CN108731561B - Automatic calculation method for blast hole charging amount - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a blast hole charging automatic calculation method, which comprises the following steps: s1, measuring geological data; s2, dividing the Voronoi grids; s3, determining the arrangement position of the blast holes; s4, determining the destructive action range of the blast hole; s5, judging the best blasting time; s6, determining the differential interval time; s7, determining the unit consumption of the explosive; s8, calculating the explosive loading of the blast hole; the invention utilizes the computer to automatically calculate the explosive loading of the open bench blasting blasthole, thereby saving a large amount of manpower and material resources, shortening the design period and improving the design calculation precision.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of engineering blasting, in particular to a method for automatically calculating the explosive loading of a blast hole.
Background
With the progress of science and technology in China, engineering blasting is rapidly developed and applied in more and more fields, and particularly, China has achieved remarkable achievement in blasting theory research and engineering practice in nearly thirty years, and makes great contribution to economic construction in China.
The deep hole bench blasting is the first procedure in open-pit mining and field leveling engineering, the quality of blasting effect directly influences whether follow-up shovel loading work can be smoothly carried out, meanwhile, bench blasting is a complex process involving many factors and has instantaneity, fuzziness and uncertainty, and in addition, the places needing to exert subjective activity of people in the existing design are many, so that the difference of blasting loading design calculation results is large, and the blasting effect is difficult to guarantee.
In the prior art, the explosive loading of the blasting hole of the open bench blasting is generally calculated by manpower, and a worker calculates the explosive loading of the blasting hole of the open bench blasting step by means of a computer to finally obtain the explosive loading of the blasting hole of the open bench blasting, but the method consumes a long time.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a method for automatically calculating the charge of a blast hole, which aims to solve the problems in the background technology.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides the following technical scheme: a method for automatically calculating the loading of a blast hole comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring geological data; firstly, carrying out geological mapping, searching the ground geological condition in detail through the geological mapping, dividing rock stratums, determining ore body distribution so as to correctly know the relation and the rule between ore deposits and a geological structure, and then carrying out the layout of exploration engineering in the direction parallel to the trend of ore bodies or perpendicular to the trend of ore bodies;
s2, dividing the Voronoi grids; importing the measured geological data into automatic calculation software, drawing a Voronoi diagram by the software according to the imported data, and dividing the interior of the Voronoi diagram;
s3, determining the arrangement position of the blast holes; determining the positions of blast holes according to the perpendicular bisectors of each grid in the divided Voronoi grids, accurately marking the blast holes on the bedrock by using red paint, and additionally, arranging direction points near each blast hole so that the position and the direction can be accurately determined when a drilling machine drills;
s4, determining the destructive action range of the blast hole; selecting an auxiliary rectangle to surround all given boundary points, and connecting any two opposite vertexes of the rectangle to form two auxiliary triangles; adding each boundary node into the auxiliary rectangular area in sequence according to the point adding implementation step; then after all boundary nodes are inserted, deleting triangles with the gravity centers not in the solving area to obtain initial Delaunay triangles with matched boundaries;
s5, judging the best blasting time; according to the action range of each blast hole divided by the Voronoi grid, if the block has three or more free surfaces, the blast hole is considered to have blasting conditions, and the blasting conditions can be carried out step by the recursion method until all the blast holes are blasted;
s6, determining the differential interval time; calculating according to the open bench blasting and resistance line by combining a calculation formula delta t in kW;
s7, determining unit consumption of explosive(ii) a Substituting the formula q-q according to the ore rock density, the step height, the mesh area and the single-hole dosage1Calculating rho HS, wherein the calculation result is unit consumption;
s8, calculating the explosive loading of the blast hole; in the Voronoi diagram, each Voronoi unit comprises a blast hole, and the geotechnical media in each Voronoi unit is considered as the damage area of the blast hole contained in the unit when the blast hole is blasted, so that the loading of each blast hole can be calculated according to the volume rulei＝ρrHSiq。
Preferably, in the first step, the exploration lines parallel to the running direction of the ore body are called transverse exploration lines, the exploration lines perpendicular to the running direction of the ore body are called longitudinal exploration lines, the longitudinal exploration lines and the transverse exploration lines are intersected to form an exploration net, and the shape and the density of the exploration net are determined by the type and the shape of the ore body.
