CN108936662B - Preparation method of bitter gourd health food for assisting in reducing blood sugar - Google Patents
Preparation method of bitter gourd health food for assisting in reducing blood sugar Download PDFInfo
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- CN108936662B CN108936662B CN201810893240.7A CN201810893240A CN108936662B CN 108936662 B CN108936662 B CN 108936662B CN 201810893240 A CN201810893240 A CN 201810893240A CN 108936662 B CN108936662 B CN 108936662B
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/105—Plant extracts, their artificial duplicates or their derivatives
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L19/00—Products from fruits or vegetables; Preparation or treatment thereof
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/28—Asteraceae or Compositae (Aster or Sunflower family), e.g. chamomile, feverfew, yarrow or echinacea
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/42—Cucurbitaceae (Cucumber family)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
- A61K36/185—Magnoliopsida (dicotyledons)
- A61K36/60—Moraceae (Mulberry family), e.g. breadfruit or fig
- A61K36/605—Morus (mulberry)
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61K—PREPARATIONS FOR MEDICAL, DENTAL OR TOILETRY PURPOSES
- A61K36/00—Medicinal preparations of undetermined constitution containing material from algae, lichens, fungi or plants, or derivatives thereof, e.g. traditional herbal medicines
- A61K36/18—Magnoliophyta (angiosperms)
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- A61K36/899—Poaceae or Gramineae (Grass family), e.g. bamboo, corn or sugar cane
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A61—MEDICAL OR VETERINARY SCIENCE; HYGIENE
- A61P—SPECIFIC THERAPEUTIC ACTIVITY OF CHEMICAL COMPOUNDS OR MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS
- A61P3/00—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism
- A61P3/08—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis
- A61P3/10—Drugs for disorders of the metabolism for glucose homeostasis for hyperglycaemia, e.g. antidiabetics
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method of a bitter gourd health food for assisting in reducing blood sugar, which is prepared by reasonably compounding a bitter gourd alcohol extract and a water extract composition of momordica grosvenori, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana, and specifically comprises the following components in parts by weight: 60-70 parts of balsam pear alcohol extract and 30-40 parts of water extraction composition of momordica grosvenori, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana, wherein the water extraction composition is prepared from the raw materials of momordica grosvenori, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana according to the weight ratio of 30-35: 20-25: 5-8: 5-8 mass ratio. The invention obviously reduces the fasting blood sugar, has equivalent or better auxiliary blood sugar reducing effect compared with the prior art, and generates the synergistic effect. Meanwhile, the raw materials have the characteristics of rich resources, wide distribution, low price, easy obtainment and the like, the production process is simpler, the operation cost is lower, the method is more suitable for common consumer groups, and the safety is good.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of health-care food, and particularly relates to preparation of bitter gourd health-care food with an auxiliary blood sugar reducing effect.
Background
Diabetes is an endocrine metabolic disease, is characterized by hyperglycemia and secondary disorders of hyperglycemia, such as fat, protein, water, electrolyte and the like, is typically expressed as polydipsia, polyphagia, polyuria and emaciation, and belongs to the category of diabetes of traditional Chinese medicine. With the change of modern diet and life style, the prevalence rate of the disease tends to rise year by year. At present, the main medicines for reducing blood sugar are still western medicines clinically, but the western medicines have more side effects in treatment, and the study on the effect of natural medicine-food homologous raw materials in the aspect of assisting in reducing blood sugar is a modern development trend.
Balsam pear (also called balsam pear, etc.) is a plant of balsam pear (balsam pear, etc.) in CucurbitaceaeMomordica charantia L.) The fruit has the effects of clearing heat and removing toxicity, nourishing and strengthening, improving eyesight, relieving fatigue and the like, can also reduce blood sugar, resist bacteria and viruses and improve immunity, is a common edible vegetable for food and medicine (homology of medicine and food), has the characteristics of rich resources, wide distribution, low price, easy obtainment and the like, and has great popularization and application values. However, in the process of being applied as health food, the bitter gourd is found to have certain bitterness, so that the bitter gourd can be directly eatenThe bitter substances in the flour may bring bad eating experience to partial consumers, thereby influencing the further application and development of products; on the other hand, the content of the functional components is lower than that of the extract after extraction, and more bitter gourd raw materials are required to be added to achieve the same blood sugar reducing effect, so that the bitterness of the product is further increased.
