WO2024124758A1 - Explosive-rock matching parameter optimization method based on residual blasting crater inversion - Google Patents

Explosive-rock matching parameter optimization method based on residual blasting crater inversion Download PDF

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WO2024124758A1
WO2024124758A1 PCT/CN2023/088090 CN2023088090W WO2024124758A1 WO 2024124758 A1 WO2024124758 A1 WO 2024124758A1 CN 2023088090 W CN2023088090 W CN 2023088090W WO 2024124758 A1 WO2024124758 A1 WO 2024124758A1
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blasting
residual
funnel
inversion
explosive
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PCT/CN2023/088090
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French (fr)
Chinese (zh)
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冷振东
李宏兵
刘令
杨建华
史维升
蔡路军
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中国葛洲坝集团易普力股份有限公司
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Publication of WO2024124758A1 publication Critical patent/WO2024124758A1/en

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  • the present invention relates to the technical field of blasting parameter design, and in particular to an explosive-rock matching parameter optimization design method based on residual blasting funnel inversion for open-pit and underground on-site mixed explosive blasting.
  • the blasting funnel test is an important test in the design of rock blasting parameters.
  • the amount of energy and speed of the explosives transferred to the rock when blasting in the rock mass depends on factors such as the rock properties, explosive performance, charge quality, explosive burial depth and detonation method.
  • the explosion of the explosive will not only produce crushing zones, crack zones and vibration zones in the surrounding rocks, but also strengthen the destruction of the rock in the direction of the free surface.
  • it will also cause the rock to break, bulge and throw on the free surface, forming a funnel-shaped explosion pit in the rock, which is called a blasting funnel.
  • the traditional blasting funnel test has the following defects: (1) The traditional blasting funnel test is based on semi-infinite rock mass, while the blasting in actual engineering is often a group blasting in which multiple blastholes are detonated at a certain delay time interval. Before the current blasthole is detonated, the previous blasthole will inevitably create a blasting free surface for it. That is, the blasting of blastholes in actual engineering is generally not possible to be semi-infinite rock mass, so the blasting funnel will not be symmetrical about the rotation axis. The shape of the real blasting funnel on different interfaces is different; (2) The traditional blasting funnel test is usually based on small diameter, shallow hole, packaged explosive equivalent spherical The explosive packs are centrally loaded.
  • the present invention proposes an explosive-rock matching parameter optimization design method based on residual blasting funnel inversion.
  • This method utilizes the residual blasting funnel formed at the bottom of the blasthole on the bottom plane after excavation and loading, and calculates the geometric parameters of each typical residual blasting funnel by cleaning and three-dimensional laser scanning of the residual blasting funnel, and numerically calculates and inverts the bottom residual blasting funnel and the complete blasthole damage zoning range.
  • the rationality of the explosive-rock matching parameters is evaluated according to the three indicators of powder ore rate, large block rate and root rate, and then the performance parameters such as explosive density, detonation velocity and detonation heat are adjusted.
  • the present disclosure provides an explosive-rock matching parameter optimization method based on residual blasting funnel inversion, comprising the following steps: S1, residual blasting funnel cleaning and contour scanning: blasting operation and excavation are performed according to the initial explosive-rock matching parameters, typical blast holes are selected, and the residual blasting funnel is cleaned out; a three-dimensional laser point cloud data model of a typical residual blasting funnel is obtained by using a three-dimensional laser scanner; S2, residual blasting funnel contour discrete point cloud fitting: the three-dimensional laser discrete point cloud data of the residual blasting funnel of each typical blast hole is fitted, and the residual blasting funnel volume V1 , depth H1 , cross-sectional radius rH1 , and longitudinal radius rL1 of each typical blast hole are calculated; S3, residual blasting funnel contour numerical calculation inversion: combined with on-site blasting design, a three-dimensional numerical modeling of group hole blasting is established, and a three-dimensional dynamic finite element or discrete element model is used to calculate the blasting rock breaking effect, and
  • cleaning out the residual blasting funnel means cleaning out the loose soil at the bottom of the blast hole, and retaining the pit formed by the blasting as the residual blasting funnel; in addition, the method for selecting typical blast holes is: selecting at least one blast hole in each row of the first row, the middle row and the last row of blast holes.
  • step S4 the volume difference ⁇ V , the depth difference ⁇ H , the cross-sectional radius difference ⁇ rH and the longitudinal radius difference ⁇ rL are calculated using the following formulas:
  • the evaluation criteria of the fine ore rate P fine , the blasting large block rate P oversize and the root rate P toe are: when the fine ore rate P fine ⁇ [P fine ], the large block rate P oversize ⁇ [P oversize ], and the root rate P toe ⁇ [P toe ] are satisfied at the same time, it means that the current explosive-rock matching parameters are reasonable; otherwise, it means that the previously selected explosive-rock matching parameters are unreasonable, and it is necessary to adjust and optimize the explosive performance parameters to enter the next cycle; wherein, [P fine ] is the fine ore rate control index, [P oversize ] is the large block rate control index, and [P toe ] is the root rate control index; the explosive performance parameters include adjusting the explosive density, detonation velocity, and detonation heat parameter indicators.
  • the beneficial effect of the present disclosure is that it integrates the three-dimensional laser scanning technology and the three-dimensional numerical simulation technology, takes into account the asymmetry of the real blasting funnel and the non-uniformity of the rock mass in actual engineering, can comprehensively and accurately describe the geometric and physical information of the blasting funnel pit, does not affect the blasting production, saves the test cost, and makes the explosive parameter design method more scientific, reasonable and efficient.
  • FIG1 is a flow chart of an optimization method for explosive-rock matching parameters based on residual blasting funnel inversion
  • Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a residual blasting funnel
  • Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a residual blasting funnel
