CN117128822A - Open-air step blasting hole distribution method - Google Patents
Open-air step blasting hole distribution method Download PDFInfo
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- CN117128822A CN117128822A CN202311243173.1A CN202311243173A CN117128822A CN 117128822 A CN117128822 A CN 117128822A CN 202311243173 A CN202311243173 A CN 202311243173A CN 117128822 A CN117128822 A CN 117128822A
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- blasting
- hole distribution
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- 238000005422 blasting Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 239000011435 rock Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000004364 calculation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000013598 vector Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003044 adaptive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004075 alteration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009412 basement excavation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005474 detonation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000014759 maintenance of location Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005065 mining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D1/00—Blasting methods or apparatus, e.g. loading or tamping
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
- F42D—BLASTING
- F42D3/00—Particular applications of blasting techniques
- F42D3/04—Particular applications of blasting techniques for rock blasting
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A10/00—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE at coastal zones; at river basins
- Y02A10/23—Dune restoration or creation; Cliff stabilisation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- A Measuring Device Byusing Mechanical Method (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to the technical field of blasting hole distribution, in particular to a method for blasting hole distribution of an open-air step, which comprises the following steps: inputting the coordinates of a cliff line (a slope top line) and the coordinates of a corresponding slope bottom line measured on site, marking a free boundary, marking the free boundary, namely a free surface in step blasting, by the slope top and the slope bottom line, marking an infinite boundary, giving a boundary line of a rock mass to be blasted and reserved through an algorithm, determining a push-back profile, pushing the free boundary back to a series of push-back profiles according to a specified row distance, arranging blast holes, arranging the blast holes on each push-back profile after the push-back of the free boundary is completed, and eliminating redundant points in the push-back process of the free boundary; the beneficial effects are as follows: by providing the self-adaptive blast hole arrangement method based on the calculation geometric technology, the blast holes can be arranged in a self-adaptive manner according to the cliff line obtained by field measurement, so that the step blasting effect is ensured, and the hole distribution accuracy is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of blasting hole distribution, in particular to a method for blasting hole distribution of an open-air step.
Background
The step blasting is mainly used for mining and stripping of mines, railway and highway cutting and excavation construction engineering of earthwork of water conservancy and hydropower, is a blasting technology with very wide application prospect, and the open-air step blasting is the most commonly used blasting method, mainly refers to the blasting method that a working face is propelled in a step form, and has great superiority in the aspects of improving crushing quality, maintaining slope stability, improving shipping efficiency and economic benefit and the like
In the prior art, the first step of step blasting design is the arrangement of blastholes, and the traditional method for arranging blastholes for micro-dislocation blasting is to firstly empirically determine hole pitch and row pitch according to the explosiveness of rock mass in a blasting area, then to distribute holes on site by technicians, so that the method is relatively random and is mainly completed by virtue of the experience of the technicians. Therefore, the invention provides an open-air step blasting hole distribution method for solving the problems.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide an open-air step blasting hole distribution method, which aims to solve the problems that the first step of step blasting design proposed in the background technology is hole arrangement, and the traditional hole arrangement method for micro-dislocation inter-row blasting is to firstly determine hole distances and row distances empirically according to the explosivity of rock mass in an explosion area, then distribute holes by technicians on site, and the hole distribution method is relatively random and is mainly finished by virtue of the experience of the technicians.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for blasting and hole distribution of an open-air step comprises the following steps:
s1: inputting data, namely inputting the coordinates of a cliff line (a slope top line) and corresponding coordinates of a slope bottom line which are measured on site;
s2: marking a free boundary, namely marking the free boundary through a slope top and a slope bottom line, namely a free surface in step blasting;
s3: marking an infinite boundary, and giving a boundary line between a rock mass to be blasted and a reserved rock mass through an algorithm, wherein the boundary line is called an infinite boundary;
s4: determining a push-back profile, and pushing the free boundary to a series of push-back profiles according to a specified row distance;
s5: arranging blast holes, namely arranging the blast holes on each backward moving contour line after the free boundary is pushed backwards;
s6: redundant points are removed, and a polygon poor area, namely redundant points, may appear in the backward pushing process of the free boundary.
