CN108917504B - Self-adaptive arrangement method for blast holes - Google Patents
Self-adaptive arrangement method for blast holes Download PDFInfo
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- CN108917504B CN108917504B CN201810815765.9A CN201810815765A CN108917504B CN 108917504 B CN108917504 B CN 108917504B CN 201810815765 A CN201810815765 A CN 201810815765A CN 108917504 B CN108917504 B CN 108917504B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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Abstract
The invention discloses a self-adaptive arrangement method of blast holes, which comprises the following operation steps of determining the cliff line coordinates and the corresponding slope bottom line coordinates of a blasting area, determining a free boundary and an infinite boundary according to an included angle mark, and pushing the free boundary backwards according to a specified row pitch to obtain a series of backward pushing contour lines; after the backward pushing of the free boundary is finished, arranging blast holes on each backward moving contour line, taking the intersection point of each backward moving contour and an infinite boundary as a starting point, taking the hole pitch as the diameter to make a circle, taking 1 or 2 intersection points of the circle and contour lines, taking the intersection point far away from the starting point when 2 intersection points are taken, taking the obtained intersection point as a blast hole position, and repeating the operation on each contour line in sequence to finish the blast hole arrangement in the blast area. The invention greatly improves the design precision, efficiency, economic benefit and the like of the bench blasting, and better meets the requirements of rapidness, accuracy and high efficiency of the bench blasting design.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of engineering blasting, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive arrangement method of blast holes.
Background
The bench blasting is mainly used for mining and stripping, railway and road cutting and earth and rockwork excavation construction engineering of water conservancy and hydropower, and is a blasting technology with wide application prospect.
The quality of the step blasting effect directly influences the operation efficiency of subsequent procedures such as shoveling, transporting and the like. Therefore, how to improve the quality of the step blasting is a subject of much research by technicians. The quality of bench blasting generally has the following requirements: (1) the lumpiness of the ore rock after blasting meets the requirement; (2) the working surface of the steps after blasting is regular, and the phenomena of root, umbrella rocks and the like are not allowed to occur.
At present, large-aperture drilling machines are adopted in some large-scale strip mines at home and abroad to realize large-area and multi-row differential deep hole blasting, the parameters of hole networks, charging structures, filling methods, initiation sequences and differential interval time are deeply researched, and the comprehensive production efficiency of strip mining is greatly improved by improving the blasting technology. In addition, with the updating of drilling machine equipment and the continuous improvement of the quality of industrial explosives and detonators, the use of new explosives, high-precision multi-section millisecond electric detonators, non-electric detonators and digital electronic detonators further develops the deep hole blasting technology.
The progress of the open bench blasting technology in recent years can be summarized as the following points in general: (1) the procedures of designing, drilling, charging and the like use monitoring technology, and the mechanization and automation are gradually realized; (2) the sequential blasting and the in-hole subsection differential blasting technology are widely adopted; (3) selecting reasonable blasting parameters and proper explosive varieties according to different lithologies; (4) adopting a computer aided design system; (5) a data collection system is adopted, and the system can provide accurate positions of engineering equipment and production facilities; (6) the computer aided design system and the engineering equipment are combined mutually and the dynamic state of the computer aided design system and the engineering equipment is effectively controlled through the digital model. The technical characteristics can provide reference for the design and application of open bench blasting in China.
The first step of step blasting design is the arrangement of blast holes, and the traditional blast hole arrangement method of micro-differential row blasting is that firstly, hole spacing and row spacing are determined empirically according to the explosibility of a blast area rock mass, and then, a technician arranges holes on site, wherein the randomness is high, and the step blasting design is finished mainly by the experience of the technician.
Disclosure of Invention
The purpose of the invention is: a self-adaptive blast hole arrangement method based on a computational geometry technology is developed, and blast holes can be arranged in a self-adaptive mode according to a cliff line obtained through field measurement, so that guarantee is provided for a step blasting effect.
