CN108935460B - Weeding composition for preventing and controlling harmful weeds in corn growing area and application thereof - Google Patents

Weeding composition for preventing and controlling harmful weeds in corn growing area and application thereof Download PDF

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CN108935460B
CN108935460B CN201810750196.4A CN201810750196A CN108935460B CN 108935460 B CN108935460 B CN 108935460B CN 201810750196 A CN201810750196 A CN 201810750196A CN 108935460 B CN108935460 B CN 108935460B
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corn
methyl
herbicide
weeds
composition
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CN108935460A (en
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叶非
付颖
赵李霞
高爽
吴世龙
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Northeast Agricultural University
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N25/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators, characterised by their forms, or by their non-active ingredients or by their methods of application, e.g. seed treatment or sequential application; Substances for reducing the noxious effect of the active ingredients to organisms other than pests
    • A01N25/32—Ingredients for reducing the noxious effect of the active substances to organisms other than pests, e.g. toxicity reducing compositions, self-destructing compositions
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01N—PRESERVATION OF BODIES OF HUMANS OR ANIMALS OR PLANTS OR PARTS THEREOF; BIOCIDES, e.g. AS DISINFECTANTS, AS PESTICIDES OR AS HERBICIDES; PEST REPELLANTS OR ATTRACTANTS; PLANT GROWTH REGULATORS
    • A01N47/00—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid
    • A01N47/08—Biocides, pest repellants or attractants, or plant growth regulators containing organic compounds containing a carbon atom not being member of a ring and having no bond to a carbon or hydrogen atom, e.g. derivatives of carbonic acid the carbon atom having one or more single bonds to nitrogen atoms
    • A01N47/28—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N<
    • A01N47/36—Ureas or thioureas containing the groups >N—CO—N< or >N—CS—N< containing the group >N—CO—N< directly attached to at least one heterocyclic ring; Thio analogues thereof

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  • Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
  • General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Wood Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
  • Plant Pathology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
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  • Agronomy & Crop Science (AREA)
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Abstract

The invention relates to a method forA weeding composition for preventing and controlling harmful weeds in a corn growing area and application thereof. The weeding composition comprises a safener A and an active ingredient B with a weeding effective amount as effective ingredients, wherein the safener A: phenyl-substituted oxazole isoxazole carboxamides of the formula:

Description

Weeding composition for preventing and controlling harmful weeds in corn growing area and application thereof
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of herbicides, in particular to a weeding composition for preventing and treating harmful weeds in a corn growing area and application thereof.
Background
With the development of economy and society, the number of world population is continuously increased in a well-spraying manner for 30 years, and the world population breaks through the 73 billion customs in 2016. The arable area in the world is continuously reduced along with the reasons of environmental deterioration, water and soil loss and the like. The improvement of grain yield by effectively preventing and killing farmland weeds and reducing agricultural loss becomes a hot topic of research in the agricultural field at present. Sulfonylurea herbicides are the most widely used and most diversified herbicides in the world today, have the advantages of high activity, low toxicity, low dosage, high selectivity and the like, have the action target of acetolactate synthase (ALS) which is an essential enzyme in the process of synthesizing amino acid in plants, and have the function of killing weeds by preventing biosynthesis of branched chain amino acid and further preventing DNA synthesis during cell division so that cells cannot grow normally. In the world pesticide market, sulfonylurea herbicides, as one of the most important herbicide varieties in the market, account for up to 12% of the herbicide market share. The sulfonylurea herbicide has special effect on preventing and controlling perennial weeds or annual weeds, so that the sulfonylurea herbicide can be applied to preventing and controlling weeds in gardens, paddy fields, non-cultivated lands and dry lands. Among them, the novel sulfonylurea herbicide halosulfuron-methyl developed by the Nissan chemical industry Co., Ltd and Monsanto company was registered in the United states in 1994, and registered in China in 2013, and has attracted much attention due to its characteristics of high activity, high selectivity and the like.