The momordica grosvenori is a fruit of momordica grosvenori which is a perennial root vine plant of the cucurbitaceae family, belongs to a specific economic and medicinal plant in China, contains a plurality of active ingredients such as flavone, polysaccharide, stevioside and polyphenol, and the like. The mulberry is a mature fruit of mulberry, is sweet and juicy, is one of fruits which are frequently eaten by people, has the effects of tonifying liver and kidney, promoting the production of body fluid and moistening dryness, blackening hair and improving eyesight and the like, and also has certain auxiliary blood sugar reducing effect and the like. The corn stigma is used as a corn byproduct, is rich in active ingredients such as polysaccharide and the like, has the effects of reducing blood sugar and blood fat, is huge in resource, has the advantages of being rich in source, low in price, easy to collect and the like, but is limited in development and utilization at present, most of the corn stigma is discarded in vain, and resource waste is caused. The stevia rebaudiana Bertoni is leaves of stevia rebaudiana Bertoni of Compositae and Eupatorium, has effects of promoting fluid production to quench thirst, lowering blood pressure, lowering blood sugar, etc., and can be used as a low-calorie natural sweetener, and is one of raw materials in food and pharmaceutical industries. Therefore, the momordica grosvenori, the mulberry, the corn stigma and the stevia rebaudiana have certain auxiliary blood sugar reducing effects, and the raw materials have certain sweet taste and sweet mouthfeel, so that the momordica grosvenori, the mulberry, the corn stigma and the stevia rebaudiana are easily accepted by consumers.
However, if the raw materials are used independently, the taste of the product is single, and the blood sugar reducing effect of the single component is not obvious. In this regard, although there are numerous documents in the prior art disclosing health food formulations with an auxiliary hypoglycemic effect, such health foods have problems such as the following in terms of the current overall state of the art:
(1) in the aspect of health care effect, although the selected raw materials are various, more attention is paid to the blood sugar reducing effect of the raw materials, the research on how to reasonably compound the raw materials to achieve the synergistic effect is less, and the research is proved by experiments; although the bitter gourd is used as a raw material to prepare the auxiliary hypoglycemic health-care food in the prior art, the fact that corn stigma, fructus momordicae, mulberry, stevia rebaudiana and the like have more or less hypoglycemic health-care effects is well known, and the raw materials are common medicinal and edible raw materials, and the hypoglycemic effect is not obvious when the raw materials are added independently.
(2) In the aspect of edible quality, most of the bitter gourd products with the auxiliary blood sugar reducing effect on the market at present have defects in taste and flavor, for example, although the bitter gourd raw material has a certain blood sugar reducing effect, the effect is exerted in a limited way when the bitter gourd raw material is used alone, and due to the bitter taste, the bitter gourd auxiliary blood sugar reducing effect has the technical task of how to compound the bitter gourd raw material to realize the blood sugar reducing effect of the bitter gourd and avoid the possible problems.
(3) In the preparation method, most of the bitter gourd products in the market are prepared into powder form by directly preparing bitter gourd raw materials, or are compounded into a composition for use, or are prepared into ilex latifolia thumb, bitter gourd slices and the like by directly drying for brewing and drinking, the effective ingredients of the bitter gourd products are not extracted specifically to realize the application of reducing blood sugar, and meanwhile, most of the preparation methods adopt general process steps without selecting targeted process conditions and parameter optimization.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide a health food with an auxiliary blood sugar reducing effect and a preparation method thereof, through single and combined experiments of various medicinal and edible raw materials, a bitter gourd alcohol extract for extracting active ingredients of bitter gourd is finally determined, and a water extract composition of momordica grosvenori, mulberry, corn silk and stevia rebaudiana is matched to prepare a food product form widely accepted by consumers, for example, the product is taken in a brewing and drinking mode.
