CN108865490B - Microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues, which comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of alkyl glucoside type surfactant, 5-25 parts of amino acid type surfactant, 0.1-10 parts of vegetable essential oil, 0-10 parts of cosolvent, 0-5 parts of rheological regulator, 0-2 parts of pH regulator and the balance of deionized water added to 100 parts. The invention overcomes the technical difficulty of the prior art by combining the surfactant, the auxiliary agent and the oil phase in proper proportion, so that the cleaning agent has a stable microemulsion type structure besides good capability of removing pesticide residues. The microemulsion is composed of green and biodegradable surfactants, and the oil phase adopts natural plant essential oil, so the microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent has the advantages of green, environmental protection, low stimulation and the like.

Description

Microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of daily-use chemical products, in particular to a microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues and a preparation method thereof.

Background

In recent years, agriculture in China is rapidly developed, the application range of pesticides is continuously expanded, the use amount of the pesticides is continuously increased, and the pesticide residues in fruits and vegetables are inevitably caused by the large-amount use of the pesticides in the production of the fruits and vegetables. The residual pesticide adsorbed on the fruits and vegetables can cause serious harm to human bodies, so that whether the fruits and vegetables which are eaten in daily life are safe or not is one of the most concerned problems of the majority of consumers. In order to ensure the safety and non-toxicity of edible fruits and vegetables, the cleaning of the fruits and vegetables is an essential step. Many cleaning agent products for washing melons, fruits and vegetables have more limitations, for example, the cleaning agent products have good decontamination effect, but poor pesticide removal effect. In addition, most of the synthetic surfactants contained in the current detergents are easy to remain on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables, so that secondary pollution is caused, and accumulated toxicity can be generated on human bodies after long-term intake. Therefore, the development of a special cleaning agent for fruits and vegetables, which is environment-friendly, pollution-free and has good pesticide residue removing effect, is urgently needed.

At present, the fruit and vegetable cleaning agent has more development achievements. For example: chinese patent (publication No. CN104745328B) discloses a preparation method of a fruit and vegetable cleaning agent compounded by a kadsura longepedunculata extract and a tea-oil camellia cake extract, which can safely and effectively remove worm eggs, microorganisms, dirt and pesticide residues on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables without changing the nutritional ingredients and the taste of the fruits and vegetables. Chinese patent (publication No. CN104130878B) discloses a fruit and vegetable cleaning agent with the effects of removing fruit wax and pesticide residue and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively remove fruit wax on the surface of fruits and can simultaneously remove pesticide residue. Chinese patent (publication No. CN104450288B) discloses a fruit and vegetable detergent based on concentrated brine and a preparation method thereof, which can effectively remove harmful substances such as residual pesticides and waxing on fruits and vegetables and have antibacterial and bactericidal capabilities.

However, the development results are all complex water aqua of the surfactant, the microstructure of the complex water aqua is surfactant composite micelle, and the micelle has weak solubilizing capability on the pesticide on the surfaces of fruits and vegetables in the washing process.

The microemulsion is a thermodynamic stable system which is composed of surfactants and has a particle size of about 100nm and an oil phase core, wherein the smaller particle size is favorable for penetrating through a wax layer on the surface of fruits and vegetables, and the larger oil phase core is favorable for solubilizing pesticide remained on the surface of the fruits and vegetables. However, the microemulsion must be formed under the condition of proper proportion of surfactant, auxiliary agent and oil phase, and has certain technical difficulty. Therefore, how to develop the micro-emulsion fruit and vegetable cleaning agent with pesticide residue removing capability is a technical problem to be solved by technical personnel in the field at present.

Disclosure of Invention

The purpose of the invention is as follows: the invention aims to make up for the defects of the prior research technology and provides a microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent which is mainly applied to washing vegetables and fruits and can effectively remove pesticide residues on the surfaces of the vegetables and the fruits.

The technical scheme is as follows: a microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of alkyl glucoside type surfactant, 5-25 parts of amino acid type surfactant, 0.1-10 parts of vegetable essential oil, 0-10 parts of cosolvent, 0-5 parts of rheological regulator, 0-2 parts of pH regulator and the balance of deionized water added to 100 parts.

Also comprises 0.01-2 parts of chelating agent.

The alkyl glucoside type surfactant has the alkyl chain length of C8, C10, C12, C14, C16 and C18, and is compounded by at least two alkyl glucoside type surfactants with different alkyl chain lengths

The amino acid type of the amino acid type surfactant is glycine, glutamic acid and sarcosine; the alkyl group of the amino acid type surfactant is any one of lauroyl, cocoyl, myristoyl, palmitoyl, stearoyl, and oleoyl.

The amino acid type surfactant is potassium amino acid, sodium salt type, undissociated amino acid type.