In recent years, with the use of the halosulfuron-methyl in farmland, the harm of halosulfuron-methyl to crops and environment is also obvious. The safety of the halosulfuron-methyl to different corn varieties is researched by adopting an indoor pesticide bioassay method, and the obvious difference of the safety of the halosulfuron-methyl to different corn varieties is found. The drug resistance of part of corn varieties is high, the inhibition effect is not obvious, but some varieties are sensitive, and the inhibition rate of the plant height reaches about 10%. When halosulfuron-methyl is used for treating corn varieties such as Yu 7, Wuyue 18, sweet corn, nong 0638 and Huanuo 1 which have larger seeding quantity at present, the growth of the corn of the varieties is inhibited, the yellowing phenomenon of leaves occurs, and new leaves twist and grow. A study in Ontario, Canada also shows that halosulfuron-methyl has obvious inhibition on the plant height, the cob size and the yield of the maize of the Empire variety.
In order to solve the problem of phytotoxicity caused by halosulfuron-methyl, it is an effective method to develop safeners for halosulfuron-methyl in addition to the development of novel herbicide varieties. Herbicide safeners (antidotes, antagonists or protectants) are chemical substances that increase the ability of crops (but not weeds) to detoxify herbicides. Safeners are commonly applied by seed treatment (e.g., for sorghum), water treatment (for rice), or as a spray formulation with herbicides and other adjuvants, followed by spraying (for corn and other cereal crop fields). The herbicide safener has the function of enabling the herbicide to show selectivity in the field of crops with weeds to avoid mistakenly killing the crops. The mixed application of different herbicides and corresponding safeners is the best method for improving the selectivity of the herbicides, and the novel mixed application method achieves the aims of enhancing the drug resistance of crops and reducing the phytotoxicity of the herbicides on the crops on the premise of high-efficiency weeding. Therefore, it is necessary to find a novel halosulfuron-methyl safener with high protection activity for corn fields to cope with the phytotoxicity of halosulfuron-methyl.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims at a corn crop field, and provides a weeding composition for preventing and controlling harmful weeds in a corn growing area and application thereof, wherein the weeding composition does not cause phytotoxicity to crops while preventing and controlling weeds.
The weeding composition is realized by adopting the following technical scheme:
a herbicidal composition for controlling harmful weeds in corn growing areas, comprising a safener component A and a herbicidally effective amount of an active ingredient component B as active ingredients,
and (2) component A: phenyl-substituted oxazole isoxazole carboxamides of the formula:
Figure BDA0001725356900000021
R1is hydrogen or halogen;
R2is hydrogen or halogen;
R3is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms;
R4is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
R5is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms;
R6is hydrogen, methyl, phenyl or α -substituted heterocyclyl;
and (B) component: halosulfuron-methyl;
wherein the weight ratio of effective amounts of the components A and B is 1-4: 1-5.
The invention also has the following technical characteristics:
1. a herbicidal composition for controlling harmful weeds in areas where corn is growing, comprising a herbicidal composition as described above and an adjuvant component C, which comprises an effective amount of component A, B, C in a weight ratio of 1-4: 1-5: 2-7.
2. The herbicide composition comprises the component C auxiliary agent which comprises one or more of a carrier, an emulsifier, a dispersant, a disintegrant, a thickening agent, a wetting agent, a film forming agent, an antifoaming agent, an antifreezing agent and a coloring agent.
3. The herbicide composition is a wettable powder, an emulsifiable solution, a suspending agent, water dispersible granules or a seed coating agent.
3. Use of a herbicidal composition as described above for controlling harmful weeds when applied to an area where corn is growing.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects:
the composition can effectively control most weeds in a corn field, basically has no damage to crops, is not easy to cause secondary phytotoxicity, and contains a safener which can effectively avoid the phytotoxicity of the halosulfuron-methyl herbicide to the corn. Compared with a single herbicide, the herbicide composition has the advantages that the herbicide control spectrum is expanded, the problem of phytotoxicity caused by the halosulfuron-methyl herbicide is avoided, the occurrence of drug resistance of weeds can be delayed, and the herbicide composition is safe for corn. The performance of the herbicidal compositions of the present invention significantly exceeds the state of the art.
Detailed Description
Example 1
The invention provides a weeding composition containing phenyl-substituted oxazole isoxazole formamide compounds and halosulfuron-methyl, which comprises a safener, a herbicide and an auxiliary agent with weeding effective amount.
