CN108822781B - 一种高分子粘结材料 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开一种高分子粘结材料。本发明材料包括环氧树脂、增韧剂、填料、偶联剂、吸水剂、聚硫醇、聚酰胺、填料、颜料。本发明采用高分子吸水剂加入到环氧粘胶中，当这种环氧胶粘结的树脂板与钢工件板需要在常温水中浸泡时，由于高分子吸水剂能吸收大量水分使环氧粘胶失效，因而树脂板与钢工件板在常温水中能容易分开。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于高分子复合材料技术领域，涉及高分子粘结材料，具体是一种高分子粘结材料。
背景技术
太阳能光伏发电一般指能利用半导体直接将光能转换为电能的一种能源形式。光伏能源具有无污染、无噪声、维护成本低、使用寿命长等优点，近年来得到了飞速发展。以硅片构建的晶硅类太阳能电池是光伏发电最普遍的一种形式，在硅片切割生产过程中必须使用硅棒胶粘结固定硅棒与树脂板，同时使用水煮胶粘结树脂板与钢工件板。这种水煮胶粘结的树脂板与钢工件板在热水中能脱胶，使钢工件板能够反复使用。由于环氧树脂粘胶具有粘接强度高、通用性强和价格相对低廉等特点，并且电绝缘性优良、化学性能稳定及加工性能良好等一系列优异性能，因此硅片切割水煮胶目前主要采用双组份环氧树脂粘胶。常州大学陶宇等公开了一种硅棒切割用环氧环氧胶及制备方法发明专利(申请号：201210258425.3)，在环氧树脂胶中采用了碳酸氢铵、碳酸氢钠、连二亚硫酸钠或磷酸氢钙等粉末无机盐作为脱胶剂，在水中50～60℃下分解反应产生气体，从而使这种环氧胶粘结的树脂板与钢工件板在热水中能脱胶。但这些无机盐在热水中分解产生的气量小，因此脱胶时间很长。上海都伟光伏科技有限公司许期斌等发明了一种双组份环氧胶粘剂及制备方法(申请号：201310016067.X),在环氧树脂胶中采用了碳酸氢铵、碳酸铵、偶氮二异丁腈、偶氮二甲酸二乙酯、或对甲苯磺酰肼为发泡剂以及氧化锌、尿素等为发泡助剂，在热水中分解反应产生气体，从而使这种环氧胶粘结的树脂板与钢工件板在热水中能脱胶。但这些发泡剂只有在温度高于90℃以上才能较快地产生气体，因此这种环氧胶粘结的树脂板与钢工件板需要在高温热水中才能脱胶。此外，环氧胶粘剂通常使用聚硫橡胶作为增韧剂，但聚硫橡胶有难闻的臭气味。
发明内容
本发明目的在于针对现有技术的不足，提供一种高分子粘结材料，本发明克服了现有水煮胶的不足。同时使用合成植物酯氯代甲氧基脂肪酸甲酯作为增韧剂，不仅具有增韧专用，环保无气味，同时由于含有氯对金属材料的粘接有促进作用。
本发明方法的具体技术方案是：一种高分子粘结材料，包括A、B组分，各自所含原料和配比如下：
所述的环氧树脂为双酚A环氧树脂或双酚F环氧树脂的一种或二种混合；
所述的增韧剂为氯代甲氧基脂肪酸甲酯；
所述的填料为碳酸钙、二氧化硅、氧化铝和滑石粉中的一种或多种；
所述的偶联剂为γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷；
所述的吸水剂为聚丙烯酸钠；
所述的颜料为酞菁蓝或酞菁绿。
使用时，将A、B组分进行混合均匀，混合比例为质量比为1：1。
本发明还提供上述材料的制备方法，该方法具体如下:
(1)A组分的制备:将环氧树脂、增韧剂、填料、偶联剂、吸水剂等原料按配比加入搅拌机中,在真空条件下高速分散机混合均匀,之后分装。
(2)B组分制备:将聚硫醇、聚酰胺、填料、颜料等原料按配比加入搅拌机中,在真空条件下高速分散机混合均匀,之后分装。
本发明采用高分子吸水剂加入到环氧粘胶中，当这种环氧胶粘结的树脂板与钢工件板需要在常温水中浸泡时，由于高分子吸水剂能吸收大量水分使环氧粘胶失效，因而树脂板与钢工件板在常温水中能容易分开。
本发明的有益效果是：
本发明材料环保，对工作人员的伤害极大的降低；相比于现有技术，能实现在常温水下快速使环氧粘胶失效。
具体实施方式
下面结合具体实施例对本发明做进一步的分析。
实施例1：
(1)A组分的制备:将双酚A环氧树脂80公斤、氯代甲氧基脂肪酸甲酯10公斤、碳酸钙12公斤、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.8公斤、聚丙烯酸钠10公斤等原料加入搅拌机中,在真空条件下高速分散机混合均匀,之后分装。
