CN108909697B - 一种矿用防爆型电液制动阀 - Google Patents
一种矿用防爆型电液制动阀 Download PDFInfo
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
- B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
- B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/68—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by electrically-controlled valves
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60T—VEHICLE BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF; BRAKE CONTROL SYSTEMS OR PARTS THEREOF, IN GENERAL; ARRANGEMENT OF BRAKING ELEMENTS ON VEHICLES IN GENERAL; PORTABLE DEVICES FOR PREVENTING UNWANTED MOVEMENT OF VEHICLES; VEHICLE MODIFICATIONS TO FACILITATE COOLING OF BRAKES
- B60T13/00—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/10—Transmitting braking action from initiating means to ultimate brake actuator with power assistance or drive; Brake systems incorporating such transmitting means, e.g. air-pressure brake systems with fluid assistance, drive, or release
- B60T13/66—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems
- B60T13/70—Electrical control in fluid-pressure brake systems by fluid-controlled switches
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B13/00—Details of servomotor systems ; Valves for servomotor systems
- F15B13/02—Fluid distribution or supply devices characterised by their adaptation to the control of servomotors
- F15B13/021—Valves for interconnecting the fluid chambers of an actuator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F15—FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS; HYDRAULICS OR PNEUMATICS IN GENERAL
- F15B—SYSTEMS ACTING BY MEANS OF FLUIDS IN GENERAL; FLUID-PRESSURE ACTUATORS, e.g. SERVOMOTORS; DETAILS OF FLUID-PRESSURE SYSTEMS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F15B21/00—Common features of fluid actuator systems; Fluid-pressure actuator systems or details thereof, not covered by any other group of this subclass
- F15B21/08—Servomotor systems incorporating electrically operated control means
- F15B21/087—Control strategy, e.g. with block diagram
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K11/00—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