  • FIG4 is a three-dimensional blasting numerical simulation model
  • Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the funnel profile numerical simulation inversion.
  • a method for optimizing explosive-rock matching parameters based on residual blasting funnel inversion includes the following steps S1 to S7 .
  • residual blasting funnel contour discrete point cloud fitting fitting the residual blasting funnel 3D laser discrete point cloud data of each typical blast hole, and calculating the residual blasting funnel volume V 1 , depth H 1 , cross-sectional radius r H1 , and longitudinal radius r L1 of each typical blast hole.
  • cleaning out the residual blasting funnel means cleaning out the loose soil at the bottom of the blast hole, and retaining the pit formed by blasting as the residual blasting funnel.
  • the method for selecting typical blast holes is: selecting at least one blast hole in each of the first row, the middle row and the last row of blast holes.
  • step S4 the volume difference ⁇ V , the depth difference ⁇ H , the cross-sectional radius difference ⁇ rH and the longitudinal radius difference ⁇ rL are calculated using the following formulas:
  • step S7 the evaluation criteria of fine ore rate P fine , blasting large block rate P oversize and root rate P toe are: if the fine ore rate P fine ⁇ [P fine ], the large block rate P oversize ⁇ [P oversize ], and the root rate P toe ⁇ [P toe ] are satisfied at the same time, it means that the current explosive-rock matching parameters are reasonable; otherwise, it means that the previously selected explosive-rock matching parameters are unreasonable, and it is necessary to adjust and optimize the explosive performance parameters to enter the next cycle; wherein, [P fine ] is the fine ore rate control index, [P oversize ] is the large block rate control index, and [P toe ] is the root rate control index; the explosive performance parameters include adjustment of explosive density, detonation velocity, and detonation heat parameter indicators.
  • the explosive type used for blasting is mixed emulsion explosive, the step height is 15m, it belongs to deep hole step blasting, and the blasthole diameter is 152mm.
  • the explosive-rock matching parameter optimization method based on residual blasting funnel inversion includes the following steps 1 to 7.
  • the initial density of the mixed emulsion explosive used to crush the limestone mine is 1150kg/m 3
  • the detonation velocity is 4500m/s
  • the rock density is 2625kg/m 3
  • the blasting hole spacing is 6 ⁇ 4m
  • the number of blasting rows is 3
  • the total number of holes is 34, including 12 in the first row, 11 in the middle row, and 11 in the back row.
  • the first step is to clean the residual blasting funnel and scan the contour: carry out blasting operations according to the initial blasting parameters and carry out excavation and slag removal operations on the blast pile; select the third hole in the first row as the typical blasthole (in order to clearly express the method disclosed in the present invention, only one of the blastholes is selected here as the calculation process for explanation, and the calculation process of the middle and last rows of typical blastholes is the same), clean the residual blasting funnel after excavation and loading of the typical blasthole, and obtain the actual residual blasting funnel prototype (see Figures 2 and 3).
  • the second step is to fit the discrete point cloud of the residual blasting funnel contour: use a 3D laser scanner to obtain the 3D laser point cloud data model of the typical residual blasting funnel; fit the 3D laser discrete point cloud data of each typical residual blasting funnel.
  • the third step is numerical calculation and inversion of the residual blasting funnel contour: combined with the on-site blasting design, a three-dimensional numerical model of group hole blasting is established (see Figure 4), and the blasting rock breaking effect is calculated using a three-dimensional dynamic finite element or discrete element model (see Figure 5).
  • the residual funnel inversion volume V 2 , depth H 2 , cross-sectional radius r H2 , and longitudinal radius r L2 are statistically calculated.
  • the fourth step is to compare the numerical inversion results of the residual blasting funnel contour with the actual results: the volume V 2 , depth H 2 , cross-sectional radius r H2 , and longitudinal radius r L2 obtained by the inversion of the residual blasting funnel are compared with the volume V 1 , depth H 1 , cross-sectional radius r H1 , and longitudinal radius r L1 of the actual residual blasting funnel, and the volume difference ⁇ V , depth difference ⁇ H , cross-sectional radius difference ⁇ rH and longitudinal radius difference ⁇ rL are calculated respectively; the calculation formula is:
  • the fifth step is to judge the difference of residual blasting funnel: compare ⁇ V , ⁇ rH , ⁇ rL and ⁇ H with the corresponding error tolerance values ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 and ⁇ 4 respectively to determine whether they are within the set tolerance range.
  • the general error tolerance range is 5%, so here ⁇ 1 , ⁇ 2 , ⁇ 3 , ⁇ 4 are all set with 5% as the set tolerance value. It can be seen that ⁇ V , The error between the calculated result of ⁇ H and the actual result is small, indicating that the calculation model of the first row of typical blastholes meets the requirements; the difference judgment process of other typical blastholes is the same and will not be repeated here. If it cannot meet the following conditions at the same time: ⁇ V ⁇ 1 , If ⁇ H ⁇ 2 , then return to step 3, adjust the numerical calculation model parameters, and continue to perform the calculation inversion.
  • the sixth step is the numerical calculation and inversion of the complete blast hole blasting damage zone contour: the effective model is used to perform the numerical calculation and inversion of the complete blast hole blasting damage zone contour and parameter optimization.
  • the fine ore rate P fine 16.4%
  • the blasting large block rate P oversize 5.2%
  • the limestone mine powder rate is The ore rate control index, large block rate control index, and root rate control index are usually 15%, 5%, and 2%. According to the extraction results, the powder ore rate and large block rate do not meet the standards, and the explosive performance parameters need to be optimized.
  • Step 7 effect evaluation: optimize the performance parameters of explosives, and repeat the above steps until the powder ore rate control index, large block rate control index, and root rate control index meet the requirements.
  • the beneficial effect of the present disclosure is that it integrates the three-dimensional laser scanning technology and the three-dimensional numerical simulation technology, takes into account the asymmetry of the real blasting funnel and the non-uniformity of the rock mass in actual engineering, can comprehensively and accurately describe the geometric and physical information of the blasting funnel pit, does not affect the blasting production, saves the test cost, and makes the explosive parameter design method more scientific, reasonable and efficient.