Preferably, the free boundary is divided into a free boundary or two free boundaries according to the included angle of two line segments corresponding to the measuring point, if the included angle of two line segments connected with a certain measuring point at the inner side of the explosion zone is smaller than or equal to 90 degrees, the two free boundaries are considered to be two free boundaries, respectively identified by 1 and 2, otherwise, the two free boundaries are considered to be one free boundary, and identified by 1.
Preferably, the infinite boundary is formulated according to the scale and index of each step blast.
Preferably, the method for pushing back the free boundary is to calculate the normal vector (pointing to the inner side of the explosion zone) of two line segments connected with each measuring point, then move each line segment backwards by the distance of the row distance according to the direction of the normal vector, and calculate the intersection point of each line segment after the backward movement, namely the contour of the free boundary after the backward movement is obtained.
Preferably, the method for arranging the blast holes uses the intersection point of each backward profile and an infinite boundary as a starting point, uses the pitch as the diameter to make a circle, and the obtained intersection point is the position of the blast hole.
Preferably, the redundant points adopt a convex hull algorithm in calculation geometry, thereby achieving the purpose of eliminating the redundant points
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
by providing the self-adaptive blast hole arrangement method based on the calculation geometric technology, the blast holes can be arranged in a self-adaptive manner according to the cliff line obtained by field measurement, so that the step blasting effect is ensured, and the hole distribution accuracy is improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a push-back method of the free boundary of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a method of arranging blastholes on a back profile in accordance with the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an arrangement of blastholes in the blast zone of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a flow chart of the adaptive borehole placement algorithm of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the embodiments of the present invention will be further described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are some, but not all, embodiments of the present invention, are intended to be illustrative only and not limiting of the embodiments of the present invention, and that all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making any inventive effort are within the scope of the present invention.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "middle," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," "top," "bottom," "side," "vertical," "horizontal," and the like indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the drawings, merely to facilitate description of the present invention and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a specific orientation, be configured and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "a," an, "" the first, "" the second, "" the third, "" the fourth, "" the fifth, "and the sixth" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention will be understood in specific cases by those of ordinary skill in the art.
For purposes of brevity and description, the principles of the embodiments are described primarily by reference to examples. In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments. It will be apparent, however, to one of ordinary skill in the art that the embodiments may be practiced without limitation to these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods and structures have not been described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure the embodiments. In addition, all embodiments may be used in combination with each other.
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the present invention provides a technical solution: a method for blasting and hole distribution of an open-air step comprises the following steps:
s1: inputting data, namely inputting the coordinates of a cliff line (a slope top line) and corresponding coordinates of a slope bottom line which are measured on site;
s2: marking a free boundary, namely marking the free boundary through a slope top and a slope bottom line, namely a free surface in step blasting;
s3: marking an infinite boundary, and giving a boundary line between a rock mass to be blasted and a reserved rock mass through an algorithm, wherein the boundary line is called an infinite boundary;
s4: determining a push-back profile, and pushing the free boundary to a series of push-back profiles according to a specified row distance;
s5: arranging blast holes, namely arranging the blast holes on each backward moving contour line after the free boundary is pushed backwards;
s6: redundant points are removed, and a polygon poor area, namely redundant points, may appear in the backward pushing process of the free boundary.
