CN108839891B

CN108839891B - Device and method for storing tea plant germplasm resources for field collection

Info

Publication number: CN108839891B
Application number: CN201810863103.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 刘少群; 刘任坚; 孙彬妹; 代风玲; 肖熙
Original assignee: South China Agricultural University
Current assignee: Cross Strait Agricultural Technology Co ltd
Priority date: 2018-08-01
Filing date: 2018-08-01
Publication date: 2020-04-07
Anticipated expiration: 2038-08-01
Also published as: CN108839891A

Abstract

Discloses a tea plant germplasm resource preservation device for field collection, which comprises: the box body, first deposit the part, the part is deposited to the second, and the part is deposited to the third, the three part of depositing is deposited the part with first deposit the part and is arranged in the superiors, the intermediate level is arranged in to the second and the third is deposited the mode setting of part in the lower floor in the box body, be provided with three pairs of slide rails on the inner wall of box body, first deposit the part, the second is deposited the part and the third is deposited the part and can be pulled out and push from the box body through three pairs of slide rails, deposit part, second and deposit the part and push when first deposit the part and the third and deposit the part and push into sealed for external environment in the box body, the bottom of first deposit the part is provided with first bleeder vent, and the bottom that the part was deposited to the second is provided with the second bleeder vent, and the part is deposited. Also discloses a method for preserving tea plant germplasm resources for field collection by using the preservation device.

Description

Device and method for storing tea plant germplasm resources for field collection

Technical Field

The invention relates to the technical field of germplasm resource preservation, in particular to a device and a method for preserving tea tree germplasm resources for field collection.

Background

The background of the related art of the present invention will be described below, but the description does not necessarily constitute the prior art of the present invention.

The tea area in China is vast, and the tea area spans warm zones, subtropical zones and marginal tropical zones. In the wide area, a variety of tea plant germplasm resources are distributed, and a rich material foundation is provided for the research and utilization of germplasm resources in China and various countries in the world. Tea plant germplasm resources generally comprise seeds, branches and leaves, tree roots and the like. The preservation of the germplasm resources of the tea trees continues to use a field planting method so far, and the preservation of the germplasm resources by the method is not only complicated and tedious, occupies a large area, but also causes much inconvenience for breeding work. Especially for researchers who collect and store germplasm resources in the field, the seeds, branches and leaves and roots which are taken off are usually packaged by vacuum plastic bags, or put in paper boxes for placement, or directly exposed and brought back when the germplasm resources are collected in the field, such as mountains. Although vacuum plastic bags are somewhat better than other means of preservation. However, these preservation methods are often oxidized or inactivated or even not applicable in the case that the germplasm resources are not brought back to the laboratory. Therefore, how to better preserve the tea germplasm resources collected in the field and carry the tea germplasm resources to a research room and how to improve the preservation period of the tea germplasm resources collected in the field are important problems to be solved at present.

Therefore, there is an urgent need in the art for a device and a method for storing tea plant germplasm resources collected in the field, which can solve the above problems.

Disclosure of Invention

The present application addresses just the foregoing problems. The inventor of the application obtains a device and a method for storing tea plant germplasm resources for field collection after long-term research and experiments.

According to one aspect of the invention, the preservation device for the tea plant germplasm resource collected in the field comprises: the box body, the first part of depositing is used for depositing the seed of collection, the part is deposited to the second is used for depositing the branch blade and the root of collection and the third is deposited the part, the first part of depositing, the second is deposited the part and the third is deposited the part with the first part of depositing is arranged in the superiors, the second is deposited the part and is arranged in the intermediate level and the third is deposited the part and is arranged in the mode of lower floor in the box body, be provided with three pairs of slide rails on the inner wall of box body, the first part of depositing, the second is deposited the part and the third is deposited the part and can be followed in the box body and pulled out and pushed in through the three pairs of slide rails, work as the first part of depositing, the second is deposited the part and the third is deposited the part and is pushed in the box body time and is sealed, the bottom of the first storage component is provided with a first air hole, the bottom of the second storage component is provided with a second air hole, and the third storage component is used for providing humidity for the first storage component and the second storage component.

Preferably, the diameters of the first vent and the second vent are both less than 1 cm.

Preferably, the third storage part is used for storing the sponge with the humidity of 75% -85%.

