CN1089390C

CN1089390C - Overhead crossing bridge series

Info

Publication number: CN1089390C
Application number: CN 97121861
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李学思
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 1997-12-09
Filing date: 1997-12-09
Publication date: 2002-08-21
Anticipated expiration: 2017-12-09
Also published as: CN1201853A

Abstract

The present invention relates to an overhead crossing bridge series which belongs to the field of urban traffic. The present invention uses a saddle-shaped bridge as foundation, and a two-layer flat top bridge in an eight shape and a ramp are perpendicularly crossed with the saddle-shaped bridge, wherein different combined forms, such as direct traveling road with left traveling direction, direct traveling road with right traveling direction matched with left traveling left turn single lane, direct traveling road with right traveling left turn detour 270 DEG, etc. are used on the flat top bridge and the ramp, so that the purpose that different width and forms of the intersections of urban roads correspond to different requirements is attained. The bridge series only has two layers of ground surface layer and overground layer, but has the function and the capacitance of a common four-layer overhead crossing bridge, and has the advantages of simple structure, low cost and high efficiency.

Description

The two-layer cloverleaf intersection

Cloverleaf intersection of the present invention belongs to traffic and transport field.

Overpass bridge can be divided three classes by characteristics at present: traditional type, back runing type, special formula.

Traditional type is divided into five kinds by form: cloverleaf formula, annular, rhombus, winding type and directional type.Its common feature is: 1. road breaking moat; 2. the number of plies is many, generally needs 4 to 5 layers of ability to solve the branch flow problem comprehensively; 3. distance detours; 4. floor space is big; 5. complex structure; 6. bridge construction cost height; 7. the intertwined point is many, and is big to speed of a motor vehicle influence; 8. individually there is not usual friendship at the secondary road mouth; 9. access bridge is oversize; 10. removal expense height.

The advantage of back runing type is that the motor vehicle left-hand rotation is effective.But the direction left turn traffic disturbs greatly straightgoing vehicle in addition, and especially fatal is seldom to consider the bicycle factor, and China's bicycle, especially bicycle and motor vehicle occupy status of equal importance.Do not consider the bicycle flow process as patent publication No. CN1135554A at all; Patent publication No. CN1069091A only mentions: if nonmotorized vehicle lane were arranged would be arranged in the middle of one deck, separate with the levels motorway.The nature road surface is above considers that then the bicycle bridge crossing exceeds 5 meters on nature road surface at least if press, and the nonmotorized vehicle lane longitudinal gradient gradient is generally 1.5%, and about 300 meters of length of grade is difficult to accept for bicycle; If sidewalk and bicycle are positioned at same one deck, then the relation of sidewalk and overlooking building is more difficult.The motorway height of bicycle unexposed layer is at least 8 meters, makes left rotaring ring road be difficult to arrange; Especially not having pressure line and irrigation canals and ditches almost could moving if consider that by the road breaking moat dark about 5 meters cutting makes the various underground utilities that concentrate on intersection be difficult to moving! Patent publication No. CN1105084A considers that nonmotorized vehicle lane is difficult to realize in the middle of up and down two-layer motorway, so nonmotorized vehicle lane is put into the nature road surface, enumerates two-layer motorway on it and amount to three layers, has solved comprehensive minute flow problem preferably.But the modified line grade separation point that intersects is too much, the ramp is long, highly greatly, complex structure, occupation of land be bigger.

The characteristics of special formula are: ingenious conception, garage's route variability are strong.But poor with the technical background associativity, also there are shortcomings such as the longitudinal gradient gradient is big, the Duan Duo that interweaves simultaneously.

In addition, above-mentioned all kinds of overpass bridges nearly all are not placed on bridge in the intersection of specific width in plan view, are not to allow bridge deacclimatize environment but opposite, therefore are difficult to use.The overpass bridge design that has only mentions that occupation of land is little, is a composite factor but overpass bridge takes up an area of size, and wherein total floor space is one of index, also has factors such as geometrical factor of bridge own and design feature.

The disconnection of bridge and environment makes the traditional type overpass bridge that only is useful on major trunk roads in the present urban interchange, crowded limited road intersection, urban district does not almost have a full key element, omnirange, no cutting, achiasmate overpass bridge, and traffic lights make the traffic capacity of intersection reduce half to 2/3rds, therefore urban road intersection overpass bridge problem is resolved far away, becomes a fatal problem of restriction China urban highway traffic conevying efficiency.Its side effect has increased the weight of the waste of environment pollution and oil plant by serious traffic congestion, and therefore more seriously social running speed reduces, and influences the economic development of China.