The plant essential oil is at least one of cinnamon essential oil, tea tree essential oil, thyme oil, lemon oil and eucalyptus essential oil.

The cosolvent is at least one of ethanol, propylene glycol, butanediol and glycerol.

The rheology regulator is at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and xanthan gum.

The cleaning agent is transparent or semitransparent, and the dosage form is microemulsion. The formulation structure of the cleaning agent is matched with the plant essential oil contained in the cleaning agent, so that the cleaning agent has good capability of removing pesticide residues.

The invention also discloses a preparation method of the fruit and vegetable cleaning agent, which comprises the following steps:

1) heating the alkyl glycoside surfactant and the amino acid surfactant to 50 ℃, uniformly mixing according to the proportion, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixed surfactant system;

2) mixing plant essential oil and cosolvent, adding into the mixed surfactant system obtained in the step 1), and uniformly stirring;

3) dissolving the rheology modifier, the chelating agent and the pH modifier in deionized water uniformly, adding the mixture obtained in the step 2), and stirring uniformly.

Has the advantages that: the invention overcomes the technical difficulty of the prior art by combining the surfactant, the auxiliary agent and the oil phase in proper proportion, so that the cleaning agent has a stable microemulsion type structure besides good capability of removing pesticide residues. The microemulsion is composed of green and biodegradable surfactants, and the oil phase adopts natural plant essential oil, so the microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent has the advantages of green, environmental protection, low stimulation and the like.

Detailed Description

In the invention, the pH regulator is citric acid. In the invention, the raw materials are all sold in the market.

Example 1:

the microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues has the following formula:

name of raw materials	Parts by mass
		Alkyl glycoside C12-14	15
Sodium lauroyl glutamate	5
		Lemon oil	1
Citric acid	0.4
		Deionized water	The balance (adding to 100 parts)

According to the preparation method, the alkyl glycoside C12-14 and the sodium lauroyl glutamate are uniformly mixed and cooled at 50 ℃, the lemon oil is put into the mixture and stirred for 5-10 minutes, meanwhile, the citric acid is uniformly dissolved in the deionized water, finally, the mixture of the two is stirred for 10-15 minutes, and the product is canned after standing until no foam exists basically.

Example 2:

the microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues has the following formula:

name of raw materials	Parts by mass
		Alkyl glycoside C12-14	15
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate	5
		Lemon oil	1
Citric acid	0.4
		Deionized water	The balance (adding to 100 parts)

Mixing alkyl glycoside C12-14 and sodium lauroyl sarcosine at 50 deg.C, cooling, adding lemon oil, stirring for 5-10 min, dissolving citric acid in deionized water, mixing, and stirring for 10-15 min. The product is canned after standing until there is substantially no foam.

Example 3:

the microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues has the following formula:

name of raw materials	Parts by mass
		Alkyl glycoside C8-14	15
Cocoyl sodium glutamate	5
		Lauroyl glycine potassium salt	1
Xanthan gum	0.2
		Lemon oil	1
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt	0.1
		Citric acid	0.4
Deionized water	The balance (adding to 100 parts))

Mixing alkyl glycoside C8-14, sodium cocoyl glutamate and potassium lauroyl glycinate at 50 deg.C, cooling, adding lemon oil, stirring for 5-10 min, dissolving xanthan gum, disodium edetate and citric acid in deionized water, mixing, and stirring for 10-15 min. The product is canned after standing until there is substantially no foam.

Example 4:

the microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues has the following formula:

name of raw materials	Parts by mass
		Alkyl glycoside C8-14	16
Sodium lauroyl sarcosinate	4
		Ethanol	5
Butanediol	2
		Lemon oil	1.5
Tea tree essential oil	1
		Hydroxyethyl cellulose	0.4
Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt	0.1
		Citric acid	0.5
Deionized water	The balance (adding to 100 parts)

Mixing alkyl glycoside C8-14 and sodium lauroyl sarcosine uniformly at 50 deg.C, cooling, adding ethanol, butanediol, lemon oil and tea tree essential oil, stirring for 10 min, dissolving hydroxyethyl cellulose, disodium edetate and citric acid in deionized water, mixing, and stirring for 10-15 min. The product is canned after standing until there is substantially no foam.

Example 5:

the microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues has the following formula:

name of raw materials	Parts by mass
		Alkyl glycoside C12-14	16
Oleoyl glutamic acid sodium salt	4
		Ethanol	5
Tea tree essential oil	0.5
		Eucalyptus essential oil	0.5
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose	0.6
		Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt	0.1
Citric acid	0.5
		Deionized water	The balance (adding to 100 parts)

Mixing alkyl glycoside C12-14 and sodium oleoyl glutamate at 50 deg.C, cooling, adding ethanol, tea tree essential oil and folium Eucalypti Globueli essential oil, stirring for 5-10 min, dissolving hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, disodium edetate and citric acid in deionized water, mixing, and stirring for 10-15 min. The product is canned after standing until there is substantially no foam.