Preferably, the box body is made of high-temperature-resistant plastic material.

Preferably, the case has an openable upper cover.

Preferably, the first storage part, the second storage part, and the third storage part are all made of the same material as the case.

According to another aspect of the invention, there is provided a method for preserving tea plant germplasm resources for field collection by using the preserving device, which comprises the following steps: (1) collecting and storing seeds: directly and manually collecting, and then cleaning the collected seeds with attached impurities; then seeds collected from the same tea tree or the same variety are placed in the same mesh bag, marked by a label and then placed in the first storage part; (2) collecting and storing branch leaves: cutting branches with the length of 10-15 cm needing to be collected by using pruning shears, and cutting off thick and old leaves without cutting value on the branches; cutting off 1/2 big leaves on the branches; the small and medium leaves on the branches are cut to be not more than 1/3, and the axillary buds are kept intact and moderate; wrapping the length of 5-8 cm at the bottom of a branch by using a breathable and moisture-preserving preservative film, marking by using a label, binding the leaves of the branch according to the variety classification, and putting the same variety into the second storage part after binding the same variety together; (3) collecting and storing tree roots: cutting a section of the main root or the lateral root with the length of 5cm-8cm by using pruning shears, wiping the surface of the section of the main root or the lateral root by using a wet tissue to remove impurities such as soil, binding the same tree root together, marking the same tree root by using a label, wrapping the bound tree root by using a breathable and moisture-preserving preservative film, exposing 0.5cm-1cm from each end of the bound tree root, and putting the section of the tree root into the second storage part; (4) disposing a sponge having a total volume of two thirds of the internal volume of the third storage member and a humidity of 75% -85% within the third storage member; (5) and pushing the first storage part, the second storage part and the third storage part into the box body, and covering the upper cover of the box body, thereby forming an environment sealed relative to the outside for storage.

According to the storing device and the storing method for the tea plant germplasm resources collected in the field, the storage period of the collected germplasm resources can be prolonged, the germination rate of the collected and stored seeds, the rooting rate of branch and leaf cuttage and the freshness of tree roots can be greatly improved, the collecting efficiency is improved, and the tea plant germplasm resources in the field can be widely applied.

Drawings

The features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily appreciated from the detailed description section provided below with reference to the drawings, in which:

fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a tea plant germplasm resource preservation device for field collection according to one embodiment of the invention.

Reference numerals:

1. box body

2. A first storage member; a first vent hole 21; first storage member push-pull portion 22

3. A second storage member; a second vent hole 31; second storage member push-pull portion 32

4. A third storage member; third storage member push-pull portion 41

Detailed Description

Exemplary embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The description of the exemplary embodiments is for purposes of illustration only and is not intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses.

Fig. 1 is a schematic perspective view of a tea plant germplasm resource preservation device for field collection according to one embodiment of the invention. Generally, tea trees of single-plex teas such as species of narcissus, hydrangea, hairy crab, etc. are grown in the field. In addition, people can plant tea trees of golden day lily, Yinghong Jiu, Huangdan, Xuanyun Hexi and the like in the field. Reference herein to wild harvested tea plant germplasm resources is to germplasm resources harvested from such tea plants grown or planted in the wild. As previously mentioned, tea germplasm resources typically include: seeds, branches, leaves, roots and the like. Tea plant germplasm resources collected in the field generally comprise collected seeds, branches and leaves and tree roots. As shown in figure 1, the preservation device for tea plant germplasm resources collected in the field comprises a box body 1, for example, a square structure shown in figure 1. A first storage means 2 is provided in the box 1, for storing seeds, for example; a second storage means 3 for storing, for example, branch leaves and roots; and a third storage means 4 for storing, for example, a substrate capable of providing humidity. The three storage parts are arranged from top to bottom within the case 1. That is, the first storage section 2 is located at the uppermost layer, the third storage section 4 is located at the lowermost layer, and the second storage section 3 is located at the intermediate layer. As an example, each storage part is provided as a drawer type that can be pulled out. In other words, three pairs of slide rails (not shown) are provided on the inner wall of the case 1, and each storage unit is installed in the case 1 through one pair of slide rails and can be pulled and pushed in. Thus each storage member preferably has a push-pull portion, i.e., the first storage member push-pull portion 22, the second storage member push-pull portion 32, and the third storage member push-pull portion 41, to facilitate pulling and pushing in. When the first, second and third storage parts are pushed into the case 1, they form an integral whole with the case 1. Further, as shown in the drawings, the upper cover of the case 1 can be opened for more convenient use. Preferably, when formed as a complete unit, the three components inside the case 1 also form a sealed space with respect to the external environment to ensure that the humidity inside does not escape, thereby facilitating better preservation of the contents of the first, second and third storage components.