- F16K11/02—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
- F16K11/06—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
- F16K11/065—Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16K—VALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
- F16K31/00—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices
- F16K31/12—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid
- F16K31/36—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor
- F16K31/40—Actuating devices; Operating means; Releasing devices actuated by fluid in which fluid from the circuit is constantly supplied to the fluid motor with electrically-actuated member in the discharge of the motor
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Abstract
本发明属于矿用车辆制动技术领域,具体是一种矿用防爆型电液制动阀。包括透气螺堵、弹簧、阀体、阀芯、堵头、先导阀芯、先导阀套、塔式复位弹簧和防爆型线性力马达,阀体上设置有A口、P口和T口,阀体内设置有用于安装阀芯的内部空间,该内部空间内设置有阀芯,并且该内部空间分别与A口、P口和T口连通,阀芯一端与堵头接触,阀芯另一端与弹簧连接,弹簧固定在透气螺堵上,透气螺堵与阀体螺纹连接。本发明实现煤矿井下运输车辆制动系统的电液控制,减小工人劳动强,有助于煤矿井下运输车辆向终端遥控化和智能无人化方向发展,有益于工人健康和煤矿安全、高效生产。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于矿用车辆制动技术领域,具体是一种矿用防爆型电液制动阀。
背景技术
在井下掘进工作面,存在风尘污染大,视觉条件差,阴暗潮湿等不利因素,且伴随有透水,瓦斯突出,瓦斯爆炸等灾难发生的可能性,实现井下车辆制动系统的远程终端控制或智能控制对工人的健康、煤矿安全、高效生产意义重大。
现井下运输车辆行车制动系统多采用全液压制动踏板,不仅工人劳动强度大,也不易实现制动系统的电气化控制,从而制约了煤矿井下运输车辆的向终端遥控化和智能无人化方向发展。目前,已公开资料涉及的电液制动阀,基本都不具有防爆功能,极少数电液制动踏板具有防爆功能,但只是将电制动装置和液压制动阀整合在一起,和本发明有本质的不同,且结构复杂,体积庞大,造价昂贵,结构、原理、性能参数等与煤矿井下运输车辆的制动系统不匹配。
发明内容
本发明为了解决上述问题,提供一种矿用防爆型电液制动阀。
本发明采取以下技术方案:包括透气螺堵、弹簧、阀体、阀芯、堵头、先导阀芯、先导阀套、塔式复位弹簧和防爆型线性力马达,阀体上设置有A口、P口和T口,阀体内设置有用于安装阀芯的内部空间,该内部空间内设置有阀芯,并且该内部空间分别与A口、P口和T口连通,阀芯一端与堵头接触,阀芯另一端与弹簧连接,弹簧固定在透气螺堵上,透气螺堵与阀体螺纹连接。
阀体上还设置有先导阀套,先导阀套与先导阀芯之间采用间隙配合,先导阀套与先导阀芯之间设置有用于先导阀芯的复位的塔式复位弹簧,先导阀芯与防爆型线性力马达的输出端连接,先导阀套上设置有A1口、T1口和P1口,防爆型线性力马达不通电时,A1口和T1口连通;防爆型线性力马达通电时,A1口和P1口连通。
阀体内部设有用于连接P口和P1口的先导油流道III、先导油流道IV以及先导油流道V;还设置有用于连接连通T口和T1口的先导油流道VI、先导油流道VII以及先导油流道VIII;A1口和阀芯右端液控腔通过先导油流道I和先导油流道II连通。
阀芯其左端为直径小于阀芯直径的台阶轴,台阶轴与阀芯连接处为左侧压力作用面,阀芯中部设置有环状沉割槽I,阀芯内设置有与左侧压力作用面连接的压力反馈流道II,阀芯内还设置有与环状沉割槽I连接的压力反馈流道I,压力反馈流道I与压力反馈流道II中部连通;阀芯右端为截面直径不同的右侧压力作用面I和右侧压力作用面II,阀芯右端还设置有导流环和沉积槽。
