CN104048567A - Method for determining lonestone explosion pretreatment explosive unit consumption under overlying rock-soil condition - Google Patents
Method for determining lonestone explosion pretreatment explosive unit consumption under overlying rock-soil condition Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for determining lonestone explosion pretreatment explosive unit consumption under the overlying rock-soil condition. Lonestone explosion pretreatment explosive unit consumption under the overlying rock-soil condition is determined through calculation according to a modified Swedish experience formula Q=Q1+Q2+Q3+Q4, wherein Q stands for optimal field explosion explosive unit consumption, Q1 stands for basic explosive unit consumption, Q1 is equal to k1q1, Q2 stands for water pressure gains caused by water depth above an explosion region, Q2 is equal to 0.01h2, h2 stands for water pressure depth above the explosion region, Q3 stands for gains of a covering layer above the explosion region, Q3 is equal to k3h3, h3 stands for the thickness of the soft soil covering layer, Q4 stands for rock expansion gains, Q4 is equal to 0.03h4, and h4 stands for explosion bench height. Lonestone explosion pretreatment explosive unit consumption under the overlying rock-soil condition is determined through calculation according to the modified Swedish experience formula, calculation is convenient, the error between obtained explosive unit consumption and actual explosive unit consumption is small, accuracy is high, lumpiness after explosion meets indexes of correlation, and adaptability is high.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to explosion field, especially, relate to definite method of covering the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on a kind of.
Background technology
Compound stratum is widely distributed in South China.Spherical not weathering high strength boulder group in such stratum in weathered granite soil is the technical barrier often running in current South China (as Guangzhou, Shenzhen etc.) shield-tunneling construction.For guaranteeing that shield machine tunnels smoothly, adopting surface drilling explosion pretreatment high strength boulder or basement rock projection problem is one of at present the most frequently used method.The method is widely applied in a large amount of shield-tunneling constructions, Chinese patent has also successively been announced the multinomial method relevant to explosion pretreatment, as the application process (application number be 200910047375.2) of underground obstacles blasting in shield-tunneling construction, method for blasting closed rock of shield tunnel in complex strata (application number is 201010173457.4), a kind of processing method of isolated stone groups in shield excavation karren section (application number is 201110417722.3), a kind of stake, wall formula deep foundation pit supporting structure is met the processing method (application number is 201010280658.4) of bulk boulder, but the definite method that does not all relate to boulder rendrock unit consumption.
Require differently from other explosion, boulder explosion pretreatment must pass through the blasting parameters such as explosive specific charge reasonable in design, guarantee boulder explosion after lumpiness be less than 30cm, to meet the dimensional requirement of cutter head of shield machine opening and conveying worm transmission dregs.The conventional explosive specific charge empirical equation of existing similar engineering explosion is as follows: the q that (1) China water conservancy system adopts
water=q
land+ 0.01H
water+ 0.02H
medium+ 0.03H
ladder, H wherein
waterrepresent the depth of water, H
mediumrepresent explosive buried depth, H
ladderrepresent rise of flight; (2) the Japanese explosive employing L of association
a=HC
a(hydraulic pressure correction); L
β=H
0c
β(upper earthing rock correction), wherein H represents the depth of water, H
0represent overlying strata thickness; (3) Sweden's formula is q=q
1+ q
2+ q
3+ q
4, q wherein
1for base charge, be 2～3 times of general land heading blast, to vertical drilling under water, then increase by 10%; q
2top, Wei Bao district hydraulic pressure increment, q
2=0.01h
2, h
2for the depth of water, unit is rice; q
3top, Wei Bao district cover layer increment, q
3=0.02h
3, h
3for cover layer (mud or soil, sand) thickness, unit is rice; q
4for rock expansion increment, q
4=0.03h, h is rise of flight, unit is rice; (4) < < engineering explosion application manual > > adopts Q=KW
ah (1.45+0.45e
-0.33 (H0/w)).Above four kinds of empirical equations are not all considered the special technical requirement of quick-fried rear lumpiness 30cm, be all according to the requirement of conventional blasting method as controlling index, quite different with the application in the boulder explosion pretreatment Practical Project above covering under Rock Conditions.At shield structure, pass through in the Practical Project on boulder group or basement rock projection stratum, general with reference to conventional Sweden's formula preresearch estimates explosive specific charge, but the error of calculating explosive specific charge and actual explosive specific charge is large, poor accuracy, explosion lumpiness is difficult to meet shield driving technical standard, conventionally need to determine the best blasting parameters such as explosive specific charge by on-the-spot explosion bulge test repeatedly, the effort of taking a lot of work, work efficiency is low.