Example 6:

the microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues has the following formula:

name of raw materials	Parts by mass
		Alkyl glycoside C12-14	30
Oleoyl glutamic acid sodium salt	25
		Ethanol	10
Tea tree essential oil	5
		Eucalyptus essential oil	5
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose	5
		Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt	2
Citric acid	0.5
		Deionized water	The balance (adding to 100 parts)

Mixing alkyl glycoside C12-14 and sodium oleoyl glutamate at 50 deg.C, cooling, adding ethanol, tea tree essential oil and folium Eucalypti Globueli essential oil, stirring for 5-10 min, dissolving hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, disodium edetate and citric acid in deionized water, mixing, and stirring for 10-15 min. The product is canned after standing until there is substantially no foam.

Example 7:

the microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues has the following formula:

name of raw materials	Parts by mass
		Alkyl glycoside C12-14	5
Oleoyl glutamic acid sodium salt	5
		Propylene glycol	10
Tea tree essential oil	5
		Baili essential oil	5
Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose	5
		Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid disodium salt	2
Citric acid	0.5
		Deionized water	The balance (adding to 100 parts)

Mixing alkyl glycoside C12-14 and sodium oleoyl glutamate at 50 deg.C, cooling, adding propylene glycol, tea tree essential oil and folium Eucalypti Globueli essential oil, stirring for 5-10 min, dissolving hydroxypropyl methylcellulose, disodium edetate and citric acid in deionized water, mixing, and stirring for 10-15 min. The product is canned after standing until there is substantially no foam.

The pesticide residue removing performance of the microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent is measured by adopting a verification method of the washing and removing effect of the residual pesticide in appendix A in GB/T24691 fruit and vegetable cleaning agent. The pesticide residue removal rates of four different pesticides on vegetable surfaces were tested in the simplest formulation examples, examples 1 and 2, and compared to the results of clear water and commercial conventional fruit and vegetable cleaners, and the test results are shown in the following table:

the micro-emulsion fruit and vegetable cleaning agent has the following pesticide residue removal performance test results:

from the above table, the contents shown in examples 1-2 show that the microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent with pesticide residue removing capability of the present invention shows good capability of removing pesticide residue, and is a fruit and vegetable cleaning agent product with wide market prospect.

Claims (8)

1. A microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues is characterized in that: the paint comprises the following components in parts by weight: 5-30 parts of alkyl glucoside type surfactant, 5-25 parts of amino acid type surfactant, 0.1-10 parts of vegetable essential oil, 0-10 parts of cosolvent, 0-5 parts of rheology regulator, 0-2 parts of pH regulator, and the balance of deionized water added to 100 parts, and also comprises 0.01-2 parts of chelating agent, wherein the alkyl chain length of the alkyl glucoside type surfactant is C8, C10, C12, C14, C16 and C18, and the alkyl glucoside type surfactant is prepared by compounding at least two alkyl glucoside type surfactants with different alkyl chain lengths.

2. The microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the amino acid type of the amino acid type surfactant is glycine, glutamic acid and sarcosine; the alkyl group of the amino acid type surfactant is lauroyl, cocoyl, myristoyl, palmitoyl, stearoyl, oleoyl.

3. The microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the amino acid type surfactant is potassium amino acid, sodium salt type, undissociated amino acid type.

4. The microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the plant essential oil is at least one of cinnamon essential oil, tea tree essential oil, thyme oil, lemon oil and eucalyptus essential oil.

5. The microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cosolvent is at least one of ethanol, propylene glycol, butanediol and glycerol.

6. The microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the rheology regulator is at least one of carboxymethyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl cellulose, hydroxypropyl methyl cellulose and xanthan gum.

7. The microemulsion type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues as claimed in claim 1, wherein: the cleaning agent is transparent or semitransparent, and the dosage form is microemulsion.

8. The method for preparing the microemulsion-type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent for removing pesticide residues as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the microemulsion-type fruit and vegetable cleaning agent comprises: the method comprises the following steps:

1) heating the alkyl glycoside surfactant and the amino acid surfactant to 50 ℃, uniformly mixing according to the proportion, and cooling to room temperature to obtain a mixed surfactant system;

2) mixing plant essential oil and cosolvent, adding into the mixed surfactant system obtained in the step 1), and uniformly stirring;

3) dissolving the rheology modifier, the chelating agent and the pH modifier in deionized water uniformly, adding the mixture obtained in the step 2), stirring uniformly, standing the product until no foam exists basically, and canning.