CN108934443A - A kind of roller brush type picking desk suitable for castor-oil plant harvest - Google Patents
A kind of roller brush type picking desk suitable for castor-oil plant harvest Download PDFInfo
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- CN108934443A CN108934443A CN201810934783.9A CN201810934783A CN108934443A CN 108934443 A CN108934443 A CN 108934443A CN 201810934783 A CN201810934783 A CN 201810934783A CN 108934443 A CN108934443 A CN 108934443A
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- picking
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- castor
- oil plant
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01D—HARVESTING; MOWING
- A01D46/00—Picking of fruits, vegetables, hops, or the like; Devices for shaking trees or shrubs
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Abstract
The present invention relates to a kind of roller brush type picking desks suitable for castor-oil plant harvest, belong to agricultural machinery technological field.A pair of low early and high after integral rolling brush of the picking box inner support of the picking desk, the outside of integral rolling brush are equipped with auger conveyor；The fixed nearside divider of the low side of picking box, high-end installation gear；Two integral rolling brush are oppositely oriented and adjacent place linear velocity direction upward；Picking box forms the V-arrangement that bottom has line of rabbet joint mouth equipped with inwards oblique damper brushes cover, two damper brushes covers；Picking lower box part, which has, passes through slot；It is located at the shedding mouth of the high-end bottom of picking box by slot connection；Uniformly picking is brushed on the mandrel of integral rolling brush, and power-assisted scraper plate is housed between picking brush, and the both ends of the tangentially mounted plate of power-assisted scraper plate each extend over out power-assisted plate and support plate, and support plate is shorter than power-assisted plate, fixes radial pilot bruss outside tangentially mounted plate.The percentage of impurity that the present invention picks is remarkably decreased, operation stability is good；The forward resistance of equipment is obviously reduced and picks power and significantly increase, and net picking rate effectively improves.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of picking desk, especially a kind of roller brush type picking desk belongs to agricultural machinery technological field.
Background technique
Castor-oil plant is considered as reproducible " petroleum " resource, and getable most products in petroleum can be obtained from castor oil
It takes.Since castor-oil plant fruit is intensive and shell is hard, surface is barbed, artificial harvest is difficult, large labor intensity, and serious restriction castor-oil plant is raw
Produce planting scale.Mechanized harvest is the only way which must be passed for realizing castor-oil plant industrialization, large-scale planting.
It is reported that putting into the picking desk of utilization in production at present is transformed on other harvest machineries.Such as Shen
It number please be disclosed respectively for 201410242083.5,201410000820.0 and 201720919015.7 Chinese patent literature
Play stripping effect using harvesting bar upper comb dent to pick the comb-tooth-type that castor-oil plant fruit and partial blade comb are fallen, by moving knife and stationary knife shape
At scissor picking and brush filament formula picking.These prior arts are required to first extract and separate afterwards applied to castor-oil plant harvest, no
There is only the disadvantages of harvest process complexity, and fruit disengaging low efficiency, entrainment loss are serious.
In addition, as far as the applicant is aware, roller brush type harvest is one of existing harvesting approach of the crops such as cotton.Application No. is
201720543889.7 Chinese patent discloses a kind of brush roll body for cotton-picking platform, which includes roll shaft and consolidate
The brush board being scheduled on the roll shaft, the brush board are arranged along the circumferencial direction interval of roll shaft；The front end of the brush board be equipped with chamfering from
And make the brush board far from the side of roll shaft be divided into picking bevel edge and bevel edge two parts, the brush board it is integrally trapezoidal, it is described
Picking bevel edge and bevel edge are bent downward and brush board is close in the end of bending part.The utility model can make cotton plant pass through
There is good passability when crossing brush roll body, do not damage cotton fiber while guaranteeing high net picking rate.In addition, application No. is
201410495339.3 Chinese patent disclosed in roller type brush cotton picker also disclose the brush roller structure of cotton picking.However, above-mentioned
It is plank frame that the brush roll body of the prior art, which plucks main body, and spacing is usually 10-20mm between picking plate when work, is much smaller than cotton
Bell, and cotton stalk diameter most slightly must not exceed 15mm usually in 8-12mm or so.And castor-oil plant shank diameter is thicker, usually on the left side 20mm
The right side, castor-oil plant fruit diameter is smaller, about 15mm, and seed diameter only has 5-8mm, and fruit diameter is approximately less than bar diameter；Therefore board-like brush roll body is suitable for cotton
Flower is picked and is completely unsuitable for castor-oil plant picking.