Therefore, invent that to cover definite method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on a kind of significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to provide a kind of calculation expression simple and cover definite method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on the degree of accuracy is high, and concrete technical scheme is as follows:
On cover the definite method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions, comprise the following steps:
Obtain the land rendrock unit consumption q of same media under intectate condition
1;
Obtain top, quick-fried district hydraulic pressure degree of depth h
2;
Obtain the tectal thickness h of quick-fried district's top weak soil
3;
Obtain explosion step height h
4;
According to land rendrock unit consumption q under intectate condition
1, obtain and cover basic explosive specific charge Q under Rock Conditions
1, Q
1=k
1q
1, wherein, k
1value is 5～6;
According to top, quick-fried district hydraulic pressure degree of depth h
2, obtain top, quick-fried district hydraulic pressure increment Q
2, Q
2=0.01h
2;
According to the quick-fried district tectal thickness h in top
3, obtain top, quick-fried district cover layer increment Q
3, Q
3=k
3h
3, wherein, k
3value is 0.22;
According to explosion step height h
4, obtain rock expansion increment Q
4, Q
4=0.03h
4;
According to formula Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4draw the pretreated best explosive specific charge Q of the boulder explosion of covering under Rock Conditions, wherein h
2, h
3and h
4unit be rice, q
1, Q, Q
1, Q
2, Q
3and Q
4unit be kilogram.
Preferred in above technical scheme, described correction empirical equation Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4makeover process comprise the following steps:
The first step: similar according to the material of model, geometric parameter is similar and the explosion dynamic similarity of test is determined the law of similitude without Blasting Models test under Free Face Conditions;
Second step: according to the size of geometric similarity ratio-dependent model;
The 3rd step: according to the law of similitude without Blasting Models test under Free Face Conditions in the first step and the moulded dimension in second step, the mean size of lumpiness after the parameters of acquisition means for loading, test block, upper caldding layer and test block explosion, wherein the parameter of means for loading comprises powder charge radius, loaded length, explosive density, explosion velocity and explosive charge, the parameter of test block comprises intensity of test block, density and velocity of wave, and the parameter of upper caldding layer comprises the wave impedance of overlying strata, density and velocity of wave;
The 4th step: according to carrying out at least three groups tests under the operating mode in satisfied the 3rd step of not coexisting of tectal thickness, according to the mean size of lumpiness after test block explosion, choose best specific charge value, and adopt MATLAB software to carry out matching to test data, obtain the linear relationship between overburden cover and test block blasting optimum explosive specific charge;
The 5th step: and draw according to the geometric similarity ratio of choosing in second step the best explosive specific charge that on-the-spot explosion is corresponding, burying depth and best explosive specific charge data while adopting MATLAB software to on-the-spot explosion are carried out matching, obtain the linear relationship between the best explosive specific charge of buried depth and on-the-spot explosion;
The 6th step: the best specific charge value of the on-the-spot explosion of the formula gained that the best specific charge value that Sweden's empirical equation under identical operating mode is calculated and the 5th step draw compares, and can obtain revising empirical equation Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4.
Preferred in above technical scheme, the described law of similitude without Blasting Models test under Free Face Conditions is:
f＝(π
1、π
2、π
3、π
4、π
5、π
6、π
7、π
8)
Wherein, π
1for model and the actual size of powder charge likelihood ratio, π
2for the size likelihood ratio of model and actual explosion, π
3for the likelihood ratio of the explosion lumpiness of model and actual explosion, π
4for the likelihood ratio of test model and geometrical model, π
5for the likelihood ratio of explosive payload and powder charge radius, π
6for the likelihood ratio of the wave impedance of explosive and rock, π
7for the likelihood ratio of rock and tectal wave impedance, π
8for the detonation pressure of explosive and the likelihood ratio of rock strength, wherein π
1, π
2, π
3, π
4, π
5, π
6, π
7and π
8value respectively: 0.05,0.045,0.15,0.143,0.0052,0.43,1.8 and 62.8.