The invention provides a self-adaptive arrangement method of blast holes, which comprises the following operation steps:
(1) determining the coordinates of a cliff side line and the corresponding coordinates of a slope bottom line according to the area of the step blasting, and calibrating a free boundary, namely a free surface in the step blasting through a slope top and the slope bottom line;
(2) each step blasting can only be one part of one step, the infinite boundary of blasting and reserved rock mass is determined according to the scale of the step blasting, and is marked by-1;
(3) after the free boundary and the infinite boundary are marked, the free boundary is pushed back according to the specified row spacing to obtain a series of back-pushing contour lines, the contour lines are used for arranging blast holes, the back-pushing of the free boundary points to the inner side of an explosion area according to the normal vector of two line segments connected with each measuring point, then each line segment is moved back by the distance of the row spacing according to the direction of the normal vector, the intersection point of each line segment after the back-moving is calculated to obtain the contour of the free boundary which is moved back once, and the process is repeated until the back-moving contour is filled in the whole explosion area;
(4) after the backward pushing of the free boundary is finished, arranging blast holes on each backward moving contour line, taking the intersection point of each backward moving contour and an infinite boundary as a starting point, taking the hole pitch as the diameter to make a circle, taking 1 or 2 intersection points of the circle and contour lines, taking the intersection point far away from the starting point when 2 intersection points are taken, taking the obtained intersection point as a blast hole position, and repeating the operation on each contour line in sequence to finish the blast hole arrangement in the blast area.
During the backward pushing of the free boundary, polygon intersection regions, i.e., redundant points, may occur. In order to eliminate redundant points, a convex hull algorithm in the computational geometry is adopted, namely only points on the outer contour of a scattered point system are reserved, so that the aim of eliminating the redundant points is fulfilled.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic flow chart of a self-adaptive arrangement algorithm of blast holes in an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a method for identifying a free boundary and an infinite boundary in the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a method for pushing back a free boundary according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a method for arranging blastholes on a backward contour according to an embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of arrangement of blast holes in a blast zone in an embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The invention provides a self-adaptive arrangement method of blast holes, which comprises the following specific implementation modes:
(1) the method comprises the steps that the coordinates of a cliff line and the coordinates of a corresponding slope bottom line are measured on site, the cliff line is a slope top line, a free boundary, namely a free surface in step blasting, is calibrated through the slope top and the slope bottom line, the free boundary is divided into a free boundary or two free boundaries according to the size of an included angle of two line segments corresponding to measuring points, namely, if the included angle of the two line segments connected with a certain measuring point on the inner side of a blasting area is smaller than or equal to 90 degrees, the two free boundaries are marked by 1 and 2 respectively, otherwise, the free boundary is regarded as a free boundary and marked by 1; the purpose of dividing the free boundary into two is: the first detonating blast hole is convenient to find; when only one free boundary exists, randomly setting a first detonating blast hole;
(2) the scale of step blasting is determined according to production task indexes and the capacity of shovel loading equipment, so that the step blasting can only be part of one step each time, and therefore, in the self-adaptive blast hole arrangement algorithm, infinite boundaries of rock masses to be blasted and reserved are given, and the infinite boundaries are marked by-1;
(3) after the free boundary and the infinite boundary are marked, the free boundary is pushed backwards according to the specified row spacing to obtain a series of backward pushing contour lines, and the contour lines are used for arranging blast holes; the backward pushing method of the free boundary comprises the following steps: calculating normal vectors of two line segments connected with each measuring point, pointing to the inner side of the explosion area, then moving each line segment backward by the distance of the displacement distance according to the direction of the normal vectors, calculating the intersection point of each line segment after backward movement to obtain the contour with the free boundary moved backward once, and repeating the process until the backward movement contour is full of the whole explosion area;
(4) after the backward pushing of the free boundary is finished, arranging blast holes on each backward moving contour line, wherein the method comprises the following steps: taking the intersection point of each backward moving contour and an infinite boundary as a starting point, and taking the hole pitch as the diameter to make a circle, wherein the number of the intersection points of the circle and the contour lines is 1 or 2, the intersection point far away from the starting point is taken for 2, the obtained intersection point is a blast hole position, and the operation is repeated on each contour line in sequence, so that the blast hole arrangement in the blast area can be completed;
in the backward pushing process of the free boundary, a polygon intersection region, namely a redundant point, may appear, and in order to eliminate the redundant point, a convex hull algorithm in the calculation geometry is adopted, namely only points on the outer contour of a scattered point system are reserved, so that the purpose of eliminating the redundant point is achieved.