The objective of the invention is: do not have the achiasmate overpass bridge of cutting by designing a kind of two-layer full key element omnirange that is used for urban road intersection, and the control of the strictness by following feasibility, applicability, accommodation, four design principless of practicality, thereby realization theory combines with practice, reaches thorough solution urban road intersection traffic flow process problem and makes it to play the effect that promotes socio-economic development from the communications and transportation angle.

Task of the present invention is: design a series of be suitable for various street widths and intersection shape and need not the road breaking moat, have only ground and on the ground two-layer overall height be about 6 meters simple in structure, cost is low and can reach full key element (bicycle, people, motor vehicle) omnirange (keep straight on, turn left, turn right, tune) shunting, do not have the overpass bridge of all functions such as intersection.

Principle of the present invention is: 1. feasibility principle.Overcome the shortcoming that ubiquitous road breaking moat overpass bridge is difficult to adapt to the concrete environment of urban road intersection; Overcome that the common overpass bridge number of plies is many, floor height is big, take up an area of the big this shortcoming that is difficult to adapt to narrow street, city; 2. applicability principle.Be applicable to various street widths; Be applicable to various crossings shape; Be applicable to the intersection of various street width combinations; Be applicable to various intersection spacing merchant combinations; 3. flexible principle.At various intersections situation, design its ecad overpass bridge; Consider the different situations of all directions vehicle flowrate; 4. practical principle.Consider the influence of overpass bridge overall height and ramp length to the appearance of the city; Consider the different regions climatic factor; Consider various design considerations; Consider design code.

Principle of the present invention is: discrepancy in elevation decomposition principle.

The nonmotorized vehicle lane of crossing and sidewalk layer, each one deck of direct lane in length and breadth will be concentrated on, the added turning lane layer i.e. four layers accumulative total height, space and bicycle essential distance of back displacement shunting that interweaves under the main bridge crossing both sides that laterally utilize on shape of a saddle bridge and its, horizontal direct lane and non-locomotive and sidewalk two layer heights are decomposed under the two saddle peaks in bridge opening (4) and saddle paddy two outer space (5), make horizontal direct lane and bicycle and sidewalk be located on the nature supercrust, thereby reduced one deck overpass bridge; Design will vertically be kept straight on and added turning lane two layer heights decompose the long flat-top splayed bridge two ends coordinated transposition grade separation place that misplaces in the fore-and-aft plane of main bridge crossing both sides in that vertically utilization keeps left; Or utilize short distance to detour design with the suitable grade line and the tune grade separation place, track, plane of detouring of connecing, whole flat-top Eight characters bridge two ends that highly decomposes on the shape of a saddle bridge; Utilize ring road to change trains or buses to be unified in nature supercrust and two layers about vertical direct lane and each crossing, from and reduced one deck that vertical straightgoing vehicle turns to two-layer track, make and have only two-layer Jiao Jiaoqiao to have the function of four layers of overpass bridge.

Overpass bridge of the present invention comprises several modification, but becomes in any case, and its basic structure is all by horizontal shape of a saddle bridge and vertical craspedodrome road long flat-top Eight characters bridge of grade separation and the two-layer overpass bridge that ring road is formed with it, so be called saddle flat-top Eight characters cloverleaf intersection.Wherein shape of a saddle bridge keeps 26S Proteasome Structure and Function constant in various modification.

Shape of a saddle bridge constitutes by being positioned at the direct lane that the side elevation that is in series along the two short flat-top Eight characters bridges that form to gug to toe separately that connect to the short level line of up gradient and two side slopes top and short level line two outsides, top, slope that intersection nature road surface central point done to horizontal two-way mouth direction or vertical two crossing directions is similar to horse-saddle.Similar saddle peak, top, two slopes; Similar saddle paddy at the bottom of the side slope in two.Two saddle peaks and saddle paddy meet does not establish the vertical curve regulation.Bridge opening (4) that is positioned at 2.5 meters of the above clear height in nature road surface that two saddle peaks form down and the space (5) below bridge crossing two outsides on the saddle paddy and saddle direct lane two outsides have formed the circulation system on bicycle and sidewalk.The bicycle of vertical saddle direction is about 20 to 30 meters in junction of two streams (6) to the segment length that interweaves of split point (7), and this is that necessary distance is shunted in the bicycle displacement afterwards that interweaves.Pass the bicycle of other side of bridge opening (4) and saddle craspedodrome road after the shunting and locate the interflow, form and in junction of two streams (6); Right-hand rotation is directly finished by split point (7), and also the avris of (4) passes through to form circulation along the bridge opening on the sidewalk.