The third storage part 4 functions to provide humidity to the first storage part and the second storage part. Thus, the third storage part 4 may store a substrate, for example, a sponge having a certain humidity, to provide a certain humidity to the first storage part 2 and the second storage part 3 located above. The sponge herein refers to polyvinyl alcohol, which has high water absorption and moisture retention properties and no significant air holes. Preferably, a sponge with a humidity range of 75% -85% is arranged in the space of the third storage section 4, the total amount of sponge occupying about two thirds of the space of the third storage section 4, in order to ensure that the required humidity is provided in the first storage section 2 and in the second storage section 3 upwards. Further, as yet another example, a humidifying device, for example, a humidifier, may also be provided in the third storage part 4 to supply a desired humidity to the first storage part 2 and the second storage part 3. Thus, it should be understood that the third storage part 4 functions to provide humidity into the first storage part and the second storage part, not only to store a substrate having humidity.

For this, the bottom of the second storage part 3 located above the third storage part 4 is provided with the second airing hole 31, and similarly, the bottom of the first storage part 2 is also provided with the first airing hole 21 to ensure that the humidity supplied from the third storage part 4 can be introduced into the first storage part 2 and the second storage part 3. As described above, the first storage part 2 is used to store seeds of tea trees collected in the field, and the second storage part 3 is used to store branches, leaves and roots of tea trees collected in the field. Since the leaf branches and the roots are sensitive to the humidity of the air, if the humidity is too low, the leaf branches and the roots are easily dehydrated, and thus in order to ensure the humidity of the leaf branches and the roots, the leaf branches and the roots need to be stored at a position closest to the third storage part 4 for providing the humidity, and the second storage part 3 is used for storing the collected leaf branches and the roots. Moisture supplied from the third storage member 4 is introduced into the second storage member 3 through the second airing hole 31 while moisture is also introduced into the first storage member 2 through the first airing hole 21. Thus, it will be appreciated that the humidity in the second storage means 3 is slightly greater than the humidity in the first storage means 2 to ensure that the harvested seeds, leaf shoots and roots retain the required moisture. Preferably, the diameter size of each of the first and

second vents

21 and 31 is not greater than 1cm, more preferably 0.1cm to 0.3 cm. Practice proves that the humidity providing speed of the air holes with the diameter larger than 1cm is too high, so that the preservation time of seeds, leaves, branches and roots is short, the humidity is insufficient quickly, and the water loss is caused. Thus, the airing holes having a diameter of not more than 1cm can provide a slow release of moisture to secure a humidity required for a long-term storage.

The box body 1 can be made of a high temperature resistant plastic material, such as polyphenylene sulfide, for example, so as to be able to withstand light and high temperature, and further ensure the humidity of the collected seeds, leaves and roots stored in the first storage part 2 and the second storage part 3. The tea plant germplasm resources collected in the field are mostly collected on mountains, and the direct sunlight intensity is high, and the temperature is high, so that the plastic material such as polyphenylene sulfide can resist illumination and high temperature. Preferably, the first storage part 2, the second storage part 3 and the third storage part 4 are made of the same material as the box body 1, and also have the function of better ensuring the humidity of the stored seeds, branches and leaves and roots.

The application of the device for preserving tea plant germplasm resources collected in the field, namely the preservation method, is described below, wherein one or more of Dancong tea, golden day lily, Yinghong Jiu, Huangdan, Floating cloud VI and the like are taken as an example for collection.

The first step is as follows: collecting and storing seeds: collecting seeds directly by hand, cleaning the collected seeds with attached impurities, for example, slightly wiping the seeds with clean wet paper towels to clean some impurities attached to the surfaces of the seeds, such as mud, tiny worm eggs and the like; then seeds collected from the same tea tree or the same variety are placed in the same plastic mesh bag. For example, the material of the plastic mesh bag is polypropylene or polyethylene, the mesh diameter of the mesh bag is usually 5mm, and the shape of the mesh bag may be rectangular, for example, 5cm long and 3cm wide. And marked with a label, is placed in the first storage part 2.

