CN108935242A - A kind of producing method for seed of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp - Google Patents
A kind of producing method for seed of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp Download PDFInfo
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- CN108935242A CN108935242A CN201811116410.7A CN201811116410A CN108935242A CN 108935242 A CN108935242 A CN 108935242A CN 201811116410 A CN201811116410 A CN 201811116410A CN 108935242 A CN108935242 A CN 108935242A
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- grass carp
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01K—ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; CARE OF BIRDS, FISHES, INSECTS; FISHING; REARING OR BREEDING ANIMALS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; NEW BREEDS OF ANIMALS
- A01K61/00—Culture of aquatic animals
- A01K61/10—Culture of aquatic animals of fish
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A40/00—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production
- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of producing method for seed of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp, the antenatal cultivation of selection, parent including parent, the hastening parturition, be fertilized of parent, 5 steps of hatching of fry.The present invention provides the producing method for seed of the full and accurate intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp of complete set, and strong operability, suitability are good, simple and effective；The present invention picks different grass carp groups or strain in the high kind of the genetic purity with merit, it can avoid the mating of close relative, obtain heterogeneous zygote, show hybrid vigour, it cultivates and has both parents' merit in the cross combination of one, reduce the injures and deaths of parent, the economic benefit of grass carp cultivation is helped to improve, realizes the sustainable development of China grass carp aquaculture.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fish hybridization technical fields, specifically, being a kind of producing method for seed of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp.
Background technique
Grass carp is that China's fresh water dominates cultured fishes, is highest fish of cultured output in the world.China Fisheries count year
Mirror display, 5,900,000 tons of China's grass carp cultured output in 2016 account for the 18.5% of China's freshwater aquiculture yield, wide for China every year
Large village resident provides a large amount of high-quality protein sources.Grass carp NATURAL DISTRIBUTION is in China the Changjiang river, the Zhujiang River, Heillongjiang River system, wherein growing
River Drainage germ plasm resource is the abundantest.
Hybridization is to carry out the important method of germplasm innovation, can viability that is rapid and significantly improving filial generation.In fish
In it is widely used be the hybrid vigour between different cultivars or between Different population utilization.Genetic structure research hair
Existing, due to the influence of geographic isolation, significant genetic variation and genetic differentiation is had occurred in China the Changjiang river, the Zhujiang River, three water system grass carp of Heilungkiang.Pass through
Three water system diallel crosses have filtered out ChangJiang River Hanjiang group (female parent) × Pearl River system Zhaoqing group (male parent
This) the outstanding combination of grass carp, it is found that the combination has the apparent speed of growth fast, the hybrid vigour of high survival rate.Grass carp belongs to height
Reproductive capacity species, for every tail grass carp fish brood amount up to 50~1,500,000, be heterosis, hybrid vigor in production is extensive using providing item
Part.But the utilization of fish hybrid vigour can only utilize a generation, every Dai Douxu production of hybrid seeds again.During the production of hybrid seeds, traditionally fish
The method that class hybridization all uses artificial insemination, and grass carp parent individual is big, easy damaged, it is necessary to put into a large amount of manpower and object
Power, while will also increase the death rate of hybrid parent, lead to serious economic loss.