The herbicidal composition of the present invention comprises an effective amount of
A) A detoxifying effective amount of a safener of formula I
Figure BDA0001725356900000031
R1Is hydrogen or halogen;
R2is hydrogen or halogen;
R3is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms;
R4is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
R5is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms;
R6hydrogen, methyl, phenyl or a heterocyclic substituent at position α.
B) Halosulfuron-methyl.
C) The auxiliary agent is characterized by comprising one or more of a carrier, an emulsifier, a dispersant, a disintegrant, a thickening agent, a wetting agent, a film forming agent, a defoaming agent, an antifreezing agent and a coloring agent.
The weight ratio of the component A, B, C is 1-4: 1-5: 2-7.
The component C auxiliary agent used in the invention comprises one or more of a carrier, an emulsifier, a dispersant, a disintegrating agent, a thickening agent, a wetting agent, a film forming agent, a defoaming agent, an antifreezing agent and a coloring agent, and is all various components commonly used in pesticides, and is not particularly limited, and the specific components and the dosage are determined through experiments according to the formula requirements.
Liquid carriers suitable for preparing the herbicidal compositions of the present invention include water, aliphatic hydrocarbons (n-hexane), aromatic hydrocarbons (benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene), alcohols (ethanol), esters (ethyl acetate), and the like.
Suitable solid carriers for the herbicidal compositions of the present invention are gypsum, diatomaceous earth, bentonite, kaolin, clay, white carbon black, calcium carbonate, bark powder, nut shell powder, corn cob powder, and the like.
The preferable preparation formulation of the invention is missible oil, wettable powder, suspending agent, water dispersible granules and seed coating agent.
For wettable powders, the skilled worker can carry out the invention using the corresponding auxiliaries. The auxiliaries which can be used are: one or more of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, polycarboxylate, vegetable oil ethylene oxide adduct or aralkyl polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde polymer sulfate is used as a dispersing agent; one or more of alkyl sulfate, lignosulfonate, saponin or sulfite pulp as a wetting agent; diatomite or kaolin is used as a carrier. For emulsifiable concentrates, the person skilled in the art can carry out the invention using the corresponding auxiliaries. The auxiliaries which can be used are: one or more of phenol derivative ethoxylate, phenol derivative ethoxylation propoxylate, calcium dodecylbenzene sulfonate, polyether sulfate, phenethyl phenol polyoxyethylene ether and ethoxylated castor oil are used as the emulsifier. For suspending agents, the skilled person can use the corresponding auxiliaries to complete the invention. The auxiliaries which can be used are: one or more of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, polycarboxylate, vegetable oil ethylene oxide adduct or aralkyl polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde polymer sulfate is used as a dispersing agent; one or more of castor oil polyoxyethylene ether, polyol fatty acid ester, alkyl benzene sulfonate or agricultural emulsion 2201 is used as an emulsifier; one or more of alkyl sulfate, lignosulfonate, saponin or sulfite pulp as a wetting agent; one or more of gelatin, guar gum, arabic gum, xanthan gum, magnesium aluminum silicate, diatomite or sodium carboxymethylcellulose as a thickening agent; one or more defoaming agents of silicones or fatty acids; glycerol is used as an antifreeze. For the water dispersible particles, one or more of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, polycarboxylate, vegetable oil epoxy ethane adduct or aralkyl polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde polymer sulfate is used as a dispersing agent; one or more of alkyl sulfate, lignosulfonate, saponin or sulfite pulp as a wetting agent; sodium chloride as a disintegrant; diatomite or kaolin is used as a carrier.
For seed coatings, the person skilled in the art can carry out the invention using the corresponding auxiliaries. One or more of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, polycarboxylate, vegetable oil ethylene oxide adduct or aralkyl polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde polymer sulfate is used as a dispersing agent; one or more of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol series and polyvinylpyrrolidone are used as film forming agents; one or more of xanthan gum, sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are used as thickening agents; alkaline rose essence is used as coloring agent.
The herbicidal compositions of the present invention may be used in areas where the following crops are cultivated: a corn crop.
In addition, the invention can well delay the appearance of resistant weeds.
The invention also aims to provide a weed control method using the weeding composition, which comprises the step of applying the weeding composition to crops for cultivation and areas where harmful plants grow.
