CN104048567B - On cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions - Google Patents
On cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a kind of on cover the defining method of boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions, revise Sweden empirical equation Q=Q by using
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4calculating determine on cover the pretreated explosive specific charge of boulder explosion under Rock Conditions, wherein Q is on-the-spot blasting optimum explosive specific charge; Q
1for basic explosive specific charge, Q
1=k
1q
1; Q
2for the hydraulic pressure increment that the depth of water above quick-fried district causes, Q
2=0.01h
2, h
2for the hydraulic pressure degree of depth above quick-fried district; Q
3for cover layer increment above quick-fried district, Q
3=k
3h
3, h
3for the tectal thickness of weak soil; Q
4for rock expansion increment, Q
4=0.03h
4, h
4for explosion rise of flight.The boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions is covered in the present invention on being determined by correction Sweden empirical equation, convenience of calculation, the error of the explosive specific charge drawn and actual explosive specific charge is little, and the degree of accuracy is high, and quick-fried rear lumpiness meets index of correlation, and applicability is strong.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to explosion field, especially, relate to a kind of on cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions.
Background technology
Compound stratum is widely distributed in South China.Spherical non-weathering high strength boulder group in such stratum in weathered granite soil is the technical barrier often run in current South China (as Guangzhou, Shenzhen etc.) shield-tunneling construction.For ensureing that shield machine tunnels smoothly, surface drilling explosion pretreatment high strength boulder or basement rock projection problem is adopted to be one of the most frequently used at present method.The method is widely applied in a large amount of shield-tunneling construction, Chinese patent also successively discloses the multinomial method relevant to explosion pretreatment, as the application process of underground obstacles blasting in shield-tunneling construction (application number is 200910047375.2), method for blasting closed rock of shield tunnel in complex strata (application number is 201010173457.4), a kind of processing method (application number is 201110417722.3) of isolated stone groups in shield excavation karren section, a kind of stake, wall-deep foundation pit supporting structure meets the processing method (application number is 201010280658.4) of bulk boulder, but all do not relate to the defining method of boulder rendrock unit consumption.
Require different from other explosion, boulder explosion pretreatment must by blasting parameters such as explosive specific charges reasonable in design, and after guaranteeing boulder explosion, lumpiness is less than 30cm, to meet the dimensional requirement of cutter head of shield machine opening and conveying worm transmission dregs.The explosive specific charge empirical equation that existing similar engineering explosion is commonly used is as follows: the q that (1) China water conservancy system adopts
water=q
land+ 0.01H
water+ 0.02H
medium+ 0.03H
ladder, wherein H
waterrepresent the depth of water, H
mediumrepresent explosive buried depth, H
ladderrepresent rise of flight; (2) Japanese explosive association adopts L
a=HC
a(hydraulic pressure correction); L
β=H
0c
β(upper earthing rock correction), wherein H represents the depth of water, H
0represent overlying strata thickness; (3) Sweden's formula is q=q
1+ q
2+ q
3+ q
4, wherein q
1for base charge, be 2 ~ 3 times of general land heading blast, to underwater vertical boring, then increase by 10%; q
2for hydraulic pressure increment above quick-fried district, q
2=0.01h
2, h
2for the depth of water, unit is rice; q
3for cover layer increment above quick-fried district, q
3=0.02h
3, h
3for cover layer (mud or soil, sand) thickness, unit is rice; q
4for rock expansion increment, q
4=0.03h, h are rise of flight, and unit is rice; (4) " engineering explosion application manual " adopts Q=KW
ah (1.45+0.45e
-0.33 (H0/w)).Above four kinds of empirical equations all do not consider the special technical requirement of quick-fried rear lumpiness 30cm, and the requirement being all conveniently explosion is as Con trolling index, quite different with the application in the boulder explosion pretreatment Practical Project above covered under Rock Conditions.In the Practical Project on shield crossing boulder group or basement rock projection stratum, Sweden's formula preresearch estimates explosive specific charge that general reference is conventional, but the error calculating explosive specific charge and actual explosive specific charge is large, poor accuracy, blast fragmentation size is difficult to meet shield driving technical standard, usual needs determine the blasting parameters such as best explosive specific charge by repeatedly on-the-spot explosion bulge test, and effort of taking a lot of work, work efficiency is low.