Preferred in above technical scheme, geometric similarity ratio value 1:7 in described second step, the size of model is 15cm; In described second step, powder charge radius is 0.68cm, and loaded length is 13.5cm; Explosive density is 1000kg/m
3, explosion velocity 3200m/s, the external diameter of detonator is 6mm, and the dose of detonator is that 0.7g/ sends out, and the length of detonator is 7cm, and explosive charge is 19.7g; The density of test block is 2200～2300kg/m
3, velocity of wave is 3300～3500m/s, intensity is 52.0～55.0MPa; The wave impedance of overlying strata is 4.1 * 10
6kg/m
2the material of s, density is 1600kg/m
3, velocity of wave 2562m/s; After test block explosion, the mean size of lumpiness is 4.5cm.The density of on-the-spot test block is 2200kg/m preferably
3, velocity of wave is 3382m/s preferably, and intensity is 53.2MPa preferably.
Preferred in above technical scheme, the component of described test block is cement: sand: the rubble that particle diameter is 5～10mm: the rubble that particle diameter is 10～20mm: flyash: high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid: water is 376:659:468:703:94:4.7:145.
Preferred in above technical scheme, the operating mode in described the 4th step is six groups: the thickness of top intectate, upper cover layer is respectively 30cm, 50cm, 70cm, 100cm and 150cm and meets the layer of sand of similarity criterion.
Preferred in above technical scheme, in described six groups of operating modes, after test block explosion, the size of average lumpiness is 4.45～4.65cm.
Preferred in above technical scheme, the linear relationship in described the 4th step between buried depth and the best explosive specific charge of test block explosion is y=1.737x+3.386, and wherein y is the best explosive specific charge of test block explosion, and x is test block buried depth; Linear relationship y=0.248x+3.386 in the 5th step between boulder buried depth and the best explosive specific charge of on-the-spot explosion, the best explosive specific charge that wherein y is on-the-spot explosion, x is boulder buried depth.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention is by first measuring parameters value, then through revising empirical equation Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4calculate to cover on determining the pretreated explosive specific charge of boulder explosion under Rock Conditions, measuring process is simplified, calculation expression calculates simple, the error of the explosive specific charge in the explosive specific charge simultaneously calculating and actual use procedure is little, the degree of accuracy is high, explosion lumpiness meets shield structure slags tap and is less than the technical indicator of 30cm, and constructability, improves efficiency of construction.
(2) in the present invention, revise empirical equation Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4correction through six steps, obtain, process is simple; Makeover process adopts the explosion dynamic similarity that the material of model is similar, geometric parameter is similar and test to determine that the degree of accuracy is high without covering the law of similitude of Blasting Models test under Rock Conditions on the scope of freedom and by MATLAB software, related data being carried out to matching.
Except object described above, feature and advantage, the present invention also has other object, feature and advantage.Below with reference to figure, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing that forms the application's a part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 be the best explosive specific charge that calculates of correction empirical equation of the present invention with test in the comparison diagram of explosive specific charge.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are elaborated, but the multitude of different ways that the present invention can limit and cover according to claim is implemented.