The second step is that: collecting and storing branch leaves: cutting branches with the length of 10-15 cm needing to be collected by using pruning shears, and cutting off thick and old leaves without cutting value on the branches; cutting off 1/2 big leaves on the branches; the small and medium leaves on the branches are cut to be not more than 1/3, and the axillary buds are kept intact and moderate; the length of 5cm-8cm of the bottom of a branch is wrapped by using a breathable and moisture-preserving preservative film, after the length is marked by using a label, the leaves of the branch are bound according to the classification of varieties, the leaves of the same variety are bound together, for example, a string is used for separation, and the bound leaves are placed into the second storage part 3.

The third step: collecting and storing tree roots: a5 cm-8cm long section of the main root or the lateral root is cut by pruning shears, the surface of the cut section is wiped by a wet tissue to remove impurities such as soil, then the same tree root is bound together, for example, by using a string and marking the cut section by using a label, the bound tree root is wrapped by a breathable and moisture-preserving preservative film, the two ends of the wrapped tree root are exposed by 0.5cm-1cm respectively, and the wrapped tree root is also placed into the second storage part 3.

The fourth step: in the third storage part 4, a sponge having a total volume of two thirds of the inner volume of the storage part 4 and a humidity of 75% -85% is arranged.

The fifth step: the first storage member 2, the second storage member 3, and the third storage member 4 are all pushed into the case 1, and the upper cover of the case 1 is closed, thereby forming an environment sealed from the outside and storing the same.

The preservation device can then be brought back to the laboratory or research facility along with the harvested seeds, shoot leaves and roots.

It should be noted here that, in order to save efficiency, seeds, branches, leaves and roots are generally collected when tea plant germplasm resources are collected in the field. However, in addition to this, it is also possible to harvest only one of them, for example only seeds and/or technical leaves and/or tree roots.

Due to the fact that the third storage part 4 is provided with materials or devices capable of providing humidity, such as sponge with humidity ranging from 75% to 85%, and due to the fact that the bottoms of the first storage part 2 and the second storage part 3 are provided with the air holes, the sponge in the third storage part 4 can provide humidity needed by the seeds in the first storage part 2 and the branch leaves, the tree roots and the like in the second storage part 3, and therefore the collected seeds, branch leaves and tree roots can be guaranteed to be fresh.

Because the material of the box body 1 can resist light and high temperature, the good low-temperature effect can be still kept after the collected seeds, branches and leaves and tree roots are placed in each storage part, and the time for bringing the seeds back to a laboratory or a research room is prolonged. The preservation period of the collected tea plant germplasm resources is prolonged.

Compared with the method in the prior art, the preservation device for collecting the wild tea tree germplasm resources and the preservation method greatly prolong the preservation period by adopting the method, such as the method of placing the wild tea tree germplasm resources in a vacuum plastic bag, a common paper box or directly exposing the wild tea tree germplasm resources without any package in the air for returning. The specific experimental data are shown in the following table one:

table one: storage period comparison table

	Seed preservation period	Preservation period of branch leaves	Tree root preservation period
				Prior art (taking the use of vacuum plastic bags as an example)	3 days	3 hours	1 day
Storage apparatus and storage method using the present invention	For more than 7 days	Over 48 hours	Over 5 days

The data in the above table one are obtained by repeating the experiment for many times. The germplasm resources to be compared are all collected from the same forest, the same variety and the same plant are selected, and certain reference value is achieved. Because the prior art is more common and has better effect by adopting the vacuum plastic bag for packaging, the device and the method of the invention are compared with the prior art which adopts the vacuum plastic bag in the experiment.

In addition, compared with the existing method that the tea plant germplasm resources are placed in a vacuum plastic bag or a common paper box or directly without any package and brought back in the air, the preservation device for the field collection tea plant germplasm resources and the preservation method greatly improve the germination rate of seeds, the cuttage rooting rate of branch leaves and the freshness of tree roots. The specific experimental data are shown in the following table two:

table two: application comparison table after germplasm resource collection

The data in the second table above are obtained by repeating the experiment for a plurality of times. The germplasm resources to be compared are all collected from the same forest, the same variety and the same plant are selected, and certain reference value is achieved. Because the prior art is more common and has better effect by adopting the vacuum plastic bag for packaging, the device and the method of the invention are compared with the prior art which adopts the vacuum plastic bag in the experiment.