Preferably, the point adding implementation step in the fourth step comprises the following steps:
a. assuming that a given set of points on a plane has been joined into a Delaunay triangle satisfying the in-circle criterion, for the given set of points { P }iPoint P where any one of i, 1,2, Λ, k is not bondedi；
b. Making a corresponding circumscribed circle for each connected Delaunay triangle;
c. finding out a triangle of which the circumscribed circle comprises a bow, and deleting the triangle in a triangle record array;
d. common boundaries of all triangles including the arches of the circumscribed circle are eliminated to form a Delaunay cavity;
e. the junction points and the vertexes of the Delaunay cavities form Delaunay triangles including the junction points and the Delaunay cavities, and the newly generated Delaunay triangles are stored in the triangle record array.
Preferably, in the sixth step, the differential interval time actually adopted by general mine blasting is 15-75 milliseconds, a smaller value is taken for harder rocks, a larger value is taken for softer rocks, and Δ t is taken between hole-by-hole differential initiation delay interval holes of the project to be 6ms/m and 8 ms/m; the row interval Δ t is 11ms/m or 13 ms/m.
Preferably, in the seventh step, q is unit consumption, kg/t; p is the density of the ore rock,t/m3(ii) a H is the step height, m; s is the area of the mesh, m2；q1Is single-hole dosage, kg.
Preferably, in step eight, SiIs the average of the Voronoi cell areas at the top and bottom of the ith hole, i.e. Si＝(St+Sb)/2，StAnd SbVoronoi cell areas, Q, at the top and bottom of the borehole, respectivelyiIs the charge of the ith borehole, ρrThe density of rock and soil media, H the depth of a blast hole and q the unit consumption of explosive.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the computer is used for automatically calculating the explosive loading of the open bench blasting blasthole, so that a large amount of manpower and material resources can be saved, the design period is shortened, and the design calculation precision is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of arrangement of blast hole positions in an explosion area in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a Voronoi grid schematic diagram of blast holes in a blast zone in an embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a blasthole charging configuration in an embodiment of the invention;
fig. 4 is a block diagram of a system configuration of software in the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Example one
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a method for automatically calculating the loading of a blast hole comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring geological data; firstly, carrying out geological mapping, searching the ground geological condition in detail through the geological mapping, dividing rock stratums, determining ore body distribution so as to correctly know the relation and the rule between an ore deposit and a geological structure, and then carrying out the layout of exploration engineering in the direction parallel to the trend of the ore body;
s2, dividing the Voronoi grids; importing the measured geological data into automatic calculation software, drawing a Voronoi diagram by the software according to the imported data, and dividing the interior of the Voronoi diagram;
s3, determining the arrangement position of the blast holes; determining the positions of blast holes according to the perpendicular bisectors of each grid in the divided Voronoi grids, accurately marking the blast holes on the bedrock by using red paint, and additionally, arranging direction points near each blast hole so that the position and the direction can be accurately determined when a drilling machine drills;
s4, determining the destructive action range of the blast hole; selecting an auxiliary rectangle to surround all given boundary points, and connecting any two opposite vertexes of the rectangle to form two auxiliary triangles; adding each boundary node into the auxiliary rectangular area in sequence according to the point adding implementation step; then after all boundary nodes are inserted, deleting triangles with the gravity centers not in the solving area to obtain initial Delaunay triangles with matched boundaries;
s5, judging the best blasting time; according to the action range of each blast hole divided by the Voronoi grid, if the block has three or more free surfaces, the blast hole is considered to have blasting conditions, and the blasting conditions can be carried out step by the recursion method until all the blast holes are blasted;
s6, determining the differential interval time; calculating according to the open bench blasting and resistance line by combining a calculation formula delta t in kW;