Therefore, invent a kind of on to cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions significant.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention be to provide a kind of calculation expression simple and the degree of accuracy high on cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions, concrete technical scheme is as follows:
On cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions, comprise the following steps:
The land rendrock unit consumption q of same media under acquisition intectate condition
1;
Obtain hydraulic pressure degree of depth h above quick-fried district
2;
Obtain the tectal thickness h of weak soil above quick-fried district
3;
Obtain explosion step height h
4;
According to rendrock unit consumption q in land under intectate condition
1, basic explosive specific charge Q under acquisition being covered Rock Conditions
1, Q
1=k
1q
1, wherein, k
1value is 5 ~ 6;
According to hydraulic pressure degree of depth h above quick-fried district
2, obtain hydraulic pressure increment Q above quick-fried district
2, Q
2=0.01h
2;
According to thickness h tectal above quick-fried district
3, obtain cover layer increment Q above quick-fried district
3, Q
3=k
3h
3, wherein, k
3value is 0.22;
According to explosion step height h
4, obtain rock expansion increment Q
4, Q
4=0.03h
4;
According to formula Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4draw the boulder explosion pretreated best explosive specific charge Q, the wherein h that cover under Rock Conditions
2, h
3and h
4unit be rice, q
1, Q, Q
1, Q
2, Q
3and Q
4unit to be kilogram.
Preferred in above technical scheme, described correction empirical equation Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4makeover process comprise the following steps:
The first step: similar according to the material of model, geometric parameter is similar and test explosion dynamic similarity determine without under Free Face Conditions Blasting Models test the law of similitude;
Second step: according to the size of geometric similarity ratio-dependent model;
3rd step: according to the law of similitude without Blasting Models test under Free Face Conditions in the first step and the moulded dimension in second step, obtain the mean size of lumpiness after means for loading, test block, the parameters of upper caldding layer and test block explosion, wherein the parameter of means for loading comprises powder charge radius, loaded length, explosive density, explosion velocity and explosive charge, the parameter of test block comprises intensity of test block, density and velocity of wave, and the parameter of upper caldding layer comprises the wave impedance of overlying strata, density and velocity of wave;
4th step: according to carrying out at least three group tests under the operating mode do not coexisted in satisfied 3rd step of tectal thickness, best specific charge value is chosen according to the mean size of lumpiness after test block explosion, and adopt MATLAB software to carry out matching to test data, obtain the linear relationship between overburden cover and test block blasting optimum explosive specific charge;
5th step: and draw according to the geometric similarity ratio chosen in second step the best explosive specific charge that on-the-spot explosion is corresponding, adopt MATLAB software to carry out matching to burying depth during on-the-spot explosion and best explosive specific charge data, obtain the linear relationship between buried depth and the best explosive specific charge of on-the-spot explosion;
6th step: the best specific charge value of the on-the-spot explosion of the formula gained that best specific charge value Sweden's empirical equation under identical operating mode calculated and the 5th step draw compares, can obtain revising empirical equation Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4.
Preferred in above technical scheme, the described law of similitude without Blasting Models test under Free Face Conditions is:
f＝(π
1、π
2、π
3、π
4、π
5、π
6、π
7、π
8)
Wherein, π
1for model and the actual size of powder charge likelihood ratio, π
2for the size likelihood ratio of model and actual explosion, π
3for the likelihood ratio of the blast fragmentation size of model and actual explosion, π
4for the likelihood ratio of test model and geometrical model, π
5for the likelihood ratio of explosive payload and powder charge radius, π
6for the likelihood ratio of the wave impedance of explosive and rock, π
7for the likelihood ratio of rock and tectal wave impedance, π
8for the detonation pressure of explosive and the likelihood ratio of rock strength, wherein π
1, π
2, π
3, π
4, π
5, π
6, π
7and π
8value respectively: 0.05,0.045,0.15,0.143,0.0052,0.43,1.8 and 62.8.