Embodiment 1:
On cover the definite method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions, comprise the following steps:
Obtain the land rendrock unit consumption q of same media under intectate condition
1;
Obtain top, quick-fried district hydraulic pressure degree of depth h
2;
Obtain the tectal thickness h of quick-fried district's top weak soil
3, wherein weak soil cover layer preferably the natural void ratio such as mud, soil layer, layer of sand be more than or equal to 1.0 cover layer;
Obtain explosion step height h
4;
According to land rendrock unit consumption q under intectate condition
1, obtain and cover basic explosive specific charge Q under Rock Conditions
1, Q
1=k
1q
1;
According to top, quick-fried district hydraulic pressure degree of depth h
2, obtain top, quick-fried district hydraulic pressure increment Q
2, Q
2=0.01h
2;
According to the quick-fried district tectal thickness h in top
3, obtain top, quick-fried district cover layer increment Q
3, Q
3=k
3h
3;
According to explosion step height h
4, obtain rock expansion increment Q
4, Q
4=0.03h
4;
According to formula Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4draw the pretreated best explosive specific charge Q of the boulder explosion of covering under Rock Conditions, wherein h
2, h
3and h
4unit be rice, q
1, Q, Q
1, Q
2, Q
3and Q
4unit be kilogram.
The unit consumption of the best explosive drawing by above step and the data of actual tests more as shown in Figure 1, two straight basics are overlapping, both errors are very little, constructability improves efficiency of construction.
Described formula Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4makeover process comprise the following steps:
The first step: similar according to cast material, geometric parameter is similar and trial shots dynamic similarity is determined without the Blasting Models test law of similitude under Free Face Conditions, adopt the Buckingham theorem of similarity criterion and the similarity criterion that dimensional method is determined on-the-spot explosion, the physical quantity of choosing and dimension thereof and numerical value refer to table 1:
Physical quantity, physical significance and dimension in table 1 model test
| Numbering | Symbol | Title | Unit | Dimension | Numerical value |
| 1 | Q | Explosive charge | kg | M | / |
| 2 | v | Explosion velocity of explosive | m/s | LT -1 | 4000 |
| 3 | ρ | Explosive density | kg/m 3 | ML -3 | 1200 |
| 4 | R | Powder charge radius | m | L | 0.45 |
| 5 | h | Loaded length | m | L | 0.90 |
| 6 | ρ r | Rock density | kg/m 3 | ML -3 | 2800 |
| 7 | V r | Rock Velocity | m/s | LT -1 | 4000 |
| 8 | σ r | Rock strength | N/m 2 | M/LT 2 | 1×106 |
| 9 | L | Rock size (square) | m | L | 1.00 |
| 10 | D | The average lumpiness of catalase | m | L | 0.30 |
| 11 | H | Rock buried depth | m | L | / |
| 12 | ρ c | Overlying strata density | kg/m 3 | ML -3 | 2600 |
| 13 | v c | Overlying strata velocity of wave | m/s | LT -1 | 2400 |
Field trial dose is mainly subject to the following the Representation Equation of the impact of each factor:
Q＝f(v、ρ、R、h、ρ
r、c
r、σ
r、L、D、H、σ
c、v
c)
In above formula, Q is dependent variable, and all the other are independent variable, and basic dimension is 3, gets v, ρ, R is independent dimensional quantity.Press Buckingham theorem and dimensional method, try to achieve following nondimensional criterion of similarity:
π
1＝R/h、π
2＝R/L、π
3＝R/D、π
4＝L/H、π
5＝σ
r/ρv
2、π
6＝ρv/ρ
rv
r、π
7＝ρ
rv
r/ρ
cv
c、π
8＝Q/ρR
3。
The described law of similitude without Blasting Models test under Free Face Conditions is: f=(π
1, π
2, π
3, π
4, π
5, π
6, π
7, π
8)
Wherein, π
1for model and the actual size of powder charge likelihood ratio, π
2for the size likelihood ratio of model and actual explosion, π
3for the likelihood ratio of the explosion lumpiness of model and actual explosion, π
4for the likelihood ratio of test model and geometrical model, π
5for the likelihood ratio of explosive payload and powder charge radius, π
6for the likelihood ratio of the wave impedance of explosive and rock, π
7for the likelihood ratio of rock and tectal wave impedance, π
8for the detonation pressure of explosive and the likelihood ratio of rock strength, wherein π
1, π
2, π
3, π
4, π
5, π
6, π
7and π
8value respectively: 0.05,0.045,0.15,0.143,0.0052,0.43,1.8,62.8;
Second step: be 1:7 according to geometric similarity ratio, determine that model is of a size of 15cm;
The 3rd step: according to the law of similitude without Blasting Models test under Free Face Conditions in the first step and the moulded dimension in second step, obtaining powder charge radius is 0.68cm, and loaded length is 13.5cm; Explosive density is 1000kg/m
3, explosion velocity 3200m/s, the external diameter of detonator is 6mm, and the dose of detonator is that 0.7g/ sends out, and the length of detonator is 7cm, and explosive charge is 19.7g; The density of test block is 2200～2300kg/m