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Abstract

Disclosed is an explosive-rock matching parameter optimization design method based on residual blasting crater inversion. The method comprises the steps of performing cleaning and contour scanning on a residual blasting crater, performing contour discrete point cloud fitting on the residual blasting crater, performing contour value calculation and inversion on the residual blasting crater, comparing a contour value inversion result of the residual blasting crater with an actual result, performing difference determination on the residual blasting crater, performing value calculation and inversion on a complete blast-hole blasting destruction partition contour, and performing effect evaluation.

Description

基于残余爆破漏斗反演的炸药-岩石匹配参数优化方法Optimization method of explosive-rock matching parameters based on residual blasting funnel inversion
相关申请的交叉引用CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS
本公开要求享有2022年12月15日提交的名称为“基于残余爆破漏斗反演的炸药-岩石匹配参数优化方法”的中国专利申请CN202211681460.6的优先权，其全部内容通过引用并入本公开中。The present disclosure claims priority to Chinese patent application CN202211681460.6 filed on December 15, 2022, entitled “Explosive-Rock Matching Parameter Optimization Method Based on Residual Blasting Funnel Inversion”, the entire contents of which are incorporated into the present disclosure by reference.
技术领域Technical Field
本公开涉及爆破参数设计技术领域，特别是一种针对露天和地下现场混装炸药爆破的基于残余爆破漏斗反演的炸药-岩石匹配参数优化设计方法。The present invention relates to the technical field of blasting parameter design, and in particular to an explosive-rock matching parameter optimization design method based on residual blasting funnel inversion for open-pit and underground on-site mixed explosive blasting.
背景技术Background technique
爆破漏斗试验是岩体爆破参数设计中的一种重要试验。炸药在岩体内爆破时传给岩石能量的多少和速度的快慢，取决于岩石性质、炸药性能、药包质量、炸药埋置深度和起爆方式等因素。当埋入岩石中的炸药包临近自由面时，炸药爆炸除在其周围岩石中产生压碎区、裂隙区和震动区之外，岩石在自由面方向的破坏加强，视药包到自由表面距离的不同，还将在自由表面引起岩石的破裂、鼓包和抛掷，在岩石中形成一漏斗状的炸坑，称为爆破漏斗。The blasting funnel test is an important test in the design of rock blasting parameters. The amount of energy and speed of the explosives transferred to the rock when blasting in the rock mass depends on factors such as the rock properties, explosive performance, charge quality, explosive burial depth and detonation method. When the explosive charge buried in the rock is close to the free surface, the explosion of the explosive will not only produce crushing zones, crack zones and vibration zones in the surrounding rocks, but also strengthen the destruction of the rock in the direction of the free surface. Depending on the distance from the charge to the free surface, it will also cause the rock to break, bulge and throw on the free surface, forming a funnel-shaped explosion pit in the rock, which is called a blasting funnel.
传统的爆破漏斗试验存在以下几个缺陷：(1)传统的爆破漏斗试验是基于半无限岩体，而实际工程中的爆破往往是多个炮孔按照一定延期时间间隔起爆的群孔爆破，当前炮孔起爆前，前序起爆的炮孔必然会为它创造一个爆生自由面，即实际工程中的炮孔爆破一般不可能是半无限岩体，所以爆破漏斗不会是旋转轴对称的，真实的爆破漏斗在不同界面上的形态是不同的；(2)传统的爆破漏斗试验通常是基于小直径、浅孔、包装炸药等效球状药包集中装药的，然而实际工程中的露天或者地下现场混装炸药爆破往往是相对大孔径、深孔、延长装药，并不能等效成球状药包集中装药；(3)传统的专门爆破漏斗试验成本较高，影响正常的生产施工，难以大规模开展，浅部钻孔数据不能反映中深部的岩体特性，且仅仅依靠爆破漏斗体积、角度、深度三个参数是无法全面准确描述爆破漏斗坑的几何物理信息，在深孔爆破工程中基于这种浅部漏斗试验得到的数据可能会误导爆破参数设计。The traditional blasting funnel test has the following defects: (1) The traditional blasting funnel test is based on semi-infinite rock mass, while the blasting in actual engineering is often a group blasting in which multiple blastholes are detonated at a certain delay time interval. Before the current blasthole is detonated, the previous blasthole will inevitably create a blasting free surface for it. That is, the blasting of blastholes in actual engineering is generally not possible to be semi-infinite rock mass, so the blasting funnel will not be symmetrical about the rotation axis. The shape of the real blasting funnel on different interfaces is different; (2) The traditional blasting funnel test is usually based on small diameter, shallow hole, packaged explosive equivalent spherical The explosive packs are centrally loaded. However, in actual open-air or underground blasting, the holes are often relatively large in diameter, deep in hole, and the charges are extended, which cannot be equivalent to the spherical explosive packs centrally loaded. (3) The traditional special blasting funnel test is costly, which affects normal production and construction and is difficult to carry out on a large scale. The shallow drilling data cannot reflect the characteristics of the rock mass in the middle and deep parts. Moreover, it is impossible to fully and accurately describe the geometric and physical information of the blasting funnel pit by relying solely on the three parameters of the blasting funnel volume, angle, and depth. In deep hole blasting projects, the data obtained based on this shallow funnel test may mislead the design of blasting parameters.
为了优化相关的中深孔凿岩爆破参数,通过系列爆破漏斗试验，为爆破设计提供合理的炸药单耗、最小抵抗线和最大孔底距参数范围，从而改善爆破效果，降低爆破成本。亟待提出一种针对现场混装炸药爆破的基于残余爆破漏斗反演的炸药-岩石匹配参数优化设计方法，既科学合理，节省试验成本，又不影响正常的生产施工。 In order to optimize the relevant medium-deep hole drilling blasting parameters, a series of blasting funnel tests are conducted to provide reasonable explosive unit consumption, minimum resistance line and maximum hole bottom distance parameter range for blasting design, thereby improving blasting effect and reducing blasting cost. It is urgent to propose an explosive-rock matching parameter optimization design method based on residual blasting funnel inversion for on-site mixed explosive blasting, which is both scientific and reasonable, saves test costs, and does not affect normal production and construction.
发明内容Summary of the invention