When this bicycle and sidewalk circulation system are used for five crossings, the round rotating disk vacancy of grade separation is vertical on it in end, the 5th crossing is provided with a round rotating disk that is positioned at the nature road surface with overlapping, and the right side bicycle at the 5th crossing bicycle that rises around this rotating disk and a saddle direction left side clockwise of taking back is located to collaborate in junction of two streams (6); The two-way direct lane of saddle direction also passes through in parting strip both sides subtend through saddle paddy (9) promptly main bridge crossing bridge opening (12) by two saddle peaks (8), following two inboard ramps on the ramp, two outsides simultaneously, thereby share the nature supercrust and do not have any interference with the bicycle and the sidewalk in these direct lane two outsides, nonmotorized vehicle lane itself does not also have intersection.

Bicycle and sidewalk flow process, the two-way direct lane flow process of saddle direction as above-mentioned all remain unchanged in any modification separately, thus after do not tire out and state.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, each modification overpass bridge of the present invention is further described.

Figure one is the keep left plan view of type of the direct lane on the shape of a saddle bridge, and it be the sectional drawing of shape of a saddle bridge direction road axis down, the sectional drawing that its right side is vertical shape of a saddle bridge direction road axis (together back).

Figure one label declaration:

1. being building, 2. is the sidewalk, 3. is nonmotorized vehicle lane, 4. is bicycle and bridge opening, sidewalk under the two saddle peaks; 5. be bicycle and bridge opening, sidewalk under the main bridge crossing both sides; 6. be the bicycle junction of two streams, 7. be the bicycle split point, 8. be the saddle peak, 9. be saddle paddy, 10. be that motor vehicle craspedodrome road is played on a saddle direction left side, 11. be the right motor vehicle craspedodrome road that rises of saddle direction, 12. be main bridge crossing bridge opening, 13. play motor vehicle craspedodrome road under the vertical saddle direction, 14. play motor vehicle craspedodrome road on the vertical saddle direction, 15. for intersecting displacement grade separation point, 16. has been that sloping line is a leg wire of slope, 17. are left-hand rotation motor vehicle split point, 18. be saddle direction and vertical saddle direction left-hand rotation motor vehicle junction of two streams, also be the interflow plotted point of speed change lane and switch back curve ring road, 19. are right-hand rotation ring road and switch back curve ring road junction of two streams, and 20 for playing road, the plane section of right-hand rotation ring road under the vertical saddle direction, 21 for vertical saddle direction right-hand rotation ring road to play sloping line be leg wire of slope, 22 for changeing split point about a saddle direction left side or right rising, and 23 be a saddle direction left side or rightly rise and craspedodrome line junction of two streams, and 24 is leg wire of slope for a saddle direction left side or a right right-hand rotation ring road end sloping line.

Be described further in conjunction with figure one with regard to structure and driving flow process below.

Following the craspedodrome road (13) of vertical saddle direction and last craspedodrome road (14) (15) some place separately with it on subtend craspedodrome road intersect the displacement grade separation, thereby form one section direct lane that keeps left that exists only in the intersection.Respectively establish one section speed change lane in two outsides in craspedodrome road, left side, this speed change lane links to each other with the switch back curve ring road by junction of two streams (18).The right-hand rotation ring road is located at the speed change lane outside and links to each other with the switch back curve ring road by junction of two streams (19).

Under the vertical saddle direction or gone up straightgoing vehicle (13) or (14) pass grade separation point (15) below, keep left,, hold at other to stride across the recovery of subtend direct lane on the grade separation point (15) and keep to the right by bridge crossing through playing sloping line (16) formation of going up a slope.

Vertical saddle direction following or gone up left turn traffic and enter the friendship Fast Moving Vehicle Lane in split point (17) and the straightgoing vehicle shunting that keeps left, with a saddle direction left side or the right left-hand rotation car that rises behind junction of two streams (18) interflow again with the going up or following right-hand rotation car formation left-hand rotation after junction of two streams (19) is collaborated of vertical saddle direction.

If being to alleviate because of put the wait of slowing down with the formation of saddle direction left-hand rotation car interflow of turning in (18), the purpose of speed change lane takies the interference of track to vertical saddle direction straightgoing vehicle.

The right-hand rotation car (20) of vertical saddle direction is turned one's head car formation right-hand rotation behind (19) some interflow through playing sloping line (21) go up a slope ring road and saddle direction.