3, velocity of wave is 3300～3500m/s, intensity is 52.0～55.0MPa; The wave impedance of overlying strata is 4.1 * 106kg/m
2the material of s, density is 1600kg/m
3, velocity of wave 2562m/s; After test block explosion, the mean size of lumpiness is 4.5cm; The density of on-the-spot test block is preferably 2200kg/m
3, velocity of wave is preferably 3382m/s, and intensity is preferably 53.2MPa; Wherein, the component ratio of described test block is cement: sand: the rubble that particle diameter is 5～10mm: the rubble that particle diameter is 10～20mm: flyash: high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid: water is 376:659:468:703:94:4.7:145;
The 4th step: carry out six groups of working condition tests according to the difference of tectal thickness, respectively: the thickness of top intectate, upper cover layer is respectively 30cm, 50cm, 70cm, 100cm and 150cm and meets the layer of sand of similarity criterion, and its experimental data refers to shown in following table 2:
Table 2 blast charging amount, quick-fried rear average lumpiness and best explosive specific charge table
According to the mean size (approaching 4.5cm most) of lumpiness after test block explosion, choose best specific charge value, refer to table 3:
Overburden cover, best explosive specific charge and experimental phenomena in table 3 test
And adopt the test data of overburden cover, best unit consumption in MATLAB software his-and-hers watches 3 to carry out matching, obtain the linear relationship between overburden cover and test block blasting optimum explosive specific charge, y=1.737x+3.386, wherein y is test block blasting optimum explosive specific charge, x is test block buried depth;
The 5th step: according to geometric similarity ratio 1:7, draw the best explosive specific charge that on-the-spot explosion is corresponding, as shown in Table 4 below:
The explosive specific charge of table 4 model test and on-the-spot explosion
Burying depth and best explosive specific charge data while adopting MATLAB software to on-the-spot explosion are carried out matching, obtain the linear relationship between the best explosive specific charge of buried depth and on-the-spot explosion:
y＝0.248x+3.386 (1)
In above formula, the best explosive specific charge that y is on-the-spot explosion, x is boulder buried depth;
The 6th step: the best specific charge value of the on-the-spot explosion that the explosive specific charge value that under above six kinds of buried depth operating modes, conventional Sweden's empirical equation calculates and formula (1) are drawn compares, as shown in Table 5 below:
The explosive specific charge contrast of table 5 Sweden empirical equation and correction formula
As shown in Table 5, upper while covering under Rock Conditions explosion, under six kinds of different buried depth operating modes, actual explosive specific charge is 3.1～4.9 times of conventional Sweden empirical equation result of calculation, according to explosion detritus principle, the main cause that causes actual explosive specific charge to increase is the requirement that conventional Sweden empirical equation is not considered explosion lumpiness, next is to be subject to the vertical effect of contraction of overlying strata soil layer gravity, the Wu Linkong scope of freedom, quick-fried source.Therefore, consider after shield driving is to boulder explosion that lumpiness is less than the requirement of 30cm and the effect of contraction of upper overlying strata soil layer, is necessary Sweden's formula to revise.Owing to considering top, depth of water Bao district hydraulic pressure increment Q in conventional Sweden empirical equation
2with the boulder explosion expansion increment Q that considers step height
4obtained generally acknowledging of industry, therefore, Q
2and Q
4subitem and coefficient thereof still carry out value by conventional Sweden empirical equation, only need be to Q
1, Q
3revise:
Q
1for basic explosive specific charge, Q
1=k
1q
1, q
1for outdoor land heading blast explosive specific charge under intectate condition, k
1for considering that explosion lumpiness requirement and the depth of water, overburden cover reduce the comprehensive correction factor of impact on explosion velocity of explosive.Because land common solid rock explosion average quantity used in unit volume blasted is generally 0.6kg/m
3, and test obtains the basic explosive specific charge Q of boulder
1=3.39kg/m
3, can determine thus basic explosive specific charge Q
1value is 5～6 times of the common solid rock explosion in land unit consumption amount, i.e. k
1value is 5～6.；
Q
3top, Wei Bao district cover layer increment, Q
3=k
3h
3, h
3for upper overlying strata the thickness of the layer, unit is rice, k
3for considering the correction factor of overburden cover effect of constraint value.The best explosive specific charge value of 6 kinds of operating modes that calculate according to formula in table 5 (1), deducts respectively the Q under each operating mode