Specifically, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme;
the invention aims to provide a preparation method of a bitter gourd health food for assisting in reducing blood sugar, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: taking bitter gourd, fructus momordicae, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana, screening and cleaning raw materials, and then respectively crushing;
(2) preparation of the aqueous extract composition: mixing the crushed momordica grosvenori, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana in the step (1), adding distilled water into the mixture, soaking, and performing ultrasonic intermittent treatment during water extraction so as to perform cyclic extraction treatment; taking the water extract, centrifuging, taking the supernatant, concentrating, vacuum freeze drying, and pulverizing to obtain water extract composition;
(3) preparing the balsam pear alcohol extract: taking the crushed bitter gourd raw material obtained in the step (1), drying and crushing the crushed bitter gourd raw material after pretreatment, extracting the crushed bitter gourd raw material with ethanol, and simultaneously carrying out ultrasonic intermittent treatment to carry out cyclic extraction treatment; filtering to obtain filtrate, recovering ethanol, vacuum freeze drying the obtained paste, and pulverizing to obtain fructus Momordicae Charantiae ethanol extract;
(4) and (3) mixing the water extract composition of the momordica grosvenori, the mulberry, the corn silk and the stevia rebaudiana obtained in the step (2) and the alcohol extract of the momordica charantia obtained in the step (3), packaging and sterilizing to obtain the momordica charantia.
Preferably, the crushed grosvenor momordica fruit, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana are mixed according to the weight ratio of 30-35: 20-25: 5-8: 5-8 by mass ratio.
Further preferably, the water extract composition of momordica grosvenori, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by weight of 35: 23: 7: 5 in a mass ratio.
Preferably, 30-40 parts by weight of the water extract composition of the momordica grosvenori, the mulberry, the corn silk and the stevia rebaudiana obtained in the step (2) and 60-70 parts by weight of the momordica charantia alcohol extract obtained in the step (3) are taken, mixed, packaged and sterilized to obtain the momordica charantia fruit extract.
More preferably, in the step (4), 35 parts of the water extract composition of momordica grosvenori, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana obtained in the step (2) and 65 parts of the alcohol extract of momordica grosvenori obtained in the step (3) are taken.
Preferably, the step (2) of preparing the water extraction composition comprises the following steps: mixing the crushed fructus momordicae, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana in the step (1), wherein the mixture is prepared according to the material-liquid ratio of 1: adding distilled water at a ratio of 30-60 (m/v), soaking for 30-60min, performing ultrasonic intermittent treatment during water extraction, treating for 5-10min each time at 40-80 deg.C under 800W at 500-; centrifuging the water extractive solution, collecting supernatant, concentrating, vacuum freeze drying, and pulverizing to obtain water extractive composition;
further preferably, the step (2) of preparing the water extract composition comprises the following steps: mixing the crushed fructus momordicae, corn stigma, stevia rebaudiana and mulberry obtained in the step (1), wherein the mixture is prepared according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: adding distilled water at a ratio of 50 (m/v), soaking for 60min, extracting with water by ultrasonic intermittent treatment at 600W and 60 deg.C for 10min each time, standing for 5min, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min, standing for 5min, and performing cyclic extraction for 90 min; taking the water extract, centrifuging, taking the supernatant, concentrating, vacuum freeze drying, and pulverizing to obtain the water extract composition.