Though it is not rarely seen in agricultural machinery technological field to plant the flexible round brush that hair is formed, hardly for picking, and such as
Application No. is as 201621062330.4 disclosures, it to be used for other purposes such as used plastic collection.
Experiments have shown that using existing round brush picking castor-oil plant, there are following contradictions: rigid plank frame spacing is allowing castor
When waste of flax passes through, it will be unable to act on castor-oil plant fruit and now pick；Plant hair structure picking power flexible is too small, for collecting for castor-oil plant
Rate is too low.Also, since castor-oil plant shank diameter is thicker, the brush roll of single setting cannot achieve efficient picking.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to: for the above problem of the existing technology, propose a kind of guaranteeing that castor-oil plant bar is able to
It is smooth to can be realized that net picking rate is high, percentage of impurity is low in the case of and may be implemented efficiently to pick is suitable for castor-oil plant harvest
Roller brush type picking desk.
In order to reach the goals above, roller brush type picking desk basic technical scheme of the invention are as follows: contain one group of laid out in parallel
Device for picking, the device for picking includes the picking box of length direction tiltably-mounted from low to high, and the picking box inner support is a pair of
Low early and high after integral rolling brush, the outside of the integral rolling brush are equipped with the auger conveyor conveyed from low to high；The picking box it is low
The fixed a pair of nearside divider for extending to form V-arrangement guiding port forward in end, the high-end installation of the picking box drive two integral rolling brush and spiral shell
Revolve the gear of follower rotation；Two integral rolling brush is oppositely oriented and adjacent place linear velocity direction upward, the spiral
Conveyer integral rolling brush rotating Vortex adjacent thereto；Under position on corresponding two integral rolling brush of the picking box is respectively provided with inwards
Oblique damper brushes cover, two damper brushes covers form the V-arrangement that bottom has line of rabbet joint mouth；The picking lower box part has corresponding groove sealing
Pass through slot；The shedding mouth for being located at the high-end bottom of picking box by slot connection；
The picking desk rear lower is equipped with the collection conveying device for accepting the shedding mouth, and the collection conveying device is by delivery chute
Body and be placed in delivery chute it is intracorporal it is two-way it is poly- in output screw feeder composition, the middle part of the conveying groove body is equipped with corresponding output
The olecranon delivery outlet of position during screw feeder is poly-；
The integral rolling brush includes rotary core shaft, the picking brush that circumferential spacing uniformly radially extends on the mandrel, before direction of rotation
Power-assisted scraper plate is housed between adjacent picking brush afterwards, the power-assisted scraper plate contains fixed tangentially mounted plate on the mandrel,
One end of tangentially mounted plate towards the direction of rotation extends radially outward the power-assisted plate for being close to front side picking brush, the tangentially mounted plate
One end of reverse rotational direction extends radially outward the support plate for being close to rear side picking brush, and the support plate is shorter than power-assisted plate, described to cut
Radial pilot bruss is fixed to outside mounting plate.
Also, applicant take a broad survey in the making material to round brush, further investigate and repetition test substantially,
Form following optimal technical scheme:
The material of the picking brush is nylon, and brush filament diameter is 1 ± 0.2mm, compression strength 3-5GPa, and root dense planting fixes, cut
To 8 ± 2 mm of thickness, 50 ± 10mm of extension elongation.
It is described picking brush extension elongation, the length of power-assisted plate, support plate length ratio be 4:2 ± 0.5:1 ± 0.2.
The material of the pilot bruss is nylon, and brush filament diameter 0.5-0.8mm, root cluster fixes.
In order to solve the problems, such as the ground profiling of multiple device for picking, the high-end hinge respectively of each picking box is filled mounted in conveying is concentrated
It sets on the connected support base in upper end, the cylinder of the unit oil cylinder of each picking box of hinged correspondence is distinguished in the lower part for concentrating conveying device
Body, the tailpiece of the piston rod of each unit oil cylinder is respectively with hinged support in corresponding picking box bottom, the nearside divider bottom of each device for picking
Be respectively equipped with ground profiling sensing device, the signal output end of the profiling sensing device pass through respectively control circuit connect it is corresponding
The control valve of unit oil cylinder.