Specifically, the weed control method of the present invention is to determine the amount of the herbicidal composition to be used according to the actual area of the cultivated crop to which the herbicide is to be applied and the occurrence of weeds, to select an arbitrary formulation, to dilute the formulation to a certain concentration, and to spray the diluted formulation on the cultivated area of the crop. The application method refers to any effective common method for applying pesticides, including but not limited to powder spraying, fumigation, soil treatment, and the like.
The method of the invention is most preferably used for controlling weeds in areas where crops are cultivated or are to be used for crop cultivation. When the herbicide is used in a crop growing area, the application amount is enough to control weeds, but no obvious damage is caused to crops, the yield and the quality of the crops can be improved, and the herbicide has important use value.
The herbicidal compositions of the present invention are suitable for, but not limited to, pre-emergence, post-emergence, seed soaking, and the like application methods.
Example 2: 10% safener A and 40% halosulfuron-methyl wettable powder
Weight ratio of
Figure BDA0001725356900000051
The components are mixed according to a certain proportion and crushed by an ultrafine crusher to obtain the weeding composition wettable powder.
Example 3: 20% of safener B and 20% of halosulfuron-methyl emulsifiable concentrate
Weight ratio of
Figure BDA0001725356900000052
The components are mixed according to a certain proportion and stirred uniformly to obtain the weeding composite missible oil.
Example 4: 20% safener C + 20% halosulfuron-methyl water dispersible granule
Weight ratio of
Figure BDA0001725356900000053
The components are mixed and crushed according to the proportion, and are extruded, granulated and dried after being wetted by water, so as to prepare the weeding composition water dispersible granule with the particle size of 2-6 mm.
Example 5: 20% safener D + 20% halosulfuron-methyl missible oil
Weight ratio of
Figure BDA0001725356900000054
The components are mixed according to a certain proportion and stirred uniformly to obtain the weeding composite missible oil.
Example 6: 10% of safener E and 20% of halosulfuron-methyl suspending agent
Weight ratio of
Figure BDA0001725356900000061
Example 7: 40% of safener F and 30% of halosulfuron-methyl seed coating agent
Weight ratio of
Figure BDA0001725356900000062
The components are mixed and ground according to the proportion to obtain the weeding composition seed coating agent.
For seed coatings, the person skilled in the art can carry out the invention using the corresponding auxiliaries. One or more of alkyl naphthalene sulfonate, polycarboxylate, vegetable oil ethylene oxide adduct or aralkyl polyoxyethylene ether formaldehyde polymer sulfate is used as a dispersing agent; one or more of polyvinyl acetate emulsion, polyvinyl alcohol, polyacrylamide, polyethylene glycol series and polyvinylpyrrolidone are used as film forming agents; one or more of xanthan gum, sodium alginate and sodium carboxymethyl cellulose are used as thickening agents; alkaline rose essence is used as coloring agent.
In the above formulation examples 2 to 7, different formulations of the herbicidal composition containing the phenyl-substituted isoxazole carboxamide compound and halosulfuron-methyl as the active ingredients according to the present invention are disclosed, but the present invention is not limited to the above examples, and in other possible examples, the ratio of the active ingredients of the herbicidal composition and the preparation conditions can be adjusted accordingly.
Example 8
Examples of biological Activity test
Pre-emergence test:
test plants were sown in seedling pots (diameter 8cm, depth 12cm) under greenhouse conditions using standard soil as a culture medium, and covered with soil having a thickness of 0.5 cm. In the pre-emergence stage, the herbicidal composition is applied to the soil surface. The amount depends on the optimum concentration determined under greenhouse conditions. The test was evaluated after 2-4 weeks (100% effect: complete death of the plant; 0% effect: no phytotoxic effect). The herbicidal compositions used in this test showed good results.