针对相关爆破漏斗试验基于半无限岩体和小直径浅孔条件下进行，并需专门试验，存在试验周期长，且试验结果不可靠的隐患，本公开提出了一种基于残余爆破漏斗反演的炸药-岩石匹配参数优化设计方法，本方法利用在挖装之后的底平面上的炮孔孔底位置形成的残余爆破漏斗，并通过对残余爆破漏斗清理和轮廓三维激光扫描，计算各个典型残余爆破漏斗几何参数，对底部残余爆破漏斗和完整炮孔破坏分区范围进行数值计算反演，最后根据粉矿率、大块率和根底率三个指标评价炸药-岩石匹配参数的合理性，进而调整炸药密度、爆速、爆热等性能参数。In view of the fact that relevant blasting funnel tests are carried out under the conditions of semi-infinite rock mass and small-diameter shallow holes, and special tests are required, which have the risks of long test cycles and unreliable test results, the present invention proposes an explosive-rock matching parameter optimization design method based on residual blasting funnel inversion. This method utilizes the residual blasting funnel formed at the bottom of the blasthole on the bottom plane after excavation and loading, and calculates the geometric parameters of each typical residual blasting funnel by cleaning and three-dimensional laser scanning of the residual blasting funnel, and numerically calculates and inverts the bottom residual blasting funnel and the complete blasthole damage zoning range. Finally, the rationality of the explosive-rock matching parameters is evaluated according to the three indicators of powder ore rate, large block rate and root rate, and then the performance parameters such as explosive density, detonation velocity and detonation heat are adjusted.
为实现前述目的，本公开提供了一种基于残余爆破漏斗反演的炸药-岩石匹配参数优化方法，包括以下步骤：S1，残余爆破漏斗清理和轮廓扫描：按照初始炸药-岩石匹配参数进行爆破作业、挖装，选取典型炮孔，清理出残余爆破漏斗；采用三维激光扫描仪获取典型残余爆破漏斗的三维激光点云数据模型；S2，残余爆破漏斗的轮廓离散点云拟合：对各典型炮孔的残余爆破漏斗三维激光离散点云数据进行拟合，并计算各个典型炮孔的残余爆破漏斗体积V1、深度H1、横截半径rH1、纵截半径rL1；S3，残余爆破漏斗轮廓数值计算反演：结合现场爆破设计，建立群孔爆破三维数值建模，采用三维动力有限元或离散元模型计算爆破破岩效果，反演得到典型炮孔残余爆破漏斗的理论体积V2、深度H2、横截半径rH2、纵截半径rL2；S4、残余爆破漏斗轮廓数值反演结果和实际结果对比：分别将残余爆破漏斗反演得到的体积V2、深度H2、横截半径rH2、纵截半径rL2与实际残余爆破漏斗的体积V1、深度H1、横截半径rH1、纵截半径rL1进行比较，并分别计算体积差ηV、深度差ηH、横截半径差ηrH和纵截半径差ηrL；S5、残余爆破漏斗差异判断：分别将ηV、ηrH、ηrL和ηH与对应的误差容许值η1、η2、η3和η4比较，在不能同时满足：ηV≤η1，ηH≤η2的情况下，则返回步骤S3，并调整数值计算模型参数后，继续执行计算反演；在同时满足：ηV≤η1，ηH≤η2的情况下，则进入下一步；其中，η1、η2、η3、η4为误差容许范围；S6，完整炮孔爆破破坏分区轮廓数值计算反演：在群孔爆破数值计算模型上反演完整的炮孔爆破破坏分区轮廓，并在此基础上计算粉矿率Pfine、爆破大块率Poversize和根底率Ptoe；以及S7、效果评价：分别基于评价标准对粉矿率Pfine、爆破大块率Poversize和根底率Ptoe进行评价，若全部合格，则结束；在任一项不合格的情况下，则优化炸药-岩石匹配参数，并返回S1。 To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present disclosure provides an explosive-rock matching parameter optimization method based on residual blasting funnel inversion, comprising the following steps: S1, residual blasting funnel cleaning and contour scanning: blasting operation and excavation are performed according to the initial explosive-rock matching parameters, typical blast holes are selected, and the residual blasting funnel is cleaned out; a three-dimensional laser point cloud data model of a typical residual blasting funnel is obtained by using a three-dimensional laser scanner; S2, residual blasting funnel contour discrete point cloud fitting: the three-dimensional laser discrete point cloud data of the residual blasting funnel of each typical blast hole is fitted, and the residual blasting funnel volume V1 , depth H1 , cross-sectional radius rH1 , and longitudinal radius rL1 of each typical blast hole are calculated; S3, residual blasting funnel contour numerical calculation inversion: combined with on-site blasting design, a three-dimensional numerical modeling of group hole blasting is established, and a three-dimensional dynamic finite element or discrete element model is used to calculate the blasting rock breaking effect, and the theoretical volume V2 , depth H2 , cross-sectional radius rH2 , and longitudinal radius rL2 of the residual blasting funnel of the typical blast hole are obtained by inversion. ; S4, comparison between the numerical inversion results of the residual blasting funnel contour and the actual results: respectively compare the volume V 2 , depth H 2 , cross-sectional radius r H2 , and longitudinal radius r L2 obtained by the inversion of the residual blasting funnel with the volume V 1 , depth H 1 , cross-sectional radius r H1 , and longitudinal radius r L1 of the actual residual blasting funnel, and calculate the volume difference η V , depth difference η H , cross-sectional radius difference η rH , and longitudinal radius difference η rL ; S5, residual blasting funnel difference judgment: respectively compare η V , η rH , η rL , and η H with the corresponding error tolerance values η 1 , η 2 , η 3 , and η 4 . If the following conditions cannot be satisfied at the same time: η V ≤η 1 , When η H ≤η 2 , the process returns to step S3, and after adjusting the numerical calculation model parameters, the calculation inversion is continued; when η V ≤η 1 , When η H ≤η 2 , proceed to the next step; wherein η 1 , η 2 , η 3 , and η 4 are the allowable error ranges; S6, numerical calculation inversion of complete blast hole blasting damage zoning contour: invert the complete blast hole blasting damage zoning contour on the group hole blasting numerical calculation model, and calculate the fine ore rate P fine , blasting large block rate P oversize , and root rate P toe on this basis; and S7, effect evaluation: evaluate the fine ore rate P fine , blasting large block rate P oversize , and root rate P toe based on the evaluation criteria respectively, and if all are qualified, end; if any one is unqualified, optimize the explosive-rock matching parameters and return to S1.
在一些实施例中，在步骤S1中，清理出残余爆破漏斗是指清理掉炮孔孔底位置的浮土，保留爆破形成凹坑作为残余爆破漏斗；另外，典型炮孔的选择方法为：在第一排、中间排和最后排炮孔中每排各选取至少一个炮孔。In some embodiments, in step S1, cleaning out the residual blasting funnel means cleaning out the loose soil at the bottom of the blast hole, and retaining the pit formed by the blasting as the residual blasting funnel; in addition, the method for selecting typical blast holes is: selecting at least one blast hole in each row of the first row, the middle row and the last row of blast holes.
在一些实施例中，在步骤S4中，体积差ηV、深度差ηH；横截半径差ηrH和纵截半径差ηrL分别采用以下公式计算：



