CN104537195B - A kind of deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration forecasting procedure based on energy principle - Google Patents
A kind of deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration forecasting procedure based on energy principle Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration forecasting procedure based on energy principle, comprises the following steps：(1) dimensional analysis method is used, the peak vibration prediction of speed formula based on principle of energy balance is established；(2) buried subterranean tunnel Blasting Excavation is directed to, wall cloth puts vibration monitor in hole, records the rock vibration waveform of blasting process, obtain vibration of base rock response；(3) according to buried subterranean tunnel blasting parameter and space enrironment, calculate every section of blasthole institute blasting charge explosion energy and the strain energy by excavation rock mass, in conjunction with the blasting vibration peak speed of actual measurement, the unknowm coefficient in predictor formula is calculated using Multiple Regression Analysis Method, the forecast of deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration is realized.The forecast precision of deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration is greatly improved in the inventive method, can be widely applied to the forecast of the deep-buried underground engineering Blasting Excavation induced vibration such as traffic, water power, mine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of vibration forecast method, specifically a kind of deep rock mass explosion based on energy principle is opened
Dig induced vibration forecasting procedure.
Background technology
With Chinese society expanding economy, the demand to the energy is increasing, and deep rock mass excavation project is also more next
More, such as the excavation of southwest Underground Excavation Cluster of Hydropower Station, the minings of thousands of meters of depths, nuke rubbish underground storage are built
If waiting.Higher elastic strain energy is stored under great burying, large ground pressure, in rock mass.It is adjoint during Blasting Excavation
The ignition of explosive in blasthole, huge energy is discharged in the form of high temperature, gases at high pressure and shock wave, and is caused around blasthole
Rock crushing, on the outline excavation face newly formed, by excavation rock mass to retain rock mass primary stress constraint moment moved
Remove.With the transient unloading of crustal stress in excavation face, the elastic strain energy being stored in rock mass discharges rapidly.In this process
In, explosive initiation and rock mass discharge the energy source that strain energy together constitutes Blasting Excavation induced vibration.
The Prediction of Blasting Vibration formula commonly used at present：
In formula：K1, α be unknowm coefficient；Q is explosive quantity in a sound, unit：kg；R is particle and the distance at Bao Yuan centers, unit：
m.Can be according to the distance at the Blast Vibration Monitoring result and explosive quantity in a sound of actual measurement, particle and Bao Yuan centers, using multiple regression point
Analysis method calculates the unknowm coefficient K in formula (1)1, α, so as to realize the prediction of blasting vibration.The predictor formula can be preferable
Reflect influence of the explosive as energy source to vibration, can accurately be used for the prediction of surface blasting vibration.
But for deep rock mass Blasting Excavation, in addition to explosive, the strain energy of rock mass release is also the energy source of vibration.
Therefore, deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration is predicted and unreasonable using this formula (1).
The content of the invention
For the defect of existing deep rock mass Excavation blasting vibration forecast method as described above, the present invention proposes a kind of base
In the deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration forecasting procedure of energy principle, to reach that deep rock mass, which is more accurately predicted, to be excavated
The purpose of blasting vibration.