Preferably, the preparation of the balsam pear alcohol extract in the step (3): taking the crushed bitter gourd raw material obtained in the step (1), pretreating, drying and crushing, wherein the ratio of material to liquid is 1: adding 50-90 wt% ethanol at a ratio of 20-40 (m/v), extracting with ethanol by ultrasonic intermittent treatment at 30-50 deg.C under 400W at 200-; filtering to obtain filtrate, recovering ethanol, vacuum freeze drying the obtained paste, and pulverizing to obtain fructus Momordicae Charantiae ethanol extract;
further preferably, the preparation of the balsam pear alcohol extract in the step (3): taking the crushed bitter gourd raw material obtained in the step (1), pretreating, drying and crushing, wherein the ratio of material to liquid is 1: adding 80 wt% ethanol at a ratio of 30 (m/v), extracting with ethanol by ultrasonic intermittent treatment at 40 deg.C under 300W for 5min each time, standing for 5min, ultrasonic treating for 5min, standing for 5min, and circulating for 60 min; filtering to obtain filtrate, recovering ethanol, vacuum freeze drying the obtained paste, and pulverizing to obtain fructus Momordicae Charantiae ethanol extract.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
(1) for the selection of the raw materials, a great technical contribution point of the invention is that aiming at the problems that the bitter gourd health-care food with the auxiliary blood sugar reducing effect on the current market has bitter taste, more and insufficient taste and flavor and is not suitable for large-scale eating, the bitter gourd, the corn stigma, the momordica grosvenori, the mulberry and the stevia rebaudiana are creatively and reasonably matched and combined, the bitter gourd alcohol extract for extracting the effective components of the bitter gourd is determined, and the water extract composition of the momordica grosvenori, the mulberry, the corn stigma and the stevia rebaudiana is matched. Firstly, the eating experience of consumers is further enhanced, and the influence caused by over-bitter taste of the product is avoided, namely the combination of the momordica grosvenori, the mulberry, the corn stigma and the stevia rebaudiana is selected, so that the blood sugar reducing effect is enhanced, and simultaneously, the sweet taste of the composition is utilized to neutralize the bitter taste of the balsam pear extract, so that the finally obtained product has softer and palatable taste and moderate flavor. Secondly, aiming at the defect that the effect of the raw material components is relatively limited when the raw material components are used independently, the raw materials are reasonably combined, the characteristic of complementary advantages of the raw materials is fully exerted, the blood sugar reducing effect of the product is further improved, the combination has a synergistic effect, and compared with the prior art, the auxiliary blood sugar reducing effect is equivalent to or better. Moreover, the raw materials belong to most of materials with homology of medicine and food, and have the characteristics of rich resources, wide distribution, low price, easy obtainment and the like, the production process is simpler, the operation cost is lower, the traditional Chinese medicine composition is more suitable for common consumer groups, and the safety is better than that of taking western medicines.
(2) For the optimization of the adaptation process, the other technical contribution point of the invention is that the operation is correspondingly carried out by an extraction mode of alcohol extraction or water extraction according to the characteristics of the blood sugar reducing active ingredients in the raw materials of balsam pear, fructus momordicae, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana, and the concentration of the target active ingredients of the obtained extract is greatly improved compared with that of the raw materials, so that the same blood sugar reducing effect can be obtained by taking fewer product preparations by consumers while the functions of concentration and purification are achieved. Meanwhile, through the intermittent extraction of ultrasonic waves, the synergistic promotion effect is achieved in the extraction process, cavitation effect and the like generated by ultrasonic waves are utilized, the internal tissues of the crushed bitter gourd, the momordica grosvenori, the mulberry, the corn silk and the stevia rebaudiana are repeatedly compressed and stretched, cavities (cavitation bubbles) are formed in the internal tissues of the raw materials, and cell walls are ruptured by utilizing pressure difference, so that the functional components are better dissolved out in cells, the dissolution extraction rate of the functional components is greatly improved, and the blood sugar reducing effect of the bitter gourd health food is obviously improved compared with that of the existing product through the interaction of the blood sugar reducing functional components of the raw materials.
(3) As for application prospects, comparison of experimental data proves that the measured fasting blood glucose value of the bitter gourd health food has statistical significance, the result of the fasting blood glucose reduction experiment is positive, and the bitter gourd health food has a remarkable effect of assisting in reducing blood glucose. Meanwhile, compared with the single use of each raw material and other combination proportions, the formula of the invention also has a synergistic effect, and compared with the prior art, the formula of the invention has equivalent or better auxiliary blood sugar reducing effect, and the quantitative effect is beyond the expectation of the technicians in the field.