And (3) post-emergence test:
weeding tests against different types of weeds
Preparing five reagents according to certain weight percentages:
1. safener a (3- (2 ' -fluoro-6 ' -chloro-phenyl) -4- (2 ' -cyclopentyl-1 ', 3 ' -oxazole) -5-methyl-isoxazolecarboxamide) + halosulfuron-methyl;
2. safener B (3-phenyl-4- (2 ' -cyclohexyl-1 ', 3 ' -oxazole) -5-methyl-isoxazolecarboxamide) + halosulfuron-methyl;
3. safener C (3- (phenyl) -4- (2 ', 2' -dipropyl-1 ', 3' -oxazole) -5-methyl-isoxazolecarboxamide) + halosulfuron-methyl;
4. safener D (3-phenyl 4- (2 '-methyl-2' -ethyl-1 ', 3' -oxazole) -5-methyl-isoxazolecarboxamide) + halosulfuron-methyl;
5. safener E (3-phenyl 4- (2 '-methyl-2' -isobutyl-1 ', 3' -oxazole) -5-methyl-isoxazolecarboxamide) + halosulfuron-methyl;
6. safener F (3- (2 ' -fluorophenyl) -4- (2 ' - (4 ' -methylcyclohexyl) -1 ', 3 ' -oxazole) -5-methyl-isoxazolecarboxamide) + halosulfuron-methyl. After the above reagents are diluted with water for a certain time, the weeding effects on the rice barnyard grass, the moleplant seed, the monochoria vaginalis, the edible tulip, the strange lettuce and the abnormal sedge are respectively observed.
The test method comprises the following steps: 300g of standard soil is filled in a seedling pot (the diameter is 8cm, the depth is 12cm), standing is carried out after water is added, weed seeds are sown after 2 days, 0.5cm of soil is covered, and water is added for planting for a period of time. When the weeds grew to 3-4 leaves, the herbicidal composition was applied as a spray to the test weeds, at an amount depending on the optimum concentration determined under greenhouse conditions. The test was evaluated after 5 weeks (100% effect: complete death of the plant; 0% effect: no phytotoxic effect). The herbicidal compositions used in this test showed good results.
Table of herbicidal Effect observed after 5 weeks of treatment
Figure BDA0001725356900000071
Figure BDA0001725356900000081
According to the test results, the weeding composition has obvious weeding effect under the condition of low use amount, and has good control effect on weeds.
Example 9
Safety effect on crops
The test crops were cultivated in seedling pots (diameter 8cm, depth 12cm) to the 4-leaf stage under greenhouse conditions, and the herbicidal composition was applied to the test crops (corn) in the form of a spray, in an amount depending on the optimum concentration determined under greenhouse conditions. The test was evaluated after 5 weeks (100% effect: complete death of the crop; 0% effect: no toxic effect on the crop).
The specific cases are as follows:
crop injury (%)
Safener A + halosulfuron-methyl 3.5
Safener B + halosulfuron-methyl amine 5.4
Safener C + halosulfuron-methyl 4.7
Safener D + halosulfuron-methyl 2.1
Safener E + halosulfuron-methyl 3.7
Safener F + halosulfuron-methyl 4.0
According to the test results, the weeding composition has good protection effect on crops, and does not cause obvious phytotoxicity.

Claims (5)

1. A herbicidal composition for controlling harmful weeds in areas where corn is growing, comprising a safener component A and a herbicidally effective amount of an active ingredient component B as active ingredients, characterized in that:
and (2) component A: phenyl-substituted oxazole isoxazole carboxamides of the formula:
Figure FDA0001725356890000011
R1is hydrogen or halogen;
R2is hydrogen or halogen;
R3is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms;
R4is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms or cycloalkyl having 1 to 6 carbon atoms;
R5is hydrogen or alkyl having 1 to 3 carbon atoms;
R6is hydrogen, methyl, phenyl or α -substituted heterocyclyl;
a herbicidally effective amount of an active ingredient component B: halosulfuron-methyl;
wherein the weight ratio of effective amounts of the components A and B is 1-4: 1-5.
2. A herbicidal composition for controlling harmful weeds in areas where corn is growing, comprising the herbicidal composition of claim 1 and an adjuvant component C comprising an effective amount of component A, B, C in a weight ratio of 1 to 4: 1-5: 2-7.
3. A herbicidal composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that its component C adjuvant comprises one or more of carriers, emulsifiers, dispersants, disintegrants, thickeners, wetting agents, film formers, defoamers, antifreeze agents and colorants.
4. A herbicidal composition according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the composition is in the form of a wettable powder, an emulsifiable concentrate, a suspension, water dispersible granules or a seed coating.
5. Use of the herbicidal composition according to claim 1 or 2 for controlling harmful weeds when applied to an area where corn grows.
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