A kind of deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration forecasting procedure based on energy principle, comprises the following steps：
Step 1, set up based on explosive charge energy and pre- by the vibration of excavation rock mass release strain energy by dimensional analysis
Survey formula：In formula：ρ is rock mass density, unit：kg/m3；R is particle and Bao Yuan centers
Distance, unit：m；Q is explosive quantity in a sound, unit：kg；W is Explosive Heat, unit：J/kg；QW is that explosive quantity in a sound and explosive are quick-fried
Hot product, represents explosive energy, unit：J；ξ is known coefficient, is to release energy to account for explosive charge energy percentage with vibration mode
Than；S is by excavation strain of rock mass energy, unit：J；V is by excavation rock mass volume, unit：m3；K2, β be unknowm coefficient；
Step 2, drilling and powder charge, in hole, wall cloth puts Blast Vibration Monitoring instrument, records the vibrational waveform of blasting process, obtains
The peak value v of vibration velocity, while measuring the corresponding particle in each monitoring point with Bao Yuan centers apart from r；
Step 3, according to explosion design, parameter, excavation rock mass volume V, the explosive energy corresponding to every section of blasting cap initiation are obtained
Measure QW and coefficient ξ, according to Blasting Excavation space enrironment, obtain corresponding to every section of blasting cap initiation by excavation strain of rock mass energy S, rock
Volume density；
Step 4, with reference to the data being collected into：Particle with Bao Yuan centers apart from r, explosive energy QW and coefficient ξ, excavated
Rock mass volume V, by excavation strain of rock mass energy S, the peak value v of vibration velocity, rock mass density p, using Multiple Regression Analysis Method meter
Calculate the unknowm coefficient K in vibration prediction formula2, β, you can realize the forecast of deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration；
Above-mentioned steps 4 further comprise following sub-step：
The data that 4-1, basis are collected into：Particle is with Bao Yuan centers apart from r, explosive energy QW and coefficient ξ, by excavation rock
Body volume V, by excavation strain of rock mass energy S, the peak value v of vibration velocity, rock mass density p, calculate
WithValue；
It is 4-2, rightWithValue carries out multiple regression analysis, obtains
OnLinear equation；Described multiple regression analysis is to carry out nonlinear fitting using least square method；
4-3, the slope in linear equation and intercept, use the exponential function using natural constant e the bottom of as, calculate
K2, β value, you can realize the forecast of deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration.
The principle of the present invention is：During deep rock mass Blasting Excavation, the strain energy of explosive initiation and rock mass release is total to
With the energy source for constituting Blasting Excavation induced vibration, first energy has quantitative mathematical pass with Explosive Heat and explosive quantity in a sound
System, Part II energy by excavation strain of rock mass with that can have quantitative mathematical relation, therefore, according to conservation of energy principle, using amount
Guiding principle analysis method sets up the predictor formula of deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration：
In formula (2)：ρ is rock mass density, unit：kg/m3；R is particle and the distance at Bao Yuan centers, unit：m；Q is Dan Xiang
Dose, unit：kg；W is Explosive Heat, unit：J/kg；QW is explosive quantity in a sound and Explosive Heat product, represents explosive energy, single
Position：J；ξ is known coefficient, is to release energy to account for explosive charge energy percentage with vibration mode；S is by excavation strain of rock mass
Can, unit：J；V is by excavation rock mass volume, unit：m3；V is peak vibration speed, unit：m/s；K2, β be unknowm coefficient.
The present invention is based on formula (2), according to the blasting vibration waveform and blasting parameter of actual monitoring, design, calculates
Go out explosive quantity in a sound, by excavation rock mass volume and strain energy, Peak Velocity of Blasting Vibration.Calculated again by Multiple Regression Analysis Method
The unknowm coefficient gone out in vibration prediction formula, you can realize the forecast of deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration.
The advantage of the deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration forecasting procedure based on energy principle of the invention is：
(1) based on the blasting vibration waveform of actual measurement, with reference to explosion design, parameter and space enrironment, you can predict
Yield of deep-buried cavities excavates the peak value of transient unloading induced vibration, simple to operate；
(2) compared with existing forecasting procedure, deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration is predicted using the method for the present invention
Velocity peak values are more accurately and reliably；It can be widely applied in the industry deep rock mass excavation project such as mine, water power, traffic.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is explosion design diagram.
Fig. 2 is that vialog arranges schematic diagram.
Fig. 3 is measured waveform schematic diagram.
Fig. 4 is nonlinear fitting result schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is new and old forecasting procedure contrast schematic diagram.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the present invention is further described.As Figure 1-5, a kind of depth based on energy principle
Portion's rock blasting excavates induced vibration forecasting procedure, comprises the following steps：
First, using dimensional analysis method, the peak vibration prediction of speed formula based on principle of energy balance is established.
Influence deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration velocity peak values v physical quantity has：The gross energy E of release, including：Quilt
Excavate energy ξ QW (E=ξ QW+S), excavation rock mass volume V, rock mass that strain of rock mass energy S and explosive charge are discharged with vibration mode
Density p and particle, apart from r, are written as functional relation with Bao Yuan centers：
V=F1(E,V,ρ,r) (3)
5 physical quantitys are had in formula (3), the dimension respectively measured is respectively：[v]=LT-1, [E]=ML2T-2, [V]=L3、[ρ]
=ML-3, [r]=L, L, M, T are respectively length, quality, the basic dimension of time.