Chinese patent literature CN105409838A discloses the hybridizing method of a kind of grass carp and black carp, including operates step as follows
It is rapid: to place water shield in fish pond, fish pond is divided into multiple units with plastic wire, 8-11 DEG C of water temperature, the water in fish pond is recirculated water；
Female parent selects local black carp, and male parent selects local grass carp, and black carp weight is 13 kilograms -15 kilograms, and grass carp weight is 12 kilogram -13
Kilogram, place a grass carp and black carp respectively in each unit；It is infused again after injecting carp hypophysis two, one day to maternal black carp
Penetrate 80；Hypophysis 20 are injected to male parent grass carp, injects 3000 unit of hormone, next day carries out artificial insemination；It is launched during hybridization
Feed be maize alcohol stillage, each unit launches 500-600 grams of vinasse daily；Using the above method, fish-egg five is once just obtained
100000 tails are cultivated to obtain Hybrid Grass black carp, the grass black carp fine and tender taste, delicious, and meat is biased to black carp, and figure is biased to grass
Fish, premunition is strong, easily cultivates.But since rate of fertilization is low, hatching number of emerging is few, distant hybrids exist centainly in practical applications
Limitation and difficulty.Chinese patent literature CN 104365513B discloses the full and accurate catfish genus cross breeding side of complete set
Method, this method include inspection, artificial insemination, artificial incubation and hybridization fish before Juvenile stage, parent culture, parent hasten parturition, inseminate
Seedling cultivates 7 continuous steps, and the method strong operability, suitability are good, simple and effective；The invention belongs to interior kind not by catfish
Efficient hybridization between same, merit difference and two complementary catfish populations, cultivates and has both parents' merit in one
The hybrid new breed of body, growing way, adaptability, digestibility, premunition, in terms of be significantly improved, have
The economic benefit for helping improve catfish culture, enhances the market competitiveness of catfish meat products, pushes social development and the section in China
The sustainable development of China's catfish culture industry is realized in skill progress.But the system about intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp of the invention
Kind method, yet there are no report.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to aiming at the shortcomings in the prior art, provide a kind of production of hybrid seeds side of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp
Method is based on this method, provides technical support for cross combination being widely used in grass carp production.
To achieve the goals above, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is that:
A kind of producing method for seed of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp, comprising the following steps:
1) selection of parent: pick out that sexal maturity feature is obvious, disease-free and injury-free, sign is good, age phase from parent pond
The water-based female grass carps of difference same, that genetic purity is high and male grass carp are respectively as the maternal parent population of intraspecific hybridization and male parent parent
Fish；
2) the antenatal cultivation of parent: parent being placed in same parent pond and carries out antenatal cultivation, and antenatal cultivation is with green grass
Based on feed, supplemented by concentrated feed, autumn and winter because forage is less, mainly feeds soya-bean cake, based on rapeseed cake, and day feeding volume control exists
The 2-3% of parent population weight, spring and summer season feed after green grass feed and concentrated feed, the especially beginning of spring based on green grass feed, and essence is raised
Supplemented by material, day feeding volume, the 20% of greenfeed about percentage of liveweight, the 2-3% of concentrated feed about percentage of liveweight；
3) parent hastens parturition: second year sampling check, raun abdomen expand, soft and flexible, and milter gently squeezes abdomen
Portion just can squeeze out milky sperm, illustrate that gonad development of parents is good, and manual injection's hormone solution accelerates the ripening；
4) be fertilized: female male parent is placed in spawning pond, and natural fertilization obtains fertilized eggs；
5) hatching of fry: obtained fertilized eggs are placed in the circular hatching channal that water temperature is 20 DEG C -23 DEG C and carry out Lotic hatching,
After fry demoulding and whole are hatched, continue to cultivate in circular hatching channal, until the flat trip of fry point waist, has just obtained cross combination
Grass carps' fries.
As an optimal technical scheme of the invention, genetic purity height described in step 1) is that selected parent population is original seed grass
Fish or the parent population for passing through two generation family selective breedings.
As an optimal technical scheme of the invention, female grass carp described in step 1) and male grass carp are respectively Hanjiang
Group female grass carp and Zhaoqing group male grass carp.
As an optimal technical scheme of the invention, hormone described in step 3) is human chorionic gonadtropin analog
The mixture of LRH-A and dioxone DOM, injection volume are 5 μ g/Kg+DOM 3mg/Kg of LRH-A2.
As an optimal technical scheme of the invention, female male parent ratio is 1:1~1:1.5 in step 4).
As an optimal technical scheme of the invention, natural fertilization described in step 4) refer to the male grass carp hastened parturition with
Female grass carp heat is promoted to lay eggs, then with stimulation by running water, the essence until its next day smoothly lays eggs and produces.
Advantages of the present invention:
1, the present invention provides the producing method for seed of the full and accurate intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp of complete set, this method includes parent
Selection, the antenatal cultivation of parent, the hastening parturition of parent, inseminate and 5 step of hatching of fry, strong operability, suitability are good, simply have
Effect.