In some embodiments, in step S4, the volume difference η V , the depth difference η H , the cross-sectional radius difference η rH and the longitudinal radius difference η rL are calculated using the following formulas:



在一些实施例中，在步骤S7中，所述粉矿率Pfine、爆破大块率Poversize和根底率Ptoe的评价标准为：在同时满足粉矿率Pfine≤[Pfine]，大块率Poversize≤[Poversize]，根底率Ptoe≤[Ptoe]的情况下，则说明目前的炸药-岩石匹配参数是合理的；否则，则说明之前选取的炸药-岩石匹配参数是不合理的，需要调整优化炸药性能参数，进入下一轮循环；其中，[Pfine]是粉矿率控制指标，[Poversize]是大块率控制指标，[Ptoe]根底率控制指标；炸药性能参数包括调整炸药密度、爆速、爆热参数指标。In some embodiments, in step S7, the evaluation criteria of the fine ore rate P fine , the blasting large block rate P oversize and the root rate P toe are: when the fine ore rate P fine ≤ [P fine ], the large block rate P oversize ≤ [P oversize ], and the root rate P toe ≤ [P toe ] are satisfied at the same time, it means that the current explosive-rock matching parameters are reasonable; otherwise, it means that the previously selected explosive-rock matching parameters are unreasonable, and it is necessary to adjust and optimize the explosive performance parameters to enter the next cycle; wherein, [P fine ] is the fine ore rate control index, [P oversize ] is the large block rate control index, and [P toe ] is the root rate control index; the explosive performance parameters include adjusting the explosive density, detonation velocity, and detonation heat parameter indicators.
本公开的有益效果是，融合了三维激光扫描技术和三维数值仿真技术，考虑了实际工程中的真实的爆破漏斗的非对称性和岩体的非均匀性，可以全面准确描述爆破漏斗坑的几何物理信息，不影响爆破生产，节省试验成本，使炸药参数设计方法更加科学合理、高效。The beneficial effect of the present disclosure is that it integrates the three-dimensional laser scanning technology and the three-dimensional numerical simulation technology, takes into account the asymmetry of the real blasting funnel and the non-uniformity of the rock mass in actual engineering, can comprehensively and accurately describe the geometric and physical information of the blasting funnel pit, does not affect the blasting production, saves the test cost, and makes the explosive parameter design method more scientific, reasonable and efficient.
附图说明BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
图1是基于残余爆破漏斗反演的炸药-岩石匹配参数优化方法流程图；FIG1 is a flow chart of an optimization method for explosive-rock matching parameters based on residual blasting funnel inversion;
图2是残余爆破漏斗示意图；Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a residual blasting funnel;
图3是残余爆破漏斗截面图；Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a residual blasting funnel;
图4是三维爆破数值仿真模型；以及FIG4 is a three-dimensional blasting numerical simulation model; and
图5是漏斗轮廓数值仿真反演剖面图。Figure 5 is a cross-sectional view of the funnel profile numerical simulation inversion.
图中，1—岩体上台阶面；2—炮孔；3—台阶前沿线；4,5,6—选取的典型爆破残余漏斗坑；7—下台阶面；8—炮孔超深；9—底板损伤范围轮廓线；10—残余漏斗坑剖面；11临 空面；12—坡脚线；13—已挖走的岩体；14—残余爆破漏斗中的岩块；15—残余爆破漏斗的轮廓；16—反演的完整爆破漏斗轮廓线；17—数值仿真反演漏斗轮廓；18—数值计算模型中的炮孔。In the figure, 1 is the upper step surface of the rock mass; 2 is the blast hole; 3 is the front line of the step; 4, 5, 6 are the selected typical residual funnel pits of blasting; 7 is the lower step surface; 8 is the super-deep blast hole; 9 is the contour line of the bottom plate damage range; 10 is the section of the residual funnel pit; 11 is the Empty face; 12—slope foot line; 13—rock mass that has been excavated; 14—rock blocks in the residual blasting funnel; 15—outline of the residual blasting funnel; 16—inverted contour line of the complete blasting funnel; 17—numerical simulation inversion funnel contour; 18—blast holes in the numerical calculation model.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面结合附图对本公开作进一步的说明，但并不因此将本公开限制在所述的实施例范围之中。The present disclosure is further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the present disclosure is not limited to the scope of the described embodiments.
参见图1、图2、图3、图4和图5，一种基于残余爆破漏斗反演的炸药-岩石匹配参数优化方法，包括以下步骤S1至S7。Referring to FIG. 1 , FIG. 2 , FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 and FIG. 5 , a method for optimizing explosive-rock matching parameters based on residual blasting funnel inversion includes the following steps S1 to S7 .
S1，残余爆破漏斗清理和轮廓扫描：按照初始炸药-岩石匹配参数进行爆破作业、挖装，选取典型炮孔，清理出残余爆破漏斗；采用三维激光扫描仪获取典型残余爆破漏斗的三维激光点云数据模型。S1, residual blasting funnel cleaning and contour scanning: blasting operations and excavation are carried out according to the initial explosive-rock matching parameters, typical blast holes are selected, and residual blasting funnels are cleaned out; a 3D laser scanner is used to obtain a 3D laser point cloud data model of a typical residual blasting funnel.
S2，残余爆破漏斗的轮廓离散点云拟合：对各典型炮孔的残余爆破漏斗三维激光离散点云数据进行拟合，并计算各个典型炮孔的残余爆破漏斗体积V1、深度H1、横截半径rH1、纵截半径rL1。S2, residual blasting funnel contour discrete point cloud fitting: fitting the residual blasting funnel 3D laser discrete point cloud data of each typical blast hole, and calculating the residual blasting funnel volume V 1 , depth H 1 , cross-sectional radius r H1 , and longitudinal radius r L1 of each typical blast hole.
S3，残余爆破漏斗轮廓数值计算反演：结合现场爆破设计，建立群孔爆破三维数值建模，采用三维动力有限元或离散元模型计算爆破破岩效果，反演得到典型炮孔残余爆破漏斗的理论体积V2、深度H2、横截半径rH2、纵截半径rL2。S3, numerical calculation and inversion of residual blasting funnel contour: Combined with the on-site blasting design, a three-dimensional numerical modeling of group hole blasting is established, and the blasting rock breaking effect is calculated using a three-dimensional dynamic finite element or discrete element model. The theoretical volume V 2 , depth H 2 , cross-sectional radius r H2 , and longitudinal radius r L2 of the residual blasting funnel of a typical blasthole are inverted.
S4、残余爆破漏斗轮廓数值反演结果和实际结果对比：分别将残余爆破漏斗反演得到的体积V2、深度H2、横截半径rH2、纵截半径rL2与实际残余爆破漏斗的体积V1、深度H1、横截半径rH1、纵截半径rL1进行比较，并分别计算体积差ηV、深度差ηH、横截半径差ηrH和纵截半径差ηrL。S4. Comparison between the numerical inversion results and actual results of the residual blasting funnel contour: The volume V 2 , depth H 2 , cross-sectional radius r H2 , and longitudinal cross-sectional radius r L2 obtained by the inversion of the residual blasting funnel are compared with the volume V 1 , depth H 1 , cross-sectional radius r H1 , and longitudinal cross-sectional radius r L1 of the actual residual blasting funnel, and the volume difference η V , depth difference η H , cross-sectional radius difference η rH , and longitudinal cross-sectional radius difference η rL , are calculated respectively.
S5、残余爆破漏斗差异判断：分别将ηV、ηrH、ηrL和ηH与对应的误差容许值η1、η2、η3和η4比较，若不能同时满足：ηV≤η1，ηH≤η2，则返回步骤S3，并调整数值计算模型参数后，继续执行计算反演；若同时满足：ηV≤η1，ηH≤η2，则进入下一步；其中，η1、η2、η3、η4为误差容许范围。S5. Determination of residual blasting funnel differences: Compare η V , η rH , η rL and η H with the corresponding error tolerances η 1 , η 2 , η 3 and η 4 respectively. If they cannot satisfy the following conditions at the same time: η V ≤η 1 , η H ≤η 2 , then return to step S3, and after adjusting the numerical calculation model parameters, continue to perform the calculation inversion; if it also satisfies: η V ≤η 1 , If η H ≤η 2 , proceed to the next step; where η 1 , η 2 , η 3 , and η 4 are the allowable error ranges.
S6，完整炮孔爆破破坏分区轮廓数值计算反演：在群孔爆破数值计算模型上反演完整的炮孔爆破破坏分区轮廓，并在此基础上计算粉矿率Pfine、爆破大块率Poversize和根底率Ptoe。S6, numerical calculation inversion of complete blast hole blasting damage zone contour: invert the complete blast hole blasting damage zone contour on the group hole blasting numerical calculation model, and on this basis calculate the fine ore rate P fine , blasting large block rate P oversize and bottom rate P toe .
S7、效果评价：分别基于评价标准对粉矿率Pfine、爆破大块率Poversize和根底率Ptoe进 行评价，若全部合格，则结束；若任一项不合格，则优化炸药-岩石匹配参数，并返回S1。S7. Effect evaluation: Based on the evaluation criteria, the fine ore rate P fine , the blasting block rate P oversize and the bottom rate P toe are evaluated. If all items are qualified, the process ends; if any item is unqualified, the explosive-rock matching parameters are optimized and the process returns to S1.
在步骤S1中，清理出残余爆破漏斗是指清理掉炮孔孔底位置的浮土，保留爆破形成凹坑作为残余爆破漏斗。另外，典型炮孔的选择方法为：在第一排、中间排和最后排炮孔中每排各选取至少一个炮孔。In step S1, cleaning out the residual blasting funnel means cleaning out the loose soil at the bottom of the blast hole, and retaining the pit formed by blasting as the residual blasting funnel. In addition, the method for selecting typical blast holes is: selecting at least one blast hole in each of the first row, the middle row and the last row of blast holes.
在步骤S4中，体积差ηV、深度差ηH；横截半径差ηrH和纵截半径差ηrL分别采用以下公式计算：



