CN1088828C - 水汽混合装置 - Google Patents

水汽混合装置 Download PDF

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CN1088828C
CN1088828C CN95101312A CN95101312A CN1088828C CN 1088828 C CN1088828 C CN 1088828C CN 95101312 A CN95101312 A CN 95101312A CN 95101312 A CN95101312 A CN 95101312A CN 1088828 C CN1088828 C CN 1088828C
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CN1113000A (zh
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卡尔·温霍尔德
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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F16ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
    • F16KVALVES; TAPS; COCKS; ACTUATING-FLOATS; DEVICES FOR VENTING OR AERATING
    • F16K11/00Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves
    • F16K11/02Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit
    • F16K11/06Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements
    • F16K11/065Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members
    • F16K11/07Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides
    • F16K11/0716Multiple-way valves, e.g. mixing valves; Pipe fittings incorporating such valves with all movable sealing faces moving as one unit comprising only sliding valves, i.e. sliding closure elements with linearly sliding closure members with cylindrical slides with fluid passages through the valve member
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00Control of temperature
    • G05D23/01Control of temperature without auxiliary power
    • G05D23/13Control of temperature without auxiliary power by varying the mixing ratio of two fluids having different temperatures
    • G05D23/1306Control of temperature without auxiliary power by varying the mixing ratio of two fluids having different temperatures for liquids
    • G05D23/1313Control of temperature without auxiliary power by varying the mixing ratio of two fluids having different temperatures for liquids without temperature sensing element
    • GPHYSICS
    • G05CONTROLLING; REGULATING
    • G05DSYSTEMS FOR CONTROLLING OR REGULATING NON-ELECTRIC VARIABLES
    • G05D23/00Control of temperature
    • G05D23/01Control of temperature without auxiliary power
    • G05D23/13Control of temperature without auxiliary power by varying the mixing ratio of two fluids having different temperatures
    • G05D23/1386Control of temperature without auxiliary power by varying the mixing ratio of two fluids having different temperatures for steam and liquid
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2496Self-proportioning or correlating systems
    • Y10T137/2559Self-controlled branched flow systems
    • Y10T137/2564Plural inflows
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/2496Self-proportioning or correlating systems
    • Y10T137/2559Self-controlled branched flow systems
    • Y10T137/2564Plural inflows
    • Y10T137/2572One inflow supplements another
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593Systems
    • Y10T137/87571Multiple inlet with single outlet
    • Y10T137/87676With flow control
    • Y10T137/87684Valve in each inlet
    • Y10T137/87692With common valve operator
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y10TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
    • Y10TTECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
    • Y10T137/00Fluid handling
    • Y10T137/8593Systems
    • Y10T137/87917Flow path with serial valves and/or closures
    • Y10T137/88022One valve head provides seat for other head
    • Y10T137/8803Also carries head of other valve

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Automation & Control Theory (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Multiple-Way Valves (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)
  • Control Of Non-Electrical Variables (AREA)
  • Devices For Medical Bathing And Washing (AREA)