Preferred in above technical scheme, geometric similarity ratio value 1:7 in described second step, the size of model is 15cm; In described second step, powder charge radius is 0.68cm, and loaded length is 13.5cm; Explosive density is 1000kg/m
3, explosion velocity 3200m/s, the external diameter of detonator is 6mm, and the dose of detonator is that 0.7g/ sends out, and the length of detonator is 7cm, and explosive charge is 19.7g; The density of test block is 2200 ~ 2300kg/m
3, velocity of wave is 3300 ~ 3500m/s, and intensity is 52.0 ~ 55.0MPa; The wave impedance of overlying strata is 4.1 × 10
6kg/m
2the material of s, density is 1600kg/m
3, velocity of wave 2562m/s; After test block explosion, the mean size of lumpiness is 4.5cm.The density preferably 2200kg/m of on-the-spot test block
3, velocity of wave is 3382m/s preferably, and intensity is 53.2MPa preferably.
Preferred in above technical scheme, the component of described test block is cement: sand: particle diameter is the rubble of 5 ~ 10mm: particle diameter is the rubble of 10 ~ 20mm: flyash: high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid: water is 376:659:468:703:94:4.7:145.
Preferred in above technical scheme, the operating mode in described 4th step is six groups: the thickness of top intectate, upper cover layer is respectively 30cm, 50cm, 70cm, 100cm and 150cm and meets the layer of sand of similarity criterion.
Preferred in above technical scheme, in described six groups of operating modes, after test block explosion, the size of average lumpiness is 4.45 ~ 4.65cm.
Preferred in above technical scheme, the linear relationship in described 4th step between buried depth and the best explosive specific charge of test block explosion is y=1.737x+3.386, and wherein y is the best explosive specific charge of test block explosion, and x is test block buried depth; Linear relationship y=0.248x+3.386 in 5th step between boulder buried depth and the best explosive specific charge of on-the-spot explosion, wherein y is the best explosive specific charge of on-the-spot explosion, and x is boulder buried depth.
The present invention has following beneficial effect:
(1) the present invention is by first measuring parameters value, then through revising empirical equation Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4carry out calculating covering on determining the pretreated explosive specific charge of boulder explosion under Rock Conditions, measuring process is simplified, calculation expression calculates simple, the error of the explosive specific charge in the explosive specific charge simultaneously calculated and actual use procedure is little, the degree of accuracy is high, blast fragmentation size meets shield structure and slags tap and be less than the technical indicator of 30cm, constructability, improves efficiency of construction.
(2) empirical equation Q=Q is revised in the present invention
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4correction obtain through six steps, process is simple; Makeover process adopts that the material of model is similar, geometric parameter is similar and the explosion dynamic similarity of test determines that the degree of accuracy is high without the scope of freedom being covered the law of similitude that Blasting Models under Rock Conditions tests and carrying out matching by MATLAB software to related data.
Except object described above, feature and advantage, the present invention also has other object, feature and advantage.Below with reference to figure, the present invention is further detailed explanation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
The accompanying drawing forming a application's part is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, and schematic description and description of the present invention, for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the best explosive specific charge that calculates of correction empirical equation of the present invention and the comparison diagram of explosive specific charge in test.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the invention are described in detail, but the multitude of different ways that the present invention can limit according to claim and cover is implemented.
Embodiment 1:
On cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions, comprise the following steps:
The land rendrock unit consumption q of same media under acquisition intectate condition
1;
Obtain hydraulic pressure degree of depth h above quick-fried district
2;
Obtain the tectal thickness h of weak soil above quick-fried district
3, wherein weak soil cover layer preferably the natural void ratio such as mud, soil layer, layer of sand be more than or equal to the cover layer of 1.0;
Obtain explosion step height h
4;
According to rendrock unit consumption q in land under intectate condition
1, basic explosive specific charge Q under acquisition being covered Rock Conditions
1, Q
1=k
1q
1;
According to hydraulic pressure degree of depth h above quick-fried district
2, obtain hydraulic pressure increment Q above quick-fried district
2, Q
2=0.01h
2;
According to thickness h tectal above quick-fried district
3, obtain cover layer increment Q above quick-fried district
3, Q
3=k
3h
3;
According to explosion step height h
4, obtain rock expansion increment Q
4, Q
4=0.03h
4;
According to formula Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4draw the boulder explosion pretreated best explosive specific charge Q, the wherein h that cover under Rock Conditions
2, h
3and h
4unit be rice, q
1, Q, Q
1, Q
2, Q
3and Q
4unit to be kilogram.