先导阀套内开有过油孔I和过油孔II,过油孔I与T1口连通,过油孔II与P1口连通;先导阀芯内设置有过油流道I和过油流道II,先导阀芯周侧设置有环状沉割槽II,过油流道I连接A1口,过油流道I通过过油流道II与环状沉割槽II连通;防爆型线性力马达不通电时,A1口和T1口通过环状沉割槽II、过油流道I、过油流道II以及过油孔I连通;防爆型线性力马达通电时,A1口和P1口通过环状沉割槽II、过油流道I、过油流道II以及过油孔II连通。
阀体内的先导油流道II用压力插销封堵。
与现有技术相比,本发明具有结构紧凑,设计新颖,体积小巧,可防爆,易于实现电气控制等特点。达到了使用弱电信号(24V)来线性控制矿用车辆制动力矩的目的,实现煤矿井下运输车辆制动系统的电液控制,减小工人劳动强,有助于煤矿井下运输车辆向终端遥控化和智能无人化方向发展,有益于工人健康和煤矿安全、高效生产。
附图说明
图1为本发明结构示意图;
图2为图1中A-A剖视图;
图3为先导控制部分局部放大图;
图4为先导阀芯结构图;
图5为阀芯结构图;
图6为本发明液压原理及连接示意图;
图中1-透气螺堵,2-弹簧,3-阀体,4-阀芯,5-堵头,6-压力插销,7-先导阀芯,8-先导阀套,9-密封垫,10-O型密封圈I,11-O形密封圈II,12-塔式复位弹簧,13-防爆型线性力马达,14-螺钉,15-O型密封圈III,16-先导油流道I,17-先导油流道II,18-先导油流道III,19-先导油流道IV,20-先导油流道V,21-先导油流道VI,22-先导油流道VII,23-先导油流道VIII,24-右侧压力作用面I,25-右侧压力作用面II,26-导流环,27-环状沉割槽I,28-压力反馈流道I,29-压力反馈流道II,30-左侧压力作用环面,31-台阶轴,32-沉积槽,33-过油孔I,34-过油孔II,35-过油流道I,36-环形沉割槽II,37-过油流道II。
具体实施方式
如图1所示,一种矿用防爆型电液制动阀,包括透气螺堵1、弹簧2、阀体3、阀芯4、堵头5、先导阀芯7、先导阀套8、塔式复位弹簧12和防爆型线性力马达13,阀体3上设置有A口、P口和T口,阀体3内设置有用于安装阀芯的内部空间,该内部空间内设置有阀芯4,并且该内部空间分别与A口、P口和T口连通,阀芯4一端与堵头5接触,阀芯4另一端与弹簧2连接,弹簧2固定在透气螺堵1上,透气螺堵1与阀体3螺纹连接。
如图3、4所示,阀体3上还设置有先导阀套8,先导阀套8与先导阀芯7之间采用间隙配合,先导阀套8与先导阀芯7之间设置有用于先导阀芯7的复位的塔式复位弹簧12,先导阀芯7与防爆型线性力马达13的输出端连接,先导阀套8上设置有A1口、T1口和P1口。防爆型线性力马达13不通电时,A1口和T1口连通。防爆型线性力马达13通电时,A1口和P1口连通。
如图2所示,阀体3内部设有用于连接P口和P1口的先导油流道III18、先导油流道IV19以及先导油流道V20;还设置有用于连接连通T口和T1口的先导油流道VI21、先导油流道VII22以及先导油流道VIII23;A1口和阀芯4右端液控腔通过先导油流道I16和先导油流道II17连通。
如图5所示,阀芯4其左端为直径小于阀芯直径的台阶轴31,台阶轴31与阀芯4连接处为左侧压力作用面30,阀芯4中部设置有环状沉割槽I27,阀芯4内设置有与左侧压力作用面30连接的压力反馈流道II29,阀芯4内还设置有与环状沉割槽I27连接的压力反馈流道I28,压力反馈流道I28与压力反馈流道II29中部连通;阀芯4右端为截面直径不同的右侧压力作用面I24和右侧压力作用面II25,阀芯4右端还设置有导流环26和沉积槽32。
先导阀套8内开有过油孔I33和过油孔II34,过油孔I33与T1口连通,过油孔II34与P1口连通;先导阀芯7内设置有过油流道I35和过油流道II37,先导阀芯7周侧设置有环状沉割槽II36,过油流道I35连接A1口,过油流道I35通过过油流道II37与环状沉割槽II36连通;防爆型线性力马达13不通电时,A1口和T1口通过环状沉割槽II36、过油流道I35、过油流道II37以及过油孔I33连通;防爆型线性力马达13通电时,A1口和P1口通过环状沉割槽II36、过油流道I35、过油流道II37以及过油孔II34连通。
阀体3内的先导油流道II用压力插销6封堵。密封垫9,O形密封圈I10及O形密封圈II11分别用于防止A1口和P1口之间的泄漏,P1口和T1口之间的泄漏以及阀体3的端面泄漏。堵头5用于阀芯4的右侧限位。透气螺堵1与阀体3螺纹连接,用于阀芯4弹簧腔排气和左侧限位。阀芯4左侧有台阶轴31,O形密封圈III防止油液沿台阶轴31向弹簧腔泄漏,所以阀芯4左侧压力有效作用面积仅为左侧压力作用环面。阀芯4上有环状沉割槽I27用于在防爆型线性力马达13不通电时,A口和T口的连通,或通电时,P口或A口的连通。压力反馈流道I28和压力反馈流道II29用于将制动阀输出压力反馈到阀芯4左侧面,反馈压力有效作用面为左侧压力作用环面。导流环26使P口压力或T口压力均匀作用于阀芯,防止阀芯偏载卡滞。沉积槽32用于沉积油液中的污染物,防止阀芯4被卡滞。