s7, determining the unit consumption of the explosive; substituting the formula q-q according to the ore rock density, the step height, the mesh area and the single-hole dosage1Calculating rho HS, wherein the calculation result is unit consumption;
s8, calculating the explosive loading of the blast hole; in the Voronoi diagram, each Voronoi unit comprises a blast hole, and the geotechnical media in each Voronoi unit is considered as the damage area of the blast hole contained in the unit when the blast hole is blasted, so that the loading of each blast hole can be calculated according to the volume rulei＝ρrHSiq。
In the first step, the exploration lines parallel to the trend of the ore body are called transverse exploration lines, the exploration lines perpendicular to the trend of the ore body are called longitudinal exploration lines, the longitudinal exploration lines and the transverse exploration lines are intersected to form an exploration net, and the shape and the density of the exploration net are determined by the type and the shape of the ore body;
the point adding implementation steps in the fourth step are as follows:
a. assuming that a given set of points on a plane has been joined into a Delaunay triangle satisfying the in-circle criterion, for the given set of points { P }iPoint P where any one of i, 1,2, Λ, k is not bondedi；
b. Making a corresponding circumscribed circle for each connected Delaunay triangle;
c. finding out a triangle of which the circumscribed circle comprises a bow, and deleting the triangle in a triangle record array;
d. common boundaries of all triangles including the arches of the circumscribed circle are eliminated to form a Delaunay cavity;
e. the junction points and all the vertexes of the Delaunay cavities form Delaunay triangles including the junction points and the Delaunay cavities, and the newly generated Delaunay triangles are stored in the triangle record array;
in the sixth step, the differential interval time actually adopted by general mine blasting is 25 milliseconds, a smaller value is taken for harder rocks, a larger value is taken for softer rocks, and delta t between holes of the hole-by-hole differential initiation delay interval of the project is 6 ms/m; taking Δ t between rows as 11 ms/m;
in the seventh step, q is unit consumption, kg/t; rho is ore rock density, t/m3(ii) a H is the step height, m; s is the area of the mesh, m2；q1Is single-hole dosage, kg;
in step eight, SiIs the average of the Voronoi cell areas at the top and bottom of the ith hole, i.e. Si＝(St+Sb)/2，StAnd SbVoronoi cell areas, Q, at the top and bottom of the borehole, respectivelyiIs the charge of the ith borehole, ρrThe density of rock and soil media, H the depth of a blast hole and q the unit consumption of explosive.
Example two
The invention provides a technical scheme that: a method for automatically calculating the loading of a blast hole comprises the following steps:
s1, measuring geological data; firstly, carrying out geological mapping, searching the ground geological condition in detail through the geological mapping, dividing rock stratums, determining ore body distribution so as to correctly know the relation and the rule between an ore deposit and a geological structure, and then carrying out the layout of exploration engineering in the direction perpendicular to the ore body;
s2, dividing the Voronoi grids; importing the measured geological data into automatic calculation software, drawing a Voronoi diagram by the software according to the imported data, and dividing the interior of the Voronoi diagram;
s3, determining the arrangement position of the blast holes; determining the positions of blast holes according to the perpendicular bisectors of each grid in the divided Voronoi grids, accurately marking the blast holes on the bedrock by using red paint, and additionally, arranging direction points near each blast hole so that the position and the direction can be accurately determined when a drilling machine drills;
s4, determining the destructive action range of the blast hole; selecting an auxiliary rectangle to surround all given boundary points, and connecting any two opposite vertexes of the rectangle to form two auxiliary triangles; adding each boundary node into the auxiliary rectangular area in sequence according to the point adding implementation step; then after all boundary nodes are inserted, deleting triangles with the gravity centers not in the solving area to obtain initial Delaunay triangles with matched boundaries;
s5, judging the best blasting time; according to the action range of each blast hole divided by the Voronoi grid, if the block has three or more free surfaces, the blast hole is considered to have blasting conditions, and the blasting conditions can be carried out step by the recursion method until all the blast holes are blasted;