Abstract

一种水汽混合装置,水和蒸汽通过分开的闭合供应管导入混合室,其中,能改变水和蒸汽的比例,并且如果水压降到预定值以下时,能自动停止蒸汽的供应。

Description

水汽混合装置
本发明涉及一种水汽混合装置。
化学工业中对于最大温度高达200℃的饱合蒸汽使用蒸汽开关和蒸汽枪。然而,也需要进行水/汽混合,和需要从单独的水和蒸汽成份产生这种混合物的装置,然后,其能通过一喷枪供应。这种水汽混合物只能最多有200℃的温度。在高于200℃的温度下,供应软管就有破裂的危险,并发生局部过热或烧坏。
所以,本发明的目的是提供一种水汽混合装置,其能保证混合物绝不会超过例如大约200℃的预定温度。
该问题是通过提供一种水汽混合装置来解决,其连接一安全阀,水汽供应管与之相连,还设有一阀,其由冷却水的压力启动,并当不供水时中断蒸汽的供应,其中壳体有一圆柱形孔,其中装有一个可轴向移动的活塞,并有一模铸或横向于孔轴线装上的用于蒸汽的接管,并在距其一轴向距离处有一用于水的接管,同时,壳体的壁和插在孔中的缸筒在供汽侧和供水侧分别形成有孔,在打开位置,它们分别与活塞上供汽侧的孔和供水侧的孔对齐,并在活塞的关闭位置不相互重合,该装置特征为有一同轴插入活塞轴向孔中的阀,其能相对轴向位移,并且其头部承受水压,其另一端承受弹簧压力,当没有水压时,弹簧将阀推靠在一端部止动件上而进入关闭位置,其中阀切断通过活塞上孔的汽流,而当有水压时,阀克服弹簧力而移动进入一个打开位置,其中它允许蒸汽通过活塞孔而流动,活塞孔的布置应使水/汽混合率能改变。为此,蒸汽口的截面大于供汽插管的截面,以使活塞进一步移动至实际的开口位置之外而减小供水口,同时保持蒸汽侧不变。于是,水量减少而蒸汽为恒量。
本发明的装置能解决上述问题,因为当供水中断时,既,当存在冷水的混合不能使蒸汽冷却至最大给定温度之下的危险时,阀自动切断供汽。所以,阀由水压控制。水压使阀移动至其打开位置,其中蒸汽能进入混合腔。然而,如果水压下降,一回位弹簧保证阀自动回到关闭位置,其中,向混合室的供汽中断。
本发明装置的一最佳实施例形成了包括该装置和安全阀的结构单元。
另外,根据本发明,在打开位置,阀的直径减小的中间部份与活塞上的孔相连。
所以,为了打开和关闭水和蒸汽的供应管线,使用一可在壳体中轴向移动的活塞,其上形成有分开的用于水和蒸汽的孔,其布置应使当从关闭向打开位置转换时,首先打开供水孔,然后打开供汽孔。阀同轴地设在活塞中,当水压作用于其头部表面时,阀能克服回位弹簧的压力而轴向移动。阀的中部形成一水道,在阀的打开位置,其与活塞上的供汽口对准。
本发明的结构有许多优点,其设计简单,工作平稳,操作简便,功能可靠,特别是当水压下降时能可靠工作。
通过一在外壳中的手轮或电机,活塞可在同轴插入外壳的缸筒中水平往复移动。通过供汽和/或冷水的螺纹接管,最好将缸筒轴向固定在外壳上,螺纹接管是接合在缸筒的孔中。这便于将缸筒装在外壳中。最好通过一个销子使缸筒固定,而防止其转动。如果外壳孔为一缸筒的形式,就能将缸筒省略。
通过转动不能轴向运动的手轮能使活塞轴向移动。或通过一测量例如水/汽混合温度的温度传感器控制一电机使活塞移动。能以这种方式控制混合温度,当混合温度升高时,由温度传感器启动的活塞在缸筒中轴向移动,于是增加了水/汽混合物中的水成份,以致混合温度再次降到所需的值。当混合温度降到所需值以下时,活塞轴向移动使壳体上的水口减小,以致混合物中的水成份相对蒸汽成份减少,而使混合温度再上升到所需温度。
在本发明装置的另一最佳特征中,在阀下游的流动方向,在模铸在阀壳的外壳部份上插入一蒸汽喷咀,并形成一水通过其流动的环形空间。另一特征为提供一容纳水/汽混合物的混合室,其突出于外壳部份,并有一插管用于将供应软管连接到喷枪上。
最好将氟橡胶密封环插入冷水侧,和将特氟隆密封环插入蒸汽侧。
下面通过实施例并参照附图对本发明进行描述。
图1是本发明装置的纵剖图,其处于阀关闭位置;
图2是一放大的阀壳,其处于打开位置;
图3是一阀壳的纵剖图,显示了活塞在供水被节流的位置。
在附图中,相同的部件有相同标号。