According to Buckingham theorem, above-mentioned 5 physical quantitys can be described using two π equations：
Formula (4) is converted into the form of basic dimension：
Index and be zero in above-mentioned equation：
Solve equation (6) and can obtain π1, can similarly try to achieve π2, it is as follows：
So as to obtain by characteristic π1And π2The functional relation of composition：
E=ξ QW+S are substituted into formula (8), you can obtain the deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration based on energy principle
Predictor formula (2).
Then, based on deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration predictor formula (2), deep rock is realized using following steps
The forecast of body Blasting Excavation induced vibration：
(1) drilling and powder charge, in hole, wall cloth puts Blast Vibration Monitoring instrument, records the vibrational waveform of blasting process, is shaken
The peak value v of dynamic speed, while measuring the corresponding particle in each monitoring point with Bao Yuan centers apart from r.
(2) according to explosion design, parameter, excavation rock mass volume V, the explosive energy QW corresponding to every section of blasting cap initiation are obtained
And coefficient ξ, according to Blasting Excavation space enrironment, obtain close by excavation strain of rock mass energy S, rock mass corresponding to every section of blasting cap initiation
Degree.
(3) data being collected into are combined：Particle is with Bao Yuan centers apart from r, explosive energy QW and coefficient ξ, by excavation rock
Body volume V, by excavation strain of rock mass energy S, the peak value v of vibration velocity, rock mass density p, calculated using Multiple Regression Analysis Method
The unknowm coefficient K gone out in vibration prediction formula2, β, you can realize the forecast of deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration.
The technique effect of the present invention is illustrated further below in conjunction with drawings and examples.
The crustal stress level of certain Hydropower Station Underground is higher, and wherein first principal stress and third principal stress direction is close to water
Flat, size is respectively 27MPa and 12MPa, and first principal stress has 20 °~30 ° of angle with main building longitudinal axis；Second principal stress
Close to vertically, size is 23MPa.
Explosion is designed as shown in figure 1, using 2#Rock emulsion explosive, blasthole depth 8.5m, aperture 90mm, medicine footpath 60mm, even
Continuous powder charge, point 8 sections of detonations, detonator jumps section and uses (MS1-MS15 in such as Fig. 1).Volume is being respectively arranged apart from quick-fried source diverse location
Number it is 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5#, 6# Blast Vibration Monitoring instrument, the vibratory response of country rock, measuring point during monitoring the detonation of each section of blasthole
Arrangement is shown in Fig. 2.Shown in Fig. 2, main building is excavated from left to right, and vibration monitor is arranged on the hole wall for having completed to excavate.
Figure borehole blasting area refers to the part that will be excavated using cap sensitive explosive.
Then, detonate each section of detonator successively, and record 1#, 2#, 3#, 4#, 5#, 6# position country rock with vibration monitor and shake
Dynamic waveform, by taking 2# measuring points as an example, Fig. 3 gives its hole axially actual measurement vibration of base rock waveform.
Then, according to explosion design, parameter, excavation rock mass volume V, the explosive energy corresponding to every section of blasting cap initiation are obtained
QW and coefficient ξ, according to Blasting Excavation space enrironment, obtain corresponding to every section of blasting cap initiation by excavation strain of rock mass energy S, rock mass
Density p.
With reference to the data being collected into：Particle is with Bao Yuan centers apart from r, explosive energy QW and coefficient ξ, by excavation rock mass body
Accumulate V, by excavation strain of rock mass energy S, the peak value v of vibration velocity, rock mass density p, calculated and shaken using Multiple Regression Analysis Method
Unknowm coefficient K in dynamic predictor formula2, β, do following processing：
First, calculateWithValue, wherein i represent segmentation detonation numbering (i=
1,2 ..., 8)；Then, it is rightWithValue carries out multiple regression analysis and (uses least square method
Carry out nonlinear fitting), fitting result is as shown in figure 4, obtainOnLinear side
Journey；Finally, according to the slope and intercept of linear equation, K is tried to achieve2=5.68*10-3, β=1.34.