(2)B组分制备:将聚硫醇50公斤、聚酰胺30公斤、碳酸钙20公斤、酞菁蓝2公斤等原料加入搅拌机中,在真空条件下高速分散机混合均匀,之后分装。
使用的时候需要将A、B组分进行混合均匀，混合比例为质量比为1：1，用于粘结树脂板与钢工件板。
实施例2：
(1)A组分的制备:将双酚F环氧树脂100公斤、氯代甲氧基脂肪酸甲酯25公斤、二氧化硅10公斤、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷1公斤、聚丙烯酸钠30公斤等原料加入搅拌机中,在真空条件下高速分散机混合均匀,之后分装。
(2)B组分制备:将聚硫醇80公斤、聚酰胺40公斤、二氧化硅10公斤、酞菁绿4公斤等原料加入搅拌机中,在真空条件下高速分散机混合均匀,之后分装。
使用的时候需要将A、B组分进行混合均匀，混合比例为质量比为1：1，用于粘结树脂板与钢工件板。
实施例3：
(1)A组分的制备:将45公斤双酚A环氧树脂、45公斤双酚F环氧树脂、30公斤氯代甲氧基脂肪酸甲酯、氧化铝40公斤、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.5公斤、聚丙烯酸钠10公斤等原料加入搅拌机中,在真空条件下高速分散机混合均匀,之后分装。
(2)B组分制备:将聚硫醇60公斤、聚酰胺30公斤、氧化铝40公斤、酞菁蓝1公斤等原料加入搅拌机中,在真空条件下高速分散机混合均匀,之后分装。
使用的时候需要将A、B组分进行混合均匀，混合比例为质量比为1：1，用于粘结树脂板与钢工件板。
实施例4：
(1)A组分的制备:将双酚A环氧树脂85公斤、氯代甲氧基脂肪酸甲酯15公斤、滑石粉30公斤、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.6公斤、聚丙烯酸钠25公斤等原料加入搅拌机中,在真空条件下高速分散机混合均匀,之后分装。
(2)B组分制备:将聚硫醇70公斤、聚酰胺30公斤、滑石粉25公斤、酞菁绿2公斤等原料加入搅拌机中,在真空条件下高速分散机混合均匀,之后分装。
使用的时候需要将A、B组分进行混合均匀，混合比例为质量比为1：1，用于粘结树脂板与钢工件板。
实施例5：
(1)A组分的制备:将双酚F环氧树脂95公斤、氯代甲氧基脂肪酸甲酯15公斤、碳酸钙10公斤、二氧化硅10公斤、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.9公斤、聚丙烯酸钠15公斤等原料加入搅拌机中,在真空条件下高速分散机混合均匀,之后分装。
(2)B组分制备:将聚硫醇65公斤、聚酰胺35公斤、二氧化硅10公斤、氧化铝10公斤、酞菁蓝4公斤等原料加入搅拌机中,在真空条件下高速分散机混合均匀,之后分装。
使用的时候需要将A、B组分进行混合均匀，混合比例为质量比为1：1，用于粘结树脂板与钢工件板。
高分子粘结材料性能实验:
1.剪切和拉伸强度按照GB7124-86【胶粘剂拉伸剪切强度测定方法(金属-金属)】测定。
2.水中脱胶时间测定：将树脂片与不锈钢片(长10cm,宽1cm)粘结，粘结面积为(长8cm,宽1cm)，完全固化后悬挂置于25℃的常温水中，记录树脂板与钢工件板分离脱开的时间。
表1高分子粘结材料的性能
| 样品 | 剪切强度(MPa) | 拉伸强度(MPa) | 脱胶时间(min/25℃) |
| 实施例1 | 18.2 | 20.5 | 18 |
| 实施例2 | 17.3 | 19.6 | 17 |
| 实施例3 | 18.5 | 21.3 | 19 |
| 实施例4 | 16.8 | 18.7 | 17 |
| 实施例5 | 17.9 | 19.2 | 17 |
Claims (1)
1.一种高分子粘结材料，由A、B组分构成，其特征在于：
A组分由以下组分构成：双酚A环氧树脂45公斤、双酚F环氧树脂45公斤、氯代甲氧基脂肪酸甲酯30公斤、氧化铝40公斤、γ-缩水甘油醚氧丙基三甲氧基硅烷0.5公斤、聚丙烯酸钠10公斤；
B组分由以下组分构成：聚硫醇60公斤、聚酰胺30公斤、氧化铝40公斤、酞菁蓝1公斤；
使用时，将A、B组分按照质量比为1：1进行混合均匀。
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