The right-hand rotation wagon flow of saddle direction directly forms with left-hand rotation car shunting back at (22) point and turns right.

The left turn traffic of saddle direction in (22) point and right-hand rotation car shunting back at 18 left-hand rotation car interflow, again in the craspedodrome road that keeps left of the vertical saddle direction of junction of two streams (23) remittance and the formation left-hand rotation with vertical saddle direction.

The height of saddle peak bridge crossing is 3 meters, and clear height is 2.5 meters under the bridge; Main bridge crossing is high about 6 meters, makes that clear height reaches 4.5 meters under the bridge; As consider that bus then improves 1 meter again.

Ramp, saddle paddy both sides top rake is 6%, has road surface, ice and snow area can consider the formula of mating formation.The ring road gradient is 5%, and the craspedodrome road gradient is 3.5% to 4%.

It is 40 * 40 meters and above environment that this bridge construction and the scale of construction are suitable for the intersection.The craspedodrome road is two-way Four-Lane Road.

Figure two is the environment of 20 * 20 meters intersections for figure one overpass bridge is used for both sides, street distance between buildings.Structural change has three places: the one, and switch back curve ring road radius reduces to 11.2 meters by 15 meters of figure one, simultaneously the speed change lane contraction in length; The 2nd, the straightgoing vehicle diatom is kept to two-way two lane highways by the two-way Four-Lane Road of figure one; The 3rd, not as figure one to be connected to nature road surface to two ends along the ramp that connects at two-way direct lane intersection modified line grade separation point (15), but be connected to one section platform track on 3 meters high on the natural road surface of distance.Clear height reaches 2.5 meters nonmotorized vehicle lane grade separation to its purpose under overhanging right-hand rotation ring road of platform track and two side direction intersection directions thereof and the ring road utilizing, thereby solves the contradiction that overlaps up and down because of street canyon ring road and nonmotorized vehicle lane.

When turning radius was 11.2 meters, domestic car was 149 kinds according to statistics, 166 kinds of imported cars, and the vehicle of turning radius above 11.2 meters only accounted for for 2.2% (not comprising platform trailer and large-scale engineering machinery).

Figure three is the application of figure one overpass bridge under the big situation of left turn traffic amount.

Figure three label declarations.

25 are under the vertical saddle direction or have gone up the craspedodrome road and right-hand rotation ring road split point,

26 under the vertical saddle direction or gone up the bicycle road grade separation point that keeps left on craspedodrome road and upper strata,

27 under the vertical saddle direction or gone up motorway and become one-lane the sloping line of left-hand rotation that keep left,

28 under the vertical saddle direction or gone up the grade separation point of the direct lane of keep left left-hand rotation bicycle road and lower floor.

29 junctions of two streams for keep left left-hand rotation bicycle road and right-hand rotation ring road.

Be described further in conjunction with figure three with regard to structure and driving flow process below.

Be thoroughly to solve the interference of speed change lane wagon flow to direct lane, especially when left turn traffic amount greatly the time, take vertical two-way direct lane still is arranged as and keep to the right, other establishes the bicycle road that keeps left that is exclusively used in vertical left-hand rotation.This bicycle road under the vertical saddle direction or on play (13) or (14) pass subtend below after split point (25) and the shunting of right-hand rotation car the bicycle road grade separation point (26) that keeps left, go up a slope through playing sloping line (27), locate and a saddle direction left side or right left-hand rotation car interflow of rising in switch back curve summit (18) behind the grade separation mutually with following two-way direct lane at (28) some place, the right-hand rotation car with subtend forms in back, (19) some interflow again.

Right-hand rotation car right with the saddle direction or that rise on a left side forms left-hand rotation at back, (29) interflow descending behind a saddle direction left side or the right left-hand rotation car that the rises vertical direct lane below junction of two streams (18) and grade separation point (26) stride across.Turn right and directly finished through split point (25) and junction of two streams (19) by the right-hand rotation ring road in each crossing.

The maximum characteristics of this bridge are vertical straightgoing vehicle no interferences of keeping to the right.And also can be by the left-hand rotation bicycle road realization left-hand rotation that keeps left in same aspect.This is subjected to saddle direction left-hand rotation car to cause the defective of interference because of the interflow to vertical straightgoing vehicle among the figure one undoubtedly is a well improvement.Shortcoming is that vertical ramp is long than figure one.Be suitable for 40 * 40 meters and above and two intersection distance and the big situation of left turn traffic amount.

Figure four is used for the situation at five crossings or six～eight crossings for figure one overpass bridge.