When picking moves ahead, the device for picking of laid out in parallel works at the same time, distinguishes ground profiling, guidance of the castor-oil plant bar in nearside divider
It is lower to enter picking box, and along slot and line of rabbet joint mouth is passed through, by two low early and high after round brush body spaces, reversed high-speed rotating round brush
Power-assisted plate makes picking brush hit active force to the brush of castor-oil plant fruit generation from bottom to top in castor-oil plant bar and and then picks on body
It brushes because the small deformation that brush is hit can generate carry rebound because support plate is shorter than power-assisted plate, so that castor-oil plant fruit effectively be made to be detached from castor-oil plant bar
Top is thrown to by deviation, under the collective effect of damper brushes cover and pilot bruss, auger conveyor is directed to, send to shedding mouth, fall
To collecting in conveying device, olecranon delivery outlet is transported to by two-way poly- middle output screw feeder, is output to subsequent transfering conveying device.
Detailed description of the invention
The present invention will be further described below with reference to the drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a device for picking structural schematic diagram of Fig. 1 embodiment.
Fig. 3 is the top view of Fig. 1.
Fig. 4 is the B direction view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 5 is the A-A cross-sectional view of Fig. 2.
Fig. 6 is the D-D cross-sectional view of Fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is the integral rolling brush structural schematic diagram in Fig. 2.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment one
The roller brush type picking desk of the present embodiment is as shown in Figure 1, Figure 3, the device for picking 11 containing tetrad laid out in parallel.Each picking
Device 11 as shown in Figure 2, Figure 4 shows, the picking box 2 including length direction tiltably-mounted from low to high, 2 length direction of picking box by down to
High dip, 2 inner support of picking box have a pair of low early and high after rotatable integral rolling brush 6, the outside of two integral rolling brush 6 be respectively provided with by
Down to the auger conveyor 5 of height conveying.The fixed a pair of nearside divider 1 for extending to form V-arrangement guiding port forward of the low side of picking box 2
(its specific structure is similar with the prior art, may refer to the Chinese patent literatures such as 201410105256.9), high-end installation gear
Transmission case 3.
For gear 3 referring to Fig. 6, the horizontal driving shaft 3-1 for the input power that wherein hydraulic drive motor 13 drives is logical
It crosses bevel gear pair and driving gear pair and integral rolling brush joint shaft gear 3-2 is sequentially connected, using carrier gear 3-4 and conveyer
Joint shaft gear 3-3 transmission connection, so as to realize two integral rolling brush of driving and the rotation of spiral follower.Two integral rolling brush, 6 rotation direction phase
Upward, i.e., Fig. 5 middle left and right sidewinders brush body respectively counterclockwise and clockwise in anti-and adjacent place linear velocity direction, auger conveyor 5 with
Its adjacent 6 rotating Vortex of integral rolling brush.
As shown in figure 5, the position on corresponding two integral rolling brush 6 of picking box 2 is respectively provided with inwards oblique damper brushes cover 8,
Damper brushes cover 8 is made of nylon yarn, for preventing the castor-oil plant fruit under picking from flying out upwards；Two damper brushes covers 8, which form bottom, to be had
The V-arrangement of width and castor-oil plant shank diameter adaptation groove sealing 8-1.2 lower part of picking box, by slot 2-1, leads to corresponding groove sealing 8-1
It crosses slot 2-1 and is connected to the shedding mouth 2-2 positioned at the high-end bottom of picking box 2.The bottom of integral rolling brush 6 is equipped with from by the edge slot 2-1
Towards far from the arc coaming plate 2-3 for extending beyond quarter circular arc by the direction slot 2-1.The bottom of auger conveyor 5 is half
Circular guide groove.
Picking desk rear lower is equipped with the collection conveying device 12 for accepting each shedding mouth 2-2, and the collection conveying device 12 is by half
The conveying groove body 12-1 of circular arc and be placed in delivery chute it is intracorporal it is two-way it is poly- in output screw feeder 12-2 composition, convey groove body 12-
1 middle part is equipped with the olecranon delivery outlet 12-3 of the poly- middle position corresponding output screw feeder 12-2.
The high-end hinge respectively of each picking box 2 is concentrated defeated on the support base 4 connected with concentration 12 upper end of conveying device
The cylinder body for sending the lower part of device 12 to distinguish the unit oil cylinder 14 of each picking box 2 of hinged correspondence, the tailpiece of the piston rod of each unit oil cylinder 14
Respectively with hinged support in corresponding 2 bottom of picking box, 1 bottom of nearside divider of each device for picking 11 is respectively equipped with ground profiling sensing
Device 15, signal output end passes through the control valve that control circuit connects corresponding unit oil cylinder 14 respectively, therefore picking desk is each
Device for picking can individually be gone up and down with ground profiling, to properly settle laid out in parallel device for picking ground profiling problem.Shedding mouth
The front 2-2 hinged fruit shading plate 2-4, for block when picking desk because ground feeler mechanism rises when occur between conveying device
Gap.