In step S4, the volume difference η V , the depth difference η H , the cross-sectional radius difference η rH and the longitudinal radius difference η rL are calculated using the following formulas:



在步骤S7中，粉矿率Pfine、爆破大块率Poversize和根底率Ptoe的评价标准为：若同时满足粉矿率Pfine≤[Pfine]，大块率Poversize≤[Poversize]，根底率Ptoe≤[Ptoe]，则说明目前的炸药-岩石匹配参数是合理的；否则，则说明之前选取的炸药-岩石匹配参数是不合理的，需要调整优化炸药性能参数，进入下一轮循环；其中，[Pfine]是粉矿率控制指标，[Poversize]是大块率控制指标，[Ptoe]根底率控制指标；炸药性能参数包括调整炸药密度、爆速、爆热参数指标。In step S7, the evaluation criteria of fine ore rate P fine , blasting large block rate P oversize and root rate P toe are: if the fine ore rate P fine ≤ [P fine ], the large block rate P oversize ≤ [P oversize ], and the root rate P toe ≤ [P toe ] are satisfied at the same time, it means that the current explosive-rock matching parameters are reasonable; otherwise, it means that the previously selected explosive-rock matching parameters are unreasonable, and it is necessary to adjust and optimize the explosive performance parameters to enter the next cycle; wherein, [P fine ] is the fine ore rate control index, [P oversize ] is the large block rate control index, and [P toe ] is the root rate control index; the explosive performance parameters include adjustment of explosive density, detonation velocity, and detonation heat parameter indicators.
以某大型露天石灰石矿山爆破开采为例，爆破所用炸药类型为混装乳化炸药，台阶高度15m，属于深孔台阶爆破，炮孔直径152mm。参见图1，该基于残余爆破漏斗反演的炸药-岩石匹配参数优化方法，包括如下第一步至第七步。Taking the blasting mining of a large open-pit limestone mine as an example, the explosive type used for blasting is mixed emulsion explosive, the step height is 15m, it belongs to deep hole step blasting, and the blasthole diameter is 152mm. Referring to Figure 1, the explosive-rock matching parameter optimization method based on residual blasting funnel inversion includes the following steps 1 to 7.
首先获取初始用于破碎该石灰石矿山混装乳化炸药密度为1150kg/m3，爆速为4500m/s，岩石密度为2625kg/m3，爆破孔排距为6×4m，爆破排数3排，总孔数34个，其中第一排12个，中间排11个，后排11个。First, the initial density of the mixed emulsion explosive used to crush the limestone mine is 1150kg/m 3 , the detonation velocity is 4500m/s, the rock density is 2625kg/m 3 , the blasting hole spacing is 6×4m, the number of blasting rows is 3, and the total number of holes is 34, including 12 in the first row, 11 in the middle row, and 11 in the back row.
第一步，残余爆破漏斗清理和轮廓扫描：按照初始爆破参数进行爆破作业并对爆堆进行挖装清渣作业；选取第一排的第3个孔作为典型炮孔(为了清晰表达本公开的方法，此处仅选取其中一个炮孔作为计算过程阐述，中间排和最后排典型炮孔计算过程相同)，对典型炮孔挖装后残余爆破漏斗进行清理，获取实际残余爆破漏斗雏形(见图2和图3)。The first step is to clean the residual blasting funnel and scan the contour: carry out blasting operations according to the initial blasting parameters and carry out excavation and slag removal operations on the blast pile; select the third hole in the first row as the typical blasthole (in order to clearly express the method disclosed in the present invention, only one of the blastholes is selected here as the calculation process for explanation, and the calculation process of the middle and last rows of typical blastholes is the same), clean the residual blasting funnel after excavation and loading of the typical blasthole, and obtain the actual residual blasting funnel prototype (see Figures 2 and 3).
第二步，残余爆破漏斗的轮廓离散点云拟合：采用三维激光扫描仪获取典型残余爆破漏斗的三维激光点云数据模型；对各典型残余爆破漏斗的三维激光离散点云数据进行拟合， 并采用三维软件计算获取的典型炮孔残余漏斗坑体积V1、深度H1、横截半径rH1、纵截半径rL1，计算结果如下：第一排的典型炮孔：体积V11＝14.39m3，深度H11＝2.2m，横截半径rH11＝2.5m，纵截半径rL11＝2.3m；其它典型炮孔计算步骤相同，在此不再赘述。The second step is to fit the discrete point cloud of the residual blasting funnel contour: use a 3D laser scanner to obtain the 3D laser point cloud data model of the typical residual blasting funnel; fit the 3D laser discrete point cloud data of each typical residual blasting funnel. The volume V 1 , depth H 1 , cross-sectional radius r H1 , and longitudinal radius r L1 of typical blasthole residual funnel pits were calculated using three-dimensional software, and the calculation results are as follows: typical blastholes in the first row: volume V 11 ＝14.39m 3 , depth H 11 ＝2.2m, cross-sectional radius r H11 ＝2.5m, longitudinal radius r L11 ＝2.3m; the calculation steps for other typical blastholes are the same and will not be repeated here.
第三步，残余爆破漏斗轮廓数值计算反演：结合现场爆破设计，建立群孔爆破三维数值模型(见图4)，采用三维动力有限元或离散元模型计算爆破破岩效果(见图5)，统计残余漏斗反演体积V2、深度H2、横截半径rH2、纵截半径rL2，计算结果如下：第一排的典型炮孔：体积V21＝14.78m3，深度H21＝2.3m，横截半径rH21＝2.6m，纵截半径rL21＝2.4m；其它典型炮孔反演过程相同，在此不再赘述结果。The third step is numerical calculation and inversion of the residual blasting funnel contour: combined with the on-site blasting design, a three-dimensional numerical model of group hole blasting is established (see Figure 4), and the blasting rock breaking effect is calculated using a three-dimensional dynamic finite element or discrete element model (see Figure 5). The residual funnel inversion volume V 2 , depth H 2 , cross-sectional radius r H2 , and longitudinal radius r L2 are statistically calculated. The calculation results are as follows: Typical blastholes in the first row: volume V 21 =14.78m 3 , depth H 21 =2.3m, cross-sectional radius r H21 =2.6m, longitudinal radius r L21 =2.4m; the inversion process of other typical blastholes is the same, and the results will not be repeated here.
第四步，残余爆破漏斗轮廓数值反演结果和实际结果对比：分别将残余爆破漏斗反演得到的体积V2、深度H2、横截半径rH2、纵截半径rL2与实际残余爆破漏斗的体积V1、深度H1、横截半径rH1、纵截半径rL1进行比较，并分别计算体积差ηV、深度差ηH、横截半径差ηrH和纵截半径差ηrL；计算公式为：