Here, the freshness of the root is also referred to as a degree of maintaining physicochemical properties, and is generally determined based on the water content of the root. Generally, a higher water content indicates that the root is fresher and retains physicochemical properties to a higher degree. Conversely, a lower water content indicates that the roots are not fresh enough to be preserved, and the lower the degree of preservation of the physicochemical properties. As is well known, water loss is a main factor causing the inactivation of germplasm resources in the preservation process of the germplasm resources.

Therefore, the preservation device and the preservation method for the tea plant germplasm resources collected in the field can prolong the preservation period of the collected germplasm resources, and can greatly improve the germination rate, the rooting rate of branch and leaf cuttage and the freshness of tree roots of the collected and preserved seeds, so that the collected germplasm resources can be better applied, and the collection efficiency is greatly improved, thereby the tea plant germplasm resources in the field can be more widely applied.

While the present invention has been described with reference to exemplary embodiments, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described and illustrated in detail herein, and that various changes may be made therein by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims. Such variations are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a save set that is used for tea tree germplasm resources of field collection which characterized in that includes: the box body (1), the first part (2) of depositing is used for depositing the seed of collection, the second deposits part (3) and is used for depositing the branch blade and the root of collection and the third deposits part (4), the first part (2) of depositing, the second deposits part (3) and the third deposits part (4) with the uppermost layer is arranged in to first deposit part (2), the intermediate level is arranged in to second deposit part (3) and the third deposits part (4) and arranges the mode setting of the lowermost layer in box body (1), be provided with three pairs of slide rails on the inner wall of box body (1), first deposit part (2), second deposit part (3) and third deposit part (4) through three pairs of slide rails can follow pull out in box body (1) and push in, work as first deposit part (2), second deposit part (3) and third deposit part (4) and push sealed for external environment in box body (1), the bottom of first deposit part (2) is provided with diameter and is less than 1 cm's first bleeder vent (21), the bottom of second deposit part (3) is provided with diameter and is less than 1 cm's second bleeder vent (31), deposit the sponge that humidity is 75% -85% in the third deposit part (4), be used for to first deposit part (2) with second deposit part (3) and provide humidity.

2. The preservation device according to claim 1, characterized in that the box (1) is made of a heat-resistant plastic material.

3. The preservation apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that the box (1) has an openable upper lid.

4. A preservation device according to claim 3, characterized in that said first storage means (2), said second storage means (3) and said third storage means (4) are all made of the same material as said box (1).

5. A method of conserving tea plant germplasm resources for field harvesting using the conservation device of any one of the preceding claims 1-4, comprising:

(1) collecting and storing seeds: directly and manually collecting, and then cleaning the collected seeds with attached impurities; then seeds collected from the same tea tree or the same variety are placed in the same mesh bag, marked by a label and then placed in the first storage part (2);

(2) collecting and storing branch leaves: cutting branches with the length of 10-15 cm needing to be collected by using pruning shears, and cutting off thick and old leaves without cutting value on the branches; cutting off 1/2 big leaves on the branches; the small and medium leaves on the branches are cut to be not more than 1/3, and the axillary buds are kept intact and moderate; wrapping the length of 5-8 cm at the bottom of a branch by using a breathable and moisture-preserving preservative film, marking by using a label, binding the leaves of the branch according to the variety classification, and putting the same variety into the second storage part (3) after binding the same variety together;

(3) collecting and storing tree roots: a section of the main root or the lateral root with the length of 5cm-8cm is cut by pruning shears, the surface of the section is wiped by wet paper towels, then the same tree root is bound together and marked by a label, then the bound tree root is wrapped by a breathable and moisture-preserving preservative film, the two ends of the tree root are exposed by 0.5cm-1cm respectively, and then the tree root is placed into the second storage part (3);

(4) arranging in said third storage member (4) a sponge having a total volume of two thirds of the internal volume of said third storage member (4) and a humidity of 75-85%;

(5) the first storage part (2), the second storage part (3) and the third storage part (4) are all pushed into the box body (1), and an upper cover of the box body (1) is covered, so that an environment sealed from the outside is formed for storage.