CN108841374B - 一种基于金属有机框架合成超稳定高荧光铜纳米簇的方法 - Google Patents
一种基于金属有机框架合成超稳定高荧光铜纳米簇的方法 Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 43
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- 108010024636 Glutathione Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 11
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Abstract
本发明属于荧光纳米材料的制备技术领域,提供了一种基于金属有机框架合成超稳定高荧光铜纳米簇的方法,步骤如下:室温下,将六水合硝酸锌和对苯二甲酸溶于N,N二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中,控制六水合硝酸锌和对苯二甲酸的质量比为3~5:1;室温下,将谷胱甘肽溶液和三水合硝酸铜溶液加入到上述混合溶液中,搅拌均匀,调节混合液pH为2~12,在室温下反应15~30h;控制谷胱甘肽和三水合硝酸铜的摩尔比为1~6:1。本发明通过将金属有机框架和铜纳米簇同时生长,使得多孔的金属有机框架材料可以保护荧光铜纳米簇不被氧化,进而极大地提高了铜纳米簇的稳定性。另一方面,金属有机框架产生的聚集诱导效应提高了铜纳米簇的量子产率。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种基于金属有机框架合成超稳定高荧光铜纳米簇的合成方法,属于荧光纳米材料的制备技术领域。
背景技术
金属纳米簇,一般由几个到几十个金属原子组成,尺寸小于电子的费米波长,作为一种新兴的纳米材料已被广泛关注。由于电子的尺寸效应,金属纳米簇具有优良的物理/化学和光学性质。与较大的金属纳米粒子相比,光致荧光是其在紫外可见区域的一个重要性质。除了贵金属金、银外,廉价、无毒、含量丰富的铜纳米簇也已被广泛研究。然而,由于铜较活泼易被氧化且在合成过程中难控制均一的粒径,因此,弱的稳定性和低的量子产率是目前合成荧光铜纳米簇的主要挑战。
金属有机框架,一类由金属离子和有机配体构成的多孔材料。根据材料的生长顺序,“瓶中造船”、“三明治结构”、“原位生长”等合成策略已成功将染料、聚合物及纳米材料等组装进金属有机框架中。但是,关于将荧光铜纳米簇与金属有机框架组装的报答很少。目前,尚未有用“原位生长”即一步法实现基于金属有机框架的超稳定高荧光铜纳米簇的报道。
将合成铜纳米簇和金属有机框架的原料在室温条件下混合,反应结束后生成的荧光铜纳米簇的稳定性和荧光强度均得到较大提高。该方法操作简单、绿色环保。
发明内容
本发明通过一步法合成了基于金属有机框架的超稳定高荧光的铜纳米簇,克服了铜纳米簇稳定性差、荧光强度低、合成步骤复杂等缺点。
本发明的技术方案:
一种基于金属有机框架合成超稳定高荧光铜纳米簇的方法,步骤如下:
(1)室温下,将六水合硝酸锌和对苯二甲酸溶于N,N二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中,控制六水合硝酸锌和对苯二甲酸的质量比为3~5:1;
(2)室温下,将谷胱甘肽溶液和三水合硝酸铜溶液加入到步骤(1)所得的混合溶液中,搅拌均匀,调节混合液pH为2~12,在室温下反应15~30h;控制谷胱甘肽和三水合硝酸铜的摩尔比为1~6:1;
所述的六水合硝酸锌和对苯二甲酸的质量比优选为4.6:1。
所述的混合液pH优选为5。
所述的反应时间优选为24h。
所述的谷胱甘肽和三水合硝酸铜的摩尔比优选为5:1。
本发明的有益效果:本发明通过将金属有机框架和铜纳米簇同时生长,使得多孔的金属有机框架材料可以保护荧光铜纳米簇不被氧化,进而极大地提高了铜纳米簇的稳定性。另一方面,金属有机框架产生的聚集诱导效应提高了铜纳米簇的量子产率。
附图说明
图1为合成的金属有机框架/铜纳米簇复合物荧光激发及发射谱图。
图2为金属有机框架/铜纳米簇复合物的紫外吸收光谱。
图3为实施例1不同反应pH值。
图4为金属有机框架的扫描电子显微镜图。
图5为金属有机框架的X射线衍射光谱图。
图6为金属有机框架/铜纳米簇复合物的扫描电子显微镜图。
图7为金属有机框架/铜纳米簇复合物的X射线衍射光谱图。
图8为金属有机框架/铜纳米簇复合物的X射线光电子能谱图。
图9为金属有机框架/铜纳米簇复合物的透射电镜图。
图10为金属有机框架/铜纳米簇复合物在不同存储时间的稳定性。
具体实施方式
以下结合附图和技术方案,进一步说明本发明的具体实施方式。
实施例1~4
一种基于金属有机框架合成超稳定高荧光铜纳米簇的方法,所述方法包括如下步骤:
(1)室温下,将六水合硝酸锌(0.831g)和对苯二甲酸溶于20mL的N,N二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中,六水合硝酸锌和对苯二甲酸的质量比为4.5:1。
(2)室温下,将谷胱甘肽溶液(5mL,50mM)和三水合硝酸铜溶液加入到步骤(1)所得的混合溶液中,谷胱甘肽和三水合硝酸铜的摩尔比为5:1。将混合溶液搅拌均匀,调节混合液pH为5,在室温下反应24h。所述实施例1~4的不同pH值见表1。
紫外吸收光谱(图2)在500~600nm处没有明显的吸收峰,表明荧光铜纳米簇而非铜纳米粒子成功在金属有机框架中合成。扫描电子显微镜图(图4)显示单独的金属有机框架具有六面体的形状,在加入铜纳米簇之后,扫描电子显微镜图发生了明显的变化。金属有机框架和铜纳米簇复合物的扫描电子显微镜图表明该复合物具有片状结(图6)。同时,X射线衍射谱图(图5和图7),进一步说明铜纳米簇的引入对金属有机框架的结构具有剧烈影响。此外,X射线光电子能谱图(图8)在942eV没有出现二价铜离子的峰,表明二价铜离子已经完全被还原,图中在932.2eV(Cu 2P3/2)和952.2eV(Cu 2P1/2)出现的峰,表明铜纳米簇中含有零价的铜,证明了铜纳米簇在金属有机框架中的成功合成。
表1实施例1~4不同反应pH值
Claims (5)
1.一种基于金属有机框架合成超稳定高荧光铜纳米簇的方法,其特征在于,步骤如下:
(1)室温下,将六水合硝酸锌和对苯二甲酸溶于N,N二甲基甲酰胺溶剂中,控制六水合硝酸锌和对苯二甲酸的质量比为4.5:1;
(2)室温下,将谷胱甘肽溶液和三水合硝酸铜溶液加入到步骤(1)所得的混合溶液中,搅拌均匀,调节混合液pH为2~12,在室温下反应15~30h;控制谷胱甘肽和三水合硝酸铜的摩尔比为1~6:1。
2.根据权利要求1所述的基于金属有机框架合成超稳定高荧光铜纳米簇的方法,其特征在于,所述的混合液pH为5。
3.根据权利要求1或2所述的基于金属有机框架合成超稳定高荧光铜纳米簇的方法,其特征在于,所述的反应时间为24h。
4.根据权利要求1或2所述的基于金属有机框架合成超稳定高荧光铜纳米簇的方法,其特征在于,所述的谷胱甘肽和三水合硝酸铜的摩尔比为5:1。
5.根据权利要求3所述的基于金属有机框架合成超稳定高荧光铜纳米簇的方法,其特征在于,所述的谷胱甘肽和三水合硝酸铜的摩尔比为5:1。
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