如图1所示,本发明的装置包括一外壳1,一套管形的缸筒2插入其圆柱形腔中,并由外壳1内壁上的密封环密封。两个轴向间隔的接管3和4径向形成于外壳1上,前者用于连接水管和后者用于连接汽管。一螺纹接管5插入插管4中,其端部与缸筒2表面上的相应尺寸的径向孔6相接合,由此将缸筒2轴向固定在外壳1中。
活塞7同轴地装在缸筒2中,通过一手轮8能使其水平往复运动。活塞7的端部位置由其上形成的一个槽10限制,其中,一个插入缸筒2壁的销子9以其突出于缸筒2内壁而延伸的部分与槽啮合。于是,槽10的长度相应于活塞7在缸筒2中的行程长度。
一阀11可在活塞7中轴向移动,其与外壳1,缸筒2和活塞7同轴。阀11有一加宽的头部12,其可靠在一作为止动件的洗氏夹环(Seeger circlip ring)上,该环在图1所示的关闭端部位置限制其向右侧的移动。一压缩弹簧14将阀11推至右端处于其端部位置。阀11的中部15直径减小为一台阶形,在所述中部15和活塞7的壁之间形成一环形间隙16。
在缸筒2的壁上的供汽侧和供水侧分别形成有直径方向相对的孔17,18和19,20。同样,在活塞7上的供汽侧有直径方向相对的孔21,22,在供水侧有孔23,24。活塞7上供汽侧的孔21,22比缸筒2的孔17,18有更大的截面,活塞7供水侧的孔23大于缸筒供水侧的孔19,而活塞7和缸筒2的排水侧的孔20,24有相同的截面尺寸。下面将进一步解释孔17-24的这种布置的目的。
缸筒上的供汽孔18与外壳部分28上的一加宽的扩展空间25相连,一喷嘴26与空间25相连,蒸汽通过喷嘴时加速。一环形空间27围绕喷嘴26,水通过该空间流动,从喷嘴中加速喷出的蒸汽夹带着来自环形空间的水旋转形成紊流的饱和蒸汽。从包含喷嘴26的外壳部分28上伸出一混合室29,其有一插管30用于连接一喷枪管。
上述装置的部件在蒸汽侧由氟橡胶环密封,而在冷水侧插入一特氟隆密封环。
外壳1最好由铸铝制造,而缸筒2,活塞7和阀11由特种钢制造。
本发明的水汽混合装置如下工作:
图1显示了该装置的活塞7处于关闭位置。在该位置,活塞7在供汽侧关闭了缸筒2入口侧上的孔17和出口侧上的孔18。在供水侧活塞7与缸筒2上的出水口20重合。所以,蒸汽和水都不会从壳体1流出。
为了打开水和蒸汽通道,先打开供汽和供水管中的截流件(未示)。于是,蒸汽通过接头5直至外壳1的关闭孔17,并且水通过插管3,缸筒2上的孔19和活塞7上的孔23进入活塞内部。然后,水压作用在阀11的头部12,并克服端侧弹簧14的压力,使阀11移动到左侧,如附图中所示,直至阀11的减小直径的中间部份15与活塞7供汽侧的孔21和22对准,于是,孔21和围绕阀11减小直径的中间部份15的环形空间16,和孔22形成一通道。然而,在这种情况下,供水侧和供汽侧仍被关闭,通过阀壳1的两种介质的通道仍被堵塞。
为了打开通道,转动手轮8,使在固定的缸筒2和外壳1中的活塞7离开图1的关闭位置在轴向逐步移动至图2所示的打开位置。在该位置,在供汽侧,孔17通过通道21,16,22与出汽孔18对齐,在供水侧,活塞7上的出水孔24与缸筒2上的孔20对齐。现在,水和蒸汽都能通过外壳。蒸汽进入外壳部份28的扩展空间24,在喷咀23处被加速,并夹带来自环绕空间27的水进入混合室29,然后,饱合蒸汽通过接管30流入通向喷枪的软管。
如果由于某种原因使水流中断,活塞内部的水压下降。由于水的反压力不存在了,压缩弹簧24能伸张,并推阀11至右侧直到洗氏夹环13而停止,如图1所示。在阀11上与直径减小的中间部份15相邻的部份31运动时盖住活塞7上的孔21和22,使之完全被隔离,如图1所示。所以,虽然活塞上的孔21和22仍然与缸筒2上的孔17和18对准,但供汽侧的通道被堵塞了。这就保证了当没有水流时,蒸汽绝不会通过阀壳。所以,阀11能自动地保证关闭蒸汽通过阀壳的通道。
如果水和蒸汽的混合物不足够地热,活塞7能进一步向左移动到超过图2所示的打开位置,而进入图3所示的端部位置。在该位置,蒸汽的通道截面保持不变,而在供水侧,由于分别位于活塞7和缸筒2上的出水孔24和20部份搭接,所以供水量减少。于是,蒸汽的比例相应增加,而使水汽混合物的温度增加。