Detailed Description
The present invention is further illustrated by the following specific embodiments, which are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Example 1:
the raw materials of fructus momordicae, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana are mixed according to the weight ratio of 35: 23: 7: 5, the preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) pretreatment of raw materials: selecting fructus Siraitiae Grosvenorii, Mori fructus, stigma Maydis and sweet stevia, screening, cleaning, and pulverizing respectively; (2) preparation of the aqueous extract composition: mixing the crushed fructus momordicae, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana in the step (1) according to the mass ratio, wherein the mixture is prepared by mixing the raw materials according to the material-liquid ratio of 1: adding distilled water at a ratio of 50 (m/v), soaking for 60min, extracting with water by ultrasonic intermittent treatment at 600W and 60 deg.C for 10min each time, standing for 5min, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min, standing for 5min, and performing cyclic extraction for 90 min; taking the water extract, centrifuging, taking the supernatant, concentrating, vacuum freeze drying, and pulverizing to obtain the water extract composition.
Example 2:
mixing raw materials including fructus momordicae, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana according to a ratio of 30: 25: 7: 8, the specific preparation method is the same as that of the example 1.
Example 3:
the raw materials of fructus momordicae, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana are mixed according to the weight ratio of 35: 20: 8: 7, the specific preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative examples a 1-13:
the raw materials of momordica grosvenori, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana are prepared into water extract compositions according to different mass ratios (the concrete preparation ratio is shown in table 1), and the concrete preparation method is the same as that of example 1.
TABLE 1
Examples 4-6 and comparative examples B1-3:
a preparation method of bitter gourd health food for assisting in reducing blood sugar comprises the following steps: (1) pretreatment of raw materials: selecting fructus Siraitiae Grosvenorii, Mori fructus, stigma Maydis and sweet stevia, screening, cleaning, and pulverizing respectively; (2) preparation of the aqueous extract composition: mixing corn stigma, fructus momordicae and mulberry in a proportion of 35: 23: 7: 5 (namely adopting the formula and the preparation method of the embodiment 1) to prepare the water extract composition of the grosvenor momordica fruit, the mulberry, the corn silk and the stevia rebaudiana; preparing the balsam pear alcohol extract: (3) preparing the balsam pear alcohol extract: taking the crushed bitter gourd raw material, pretreating, drying and crushing, wherein the ratio of the material to the liquid is 1: adding 80 wt% ethanol at a ratio of 30 (m/v), extracting with ethanol by ultrasonic intermittent treatment at 40 deg.C under 300W for 5min each time, standing for 5min, ultrasonic treating for 5min, standing for 5min, and circulating for 60 min; filtering to obtain filtrate, recovering ethanol, vacuum freeze drying the obtained paste, and pulverizing to obtain fructus Momordicae Charantiae ethanol extract; (4) according to the parts by weight, the balsam pear alcohol extract and the water extract composition of the momordica grosvenori, the mulberry, the corn stigma and the stevia rebaudiana (in a specific proportion as shown in the table 2) are taken, mixed, packaged and sterilized to obtain the balsam pear beverage.
TABLE 2
Experiment design:
the blood sugar reducing effect of the health food is proved by the following fasting blood sugar reducing experiment.
The material and the method are as follows:
selecting experimental animals: more than 140 healthy Kunming mice (20 +/-2 g) are selected, 1 blank control group, 1 model control group, 1 positive drug control group and administration group (comprising 6 example groups, 13 comparative example A groups and 3 comparative example B groups) are set, and 10 mice per group are set.
Fasting blood glucose reduction test:
mice were selected and grouped according to fasting blood glucose levels for 3-5 hours as a blank control group. Except for a blank control group, the rest mice are fasted for 24 hours, are given alloxan 100mg/kg for intraperitoneal injection, are continuously given feed for feeding for 5 days after injection, are fasted for 3-5 hours after injection, and are measured for blood sugar, and the blood sugar value of 10-25mmol/L is the animal success in the hyperglycemic model. Selecting hyperglycemia model animals to be grouped according to the blood sugar level after fasting for 3-5 hours, wherein the test samples with corresponding formulas are respectively gavaged and administered to the groups of examples/comparative examples A/comparative examples B, the administration dosage is 0.5g/kg, and the gavage administration is carried out at the same volume once a day; the model control group is administrated with the same volume of solvent for intragastric administration once a day; the positive drug control group is administered with metformin, the administration dose is 0.5g/kg, and the administration is performed by intragastric administration at the same volume once a day. The administration was continued for 32 days. At the end of the test, animals in each group were fasted for 4 hours and fasting blood glucose was measured. The results are shown in Table 3.
