CN108947472A - 一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料及其制备方法 - Google Patents

一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料及其制备方法 Download PDF

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CN108947472A
CN108947472A CN201810885575.4A CN201810885575A CN108947472A CN 108947472 A CN108947472 A CN 108947472A CN 201810885575 A CN201810885575 A CN 201810885575A CN 108947472 A CN108947472 A CN 108947472A
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冯嘉豪
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料，由以下重量份配比的材料制成：高岭土、正长岩、聚乙烯醇、酒石酸、碳化硅、钡铁氧体、钛酸钡、硼化钛、石墨烯、氧化铟锡、硅灰石、钙长石、堇青石、莫来石和透辉石；硼化钛、石墨烯和氧化铟锡可以增加导电性，并可以加强其高温弯曲强度；其中硅灰石、钙长石、堇青石、莫来石和透辉石能够形成CaO‑MgO‑Al2O3‑SiO2系统，增加其坚固性和进一步加强其高温弯曲强度；钡铁氧体和钛酸钡起电损耗作用，碳化硅起磁损耗作用，通过烧结，三者间的化学变化使其形成多重界面效应，增加了对电磁波的吸收，并有效拓宽其吸波频段。

Description

一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料及其制备方法
技术领域
本发明具体涉及一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料及其制备方法。
背景技术
陶瓷材料是用天然或合成化合物经过成形和高温烧结制成的一类无机非金属材料。可用作结构材料、刀具材料，由于陶瓷还具有某些特殊的性能，又可作为功能材料。众所周知，通常陶瓷不导电，是良好的绝缘体。例如在氧化物陶瓷中，原子的外层电子通常受到原子核的吸引力，被束缚在各自原子的周围，不能自由运动。所以氧化物陶瓷通常是不导电的绝缘体。然而，某些氧化物陶瓷加热时，处于原子外层的电子可以获得足够的能量，以便克服原子核对它的吸引力，而成为可以自由运动的自由电子，这种陶瓷就变成导电陶瓷。其中导电陶瓷材料是指陶瓷材料中具备离子导电、电子/空穴导电的一种新型功能材料。导电陶瓷材料是从20世纪初期发展起来的,尤其是近十年来,关于新型材料与器件的一体化研究与应用等方面的研究十分活跃。但是现有的新型陶瓷材料大多导电性能不强，没有电磁波吸收屏蔽功效，硬度不够，且高温弯曲强度低。
发明内容
有鉴于此，本发明的目的是提供一种具有高导电性能、吸波、硬度高和高温弯曲强度高的新型陶瓷材料。
为了解决上述问题，本发明的技术方案是：
一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料，由以下重量份配比的材料制成：高岭土60-80份、正长岩30-50份、聚乙烯醇16-20份、酒石酸20-30份、碳化硅8-12份、钡铁氧体8-10份、钛酸钡8-10份、硼化钛6-8份、石墨烯6-8份、氧化铟锡4-8份、硅灰石3-5份、钙长石3-5份、堇青石3-5份、莫来石3-5份和透辉石3-5份。
进一步的，所述一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料，由以下重量份配比的材料制成：高岭土80份、正长岩30份、聚乙烯醇16份、酒石酸20份、碳化硅8份、钡铁氧体8份、钛酸钡8份、硼化钛6份、石墨烯6份、氧化铟锡4份、硅灰石3份、钙长石3份、堇青石3份、莫来石3份和透辉石3份。
进一步的，所述一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料，由以下重量份配比的材料制成：高岭土60份、正长岩50份、聚乙烯醇20份、酒石酸30份、碳化硅12份、钡铁氧体10份、钛酸钡10份、硼化钛8份、石墨烯8份、氧化铟锡8份、硅灰石5份、钙长石5份、堇青石5份、莫来石5份和透辉石5份。
进一步的，所述一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料，由以下重量份配比的材料制成：高岭土70份、正长岩40份、聚乙烯醇18份、酒石酸25份、碳化硅10份、钡铁氧体9份、钛酸钡9份、硼化钛7份、石墨烯7份、氧化铟锡6份、硅灰石4份、钙长石4份、堇青石4份、莫来石4份和透辉石4份。
本发明的有益效果:硼化钛、石墨烯和氧化铟锡可以增加导电性，并可以加强其高温弯曲强度；其中硅灰石、钙长石、堇青石、莫来石和透辉石能够形成CaO-MgO-Al2O3-SiO2系统，增加其坚固性和进一步加强其高温弯曲强度；钡铁氧体和钛酸钡起电损耗作用，碳化硅起磁损耗作用，通过烧结，三者间的化学变化使其形成多重界面效应，增加了对电磁波的吸收，并有效拓宽其吸波频段。
具体实施方法
实施例1
一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料，由以下重量份配比的材料制成：高岭土80份、正长岩30份、聚乙烯醇16份、酒石酸20份、碳化硅8份、钡铁氧体8份、钛酸钡8份、硼化钛6份、石墨烯6份、氧化铟锡4份、硅灰石3份、钙长石3份、堇青石3份、莫来石3份和透辉石3份。
一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤:
1)取高岭土80份、正长岩30份、硅灰石3份、钙长石3份、堇青石3份、莫来石3份和透辉石3份，使用球磨机进行粉碎，球磨机转速率应为80％，粉末大小为3um，将粉碎好的粉末使用搅拌机进行搅拌混合，搅拌速度为50rpm，时间为8min，制得第一混合粉末，备用；
2)取碳化硅8份、钡铁氧体8份、钛酸钡8份、硼化钛6份、石墨烯6份和氧化铟锡4份，使用球磨机进行粉碎，球磨机转速率应为90％，粉末大小为3um，放进容器内使用搅拌机进行搅拌混合，搅拌速度为120rpm，时间为16min，制得第二混合粉末，备用；