Claims (11)

1.一种水汽混合装置,包括:
一有圆柱形孔的外壳(1),一横向于圆柱形孔轴线设置或模铸在外壳上的供汽接管(4),并在离开一轴向距离处有一供水接管(3),一活塞(7)可在外壳(1)中轴向滑动,和一阀(11)设置在外壳(1)中,并通过水压进行控制,当供水中断时能自动地关闭供汽管,阀受弹簧(14)的压力,当没有水压时,弹簧将阍推靠在一端部止动件上而进入关闭位置,其中,阀(11)关闭汽流通路,当有水压时,阀(11)克服弹簧(14)的力移动进入打开位置,其中,它允许蒸汽流动,其特征在于:
一用于容纳活塞的缸筒(2)完全插入外壳(1)的圆柱形孔,缸筒在供汽侧形成有孔(17,18),在供水侧形成有孔(19,20),在阀的打开位置,上述孔与活塞(7)供汽侧上的孔(21,22)对齐,并与活塞(7)供水侧上的孔(23,24)对齐,在活塞(7)的关闭位置它们不相互对齐,阀(11)同轴地和完全地插入活塞(7)的轴向腔中,可相对其轴向滑动,其头部承受水压,在关闭位置,阀(11)切断通过活塞(7)的孔(21,22)的汽流,并在打开位置,打开通过活塞(7)的孔(21,22)的汽流,在活塞(7)上的孔(21,22,23,24)的这种布置能改变水/汽的混合比。
2.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:安全阀与所述水汽混合装置形成一结构单元。
3.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:在打开位置,阀(11)以其直径缩小的中部(15)与活塞孔(21,22)相连。
4.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:缸筒(2)通过一供应蒸汽和/或冷水的接管(5)轴向固定在外壳(1)中,其是通过接管(5)与缸筒(2)上的径向孔(6)接合实现的。
5.如权利要求2所述的装置,其特征在于:在阀(11)的流动方向下游,在模铸在壳(1)上的外壳部分(28)上插入一喷汽嘴(26),形成一水可经其流动的环形空间(27)。
6.如权利要求5所述的装置,其特征在于:具有一接受水/汽混合物的混合室(29),其从外壳部分(28)伸出,并有一插管(30),与通向喷枪的供应软管相连。
7.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:在冷水侧插入一氟橡胶的密封环,在蒸汽侧插入一特氟隆的密封环。
8.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:外壳由铸铝制造,缸筒(2),活塞(7)和阀(11)由特种钢制造。
9.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于,一个销子(9)使缸筒(2)固定无法转动。
10.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:通过转动一不能轴向移动的手轮(8)使活塞(7)可轴向移动。
11.如权利要求1所述的装置,其特征在于:具有一由温度传感器控制的电机,用于使缸筒(2)中的活塞(7)轴向移动
CN95101312A 1994-02-25 1995-01-14 水汽混合装置 Expired - Fee Related CN1088828C (zh)

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DEP4406222.2 1994-02-25
DE4406222A DE4406222C2 (de) 1994-02-25 1994-02-25 Wasser-Wasserdampf-Mischvorrichtung

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EP (1) EP0669566B1 (zh)
CN (1) CN1088828C (zh)
AU (1) AU678080B2 (zh)
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DE (2) DE4406222C2 (zh)
ES (1) ES2127872T3 (zh)
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US6135135A (en) * 1997-12-12 2000-10-24 Alliedsignal Inc. Force balanced proportional bypass valve
DE10250693A1 (de) * 2002-10-31 2004-05-13 Heinz Karle Düse zur Erzeugung eines Flüssigkeit-Gas-Gemischs, insbesondere eines Aerosols
DE10258832B4 (de) * 2002-12-17 2009-03-26 Alfred Kärcher Gmbh & Co. Kg Ventil
CN100533322C (zh) * 2003-02-25 2009-08-26 黄鲁生 被动式调节流体混合比例的方法及其装置
US7310852B2 (en) * 2004-01-14 2007-12-25 Gt Investments (Bvi) Limited Valve assembly
US20070087297A1 (en) * 2005-10-17 2007-04-19 The Coleman Company, Inc. Liquid fuel backpacking stove
EP2360545A1 (de) * 2010-02-15 2011-08-24 Siemens Aktiengesellschaft Verfahren zur Regelung eines Ventils
EP2851335B1 (en) * 2012-05-15 2016-10-19 Shenzhen Xingrisheng Industrial Co., Ltd. Quantitative liquid discharge device capable of discharging liquid in container at preset liquid level
CN102954281B (zh) * 2012-11-20 2014-11-26 无锡市威海达机械制造有限公司 智能控制阀
EP2979015B1 (de) 2013-03-27 2018-11-28 Alfred Kärcher SE & Co. KG Ventilvorrichtung und dampfreinigungsgerät
CN104315881B (zh) * 2014-11-10 2016-04-13 成都樵枫科技发展有限公司 控温式加热装置
CN113236823B (zh) * 2021-05-24 2023-09-19 台州丰华铜业有限公司 一种新型龙头

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CA2139546A1 (en) 1995-08-26
CN1113000A (zh) 1995-12-06
US5632299A (en) 1997-05-27
DE59407741D1 (de) 1999-03-11
ES2127872T3 (es) 1999-05-01
DE4406222A1 (de) 1995-10-05
AU1002695A (en) 1995-09-07
CA2139546C (en) 2000-02-01
EP0669566B1 (de) 1999-01-27
EP0669566A1 (de) 1995-08-30
ZA95931B (en) 1995-10-09
AU678080B2 (en) 1997-05-15
DE4406222C2 (de) 1996-02-01

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