2, the present invention picks different grass carp groups or strain in the high kind of the genetic purity with merit, can avoid
The mating of close relative obtains heterogeneous zygote, shows hybrid vigour, cultivates and has both parents' merit in the hybridization group of one
It closes, reduces the injures and deaths of parent, help to improve the economic benefit of grass carp cultivation, realize the sustainability hair of China grass carp aquaculture
Exhibition.
Specific embodiment
The invention will be further elucidated with reference to specific embodiments.It should be understood that these embodiments are merely to illustrate this hair
It is bright rather than limit the scope of the invention；In addition, it should also be understood that, after having read the content of the invention recorded, art technology
Personnel can make various changes or modifications the present invention, and such equivalent forms equally fall within the application the appended claims and limited
Fixed range.
A kind of producing method for seed of the intraspecific hybridization of embodiment 1 combination grass carp
A kind of producing method for seed of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp, comprising the following steps:
1) selection of parent: in First Year December, seine is fished, the original saved from Ministry of Agriculture's grass carp genetic breeding center
40 tail Hanjiang group rauns and 7 ages in 7 ages are picked out in kind grass carp ChangJiang River Hanjiang group, Pearl River system Zhaoqing group respectively
50 tail Zhaoqing group milters, check discovery sexal maturity feature it is obvious, disease-free and injury-free, sign is good, these male and female parent populations are put
It supports and carries out special pond cultivation in one 5 mu of parent pond；
2) the antenatal cultivation of parent: parent being placed in same parent pond and carries out antenatal cultivation, and antenatal cultivation is with green grass
Based on feed, supplemented by concentrated feed, autumn and winter because forage is less, mainly feeds soya-bean cake, based on rapeseed cake, and day feeding volume control exists
The 2-3% of parent population weight, spring and summer season feed after green grass feed and concentrated feed, the especially beginning of spring based on green grass feed, and essence is raised
Supplemented by material, day feeding volume, the 20% of greenfeed about percentage of liveweight, the 2-3% of concentrated feed about percentage of liveweight；Pay attention to keeping water quality good
It is good, water oxygen level is sufficient, carry out feeding management work, especially in or so breeding period previous moon, daily with stimulation by running water,
Promote parent population gonadal maturation；
3) parent hastens parturition: the sampling check in May of second year, raun abdomen expand, soft and flexible, and milter is gently
Squeezing abdomen just can squeeze out milky sperm, illustrate that gonad development of parents is good, (the luteotropin release of manual injection's hormone solution
The mixture of hormone analogs LRH-A and dioxone, dosage are 5 μ g/Kg+DOM 3mg/Kg of LRH-A2) it accelerates the ripening；
4) be fertilized: it is 80m that all parent populations of hastening parturition, which are put into same water surface area,2In the spawning pond of left and right, with stimulation by running water,
Until its next day smoothly lays eggs and produce essence, its natural fertilization is allowed, just obtain fertilized eggs；
5) hatching of fry: obtained fertilized eggs are placed in the circular hatching channal that water temperature is 20 DEG C -23 DEG C and carry out Lotic hatching,
After fry demoulding and whole are hatched, continue to cultivate in circular hatching channal, until the flat trip of fry point waist, has just obtained cross combination
Grass carps' fries, rough estimates about 25,000,000.
The spawning rate of above-mentioned hybridization grass carp is 95.4%, rate of fertilization 95.7%, hatching rate 90%.