Results of the experiment
The examples were compared with the control and comparative examples for verification. The results are shown in Table 3:
TABLE 3
| Number of | Dosage (g/kg) | Fasting blood glucose level (mmol/L) | |
| Blank control group | 10 | — | 5.68±0.36 |
| Model control group | 10 | — | 16.71±1.96 |
| Positive drug control group | 10 | 0.5 | 8.41±0.91 |
| Example 1 | 5 | 0.5 | 8.70±1.36 |
| Example 2 | 5 | 0.5 | 8.89±0.78 |
| Example 3 | 5 | 0.5 | 8.95±1.02 |
| Example 4 | 5 | 0.5 | 8.23±0.83 |
| Example 5 | 5 | 0.5 | 8.02±0.44 |
| Example 6 | 5 | 0.5 | 8.11±0.41 |
| Comparative example A1 | 5 | 0.5 | 12.98±0.99 |
| Comparative example A2 | 5 | 0.5 | 13.45±1.03 |
| Comparative example A3 | 5 | 0.5 | 13.20±0.91 |
| Comparative example A4 | 5 | 0.5 | 13.14±1.28 |
| Comparative example A5 | 5 | 0.5 | 11.36±1.43 |
| Comparative example A6 | 5 | 0.5 | 11.50±0.56 |
| Comparative example A7 | 5 | 0.5 | 12.10±1.38 |
| Comparative example A8 | 5 | 0.5 | 11.10±0.86 |
| Comparative example A9 | 5 | 0.5 | 12.21±0.84 |
| Comparative example A10 | 5 | 0.5 | 13.00±1.07 |
| Comparative example A11 | 5 | 0.5 | 11.01±1.39 |
| Comparative example A12 | 5 | 0.5 | 11.07±1.18 |
| Comparative example A13 | 5 | 0.5 | 10.95±1.20 |
| Comparative example B1 | 5 | 0.5 | 10.32±1.20 |
| Comparative example B2 | 5 | 0.5 | 8.70±1.36 |
| Comparative example B3 | 5 | 0.5 | 9.59±1.05 |
The mechanism of tetraoxypyrimidine causing diabetes is that the tetraoxypyrimidine causing diabetes is a specific islet beta cell poison which can selectively damage islet beta cells of normal mice, so that insulin secretion in a body is insufficient, and blood sugar is continuously and stably increased to cause diabetes. Therefore, as can be seen from the results of measuring the fasting blood glucose values in table 3, the examples and comparative examples in which different dosage formulations were added to the fasting blood glucose values have lower fasting blood glucose values than the model control group to which no dosage was added, which indicates that they have significant hypoglycemic effects on mice hyperglycemia caused by alloxan, and suggests that they may have protective effects on insulin β cells, improve insulin secretion defects, and promote insulin β cells to secrete insulin for hypoglycemic effects.
But the quantitative effects of the different formulations were different, wherein the hypoglycemic effects of examples 1-6 of the present invention were equal to or better than those of the positive control group, the effect of the comparative example A/B is worse than that of the positive control group (except for the comparative example B2, the formula of which is the same as that of the example 1), and the auxiliary blood sugar reducing effect of the examples 4-6 is better than that of the examples 1-3 on the whole, which shows that the water extract composition prepared by matching the four raw materials of the momordica grosvenori, the mulberry, the corn silk and the stevia rebaudiana and the compound of the water extract composition and the balsam pear alcohol extract have certain synergistic action, it is not a simple additive effect, for example, it is significantly better than the comparative example in quantitative data, and as the actual effect achieved may be significantly different even if the composition of the raw materials is the same in kind but the ratio is different from the example group (for example, comparative example B3).