By the K of acquisition2, β value substitute into formula (2), you can predict deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration velocity peak values v
With the attenuation curve of distance, Fig. 5 is seen.Actual measurement peak value vibration velocity v is given in Fig. 5 simultaneously with range attenuation curve and existing skill is used
The prediction curve that art is obtained, as can be seen from Figure, compared to the existing forecasting procedure (predictor formula based on explosive quantity in a sound
(1) the deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration forecasting procedure based on energy principle), provided using the invention, forecast knot
Fruit is closer to measured data, and forecast precision is higher.
Specific embodiment described herein is only to spirit explanation for example of the invention.Technology neck belonging to of the invention
The technical staff in domain can be made various modifications, supplement to described specific embodiment or be replaced using similar mode
Generation, but without departing from the spiritual of the present invention or surmount scope defined in appended claims.
Claims (2)
1. a kind of deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration forecasting procedure based on energy principle, it is characterised in that including following step
Suddenly：
(1) the vibration prediction formula that strain energy is discharged based on explosive charge energy and by excavation rock mass is set up by dimensional analysis：In formula：ρ is rock mass density, unit：kg/m3；R is the distance at particle and Bao Yuan centers,
Unit：m；Q is explosive quantity in a sound, unit：kg；W is Explosive Heat, unit：J/kg；QW is explosive quantity in a sound and Explosive Heat product,
Represent explosive energy, unit：J；ξ is known coefficient, is to release energy to account for explosive charge energy percentage with vibration mode；S is
By excavation strain of rock mass energy, unit：J；V is by excavation rock mass volume, unit：m3；K2, β be unknowm coefficient；
(2) drilling and powder charge, in hole, wall cloth puts Blast Vibration Monitoring instrument, records the vibrational waveform of blasting process, obtains vibration velocity
Peak value v, while measure the corresponding particle in each monitoring point and Bao Yuan centers apart from r；
(3), according to explosion design, parameter, obtain excavation rock mass volume V, explosive energy QW corresponding to every section of blasting cap initiation and be
Number ξ, according to Blasting Excavation space enrironment, obtain corresponding to every section of blasting cap initiation by excavation strain of rock mass energy S, rock mass density；
(4) the data being collected into are combined：Particle is with Bao Yuan centers apart from r, explosive energy QW and coefficient ξ, by excavation rock mass volume
V, by excavation strain of rock mass energy S, the peak value v of vibration velocity, rock mass density p, vibration is calculated using Multiple Regression Analysis Method
Unknowm coefficient K in predictor formula2, β, realize the forecast of deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration.
2. the deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration forecasting procedure as claimed in claim 1 based on energy principle, its feature
It is that (4) the step further comprises following sub-step：
(4-1) is according to the data being collected into：Particle is with Bao Yuan centers apart from r, explosive energy QW and coefficient ξ, by excavation rock mass
Volume V, by excavation strain of rock mass energy S, the peak value v of vibration velocity, rock mass density p, calculateWithValue；
(4-2) is rightWithValue carries out multiple regression analysis, obtainsClose
InLinear equation；Described multiple regression analysis is to carry out nonlinear fitting using least square method；
The slope and intercept of (4-3) in linear equation, use the exponential function using natural constant e the bottom of as, calculate K2、β
Value, realizes the forecast of deep rock mass Blasting Excavation induced vibration.
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| CN106326546B (en) * | 2016-08-23 | 2019-05-10 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | A method of prediction nuclear power engineering rock blasting damnification depth |
| CN109752085A (en) * | 2018-11-09 | 2019-05-14 | 北方爆破科技有限公司 | A kind of digital electric detonator hole-by-hole initiation vibration prediction method |
| CN110261901B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2020-06-23 | 武汉大学 | Deep rock mass rockburst intensity evaluation method based on induced vibration |
| CN111784025B (en) * | 2020-05-26 | 2022-05-10 | 武汉理工大学 | System and method for predicting blasting vibration speed of side wall of vertical shaft based on simply supported beam model |
| CN113532209B (en) * | 2021-07-30 | 2022-04-29 | 武汉大学 | Transient unloading vibration measuring method |
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