1, Q
2and Q
4value, can obtain the explosive specific charge value under different coverings thickness condition, through top, data analysis Ke get Bao district cover layer increment Q
3and the linear regression relation formula Q between coating thickness
3=0.22h
3, be also correction factor k
3=0.22;
According to above-mentioned analysis, must revise Sweden empirical equation Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4, wherein:
Q be comprise lumpiness is less than to 30cm requires on cover the boulder blasting optimum explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions;
Q
1for on cover under Rock Conditions basic explosive specific charge, be general land heading blast explosive specific charge q
15～6 times, i.e. Q
1=k
1q
1, k wherein
1value is 5～6;
Q
2top, Wei Bao district hydraulic pressure increment, Q
2=0.01h
2, h
2top, the Wei Bao district hydraulic pressure degree of depth, unit is rice;
Q
3top, Wei Bao district cover layer increment, Q
3=0.22h
3, h
3top, Wei Bao district cover layer (mud or soil, sand etc.) thickness, unit is rice;
Q
4for rock expansion increment, q
4=0.03h
4, h
4for explosion step height, unit is rice.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a definite method of covering the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
Obtain the land rendrock unit consumption q of same media under intectate condition
1;
Obtain top, quick-fried district hydraulic pressure degree of depth h
2;
Obtain the tectal thickness h of quick-fried district's top weak soil
3;
Obtain explosion step height h
4;
According to land rendrock unit consumption q under intectate condition
1, obtain and cover basic explosive specific charge Q under Rock Conditions
1, Q
1=k
1q
1, wherein, k
1value is 5～6;
According to top, quick-fried district hydraulic pressure degree of depth h
2, obtain top, quick-fried district hydraulic pressure increment Q
2, Q
2=0.01h
2;
According to the quick-fried district tectal thickness h in top
3, obtain top, quick-fried district cover layer increment Q
3, Q
3=k
3h
3, wherein, k
3value is 0.22;
According to explosion step height h
4, obtain rock expansion increment Q
4, Q
4=0.03h
4;
According to formula Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4draw the pretreated best explosive specific charge Q of the boulder explosion of covering under Rock Conditions, wherein h
2, h
3and h
4unit be rice, q
1, Q, Q
1, Q
2, Q
3and Q
4unit be kilogram.
2. definite method of covering the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described formula Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4makeover process comprise the following steps:
The first step: similar according to the material of model, geometric parameter is similar and the explosion dynamic similarity of test is determined the law of similitude without Blasting Models test under Free Face Conditions;
Second step: according to the size of geometric similarity ratio-dependent model;
The 3rd step: according to the law of similitude without Blasting Models test under Free Face Conditions in the first step and the moulded dimension in second step, the mean size of lumpiness after the parameters of acquisition means for loading, test block, upper caldding layer and test block explosion, wherein the parameter of means for loading comprises powder charge radius, loaded length, explosive density, explosion velocity and explosive charge, the parameter of test block comprises intensity of test block, density and velocity of wave, and the parameter of upper caldding layer comprises the wave impedance of overlying strata, density and velocity of wave;
The 4th step: according to carrying out at least three groups tests under the operating mode in satisfied the 3rd step of not coexisting of overburden cover, according to the mean size of lumpiness after test block explosion, choose best specific charge value, and adopt MATLAB software to carry out matching to test data, obtain the linear relationship between overburden cover and test block blasting optimum explosive specific charge;
The 5th step: and draw according to the geometric similarity ratio of choosing in second step the best explosive specific charge that on-the-spot explosion is corresponding, burying depth and best explosive specific charge data while adopting MATLAB software to on-the-spot explosion are carried out matching, obtain the linear relationship between the best explosive specific charge of boulder buried depth and on-the-spot explosion;
The 6th step: the best specific charge value of the on-the-spot explosion of the formula gained that the best specific charge value that Sweden's empirical equation under identical operating mode is calculated and the 5th step draw compares, and can obtain revising empirical equation Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4.