3)将步骤1)制得的第一混合粉末和步骤2)制得的第二混合粉末放进容器内，再加入酒石酸20份，搅拌混合，搅拌速度为30rpm，时间为30min，搅拌完后静置3h，制得静置料，备用；
4)将步骤3)制得的静置料进行水浴加热，加热温度为100℃，时间为20min，将加热好的静置料进行热压处理，热压处理温度为130℃，压力为1.0MPa,时间为16min，制得第一热压混合料，备用；
5)将步骤4)制得的第一热压混合料进行预烧，预烧温度为200℃，时间为14min，再将温度降为160℃，时间为10min，制得预烧料，备用；
6)将步骤5)制得的预烧料使用球磨机进行粉碎，球磨机转速率应为85％，粉末大小为3um，制得粉末料，备用；
7)将步骤6)制得的粉末料放进容器内，再将聚乙烯醇16份倒入，搅拌混合，搅拌速度为60rpm，时间为5min，搅拌完成后，进行坯体成型，备用；
8)将步骤7)制得的坯体进行烧结，烧结温度为220℃，时间为8min，再将温度提升为330℃，时间为20min，再将温度提升到1300℃，时间为3h，最后将温度提升为1600℃，时间为30min，即得。
实施例2
一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料，由以下重量份配比的材料制成：高岭土60份、正长岩50份、聚乙烯醇20份、酒石酸30份、碳化硅12份、钡铁氧体10份、钛酸钡10份、硼化钛8份、石墨烯8份、氧化铟锡8份、硅灰石5份、钙长石5份、堇青石5份、莫来石5份和透辉石5份。
一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤:
1)取高岭土60份、正长岩50份、硅灰石5份、钙长石5份、堇青石5份、莫来石5份和透辉石5份，使用球磨机进行粉碎，球磨机转速率应为70％，粉末大小为1um，将粉碎好的粉末使用搅拌机进行搅拌混合，搅拌速度为40rpm，时间为6min，制得第一混合粉末，备用；
2)取碳化硅12份、钡铁氧体10份、钛酸钡10份、硼化钛8份、石墨烯8份和氧化铟锡8份，使用球磨机进行粉碎，球磨机转速率应为80％，粉末大小为1um，放进容器内使用搅拌机进行搅拌混合，搅拌速度为100rpm，时间为10min，制得第二混合粉末，备用；
3)将步骤1)制得的第一混合粉末和步骤2)制得的第二混合粉末放进容器内，再加入酒石酸30份，搅拌混合，搅拌速度为20rpm，时间为20min，搅拌完后静置2h，制得静置料，备用；
4)将步骤3)制得的静置料进行水浴加热，加热温度为80℃，时间为10min，将加热好的静置料进行热压处理，热压处理温度为120℃，压力为0.8MPa,时间为10min，制得第一热压混合料，备用；
5)将步骤4)制得的第一热压混合料进行预烧，预烧温度为180℃，时间为10min，再将温度降为150℃，时间为6min，制得预烧料，备用；
6)将步骤5)制得的预烧料使用球磨机进行粉碎，球磨机转速率应为75％，粉末大小为1um，制得粉末料，备用；
7)将步骤6)制得的粉末料放进容器内，再将聚乙烯醇20份倒入，搅拌混合，搅拌速度为50rpm，时间为3min，搅拌完成后，进行坯体成型，备用；
8)将步骤7)制得的坯体进行烧结，烧结温度为200℃，时间为6min，再将温度提升为300℃，时间为10min，再将温度提升到1200℃，时间为1h，最后将温度提升为1500℃，时间为20min，即得。
实施例3
一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料，由以下重量份配比的材料制成：高岭土70份、正长岩40份、聚乙烯醇18份、酒石酸25份、碳化硅10份、钡铁氧体9份、钛酸钡9份、硼化钛7份、石墨烯7份、氧化铟锡6份、硅灰石4份、钙长石4份、堇青石4份、莫来石4份和透辉石4份。
一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料的制备方法，包括以下步骤:
1)取高岭土70份、正长岩40份、硅灰石4份、钙长石4份、堇青石4份、莫来石4份和透辉石4份，使用球磨机进行粉碎，球磨机转速率应为75％，粉末大小为2um，将粉碎好的粉末使用搅拌机进行搅拌混合，搅拌速度为45rpm，时间为7min，制得第一混合粉末，备用；
2)取碳化硅10份、钡铁氧体9份、钛酸钡9份、硼化钛7份、石墨烯7份和氧化铟锡6份，使用球磨机进行粉碎，球磨机转速率应为85％，粉末大小为2um，放进容器内使用搅拌机进行搅拌混合，搅拌速度为110rpm，时间为13min，制得第二混合粉末，备用；
3)将步骤1)制得的第一混合粉末和步骤2)制得的第二混合粉末放进容器内，再加入酒石酸25份，搅拌混合，搅拌速度为25rpm，时间为25min，搅拌完后静置2.5h，制得静置料，备用；
4)将步骤3)制得的静置料进行水浴加热，加热温度为90℃，时间为15min，将加热好的静置料进行热压处理，热压处理温度为125℃，压力为0.9MPa,时间为13min，制得第一热压混合料，备用；
5)将步骤4)制得的第一热压混合料进行预烧，预烧温度为190℃，时间为12min，再将温度降为155℃，时间为8min，制得预烧料，备用；
6)将步骤5)制得的预烧料使用球磨机进行粉碎，球磨机转速率应为80％，粉末大小为2um，制得粉末料，备用；
7)将步骤6)制得的粉末料放进容器内，再将聚乙烯醇18份倒入，搅拌混合，搅拌速度为55rpm，时间为4min，搅拌完成后，进行坯体成型，备用；
8)将步骤7)制得的坯体进行烧结，烧结温度为210℃，时间为7min，再将温度提升为315℃，时间为15min，再将温度提升到1250℃，时间为2h，最后将温度提升为1550℃，时间为25min，即得。
实验例：
选取碳化硅陶瓷材料为对照组，本发明实施例三制备的新型导电导热陶瓷材料为实验组。
实验对象，碳化硅陶瓷材料和本发明实施例三制备的新型导电导热陶瓷材料。
实验要求，对碳化硅陶瓷材料和本发明实施例三制备的新型导电吸波陶瓷材料进行性能测试。
表1为对实验对象性能测试信息采集所得结果
表1
结合表格1，对比碳化硅陶瓷材料和本发明实施例三制备的新型导电吸波陶瓷材料，可以看出本发明制备的一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料不仅具有高导电性能和吸波防辐射的性能，还具有非常好的硬度和高温弯曲强度高的性能。
以上所述，仅为本发明的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何不经过创造性劳动想到的变化或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的保护范围内。