Figure four label declarations:

30 the split points that close for speed change lane and oval rotating disk track.

31 the split points that close for a saddle direction left side right-hand rotation ring road and oval rotating disk.

32 is the split point that closes of the 5th crossing right-hand rotation ring road and oval rotating disk.

33 is craspedodrome road, right side, the 5th crossing.

Craspedodrome road, left side, 34 the 5th crossings.

Combining figure four with regard to structure with the driving flow process below is described further.

Main bridge crossing on the shape of a saddle bridge saddle paddy vertically the derailleur diatom outside following craspedodrome road that keeps left and about the 5th crossing between the two right-turn lane lines by closing split point (30), (31), oval rotating disk that turns to of (32) connection.It is adjacent that the switch back curve ring road is played on the saddle direction left side of this rotating disk and upside; Link to each other with the switch back curve ring road by junction of two streams (18) with the speed change lane on right side; The empty profile of its circle overlaps and grade separation with the oval rotating disk of the bicycle of below is perpendicular.

Can be divided into three tunnel: one road warp (18) behind craspedodrome road, right side, the 5th crossing (33) ECDC split point (32) and (30) and reach left-hand rotation with (19); Another road reaches the straight commentaries on classics in a left side through (18) and (23); Third Road reaches tune through (31).It is turned right and directly finishes through (32).

A saddle direction left side is played the right-hand rotation car and is directly finished the right-hand rotation of adjacent road through (31); ECDC split point (31) can form every the road with (32) and turn right.

Play left turn traffic under the vertical saddle direction and enter speed change lane after split point (17) and the straightgoing vehicle that keeps left are shunted, ECDC split point (30) forms adjacent road with (31) and turns left; ECDC split point (30), junction of two streams (18) and (19) form to turn left every the road; ECDC split point (30), (31), (32) form tune.

Figure five is applied to the situation at three crossings for figure one overpass bridge.

A saddle direction left side is played the right-hand rotation car and can directly be turned right by ring road; The craspedodrome road that the right left-hand rotation car of saddle direction is walked to keep left through switch back curve summit (18) forms; The left-hand rotation car (13) of vertical saddle direction passes grade separation point (15) below and has crossed sloping line (16) upward slope through switch back curve summit (18) formation left-hand rotation; Right-hand rotation is directly finished by ring road.

Situation when figure six is combined into whole flat-top Eight characters bridge for figure one overpass bridge with two long flat-top Eight characters bridges, figure six marks are write explanation.

35 bridge openings for the long flat-top Eight characters bridge that is integrated and its road, infralevoversion ring road half-turn plane grade separation formation.

36 is that the saddle direction is right or a left side rises and a saddle direction left side or the right junction of two streams of turning right that rises.

37 split points for left-hand rotation of saddle direction and the right-hand rotation of vertical saddle direction.

38 are the split point of saddle direction left-hand rotation with the right-hand rotation of saddle direction.

39 junctions of two streams for left-hand rotation of saddle direction and the right-hand rotation of vertical saddle direction.

40 is vertical saddle directional steering ring road leg wire of slope.

Bridge crossing on the shape of a saddle bridge saddle paddy and its both sides parallel ring road that turns left is positioned at same aspect, comprises bridge crossing and forms symmetry along access ramp at the bridge crossing two ends at interior long flat-top splayed bridge two ends.Long flat-top splayed bridge flat-top and ramp phase connection with turn to along 180 ° of the left rotaring ring roads in flat-top Eight characters bridge two outsides straight road surface section mutually grade separation form bridge opening (35), thereby vertically constituting one along long flat-top splayed bridge two outside ring roads and the annular channel system that turns to that passes grade separation bridge opening, two ends (35), and be connected with saddle directional steering ring road.

A saddle direction left side or the right right lateral car that rises are through junction of two streams (36), and leg wire of slope (40) and split point (38) form turns right; A saddle direction left side or the right left lateral car that rises are through junction of two streams (36), leg wire of slope (40) and split point (38) change 180 ° of flat-top Eight characters bridge bridge openings (35) of passing on it to collaborate in (39) with the vertical ring road of craspedodrome road opposite side, go up a slope through leg wire of slope (40) then, cross split point (37), junction of two streams (36) forms turns left.

The left-hand rotation car of vertical saddle direction is through junction of two streams (39), leg wire of slope (40) goes up a slope, cross split point (37), junction of two streams (36) descending changes 180 ° through homonymy leg wire of slope (40) and passes the long flat-top splayed bridge bridge opening (35) on it from below and collaborate behind (39) point with the subtend bogie car, crosses other side slope payment to a porter (40) and goes up a slope to walk to turn right and form left-hand rotation behind the ring road.