The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it is noted that for the ordinary skill people of the art
Member, under the premise of not departing from the method for the present invention, can also make several improvement and supplement, these are improved and supplement also should be regarded as
Protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of producing method for seed of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp, which is characterized in that the production of hybrid seeds side of the intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp
Method the following steps are included:
1) selection of parent: picked out from parent pond sexal maturity feature is obvious, disease-free and injury-free, sign is good, the age is identical, lose
Pass maternal parent population and male parent parent population of the water-based female grass carp of difference of purity is high with male grass carp respectively as intraspecific hybridization；
2) the antenatal cultivation of parent: parent being placed in same parent pond and carries out antenatal cultivation, and antenatal cultivation is with green grass feed
Based on, supplemented by concentrated feed, autumn and winter because forage is less, mainly feeds soya-bean cake, based on rapeseed cake, and day feeding volume is controlled in parent population
The 2-3% of weight, spring and summer season feed after green grass feed and concentrated feed, the especially beginning of spring based on green grass feed, and concentrated feed is
It is auxiliary, day feeding volume, the 20% of greenfeed about percentage of liveweight, the 2-3% of concentrated feed about percentage of liveweight；
3) parent hastens parturition: second year sampling check, raun abdomen expand, soft and flexible, and milter gently squeezes abdomen just
Milky sperm can be squeezed out, illustrates that gonad development of parents is good, manual injection's hormone solution accelerates the ripening；
4) be fertilized: female male parent is placed in spawning pond, and natural fertilization obtains fertilized eggs；
5) hatching of fry: obtained fertilized eggs are placed in the circular hatching channal that water temperature is 20 DEG C -23 DEG C and carry out Lotic hatching, to fish
After seedling demoulding and whole are hatched, continue to cultivate in circular hatching channal, until the flat trip of fry point waist, has just obtained cross combination grass carp
Fry.
2. the producing method for seed of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp according to claim 1, which is characterized in that lost described in step 1)
It passes purity is high and refers to that selected parent population is original seed grass carp or the parent population by two generation family selective breedings.
3. the producing method for seed of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp according to claim 1, which is characterized in that female described in step 1)
Property grass carp and male grass carp be respectively Hanjiang group female grass carp and Zhaoqing group male grass carp.
4. the producing method for seed of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp according to claim 1, which is characterized in that swash described in step 3)
Element is the mixture of human chorionic gonadtropin analog LRH-A and dioxone DOM, and injection volume is 5 μ g/Kg+DOM of LRH-A2
3mg/Kg。
5. the producing method for seed of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp according to claim 1, which is characterized in that male and female parent in step 4)
This ratio is 1:1~1:1.5.
6. the producing method for seed of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp according to claim 1, which is characterized in that described in step 4) certainly
So fertilization refers to the male grass carp hastened parturition to promote female grass carp heat to lay eggs, then with stimulation by running water, until its next day smoothly produces
Ovum and production essence.
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| CN201811116410.7A CN108935242A (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2018-09-25 | A kind of producing method for seed of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp |
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| CN201811116410.7A CN108935242A (en) | 2018-09-25 | 2018-09-25 | A kind of producing method for seed of intraspecific hybridization combination grass carp |
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Citations (3)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999041979A1 (en) * | 1998-02-19 | 1999-08-26 | Lonza Ag | Method for increasing the resistance of fish to the cold |
| CN101884314A (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2010-11-17 | 湖南师范大学 | Method for inter-subfamily distant hybridization of grass carp and megalobrama amblycephala |
| CN105941230A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-09-21 | 和县大成水产品养殖专业合作社 | Grass carp reproduction and breeding technology |
-
2018
- 2018-09-25 CN CN201811116410.7A patent/CN108935242A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1999041979A1 (en) * | 1998-02-19 | 1999-08-26 | Lonza Ag | Method for increasing the resistance of fish to the cold |
| CN101884314A (en) * | 2010-07-26 | 2010-11-17 | 湖南师范大学 | Method for inter-subfamily distant hybridization of grass carp and megalobrama amblycephala |
| CN105941230A (en) * | 2016-05-24 | 2016-09-21 | 和县大成水产品养殖专业合作社 | Grass carp reproduction and breeding technology |
Non-Patent Citations (4)
| Title |
|---|
| 任惠民: "《北方地区草鱼池塘健康养殖高产技术》", 30 September 2016 * |
| 宣云峰: "《草鱼种内杂交后代生长对比及健康养殖技术的研究》", 1 December 2010 * |
| 王鸿熙主编: "《中国水产科学研究院获奖科技成果汇编 1978-1990》", 31 December 1991 * |
| 黄燕华: "《水产养殖实用技能》", 28 February 2012 * |
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Application publication date: 20181207 |