3. definite method of covering the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the described law of similitude without Blasting Models test under Free Face Conditions is:
f＝(π
1、π
2、π
3、π
4、π
5、π
6、π
7、π
8)
Wherein, π
1for model and the actual size of powder charge likelihood ratio, π
2for the size likelihood ratio of model and actual explosion, π
3for the likelihood ratio of the explosion lumpiness of model and actual explosion, π
4for the likelihood ratio of test model and geometrical model, π
5for the likelihood ratio of explosive payload and powder charge radius, π
6for the likelihood ratio of the wave impedance of explosive and rock, π
7for the likelihood ratio of rock and tectal wave impedance, π
8for the detonation pressure of explosive and the likelihood ratio of rock strength, wherein π
1, π
2, π
3, π
4, π
5, π
6, π
7and π
8value respectively: 0.05,0.045,0.15,0.143,0.0052,0.43,1.8 and 62.8.
4. definite method of covering the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on according to claim 2, is characterized in that: geometric similarity ratio value 1:7 in described second step, and model is the cube of length of side 15cm; In described second step, powder charge radius is 0.68cm, and loaded length is 13.5cm; Explosive density is 1000kg/m
3, explosion velocity is 3200m/s, and detonator external diameter is 6mm, and detonator dose is that 0.7g/ sends out, and cap length is 7cm, explosive charge is 19.7g; Test block density is 2200～2300kg/m
3, velocity of wave is 3300～3500m/s, intensity is 52.0～55.0MPa; Overlying strata wave impedance is 4.1 * 10
6kg/m
2the material of s, density is 1600kg/m
3, velocity of wave 2562m/s; After test block explosion, the mean size of lumpiness is 4.5cm.
5. definite method of covering the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on according to claim 4, is characterized in that: in described the 3rd step, the density of on-the-spot test block is 2200kg/m
3, velocity of wave is 3382m/s, intensity is 53.2MPa.
6. definite method of covering the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on according to claim 4, is characterized in that: the component ratio of described test block is cement: sand: the rubble that particle diameter is 5～10mm: the rubble that particle diameter is 10～20mm: flyash: high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid: water is 376:659:468:703:94:4.7:145.
7. definite method of covering the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on according to claim 2, is characterized in that: the operating mode in described the 4th step is six groups: the thickness of top intectate, upper cover layer is respectively 30cm, 50cm, 70cm, 100cm and 150cm and meets the layer of sand of similarity criterion.
8. definite method of covering the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on according to claim 7, is characterized in that: in described six groups of operating modes, after test block explosion, the size of average lumpiness is 4.45～4.65cm.
9. on according to claim 8, cover definite method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions, it is characterized in that: the linear relationship in described the 4th step between test block buried depth and test block blasting optimum explosive specific charge is y=1.737x+3.386, wherein y is the best explosive specific charge of test block explosion, and x is test block buried depth; Linear relationship y=0.248x+3.386 in the 5th step between boulder buried depth and on-the-spot blasting optimum explosive specific charge, the best explosive specific charge that wherein y is on-the-spot explosion, x is boulder buried depth.
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Effective date of registration: 20190918 Address after: Yuelu District City, Hunan province 410083 Changsha Lushan Road No. 932 Co-patentee after: China Railway South Investment Group Co., Ltd. Patentee after: Central South University Address before: 410100 Department of tunnel, School of civil engineering, Central South University, 22 South Shaoshan Road, Hunan, Changsha Patentee before: Central South University |