Integral rolling brush 6 is the critical component for realizing ideal picking effect, and specific structure is as shown in fig. 7, its rotary core shaft 6-1
Circumferential spacing is evenly distributed with six picking brush 6-2 radially extended.It is various in view of brush filament type, specification, it is necessary to theoretically to carry out
Research: the torsion resistance calculation formula of brush filament is D=WL3/0.147Ed4(D is brush filament torsion resistance in formula, and W is distortion power, and E is deformation
Coefficient, L are extension elongation, and d is brush filament diameter), i.e. its rigidity (inverse of torsion resistance) and stress, rigidity, extension elongation
And the factors such as diameter are related, on the basis of theoretical calculation, by repetition test, the present embodiment has determined that nylon material is adopted
Pluck the substantially parameter of brush 6-2 are as follows: brush filament diameter is 1.2mm, compression strength 3GPa, and root dense planting fixes, when positioned at integral rolling brush
Tangential thickness 8 mm, itself axially extended length 50mm；Power-assisted is configured in conjunction between picking brush 6-2 adjacent before and after direction of rotation
Scraper plate 6-4, the section power-assisted scraper plate 6-4 is L-shaped, and the tangentially mounted plate 6-B of bottom is fixed on mandrel 6-1, tangentially mounted
One end of plate 6-B towards direction of rotation extends radially outward the inverse rotation of power-assisted plate 6-A, tangentially mounted plate 6-B for being close to front side picking brush 6-2
The one end for turning direction extends radially outward the support plate 6-C for being close to rear side picking brush, and support plate 6-C is shorter than power-assisted plate 6-A, picking brush
6-2 extension elongation is 50mm, and the length of power-assisted plate 6-A is 25mm, the length of support plate 6-C is 12.5mm, repetition test surface
The proper ratio of three is about 4:2:1, and the brush filament parameter and power-assisted blade structure parameter thereby determined that rotates integral rolling brush
When work, power-assisted scraper plate auxiliary picking brush generates picking brush under to the castor-oil plant fruit in castor-oil plant bar by longer power-assisted plate
Upward strong brush hits (small deformation), it is and then made to generate carry rebound (moderate finite deformation) because support plate is shorter, to have
Effect makes castor-oil plant fruit disengaging castor-oil plant bar be thrown to top towards two sides deviation.
In addition, fixed radial cluster pilot bruss 6-3, brush filament diameter 0.5-0.8mm outside tangentially mounted plate 6-B, firmly
Degree is smaller, since pilot bruss and picking brush constitute the circumferentially closed structure in bottom, under the action of pilot bruss, small part
Rebound, which is fallen to the castor-oil plant fruit of integral rolling brush, will also be admitted to auger conveyor, finally export subsequent transfer conveying device by shedding mouth
Reason.Castor-oil plant bar after picking by slot 2-1 then by being passed through.
Experiments have shown that the picking desk of the present embodiment solves the problems, such as castor-oil plant picking conscientiously, compared with prior art, have
Following remarkable advantage:
1) device for picking of laid out in parallel operation simultaneously substantially increases the working efficiency of castor-oil plant picking；
2) each device for picking is individually gone up and down with ground profiling, therefore has good adaptability, helps to ensure that each device for picking has
The picking quality of stable and consistent；
3) due to, as picking main body, greatly reducing the impurity such as castor-oil plant branch bar using flexible nylon brush, avoiding castor-oil plant branch bar
Pull up phenomenon, therefore the percentage of impurity picked is remarkably decreased, operation stability is good；
4) power-assisted scraper plate design rationally solve picking power and advance resistance contradiction, equipment move ahead when resistance be obviously reduced and
Picking power significantly increases, and net picking rate effectively improves；
5) pilot bruss properly settled picking after fruit rewind caused by lose problem, further reduce loss of work rate.