The unit consumption of best explosive drawn by above step is compared in detail as shown in Figure 1 with the data of actual tests, and two straight lines are substantially overlapping, and both errors are very little, constructability, improve efficiency of construction.
Described formula Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4makeover process comprise the following steps:
The first step: similar according to cast material, geometric parameter is similar and trial shots dynamic similarity determine without under Free Face Conditions Blasting Models test the law of similitude, adopt the Buckingham theorem of similarity criterion and dimensional method to determine the similarity criterion of on-the-spot explosion, the physical quantity chosen and dimension thereof and numerical value refer to table 1:
Physical quantity, physical significance and dimension in table 1 model test
| Numbering | Symbol | Title | Unit | Dimension | Numerical value |
| 1 | Q | Explosive charge | kg | M | / |
| 2 | v | Explosion velocity of explosive | m/s | LT -1 | 4000 |
| 3 | ρ | Explosive density | kg/m 3 | ML -3 | 1200 |
| 4 | R | Powder charge radius | m | L | 0.45 |
| 5 | h | Loaded length | m | L | 0.90 |
| 6 | ρ r | Rock density | kg/m 3 | ML -3 | 2800 |
| 7 | V r | Rock Velocity | m/s | LT -1 | 4000 |
| 8 | σ r | Rock strength | N/m 2 | M/LT 2 | 1×106 |
| 9 | L | Rock size (square) | m | L | 1.00 |
| 10 | D | The average lumpiness of catalase | m | L | 0.30 |
| 11 | H | Rock buried depth | m | L | / |
| 12 | ρ c | Overlying strata density | kg/m 3 | ML -3 | 2600 |
| 13 | v c | Overlying strata velocity of wave | m/s | LT -1 | 2400 |
Field trial dose is mainly by the following the Representation Equation of impact of each factor:
Q＝f(v、ρ、R、h、ρ
r、c
r、σ
r、L、D、H、σ
c、v
c)
In above formula, Q is dependent variable, and all the other are independent variable, and basic dimension is 3, and getting v, ρ, R is independent dimensional quantity.By Buckingham theorem and dimensional method, try to achieve following nondimensional criterion of similarity:
π
1＝R/h、π
2＝R/L、π
3＝R/D、π
4＝L/H、π
5＝σ
r/ρv
2、π
6＝ρv/ρ
rv
r、π
7＝ρ
rv
r/ρ
cv
c、π
8＝Q/ρR
3。
The described law of similitude without Blasting Models test under Free Face Conditions is: f=(π
1, π
2, π
3, π
4, π
5, π
6, π
7, π
8)
Wherein, π
1for model and the actual size of powder charge likelihood ratio, π
2for the size likelihood ratio of model and actual explosion, π
3for the likelihood ratio of the blast fragmentation size of model and actual explosion, π
4for the likelihood ratio of test model and geometrical model, π
5for the likelihood ratio of explosive payload and powder charge radius, π
6for the likelihood ratio of the wave impedance of explosive and rock, π
7for the likelihood ratio of rock and tectal wave impedance, π
8for the detonation pressure of explosive and the likelihood ratio of rock strength, wherein π
1, π
2, π
3, π
4, π
5, π
6, π
7and π
8value respectively: 0.05,0.045,0.15,0.143,0.0052,0.43,1.8,62.8;
Second step: be 1:7 according to geometric similarity ratio, Confirming model is of a size of 15cm;
3rd step: according to the law of similitude without Blasting Models test under Free Face Conditions in the first step and the moulded dimension in second step, obtaining powder charge radius is 0.68cm, and loaded length is 13.5cm; Explosive density is 1000kg/m
3, explosion velocity 3200m/s, the external diameter of detonator is 6mm, and the dose of detonator is that 0.7g/ sends out, and the length of detonator is 7cm, and explosive charge is 19.7g; The density of test block is 2200 ~ 2300kg/m
3, velocity of wave is 3300 ~ 3500m/s, and intensity is 52.0 ~ 55.0MPa; The wave impedance of overlying strata is 4.1 × 106kg/m
2the material of s, density is 1600kg/m
3, velocity of wave 2562m/s; After test block explosion, the mean size of lumpiness is 4.5cm; The density of on-the-spot test block is preferably 2200kg/m
3, velocity of wave is preferably 3382m/s, and intensity is preferably 53.2MPa; Wherein, the component ratio of described test block is cement: sand: particle diameter is the rubble of 5 ~ 10mm: particle diameter is the rubble of 10 ~ 20mm: flyash: high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid: water is 376:659:468:703:94:4.7:145;
4th step: carry out six groups of working condition tests according to the difference of tectal thickness, respectively: the thickness of top intectate, upper cover layer is respectively 30cm, 50cm, 70cm, 100cm and 150cm and meets the layer of sand of similarity criterion, its experimental data refers to shown in following table 2:
Table 2 blast charging amount, quick-fried rear average lumpiness and best explosive specific charge table
Choose best specific charge value according to the mean size (closest to 4.5cm) of lumpiness after test block explosion, refer to table 3:
Overburden cover, best explosive specific charge and experimental phenomena in table 3 test
And adopt the test data of overburden cover, best unit consumption in MATLAB software his-and-hers watches 3 to carry out matching, obtain the linear relationship between overburden cover and test block blasting optimum explosive specific charge, y=1.737x+3.386, wherein y is test block blasting optimum explosive specific charge, and x is test block buried depth;
5th step: according to geometric similarity ratio 1:7, draws the best explosive specific charge that on-the-spot explosion is corresponding, as shown in Table 4 below:
The explosive specific charge of table 4 model test and on-the-spot explosion
Adopt MATLAB software to carry out matching to burying depth during on-the-spot explosion and best explosive specific charge data, obtain the linear relationship between buried depth and the best explosive specific charge of on-the-spot explosion:
y＝0.248x+3.386(1)
In above formula, y is the best explosive specific charge of on-the-spot explosion, and x is boulder buried depth;
6th step: the best specific charge value of the on-the-spot explosion that the explosive specific charge value calculate Sweden's empirical equation conventional under above six kinds of buried depth operating modes and formula (1) draw compares, as shown in Table 5 below:
The explosive specific charge contrast of table 5 Sweden empirical equation and correction formula
As shown in Table 5, upper cover explosion under Rock Conditions time, under six kinds of different buried depth operating modes, actual explosive specific charge is 3.1 ~ 4.9 times of conventional Sweden empirical equation result of calculation, according to explosion detritus principle, the main cause causing actual explosive specific charge to increase is the requirement that conventional Sweden empirical equation does not consider blast fragmentation size, next is that quick-fried source is without facing the sky scope of freedom by the vertical effect of contraction of upper overlying strata soil layer gravity.Therefore, consider that shield driving is less than the requirement of 30cm and the effect of contraction of upper overlying strata soil layer to lumpiness after boulder explosion, be necessary to revise Sweden's formula.Due to consider the depth of water in conventional Sweden empirical equation quick-fried district above hydraulic pressure increment Q
2with the boulder explosion expansion increment Q considering step height
4obtain generally acknowledging of industry, therefore, Q
2and Q
4subitem and coefficient thereof still carry out value by conventional Sweden empirical equation, only need to Q
1, Q
3revise:
Q
1for basic explosive specific charge, Q
1=k
1q
1, q
1for outdoor land heading blast explosive specific charge under intectate condition, k
1for consider blast fragmentation size require and the depth of water, overburden cover on explosion velocity of explosive reduce impact comprehensive correction factor.Because land common solid rock explosion average quantity used in unit volume blasted is generally 0.6kg/m
3, and test obtains the basic explosive specific charge Q of boulder
1=3.39kg/m
3, basic explosive specific charge Q can be determined thus
1value is 5 ~ 6 times of the common solid rock explosion in land unit consumption amount, i.e. k
1value is 5 ~ 6.；
Q
3for cover layer increment above quick-fried district, Q
3=k
3h
3, h
3for upper overlying strata the thickness of the layer, unit is rice, k
3for considering the correction factor of overburden cover effect of constraint value.According to the best explosive specific charge value of 6 kinds of operating modes that formula in table 5 (1) calculates, deduct the Q under each operating mode respectively
1, Q
2and Q
4value, can obtain the explosive specific charge value under different coverings thickness condition, cover layer increment Q above data analysis Ke get Bao district
3and the linear regression relation formula Q between coating thickness
3=0.22h
3, be also correction factor k
3=0.22;
According to above-mentioned analysis, Sweden empirical equation Q=Q must be revised
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4, wherein:
Q be comprise to lumpiness be less than that 30cm requires on cover boulder blasting optimum explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions;
Q
1for on cover basic explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions, be general land heading blast explosive specific charge q
15 ~ 6 times, i.e. Q
1=k
1q
1, wherein k
1value is 5 ~ 6;
Q
2for hydraulic pressure increment above quick-fried district, Q
2=0.01h
2, h
2for the hydraulic pressure degree of depth above quick-fried district, unit is rice;
Q
3for cover layer increment above quick-fried district, Q
3=0.22h
3, h
3for cover layer above quick-fried district (mud or soil, sand etc.) thickness, unit is rice;
Q
4for rock expansion increment, q
4=0.03h
4, h
4for explosion step height, unit is rice.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various modifications and variations.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any amendment done, equivalent replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. cover a defining method for the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on, it is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
The land rendrock unit consumption q of same media under acquisition intectate condition
1;
Obtain hydraulic pressure degree of depth h above quick-fried district
2;
Obtain the tectal thickness h of weak soil above quick-fried district
3;
Obtain explosion step height h
4;
According to the land rendrock unit consumption q of same media under intectate condition
1, basic explosive specific charge Q under acquisition being covered Rock Conditions
1, Q
1=k
1q
1, wherein, k
1value is 5 ~ 6;
According to hydraulic pressure degree of depth h above quick-fried district
2, obtain hydraulic pressure increment Q above quick-fried district
2, Q
2=0.01h
2;
According to the tectal thickness h of weak soil above quick-fried district
3, obtain cover layer increment Q above quick-fried district
3, Q
3=k
3h
3, wherein, k
3value is 0.22;
According to explosion step height h
4, obtain rock expansion increment Q
4, Q
4=0.03h
4;
According to formula Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4draw the boulder explosion pretreated best explosive specific charge Q, the wherein h that cover under Rock Conditions
2, h
3and h
4unit be rice, q
1, Q, Q
1, Q
2, Q
3and Q
4unit to be kilogram.
2. cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described formula Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4makeover process comprise the following steps:
The first step: similar according to the material of model, geometric parameter is similar and test explosion dynamic similarity determine without under Free Face Conditions Blasting Models test the law of similitude;
Second step: according to the size of geometric similarity ratio-dependent model;
3rd step: according to the law of similitude without Blasting Models test under Free Face Conditions in the first step and the moulded dimension in second step, obtain the mean size of lumpiness after means for loading, test block, the parameters of upper caldding layer and test block explosion, wherein the parameter of means for loading comprises powder charge radius, loaded length, explosive density, explosion velocity and explosive charge, the parameter of test block comprises intensity of test block, density and velocity of wave, and the parameter of upper caldding layer comprises the wave impedance of overlying strata, density and velocity of wave;
4th step: carry out at least three group tests under the prerequisite according to the parameter in satisfied 3rd step that do not coexist of overburden cover, best specific charge value is chosen according to the mean size of lumpiness after test block explosion, and adopt MATLAB software to carry out matching to test data, obtain the linear relationship between overburden cover and test block blasting optimum explosive specific charge;
5th step: and draw according to the geometric similarity ratio chosen in second step the best explosive specific charge that on-the-spot explosion is corresponding, adopt MATLAB software to carry out matching to burying depth during on-the-spot explosion and best explosive specific charge data, obtain the linear relationship between boulder buried depth and the best explosive specific charge of on-the-spot explosion;
6th step: the best specific charge value of the on-the-spot explosion of the linear relationship gained that best specific charge value Sweden's empirical equation under identical operating mode calculated and the 5th step draw compares, can obtain revising empirical equation Q=Q
1+ Q
2+ Q
3+ Q
4.
3. cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the described law of similitude without Blasting Models test under Free Face Conditions is:
f＝(π
1、π
2、π
3、π
4、π
5、π
6、π
7、π
8)
Wherein, π
1for model and the actual size of powder charge likelihood ratio, π
2for the size likelihood ratio of model and actual explosion, π
3for the likelihood ratio of the blast fragmentation size of model and actual explosion, π
4for the likelihood ratio of test model and geometrical model, π
5for the likelihood ratio of explosive payload and powder charge radius, π
6for the likelihood ratio of the wave impedance of explosive and rock, π
7for the likelihood ratio of rock and tectal wave impedance, π
8for the detonation pressure of explosive and the likelihood ratio of rock strength, wherein π
1, π
2, π
3, π
4, π
5, π
6, π
7and π
8value respectively: 0.05,0.045,0.15,0.143,0.0052,0.43,1.8 and 62.8.
4. cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: geometric similarity ratio value 1: 7 in described second step, model is the cube of length of side 15cm; In described 3rd step, powder charge radius is 0.68cm, and loaded length is 13.5cm; Explosive density is 1000kg/m
3, explosion velocity is 3200m/s, and detonator external diameter is 6mm, and detonator dose is that 0.7g/ sends out, and cap length is 7cm, and explosive charge is 19.7g; Test block density is 2200 ~ 2300kg/m
3, velocity of wave is 3300 ~ 3500m/s, and intensity is 52.0 ~ 55.0MPa; Overlying strata wave impedance is 4.1 × 10
6kg/m
2the material of s, density is 1600kg/m
3, velocity of wave 2562m/s; After test block explosion, the mean size of lumpiness is 4.5cm.
5. cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: in described 3rd step, the density of test block is 2200kg/m
3, velocity of wave is 3382m/s, and intensity is 53.2MPa.
6. cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on according to claim 4, it is characterized in that: the component ratio of described test block is cement: sand: particle diameter is the rubble of 5 ~ 10mm: particle diameter is the rubble of 10 ~ 20mm: flyash: high-efficiency water-reducing agent of poly-carboxylic acid: water is 376: 659: 468: 703: 94: 4.7: 145.
7. cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the test in described 4th step is six groups: the thickness of top intectate, upper cover layer is respectively 30cm, 50cm, 70cm, 100cm and 150cm and meets the layer of sand of similarity criterion.
8. cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions on according to claim 7, it is characterized in that: in described test, after test block explosion, the size of average lumpiness is 4.45 ~ 4.65cm.
9. on according to claim 8, cover the defining method of the boulder explosion pretreatment explosive specific charge under Rock Conditions, it is characterized in that: the linear relationship in described 4th step between test block buried depth and test block blasting optimum explosive specific charge is y=1.737x+3.386, wherein y is the best explosive specific charge of test block explosion, and x is test block buried depth; Linear relationship y=0.248x+3.386 in 5th step between boulder buried depth and on-the-spot blasting optimum explosive specific charge, wherein y is the best explosive specific charge of on-the-spot explosion, and x is boulder buried depth.
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| CN108225139B (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-26 | 新疆大学 | A kind of Engineering Geology Classification method of alternating layers rock mass bench blasting |
| CN109506532B (en) * | 2018-10-25 | 2020-09-04 | 中国地质大学（武汉） | Method for determining unit consumption of underwater drilling blasting explosive |
| CN109596022B (en) * | 2019-01-03 | 2021-03-16 | 广州轨道交通建设监理有限公司 | Blasting treatment method for boulders in front of shield cutter head |
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