Directly turn right in right-hand rotation car warp (39), (40) of vertical saddle direction, (37).

The ring road maximum gradient is 7%, and the shape of a saddle bridge two inboard gradients are 6%, and the formula road surface of mating formation can be considered in the ice and snow area.The left-hand rotation car detours the road from being about 150 meters, much smaller than the distance of about 300 meters of general overpass bridges.

Vertically whole long its flat-top of flat-top splayed bridge always is about 220 meters, and the flat-top two side slope gradients are by 3.5% design, then between two toes apart from about 500 meters, promptly mid point vertical every side bridge in intersection is about 250 meters.

This bridge structure in series is the simplest, and the long flat-top splayed bridge of vertical saddle direction is the shortest, and straightgoing vehicle is all noiseless in length and breadth, and it is little to be particularly suitable for left turn traffic, and distance is lacked and the intersection is 40 * 40 meters and above situation between the intersection.

Figure seven is figure six situations when being used for street width and being 30 * 30 meters intersections.

Figure seven label declarations.

41 is the flat oblique of integral body long flat-top splayed bridge wiring place of vertical saddle direction and the grade separation point on hollow 8 fonts two tops under it, and 42 is the grade separation point on hollow 8 font added turning lanes and bicycle under it and sidewalk, and 43 is junction of two streams, and 44 is split point.

Turning to wagon flow big, distance is near between the intersection, does not put under the situation of the left-hand rotation bicycle road overpass bridge that keeps left, and takes two and half formula layouts.Be that bridge crossing on the shape of a saddle bridge saddle paddy is in two different aspects, its under the hollow 8 font added turning lanes of the similar vertical saddle direction of one deck shape; It is the direct lane of the long flat-top Eight characters of the integral body right side opposing traffic of vertical saddle direction at last one deck.This two interlamellar spacing has only 2 meters, so two-layer half formula of meaning.Added turning lane is a symmetry with the cross-line ring road, is positioned on the inclined-plane of two identical gradients, and is coupled on the ring road separately of four crossings by junction of two streams (43) and split point (44); The long flat-top Eight characters direct lane of vertical saddle direction between its both sides are along the split point (44) on 8 words, two tops of the ramp that connects and the flat-top phase connection place hollow 8 font added turning lanes under with it and junction of two streams (43) section mutually grade separation in (41) point; Two 8 words circles rotating disk added turning lane and the non-machine under it cut car and sidewalk mutually grade separation in (42) point.Left turn traffic changes 270 ° at hollow 8 font rotating disks and reaches left-hand rotation, and the distance of turning left to detour only has about 70 meters.

A saddle direction left side or the right left-hand rotation car that rises are walked junction of two streams (43) and split point (44), pass the vertical craspedodrome road grade separation point (41) on it below, and through two junctions of two streams (43), split point (44) reaches left-hand rotation; The right-hand rotation car of saddle direction is directly turned right through junction of two streams (43) and split point (44) gug, ring road is through junction of two streams (43) and split point (44) on the left-hand rotation car of vertical saddle direction, walk the bridge crossing interflow (43) and split point (44) of side in addition, change 180 °, pass grade separation point (41) from below, reach left-hand rotation through the junction of two streams (43) of other side ring road and split point (44) descending; Right-hand rotation is directly finished through junction of two streams (43) and split point (44).

Marginal data:

------nonmotorized vehicle lane center line; For the purpose of directly perceived, when passing through bridge opening (5) not according to the perspective line drawing.

------motorway center line;

---various lines of demarcation or lane width line.

The present invention has considered horizontal curve, vertical curve, and sighting distance, gradient restriction turns half through waiting design factor and pertinent regulations.

The present invention has compared following advantage with existing all kinds of overpass bridges:

1. not road breaking moat solves the intensive contradiction of can't moving building overpass bridge again of urban road intersection and near underground pipeline irrigation canals and ditches thereof.

2. applicability is strong: it is suitable for avenue both sides distance between buildings in various intersections more than 20 meters and various forms of intersection.

3. only use two-layer grade separation with regard to round Realization the achiasmate shunting function of full key element (people, bicycle, motor vehicle) omnirange (keep straight on, turn left, turn right, later).Up to the present also beyond example.

4. because overpass bridge has only two-layerly, and it is suitable with four layers of overpass bridge capacity with regard to reach shunting function comprehensively promptly only to build one deck overpass bridge on natural road surface, therefore saves and takes up an area of, simple in structure, the duration weak point, cost is low.