The free boundary is divided into a free boundary or two free boundaries according to the included angle of two line segments corresponding to the measuring points, if the included angle of the two line segments connected with a certain measuring point at the inner side of the explosion zone is smaller than or equal to 90 degrees, the two free boundaries are considered to be respectively identified by 1 and 2, otherwise, the free boundary is considered to be a free boundary, and the purpose of dividing the free boundary into two areas is that: the first detonation blast hole is convenient to find; when only one free boundary exists, randomly making a first detonating blast hole;
the infinite boundary is formulated according to the scale and index of each step blasting, and because the scale of each step blasting is determined according to the production task index and the capacity of the shovel loading equipment, each step blasting can only be a part of one step, so that the boundary between blasting and rock mass retention needs to be given in the self-adaptive blast hole arrangement algorithm;
the method for pushing back the free boundary comprises the steps of calculating normal vectors (pointing to the inner side of the explosion zone) of two line segments connected with each measuring point, then moving back each line segment by a row distance according to the direction of the normal vectors, calculating the intersection point of each line segment after the back movement, namely obtaining a contour of which the free boundary is moved back once, and repeating the process until the whole explosion zone is filled with the backward movement contour;
the method for arranging the blast holes is to take the intersection point of each backward profile and an infinite boundary as a starting point and take a hole pitch as a diameter to make a circle, 1 or 2 intersection points of the circle and the profile line are adopted, and the intersection point far from the starting point is taken when 2 intersection points are adopted, so that the obtained intersection point is the position of the blast hole;
the redundant points adopt a convex hull algorithm in calculation geometry, namely only points on the outer contour of the scattered point system are reserved, so that the purpose of eliminating the redundant points is achieved.
When the device works, by providing a self-adaptive blast hole arrangement method based on a calculation geometric technology, blast holes can be arranged in a self-adaptive manner according to the cliff line obtained by field measurement, so that the step blasting effect is ensured, and the hole distribution accuracy is improved.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (6)
1. A method for blasting and hole distribution of an open-air step is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
s1: inputting data, namely inputting the coordinates of a cliff line (a slope top line) and corresponding coordinates of a slope bottom line which are measured on site;
s2: marking a free boundary, namely marking the free boundary through a slope top and a slope bottom line, namely a free surface in step blasting;
s3: marking an infinite boundary, and giving a boundary line between a rock mass to be blasted and a reserved rock mass through an algorithm, wherein the boundary line is called an infinite boundary;
s4: determining a push-back profile, and pushing the free boundary to a series of push-back profiles according to a specified row distance;
s5: arranging blast holes, namely arranging the blast holes on each backward moving contour line after the free boundary is pushed backwards;
s6: redundant points are removed, and a polygon poor area, namely redundant points, may appear in the backward pushing process of the free boundary.
2. The open bench blasting hole distribution method according to claim 1, wherein: the free boundary is divided into a free boundary or two free boundaries according to the included angle of two line segments corresponding to the measuring point, if the included angle of the two line segments connected with a certain measuring point at the inner side of the explosion zone is smaller than or equal to 90 degrees, the two free boundaries are considered to be respectively identified by 1 and 2, otherwise, the two free boundaries are considered to be a free boundary and are identified by 1.
3. The open bench blasting hole distribution method according to claim 2, wherein: the infinite boundary is formulated according to the scale and index of each step blasting.
4. A method for blasting hole distribution in open bench according to claim 3, wherein: the method for pushing back the free boundary comprises the steps of calculating normal vectors (pointing to the inner side of the explosion zone) of two line segments connected with each measuring point, then moving back each line segment by the distance of the row distance according to the direction of the normal vectors, and then calculating the intersection point of each line segment after the back movement, namely obtaining the contour of the free boundary after the back movement once.
5. The open bench blasting hole distribution method according to claim 4, wherein: the method for arranging the blast holes is to take the intersection point of each backward profile and an infinite boundary as a starting point, take the pitch of holes as the diameter to make a circle, and the obtained intersection point is the position of the blast hole.
6. The open bench blasting hole distribution method according to claim 5, wherein: the redundant points adopt a convex hull algorithm in calculation geometry, so that the purpose of eliminating the redundant points is achieved.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311243173.1A CN117128822A (en) | 2023-09-26 | 2023-09-26 | Open-air step blasting hole distribution method |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202311243173.1A CN117128822A (en) | 2023-09-26 | 2023-09-26 | Open-air step blasting hole distribution method |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN117128822A true CN117128822A (en) | 2023-11-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN202311243173.1A Pending CN117128822A (en) | 2023-09-26 | 2023-09-26 | Open-air step blasting hole distribution method |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN117128822A (en) |
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2023
- 2023-09-26 CN CN202311243173.1A patent/CN117128822A/en active Pending
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