The fourth step is to compare the numerical inversion results of the residual blasting funnel contour with the actual results: the volume V 2 , depth H 2 , cross-sectional radius r H2 , and longitudinal radius r L2 obtained by the inversion of the residual blasting funnel are compared with the volume V 1 , depth H 1 , cross-sectional radius r H1 , and longitudinal radius r L1 of the actual residual blasting funnel, and the volume difference η V , depth difference η H , cross-sectional radius difference η rH and longitudinal radius difference η rL are calculated respectively; the calculation formula is:



第一排的典型炮孔的计算结果如下：ηV＝2.64％，ηH＝4.35％；其它典型炮孔反演结果被省略。The calculation results for the first row of typical blast holes are as follows: η V = 2.64%, η H =4.35%; other typical blasthole inversion results are omitted.
第五步，残余爆破漏斗差异判断：分别将ηV、ηrH、ηrL和ηH与对应的误差容许值η1、η2、η3和η4比较，判别是否在设定容差范围内，一般误差容许范围取值为5％，故此处η1、η2、η3、η4均以5％作为设定容差值，可见ηV，ηH计算结果与实际结果误差较小，说明第一排典型炮孔的计算模型符合要求；其它典型炮孔的差异判断过程相同，在此不再赘述。若不能同时满足：ηV≤η1，ηH≤η2，则返回步骤第三步，并调整数值计算模型参数后，继续执行计算反演。The fifth step is to judge the difference of residual blasting funnel: compare η V , η rH , η rL and η H with the corresponding error tolerance values η 1 , η 2 , η 3 and η 4 respectively to determine whether they are within the set tolerance range. The general error tolerance range is 5%, so here η 1 , η 2 , η 3 , η 4 are all set with 5% as the set tolerance value. It can be seen that η V , The error between the calculated result of η H and the actual result is small, indicating that the calculation model of the first row of typical blastholes meets the requirements; the difference judgment process of other typical blastholes is the same and will not be repeated here. If it cannot meet the following conditions at the same time: η V ≤η 1 , If η H ≤η 2 , then return to step 3, adjust the numerical calculation model parameters, and continue to perform the calculation inversion.
第六步，完整炮孔爆破破坏分区轮廓数值计算反演：使用该有效模型进行完整炮孔爆破破坏分区轮廓数值计算反演、参数优化，根据数值模型计算的结果提取粉矿率Pfine＝16.4％、爆破大块率Poversize＝5.2％和根底率Ptoe＝1.2％，分别与粉矿率控制指标Pfine，大块率控制指标Poversize，根底率控制指标Ptoe进行比较判定是否需要进行炸药参数调整，石灰石矿山粉 矿率控制指标、大块率控制指标、根底率控制指标通常取15％、5％、2％，根据提取结果，说明粉矿率、大块率不达标，需要进行炸药性能参数优化。The sixth step is the numerical calculation and inversion of the complete blast hole blasting damage zone contour: the effective model is used to perform the numerical calculation and inversion of the complete blast hole blasting damage zone contour and parameter optimization. According to the results of the numerical model calculation, the fine ore rate P fine = 16.4%, the blasting large block rate P oversize = 5.2% and the root rate P toe = 1.2% are extracted, and compared with the fine ore rate control index P fine , the large block rate control index P oversize , and the root rate control index P toe to determine whether the explosive parameters need to be adjusted. The limestone mine powder rate is The ore rate control index, large block rate control index, and root rate control index are usually 15%, 5%, and 2%. According to the extraction results, the powder ore rate and large block rate do not meet the standards, and the explosive performance parameters need to be optimized.
第七步，效果评价：进行炸药性能参数优化，循环上述步骤，直至粉矿率控制指标、大块率控制指标、根底率控制指标符合要求。Step 7, effect evaluation: optimize the performance parameters of explosives, and repeat the above steps until the powder ore rate control index, large block rate control index, and root rate control index meet the requirements.
本公开的有益效果是，融合了三维激光扫描技术和三维数值仿真技术，考虑了实际工程中真实的爆破漏斗的非对称性和岩体的非均匀性，可以全面准确描述爆破漏斗坑的几何物理信息，不影响爆破生产，节省试验成本，使炸药参数设计方法更加科学合理、高效。The beneficial effect of the present disclosure is that it integrates the three-dimensional laser scanning technology and the three-dimensional numerical simulation technology, takes into account the asymmetry of the real blasting funnel and the non-uniformity of the rock mass in actual engineering, can comprehensively and accurately describe the geometric and physical information of the blasting funnel pit, does not affect the blasting production, saves the test cost, and makes the explosive parameter design method more scientific, reasonable and efficient.
以上详细描述了本公开的实施例。应当理解，本领域的普通技术人员无需创造性劳动就可以根据本公开的构思作出诸多修改和变化。因此，凡本技术领域中技术人员依本公开的构思在相关技术的基础上通过逻辑分析、推理或者有限的实验可以得到的技术方案，皆应在由权利要求书所确定的保护范围内。 The embodiments of the present disclosure are described in detail above. It should be understood that a person skilled in the art can make many modifications and changes according to the concept of the present disclosure without creative work. Therefore, any technical solution that can be obtained by a person skilled in the art through logical analysis, reasoning or limited experiments based on the concept of the present disclosure on the basis of relevant technologies should be within the scope of protection determined by the claims.