5. because the overpass bridge overall height is little,, therefore save the energy, save time, reduce so the ramp is short

Claims

1. one kind by shape of a saddle bridge, the two-layer cloverleaf intersection that is used for urban road intersection that two long flat-top Eight characters bridges and ring road are formed, it is characterized in that one deck be the splayed bridge that is made of two short flat-tops (8) and asymmetric two slope by middle saddle paddy (9) side-looking that forms and be symmetrical in saddle paddy (9) that is in series is a shape of a saddle bridge, its toe and saddle paddy are connected in the nature road surface, two slope tops promptly two saddle peaks (8) with its descend also to be positioned at the bicycle on nature road surface and walkway mutually grade separation form two bridge openings (4), direct lane and the vertical grade separation of ring road on it forms two bridge openings (5) to nonmotorized vehicle lane in saddle paddy (9) section two outsides, the bicycle in the shape of a saddle direct lane outside and sidewalk form circulation by bridge opening (4) and (5), make motorway and bicycle and sidewalk be positioned at same aspect and take their own roads noiselessly, the nonmotorized vehicle lane outside is for the sidewalk and be close to building;

Shape of a saddle bridge is positioned at the vertical grade separation of bridge crossing of same aspect and forms bridge opening (12) with two layers in saddle paddy (9) section, two layers is the vertically long flat-top splayed bridge and the ring road systems of dislocation of two plane parallel, and its plane parallel can present two planes that are symmetrical in bridge crossing because of two ends bridge floor elevation is lower than the bridge crossing elevation; Its flat-top dislocation length is bridge crossing length; Its separately flat-top bridge length be bridge crossing length, the length sum of doube bridge intersection displacement grade separation section outside adjacent bridge ramp length and the ramp, two bridges outside flat-top turn section separately and following adjacent bridge toe oppositely the turnover roadway segment mutually grade separation in (15) point, two-layer intersection turnover displacement one on the other forms the isometric one section track that keeps left that exists only in by the intersection to two bridges through two ends separately, two bridge flat-top sections are still parallel with the flat-top section and form symmetry along access ramp through intersecting after the turnover, recover the state of keeping to the right simultaneously, the ramp of bridge crossing both sides also forms symmetry, the outside, track adds one section speed change lane keeping left separately, speed change lane joins by junction of two streams (18) and switch back curve ring road through split point (17); Join by the junction of two streams (23) and the craspedodrome road that keeps left, form the left turn lane at each crossing, the right-hand rotation ring road also links to each other with the switch back curve ring road with split point (22) by junction of two streams (19) in the speed change lane outside and forms symmetry.

2. overpass bridge according to claim 1 when to be used for both sides, street distance between buildings be 20 * 20 meters intersection, is characterized in that the switch back curve ring road turning radius of described overpass bridge on saddle bridge saddle paddy will be decreased to 11.2 meters by 15 meters; Long flat-top splayed bridge is in the platform track that intersects displacement grade separation point (15) two another lower heights that the outer end is linked as separately, and the bicycle of this platform track and lower floor and cross walk be grade separation mutually; Respectively isolate a right-hand rotation ring road in the middle part outside and be connected in split point (22) and junction of two streams (19) on the switch back curve ring road respectively.

3. overpass bridge according to claim 1 when being used to the intersection of keeping straight on suitable with the left turn traffic amount, is characterized in that described overpass bridge, and the direct lane that keeps left on the saddle bridge is still taked to keep to the right; The speed change lane that links to each other with switch back curve ring road junction of two streams (18) changes the left-hand rotation bicycle road that keeps left into.This bicycle road by the following of vertical saddle direction gone up motor vehicle craspedodrome road (13) or (14) after the shunting of split point (25) and right-hand rotation car, pass below and the subtend one-lane grade separation point (26) that turns left that keeps left, cross junction of two streams (19) realization left-hand rotation with a saddle direction left side or the right left-hand rotation car that rises in back, junction of two streams (18) interflow through playing sloping line (27); The right-hand rotation car imports switch back curve by ring road through junction of two streams (19) with the shunting back, left-hand rotation bicycle road that keeps left at split point (25) and forms right-hand rotation.A saddle direction left side or the right left-hand rotation car that rises pass through junction of two streams (18), form to turn left and recover thereupon after junction of two streams (29) is collaborated through the right-hand rotation car that grade separation point (26) is right with the saddle direction or rise on a left side and keep to the right.

