion also is provided with bearing
Block, second locating shaft is through the bearing slider and can move up and down with respect to bearing slider；The round tube passes through connecting plate
It is fixedly connected with the second locating shaft.
7. improving the method for direct seading rice seeding ratio as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that: the seeding apparatus packet
It includes and contains plants case, seed fetching equipment and grain conductor, the seed fetching equipment includes taking kind of room and taking kind of a spoon, described to take kind of ceiling portion and Sheng kind
Case is connected, and takes kind of room side to be equipped with and takes kind of a mouth；The outer side-lower of kind of mouth is taken to be equipped with kind of a mouth, kind of the mouth out is connected with grain conductor；
It takes in the rack on the outside of kind of mouth, go out to be equipped with abutment sleeve above kind of mouth, be provided with helical form hollow out slot on the abutment sleeve；
Described to take kind of a spoon include kettleholder and spoon slot, and the kettleholder is equipped with perforation, and the kettleholder is sheathed in abutment sleeve, and passes through company
It takes over the baton and is flexibly connected with abutment sleeve, one end of the pitman is pierced by hollow out slot, and drives its edge by reciprocating drive unit
Hollow out slot moves back and forth.
8. improving the method for direct seading rice seeding ratio as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that: the second of rack two sides
Positioning between centers is additionally provided with the sowing shaft for being parallel to round tube, and interval setting planter box, the planter box pass through U-shaped in the sowing shaft
Screw with sowing shaft is detachable is connected, the grain conductor end is inserted in planter box.
9. improving the method for direct seading rice seeding ratio as claimed in claim 8, it is characterised in that: the fertilizer apparatus packet
Fertilizer box, fertilizer apparatus and fertilizer guiding tube are included, the fertilizer box bottom interval is provided with defertilizing opening, is provided with above defertilizing opening through fertilizer
The fertilizer expelling shaft of hopper, the fertilizer expelling shaft are equipped with helical blade, and the helical blade adds right-hand screw to be a unit by left-hand screw
It sets gradually；The fertilizer apparatus interval is arranged, is corresponding with defertilizing opening, and adjacent fertilizer apparatus passes through the adjustment axis for running through fertilizer apparatus
It is connected, the fertilizer expelling shaft and adjustment axis passes through gear respectively and chain is connected with power output shaft；The fertilizer guiding tube end passes through
Tied rope or buckle be fixed in sowing shaft, planter box rear.
10. improving the method for direct seading rice seeding ratio as described in claim 1, it is characterised in that: further include spray dress
It sets, the chemical spraying device includes explosive barrel, electric water pump and medicine spraying tube；The rack rear portion is equipped with crossbeam, the medicine spraying tube winding
On the crossbeam, nozzle is arranged at intervals on medicine spraying tube.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201810877614.6A CN108967086A (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2018-08-03 | Method for improving emergence rate of direct-seeded rice seeds |
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| CN201810877614.6A CN108967086A (en) | 2018-08-03 | 2018-08-03 | Method for improving emergence rate of direct-seeded rice seeds |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN113396790A (en) * | 2021-05-28 | 2021-09-17 | 广西壮族自治区农业科学院 | Mechanized dry direct seeding furrow cultivation method for rice |
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Application publication date: 20181211 |