Claims (4)

  1. 一种基于残余爆破漏斗反演的炸药-岩石匹配参数优化方法，包括：An explosive-rock matching parameter optimization method based on residual blasting funnel inversion, comprising:
    S1，残余爆破漏斗清理和轮廓扫描：按照初始炸药-岩石匹配参数进行爆破作业、挖装，选取典型炮孔，清理出残余爆破漏斗；采用三维激光扫描仪获取典型残余爆破漏斗的三维激光点云数据模型；S1, residual blasting funnel cleaning and contour scanning: blasting operation and excavation are carried out according to the initial explosive-rock matching parameters, typical blast holes are selected, and residual blasting funnels are cleaned out; a 3D laser point cloud data model of a typical residual blasting funnel is obtained using a 3D laser scanner;
    S2，残余爆破漏斗的轮廓离散点云拟合：对各典型炮孔的残余爆破漏斗三维激光离散点云数据进行拟合，并计算各个典型炮孔的残余爆破漏斗体积V1、深度H1、横截半径rH1、纵截半径rL1；S2, residual blasting funnel contour discrete point cloud fitting: fitting the residual blasting funnel 3D laser discrete point cloud data of each typical blast hole, and calculating the residual blasting funnel volume V 1 , depth H 1 , cross-sectional radius r H1 , and longitudinal radius r L1 of each typical blast hole;
    S3，残余爆破漏斗轮廓数值计算反演：结合现场爆破设计，建立群孔爆破三维数值建模，采用三维动力有限元或离散元模型计算爆破破岩效果，反演得到典型炮孔残余爆破漏斗的理论体积V2、深度H2、横截半径rH2、纵截半径rL2；S3, numerical calculation and inversion of residual blasting funnel contour: Combined with the on-site blasting design, a three-dimensional numerical modeling of group hole blasting is established, and the blasting rock breaking effect is calculated using a three-dimensional dynamic finite element or discrete element model. The theoretical volume V 2 , depth H 2 , cross-sectional radius r H2 , and longitudinal radius r L2 of the residual blasting funnel of a typical blasthole are obtained by inversion;
    S4、残余爆破漏斗轮廓数值反演结果和实际结果对比：分别将残余爆破漏斗反演得到的体积V2、深度H2、横截半径rH2、纵截半径rL2与实际残余爆破漏斗的体积V1、深度H1、横截半径rH1、纵截半径rL1进行比较，并分别计算体积差ηV、深度差ηH、横截半径差ηrH和纵截半径差ηrL；S4. Comparison between the numerical inversion results and actual results of the residual blasting funnel contour: the volume V 2 , depth H 2 , cross-sectional radius r H2 , and longitudinal radius r L2 obtained by the inversion of the residual blasting funnel are compared with the volume V 1 , depth H 1 , cross-sectional radius r H1 , and longitudinal radius r L1 of the actual residual blasting funnel, and the volume difference η V , depth difference η H , cross-sectional radius difference η rH , and longitudinal radius difference η rL , are calculated respectively;
    S5、残余爆破漏斗差异判断：分别将ηV、ηrH、ηrL和ηH与对应的误差容许值η1、η2、η3和η4比较，在不能同时满足：ηV≤η1，ηH≤η2的情况下，则返回步骤S3，并调整数值计算模型参数后，继续执行计算反演；在同时满足：ηV≤η1， ηH≤η2的情况下，则进入下一步；其中，η1、η2、η3、η4为误差容许范围；S5. Determination of residual blasting funnel differences: Compare η V , η rH , η rL and η H with the corresponding error tolerances η 1 , η 2 , η 3 and η 4 respectively. If η V ≤η 1 cannot be satisfied at the same time, When η H ≤η 2 , the process returns to step S3, and after adjusting the numerical calculation model parameters, the calculation inversion is continued; when η V ≤η 1 , When η H ≤η 2 , proceed to the next step; wherein η 1 , η 2 , η 3 , η 4 are the allowable error ranges;
    S6，完整炮孔爆破破坏分区轮廓数值计算反演：在群孔爆破数值计算模型上反演完整的炮孔爆破破坏分区轮廓，并在此基础上计算粉矿率Pfine、爆破大块率Poversize和根底率Ptoe；以及S6, numerical calculation inversion of complete blast hole blasting damage zone contour: invert the complete blast hole blasting damage zone contour on the group hole blasting numerical calculation model, and calculate the fine ore rate P fine , blasting large block rate P oversize and bottom rate P toe on this basis; and
    S7、效果评价：分别基于评价标准对粉矿率Pfine、爆破大块率Poversize和根底率Ptoe进行评价，在全部合格的情况下，则结束；在任一项不合格的情况下，则优化炸药-岩石匹配参数，并返回S1。S7, effect evaluation: based on the evaluation criteria, the fine ore rate P fine , the blasting large block rate P oversize and the bottom rate P toe are evaluated respectively. If all are qualified, the process ends; if any one is unqualified, the explosive-rock matching parameters are optimized and the process returns to S1.
  2. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在步骤S4中，体积差ηV、深度差ηH、横截半径差ηrH和纵截半径差ηrL分别采用以下公式计算：



    The method according to claim 1, wherein in step S4, the volume difference η V , the depth difference η H , the cross-sectional radius difference η rH and the longitudinal sectional radius difference η rL are calculated using the following formulas respectively:



  3. 根据权利要求1所述的方法，其中，在步骤S7中，所述粉矿率Pfine、爆破大块率Poversize和根底率Ptoe的评价标准为：在同时满足粉矿率Pfine≤[Pfine]，大块率Poversize≤[Poversize]，根底率Ptoe≤[Ptoe]的情况下，则说明目前的炸药-岩石匹配参数是合理的；否则，则说明之前选取的炸药-岩石匹配参数是不合理的，需要调整优化炸药性能参数，进入下一轮循环；其中，[Pfine]是粉矿率控制指标，[Poversize]是大块率控制指标，[Ptoe]根底率控制指标；炸药性能参数包括调整炸药密度、爆速、爆热参数指标。According to the method of claim 1, wherein, in step S7, the evaluation criteria of the fine ore rate P fine , the blasting large block rate P oversize and the root rate P toe are: when the fine ore rate P fine ≤ [P fine ], the large block rate P oversize ≤ [P oversize ], and the root rate P toe ≤ [P toe ] are satisfied at the same time, it means that the current explosive-rock matching parameters are reasonable; otherwise, it means that the previously selected explosive-rock matching parameters are unreasonable, and it is necessary to adjust and optimize the explosive performance parameters to enter the next cycle; wherein, [P fine ] is the fine ore rate control index, [P oversize ] is the large block rate control index, and [P toe ] is the root rate control index; the explosive performance parameters include adjusting the explosive density, detonation velocity, and detonation heat parameter indicators.
  4. 根据权利要求1～3中任意一项所述的方法，其中，所述典型炮孔的选取方法是，在第一排、中间排和最后排中各选取至少一个炮孔。 The method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the typical blast holes are selected by selecting at least one blast hole in each of the first row, the middle row and the last row.
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