By integrating the experimental results, through analysis of variance of data, the decrease of the measured fasting blood glucose value of the bitter gourd health food has statistical significance, and the experimental result of the embodiment group for decreasing fasting blood glucose is judged to be positive, so that the bitter gourd health food has a significant auxiliary blood glucose decreasing effect; compared with the single use of each raw material and other combination proportions, the formula of the invention has a synergistic effect, and the effect of assisting in reducing blood sugar is achieved, which is beyond the expectation of the technical personnel in the field.
Claims (4)
1. A preparation method of bitter gourd health food for assisting in reducing blood sugar is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: taking bitter gourd, fructus momordicae, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana, screening and cleaning raw materials, and then respectively crushing;
(2) preparation of the aqueous extract composition: taking the crushed fructus momordicae, mulberry, corn stigma and stevia rebaudiana in the step (1), and mixing the raw materials according to the weight ratio of 35: 23: 7: 5, mixing the components in a mass ratio of 1: adding distilled water at a ratio of 30-60 (m/v), soaking for 30-60min, performing ultrasonic intermittent treatment during water extraction, treating for 5-10min each time at 40-80 deg.C under 800W at 500-; taking the water extract, centrifuging, taking the supernatant, concentrating, vacuum freeze drying, and pulverizing to obtain water extract composition;
(3) preparing the balsam pear alcohol extract: taking the crushed bitter gourd raw material obtained in the step (1), pretreating, drying and crushing, wherein the ratio of material to liquid is 1: adding 50-90 wt% ethanol at a ratio of 20-40 (m/v), extracting with ethanol by ultrasonic intermittent treatment at 30-50 deg.C under 400W at 200-; filtering to obtain filtrate, recovering ethanol, vacuum freeze drying the obtained paste, and pulverizing to obtain fructus Momordicae Charantiae ethanol extract;
(4) and (3) taking 30-40 parts by weight of the water extract composition of the momordica grosvenori, the mulberry, the corn stigma and the stevia rebaudiana obtained in the step (2) and 60-70 parts by weight of the momordica charantia alcohol extract obtained in the step (3), mixing, packaging and sterilizing to obtain the momordica charantia wine.
2. The preparation method of the bitter gourd health food for assisting in reducing blood sugar according to claim 1, wherein in the step (4), 35 parts of the water extract composition of the momordica grosvenori, the mulberry, the corn silk and the stevia rebaudiana obtained in the step (2) and 65 parts of the alcohol extract of the bitter gourd obtained in the step (3) are taken.
3. The preparation method of the bitter gourd health food for assisting in reducing blood sugar according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the water extract composition in the step (2) comprises the following steps: mixing the crushed fructus momordicae, corn stigma, stevia rebaudiana and mulberry obtained in the step (1), wherein the mixture is prepared according to a material-liquid ratio of 1: adding distilled water at a ratio of 50 (m/v), soaking for 60min, extracting with water by ultrasonic intermittent treatment at 600W and 60 deg.C for 10min each time, standing for 5min, performing ultrasonic treatment for 10min, standing for 5min, and performing cyclic extraction for 90 min; taking the water extract, centrifuging, taking the supernatant, concentrating, vacuum freeze drying, and pulverizing to obtain the water extract composition.
4. The preparation method of the bitter gourd health food for assisting in reducing blood sugar according to claim 1, wherein the preparation of the bitter gourd alcohol extract in the step (3): taking the crushed bitter gourd raw material obtained in the step (1), pretreating, drying and crushing, wherein the ratio of material to liquid is 1: adding 80 wt% ethanol at a ratio of 30 (m/v), extracting with ethanol by ultrasonic intermittent treatment at 40 deg.C under 300W for 5min each time, standing for 5min, ultrasonic treating for 5min, standing for 5min, and circulating for 60 min; filtering to obtain filtrate, recovering ethanol, vacuum freeze drying the obtained paste, and pulverizing to obtain fructus Momordicae Charantiae ethanol extract.
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