Claims (4)

1.一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料，其特征在于：由以下重量份配比的材料制成：高岭土60-80份、正长岩30-50份、聚乙烯醇16-20份、酒石酸20-30份、碳化硅8-12份、钡铁氧体8-10份、钛酸钡8-10份、硼化钛6-8份、石墨烯6-8份、氧化铟锡4-8份、硅灰石3-5份、钙长石3-5份、堇青石3-5份、莫来石3-5份和透辉石3-5份。
2.如权利要求1所述一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料，其特征在于：由以下重量份配比的材料制成：高岭土80份、正长岩30份、聚乙烯醇16份、酒石酸20份、碳化硅8份、钡铁氧体8份、钛酸钡8份、硼化钛6份、石墨烯6份、氧化铟锡4份、硅灰石3份、钙长石3份、堇青石3份、莫来石3份和透辉石3份。
3.如权利要求1所述一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料，其特征在于：由以下重量份配比的材料制成：高岭土60份、正长岩50份、聚乙烯醇20份、酒石酸30份、碳化硅12份、钡铁氧体10份、钛酸钡10份、硼化钛8份、石墨烯8份、氧化铟锡8份、硅灰石5份、钙长石5份、堇青石5份、莫来石5份和透辉石5份。
4.如权利要求1所述一种新型导电吸波陶瓷材料，其特征在于：由以下重量份配比的材料制成：高岭土70份、正长岩40份、聚乙烯醇18份、酒石酸25份、碳化硅10份、钡铁氧体9份、钛酸钡9份、硼化钛7份、石墨烯7份、氧化铟锡6份、硅灰石4份、钙长石4份、堇青石4份、莫来石4份和透辉石4份。
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