Claims (7)
1. a kind of roller brush type picking desk suitable for castor-oil plant harvest, it is characterised in that: the device for picking containing one group of laid out in parallel, it is described
Device for picking includes the picking box of length direction tiltably-mounted from low to high, a pair of low early and high after round brush of the picking box inner support
Body, the outside of the integral rolling brush are equipped with the auger conveyor conveyed from low to high；The low side of the picking box is fixed a pair of facing forward
The nearside divider of V-arrangement guiding port is extended to form, the high-end installation of the picking box drives two integral rolling brush and spiral follower to rotate
Gear；Two integral rolling brush is oppositely oriented and adjacent place linear velocity direction upward, the auger conveyor is adjacent thereto
Integral rolling brush rotating Vortex；Position on corresponding two integral rolling brush of the picking box is respectively provided with inwards oblique damper brushes cover,
Two damper brushes covers form the V-arrangement that bottom has line of rabbet joint mouth；The picking lower box part passes through slot with corresponding groove sealing；It is described logical
Cross the shedding mouth that slot connection is located at the high-end bottom of picking box；
The picking desk rear lower is equipped with the collection conveying device for accepting the shedding mouth, and the collection conveying device is by delivery chute
Body and be placed in delivery chute it is intracorporal it is two-way it is poly- in output screw feeder composition, the middle part of the conveying groove body is equipped with corresponding output
The olecranon delivery outlet of position during screw feeder is poly-；
The integral rolling brush includes rotary core shaft, the picking brush that circumferential spacing uniformly radially extends on the mandrel, before direction of rotation
Power-assisted scraper plate is housed between adjacent picking brush afterwards, the power-assisted scraper plate contains fixed tangentially mounted plate on the mandrel,
One end of tangentially mounted plate towards the direction of rotation extends radially outward the power-assisted plate for being close to front side picking brush, the tangentially mounted plate
One end of reverse rotational direction extends radially outward the support plate for being close to rear side picking brush, and the support plate is shorter than power-assisted plate, described to cut
Radial pilot bruss is fixed to outside mounting plate.
2. being suitable for the roller brush type picking desk of castor-oil plant harvest according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: high-end point of each picking box
Jiao not be on the support base connected with concentration conveying device upper end, it is each that hinged correspondence is distinguished in the lower part for concentrating conveying device
The cylinder body of the unit oil cylinder of picking box, the tailpiece of the piston rod of each unit oil cylinder respectively with hinged support in corresponding picking box bottom,
The nearside divider bottom of each device for picking is respectively equipped with ground profiling sensing device, the signal output end difference of the profiling sensing device
The control valve of corresponding unit oil cylinder is connect by control circuit.
3. the roller brush type picking desk according to claim 1 or claim 2 suitable for castor-oil plant harvest, it is characterised in that: the picking brush
Material is nylon, and brush filament diameter is 1 ± 0.2mm, compression strength 3-5GPa, and root dense planting is fixed, and tangential 8 ± 2 mm of thickness stretches
50 ± 10mm of length out.
4. being suitable for the roller brush type picking desk of castor-oil plant harvest according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: the picking brush stretches out length
Degree, the length of power-assisted plate, support plate length ratio be 4:2 ± 0.5:1 ± 0.2.
5. being suitable for the roller brush type picking desk of castor-oil plant harvest according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the material of the pilot bruss
For nylon, brush filament diameter 0.5-0.8mm, root cluster is fixed.
6. being suitable for the roller brush type picking desk of castor-oil plant harvest according to claim 5, it is characterised in that: the bottom of the integral rolling brush
Equipped with oneself by groove edge towards far from the arc coaming plate for extending beyond quarter circular arc by slot direction.
7. being suitable for the roller brush type picking desk of castor-oil plant harvest according to claim 6, it is characterised in that: the shedding epistome hinge
Connect fruit shading plate.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810934783.9A CN108934443A (en) | 2018-08-16 | 2018-08-16 | A kind of roller brush type picking desk suitable for castor-oil plant harvest |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201810934783.9A CN108934443A (en) | 2018-08-16 | 2018-08-16 | A kind of roller brush type picking desk suitable for castor-oil plant harvest |
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| CN108934443A true CN108934443A (en) | 2018-12-07 |
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ID=64469630
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201810934783.9A Pending CN108934443A (en) | 2018-08-16 | 2018-08-16 | A kind of roller brush type picking desk suitable for castor-oil plant harvest |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110199679A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-09-06 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of roller type brush pepper picking platform |
| CN110463445A (en) * | 2019-09-24 | 2019-11-19 | 阿勒泰戈宝茶股份有限公司 | Bluish dogbane blade harvester |
| CN114424709A (en) * | 2021-11-29 | 2022-05-03 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Castor cleaning device and castor combine harvester |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110199679A (en) * | 2019-04-16 | 2019-09-06 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | A kind of roller type brush pepper picking platform |
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