4. overpass bridge according to claim 1, when being used for 5 or 6～8 crossings, it is characterized in that described overpass bridge, at the speed change lane in the outside, the craspedodrome road that keeps left on the shape of a saddle bridge with connecting a Long Circle and turning to rotating disk by closing split point (30), (31), (32) between two right-turn lanes about the 5th or 6～8 crossings.It is adjacent that the switch back curve ring road is played on the saddle direction left side of this rotating disk and upside; Link to each other and link to each other with the switch back curve ring road by closing split point (30) with the speed change lane on right side by junction of two streams (18); The empty profile of its inboard circle and the oval rotating disk of the bicycle of below be grade separation and form the upright projection coincidence mutually.

5. overpass bridge according to claim 1 when being used for three crossings, is characterized in that described overpass bridge, and the direct lane that keeps left on shape of a saddle bridge is directly connected in switch back curve ring road summit (18) and reaches left-hand rotation; The right left-hand rotation car that rises of saddle direction is also crossed another hump (18) through the switch back curve ring road and is reached left-hand rotation, and all directions are turned right and directly finished through ring road.

6. overpass bridge according to claim 1, when being used for the straightgoing vehicle flow much larger than left turn traffic amount and two intersection close together, it is characterized in that described overpass bridge, the switch back curve ring road on the saddle bridge will be by replacing with the craspedodrome ring road of main span line bridge location in same aspect; Direct lane also adopts the mode of keeping to the right on the main bridge crossing; Vertically the two long flat-top Eight characters bridge of dislocation be integrated in the vertical and its two ends with do 180 ° of roads, left-hand rotation plane that turn to grade separation mutually in its time, form back, two motor vehicle left-hand rotation bridge openings (35) to tiltedly being connected in the nature road surface along access ramp down, its two leg wire of slope forms symmetry in the bridge crossing both sides, be similar to vertical two bridge openings (35) of the bicycle circulation that bridge opening (4) under the horizontal shape of a saddle bridge two saddle peaks forms and form motor vehicle circulation system along the ring road in long flat-top splayed bridge two outsides, a saddle direction left side or right 's left-hand rotation car is crossed leg wire of slope (40) through junction of two streams (36) descending and is passed 270 ° of bridge opening (35) corotation and walk other side slope payment to a porter (40), split point (37), junction of two streams (36) reaches left-hand rotation; The left-hand rotation car of the vertical saddle direction ring road of walking to turn right, left-hand rotation car with the saddle direction outside bridge opening (35) collaborates after the leg wire of slope (40) of leg wire of slope (40), split point (37), junction of two streams (36), other side of bridge crossing turns left 180 ° to pass bridge opening (35) in junction of two streams (39), and leg wire of slope (40), the split point of side reach left-hand rotation after (37) in addition to cross junction of two streams (39), long flat-top splayed bridge.All directions are turned right and are directly finished by the right-hand rotation ring road.

7. overpass bridge according to claim 6, when to be used for both sides, street distance between buildings be 30 * 30 meters intersection, it is characterized in that described overpass bridge, bridge crossing on shape of a saddle bridge saddle paddy is positioned at the aspect of two differing heights, its under one deck flat shape like the hollow 8 font added turning lanes of a vertical saddle direction; It is perpendicular to the craspedodrome road that the long flat-top splayed of integral body of saddle direction is kept to the right at last one deck, added turning lane is a symmetry with the bridge crossing ring road, be positioned on the tapered plane of two identical gradients, and be connected on the ring road separately of four crossings by junction of two streams (43) and split point (44); The long flat-top splayed craspedodrome road of vertical saddle direction between its both sides are along the 8 font top road split point (44) of the ramp that connects and the flat-top phase connection place hollow 8 font added turning lanes under with it and junction of two streams (43) section mutually grade separation in (41) number point; Two 8 word rotating disks with its under bicycle and the sidewalk mutually grade separation in (42) of same position number point.The left-hand rotation car of saddle direction passes 180 ° of grade separation point (41) commentaries on classics through junction of two streams (43) and split point (44) from below, cross two junctions of two streams (43) and split point (44) and reach left-hand rotation; Right-hand rotation ring road and saddle direction left-hand rotation car collaborate in junction of two streams (43) on the left-hand rotation car of vertical saddle direction, walk split point (44), junction of two streams (43), split point (44) and pass grade separation point (41) from below and change 180 °, cross junction of two streams (43) and reach left-hand rotation with split point (44); Turning right through the right-hand rotation ring road in each crossing, crosses junction of two streams (43) and directly form right-hand rotation with split point (44) descending.