s6, determining the differential interval time; calculating according to the open bench blasting and resistance line by combining a calculation formula delta t in kW;
s7, determining the unit consumption of the explosive; substituting the formula q-q according to the ore rock density, the step height, the mesh area and the single-hole dosage1V (rho HS), and the calculation result isUnit consumption;
s8, calculating the explosive loading of the blast hole; in the Voronoi diagram, each Voronoi unit comprises a blast hole, and the geotechnical media in each Voronoi unit is considered as the damage area of the blast hole contained in the unit when the blast hole is blasted, so that the loading of each blast hole can be calculated according to the volume rulei＝ρrHSiq。
In the first step, the exploration lines parallel to the trend of the ore body are called transverse exploration lines, the exploration lines perpendicular to the trend of the ore body are called longitudinal exploration lines, the longitudinal exploration lines and the transverse exploration lines are intersected to form an exploration net, and the shape and the density of the exploration net are determined by the type and the shape of the ore body;
the point adding implementation steps in the fourth step are as follows:
a. assuming that a given set of points on a plane has been joined into a Delaunay triangle satisfying the in-circle criterion, for the given set of points { P }iPoint P where any one of i, 1,2, Λ, k is not bondedi；
b. Making a corresponding circumscribed circle for each connected Delaunay triangle;
c. finding out a triangle of which the circumscribed circle comprises a bow, and deleting the triangle in a triangle record array;
d. common boundaries of all triangles including the arches of the circumscribed circle are eliminated to form a Delaunay cavity;
e. the junction points and all the vertexes of the Delaunay cavities form Delaunay triangles including the junction points and the Delaunay cavities, and the newly generated Delaunay triangles are stored in the triangle record array;
in the sixth step, the differential interval time actually adopted by common mine blasting is 50 milliseconds, a smaller value is taken for harder rocks, a larger value is taken for softer rocks, and delta t between holes of the hole-by-hole differential initiation delay interval of the project is 8 ms/m; taking Δ t between rows as 13 ms/m;
in the seventh step, q is unit consumption, kg/t; rho is ore rock density, t/m3(ii) a H is the step height, m; s is the area of the mesh, m2；q1Is single-hole dosage, kg;
in step eight, SiIs the ith blast hole topAverage of the area of the Voronoi cells at the bottom, i.e. Si＝(St+Sb)/2，StAnd SbVoronoi cell areas, Q, at the top and bottom of the borehole, respectivelyiIs the charge of the ith borehole, ρrThe density of rock and soil media, H the depth of a blast hole and q the unit consumption of explosive.
The two groups of embodiments can realize the purpose of automatically calculating the explosive loading of the open bench blasting blasthole by using a computer, wherein the second embodiment has wider application range of the layout method of the exploration engineering and the result calculated by the differential interval time.
The invention has the advantages that: the computer is used for automatically calculating the explosive loading of the open bench blasting blasthole, so that a large amount of manpower and material resources can be saved, the design period is shortened, and the design calculation precision is improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A method for automatically calculating the charge of a blast hole is characterized by comprising the following steps:
s1, measuring geological data; firstly, carrying out geological mapping, searching the ground geological condition in detail through the geological mapping, dividing rock stratums, determining ore body distribution so as to correctly know the relation and the rule between ore deposits and a geological structure, and then carrying out the layout of exploration engineering in the direction parallel to the trend of ore bodies or perpendicular to the trend of ore bodies;
s2, dividing the Voronoi grids; importing the measured geological data into automatic calculation software, drawing a Voronoi diagram by the software according to the imported data, and dividing the interior of the Voronoi diagram;
s3, determining the arrangement position of the blast holes; determining the positions of blast holes according to the perpendicular bisectors of each grid in the divided Voronoi grids, accurately marking the blast holes on the bedrock by using red paint, and additionally, arranging direction points near each blast hole so that the position and the direction can be accurately determined when a drilling machine drills;