Claims (1)
1. A self-adaptive arrangement method of blast holes is characterized by comprising the following operation steps:
(1) determining the coordinates of a cliff side line and the corresponding coordinates of a slope bottom line according to the area of the step blasting, and calibrating a free boundary, namely a free surface in the step blasting through a slope top and the slope bottom line;
(2) each step blasting can only be one part of one step, the infinite boundary of blasting and reserved rock mass is determined according to the scale of the step blasting, and is marked by-1;
(3) after the free boundary and the infinite boundary are marked, the free boundary is pushed back according to the specified row spacing to obtain a series of back-pushing contour lines, the contour lines are used for arranging blast holes, the back-pushing of the free boundary points to the inner side of an explosion area according to the normal vector of two line segments connected with each measuring point, then each line segment is moved back by the distance of the row spacing according to the direction of the normal vector, the intersection point of each line segment after the back-moving is calculated to obtain the contour of the free boundary which is moved back once, and the process is repeated until the back-moving contour is filled in the whole explosion area;
(4) after the backward pushing of the free boundary is finished, arranging blast holes on each backward moving contour line, taking the intersection point of each backward moving contour and an infinite boundary as a starting point, taking the hole pitch as the diameter to make a circle, taking 1 or 2 intersection points of the circle and contour lines, taking the intersection point far away from the starting point when 2 intersection points are taken, taking the obtained intersection point as a blast hole position, and repeating the operation on each contour line in sequence to finish the blast hole arrangement in the blast area.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN2018104849595 | 2018-05-20 | ||
| CN201810484959 | 2018-05-20 |
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| CN108917504A CN108917504A (en) | 2018-11-30 |
| CN108917504B true CN108917504B (en) | 2020-12-01 |
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2554359C1 (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-06-27 | Ибрагим Магомедович Паланкоев | Method of destruction of frozen soil during drill and fire excavation |
| CN106895755A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-27 | 贵州新联爆破工程集团有限公司 | A kind of air bench blasting intellectualized design method |
| CN107144191A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-09-08 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of step demolition of strip mines bore distribution method |
| CN107388909A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-11-24 | 中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司 | A kind of quick-fried area's bore distribution method precisely, quick, intelligent |
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2018
- 2018-07-24 CN CN201810815765.9A patent/CN108917504B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| RU2554359C1 (en) * | 2014-03-17 | 2015-06-27 | Ибрагим Магомедович Паланкоев | Method of destruction of frozen soil during drill and fire excavation |
| CN106895755A (en) * | 2017-02-27 | 2017-06-27 | 贵州新联爆破工程集团有限公司 | A kind of air bench blasting intellectualized design method |
| CN107144191A (en) * | 2017-06-16 | 2017-09-08 | 西安科技大学 | A kind of step demolition of strip mines bore distribution method |
| CN107388909A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-11-24 | 中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司 | A kind of quick-fried area's bore distribution method precisely, quick, intelligent |
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Address after: 14, building 550002, Fu Zhong commercial building, No. 102, Xinhua Road District, Guiyang, Guizhou, Nanming Applicant after: POLY XINLIAN BLASTING ENGINEERING GROUP Co.,Ltd. Applicant after: POLY EXPLOSIVE HAMI Co.,Ltd. Address before: 14, building 550002, Fu Zhong commercial building, No. 102, Xinhua Road District, Guiyang, Guizhou, Nanming Applicant before: GUIZHOU XINLIAN BLASTING ENGINEERING GROUP Co.,Ltd. Applicant before: POLY EXPLOSIVE HAMI Co.,Ltd. |
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