具体工作过程:
当车辆需要行车制动时,防爆型线性力马达13接收到电流信号,就会产生电磁力,通过其内部推杆作用于先导阀芯7,先导阀芯7向左运动,A1口与P1口被环状沉割槽I27,过油流道I35,过油流道II 37连通,A1口输出压力与输入电流成正比例关系。当A1口输出压力作用于阀芯4侧压力作用面I24和右侧压力作用面II25时,克服弹簧2作用力,主阀芯4向左运动。当环状沉割槽I27连通P口和A口时,A口压力油进入制动器行车制动腔,制动器产生制动力矩,A口压力同时经阀芯4上的压力反馈流道I28和压力反馈流道II29作用于阀芯4左侧左侧压力作用环面30,此时主阀芯受力平衡。当控制电流增大时,A1口输出压力变大,主阀芯右侧受力变大,阀芯4为了保持受力平衡,A口输出压力也增大,这意味着行车制动扭矩也增大。由于阀芯4台阶轴31的存在,阀芯4左侧压力有效作用左侧压力作用环面30面积小于阀芯4右侧压力有效作用面面积之和,所以电液制动阀A 口压力永远大于先导阀A1口的压力,该过程实现了控制力的线性放大。这样,通过给防爆线性力马达一个较小的电流电压信号,主阀可以输出一个较大的压力流量信号,且压力信号大小是与电流信号大小是对应的、成比例的,从而达到行车制动扭矩与输入电流信号成比例变化的目的。
当车辆不需要行车制动时,防爆型线性力马达13不通电时,阀芯4右端液控腔依次经阀体3内的先导油流道II 17和先导油流道I 16,A1口,先导阀芯7中过油流道I 35,过油流道II37以及环状沉割槽II36,先导阀套8中过油孔I33到T1口,阀体3内流道先导油流道VI21,先导油流道VII 22,先导油流道VIII 23后,与阀体T口连通,T口与系统油箱连通,所以阀芯4右侧无压力作用。此时由于阀芯4上的环状沉割槽I27连通A口和T口,所以制动器行车制动腔压力处于被释放状态,行车制动力矩被消除。
Claims (4)
1.一种矿用防爆型电液制动阀,其特征在于:包括透气螺堵(1)、弹簧(2)、阀体(3)、阀芯(4)、堵头(5)、先导阀芯(7)、先导阀套(8)、塔式复位弹簧(12)和防爆型线性力马达(13),阀体(3)上设置有A口、P口和T口,阀体(3)内设置有用于安装阀芯的内部空间,该内部空间内设置有阀芯(4),并且该内部空间分别与A口、P口和T口连通,阀芯(4)一端与堵头(5)接触,阀芯(4)另一端与弹簧(2)连接,弹簧(2)固定在透气螺堵(1)上,透气螺堵(1)与阀体(3)螺纹连接;
阀体(3)上还设置有先导阀套(8),先导阀套(8)与先导阀芯(7)之间采用间隙配合,先导阀套(8)与先导阀芯(7)之间设置有用于先导阀芯(7)的复位的塔式复位弹簧(12),先导阀芯(7)与防爆型线性力马达(13)的输出端连接,先导阀套(8)上设置有A1口、T1口和P1口,
防爆型线性力马达(13)不通电时,A1口和T1口连通;
防爆型线性力马达(13)通电时,A1口和P1口连通;
阀体(3)内部设有用于连接P口和P1口的先导油流道III(18)、先导油流道IV(19)以及先导油流道V(20);还设置有用于连接连通T口和T1口的先导油流道VI(21)、先导油流道VII(22)以及先导油流道VIII(23); A1口和阀芯(4)右端液控腔通过先导油流道I(16)和先导油流道II(17)连通。
2.根据权利要求1所述的矿用防爆型电液制动阀,其特征在于:所述的阀芯(4)其左端为直径小于阀芯直径的台阶轴(31),台阶轴(31)与阀芯(4)连接处为左侧压力作用面(30),阀芯(4)中部设置有环状沉割槽I(27),阀芯(4)内设置有与左侧压力作用面(30)连接的压力反馈流道II(29),阀芯(4)内还设置有与环状沉割槽I(27)连接的压力反馈流道I(28),压力反馈流道I(28)与压力反馈流道II(29)中部连通;阀芯(4)右端为截面直径不同的右侧压力作用面I(24)和右侧压力作用面II(25),阀芯(4)右端还设置有导流环(26)和沉积槽(32)。
3.根据权利要求2所述的矿用防爆型电液制动阀,其特征在于:先导阀套(8)内开有过油孔I(33)和过油孔II(34),过油孔I(33)与T1口连通,过油孔II(34)与P1口连通;先导阀芯(7)内设置有过油流道I(35)和过油流道II(37),先导阀芯(7)周侧设置有环状沉割槽II(36),过油流道I(35)连接A1口,过油流道I(35)通过过油流道II(37)与环状沉割槽II(36)连通;防爆型线性力马达(13)不通电时,A1口和T1口通过环状沉割槽II(36)、过油流道I(35)、过油流道II(37)以及过油孔I(33)连通;防爆型线性力马达(13)通电时,A1口和P1口通过环状沉割槽II(36)、过油流道I(35)、过油流道II(37)以及过油孔II(34)连通。
4.根据权利要求3所述的矿用防爆型电液制动阀,其特征在于:阀体(3)内的先导油流道II用压力插销(6)封堵。
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