s4, determining the destructive action range of the blast hole; selecting an auxiliary rectangle to surround all given boundary points, and connecting any two opposite vertexes of the rectangle to form two auxiliary triangles; adding each boundary node into the auxiliary rectangular area in sequence according to the point adding implementation step; then after all boundary nodes are inserted, deleting triangles with the gravity centers not in the solving area to obtain initial Delaunay triangles with matched boundaries;
s5, judging the best blasting time; according to the action range of each blast hole divided by the Voronoi grids, if the range has three or more free surfaces, the blast hole is considered to have blasting conditions, and the recurrence method can be used for proceeding step by step until all the blast holes are blasted;
s6, determining the differential interval time; calculating according to the open bench blasting and resistance line by combining a calculation formula delta t in kW;
s7, determining the unit consumption of the explosive; substituting the formula q-q according to the ore rock density, the step height, the mesh area and the single-hole dosage1Calculating rho HS, wherein the calculation result is unit consumption, q is unit consumption of explosive, rho is density of ore rock, H is step height, and S is mesh area;
s8, calculating the explosive loading of the blast hole; in the Voronoi diagram, each Voronoi unit comprises a blast hole, the geotechnical media in each Voronoi unit is considered as the damage area of the blast hole contained in the unit when the blast hole is blasted, the charge of each blast hole is calculated according to a volume rule, Qi＝ρrHSiq，QiIs the charge of the ith borehole, ρrIs the density of rock-soil medium, H is the depth of blast hole, q is the unit consumption of explosive, SiIs the average of the Voronoi cell areas at the top and bottom of the ith hole.
2. The method for automatically calculating the charge of a blast hole according to claim 1, wherein: in step S1, the exploration lines parallel to the direction of the ore body are called transverse exploration lines, the exploration lines perpendicular to the direction of the ore body are called longitudinal exploration lines, the longitudinal exploration lines and the transverse exploration lines are crossed to form an exploration network, and the shape and density of the exploration network are determined by the type and shape of the ore body.
3. The method for automatically calculating the charge of a blast hole according to claim 1, wherein: the dotting implementation step in the step S4 is as follows:
a. assuming that a given set of points on a plane has been joined into a Delaunay triangle satisfying the in-circle criterion, for the given set of points { P }iPoint P where any one of i, 1,2, Λ, k is not bondedi；
b. Making a corresponding circumscribed circle for each connected Delaunay triangle;
c. finding out triangles contained in the circumscribed circle, and deleting the triangles in the triangle record array;
d. common boundaries of all triangles including the circumscribed circle are eliminated to form a Delaunay cavity;
e. the junction points and the vertexes of the Delaunay cavities form a Delaunay triangle, and the newly generated Delaunay triangle is stored in the triangle record array.
4. The method for automatically calculating the charge in the blast hole according to claim 1, wherein in step S6, the actual differential interval time adopted by mine blasting is 15-75 milliseconds, the smaller value is adopted for harder rocks, the larger value is adopted for softer rocks, the interval Δ t between holes is 6ms/m or 8ms/m for hole-by-hole differential initiation delay intervals, and the interval △ t is 11ms/m or 13 ms/m.
5. The method for automatically calculating the charge of a blast hole according to claim 1, wherein: in step S7, the unit q is kg/t; the unit of rho is t/m3(ii) a The unit is m; s unit is m2；q1Is in Kg.
6. The method for automatically calculating the charge of a blast hole according to claim 1, wherein: in step S8, SiIs the average of the Voronoi cell areas at the top and bottom of the ith holeValue, i.e. Si＝(St+Sb)/2，StAnd SbVoronoi cell areas, Q, at the top and bottom of the borehole, respectivelyiIs the charge of the ith borehole, ρrThe density of rock and soil media, H the depth of a blast hole and q the unit consumption of explosive.
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| CN113139319B (en) * | 2021-05-14 | 2024-05-31 | 辽宁工程技术大学 | Method for calculating charge quantity of blast holes based on intelligent lithology recognition |
| CN114508978B (en) * | 2022-01-28 | 2023-03-17 | 北京理工大学 | Method and system for calculating explosive loading of blast hole and electronic equipment |
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