CN108808804A - A kind of device and control method of the online balanced and core appearance of battery pack - Google Patents
A kind of device and control method of the online balanced and core appearance of battery pack Download PDFInfo
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- CN108808804A CN108808804A CN201810844223.4A CN201810844223A CN108808804A CN 108808804 A CN108808804 A CN 108808804A CN 201810844223 A CN201810844223 A CN 201810844223A CN 108808804 A CN108808804 A CN 108808804A
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- switch pipe
- single battery
- battery
- core
- electrically connected
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J7/00—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
- H02J7/0013—Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
- H02J7/0014—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
- H02J7/0016—Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries using shunting, discharge or bypass circuits
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The device and control method held the invention discloses a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack.It is provided with DC charging unit in the device that the online balanced and core of the battery pack of the present invention holds,Passive balanced unit and active equalization unit,It can disconnect or be closed according to actual needs the first controllable switch,Second controllable switch and third controllable switch,Flexibly switching balance control method can be realized without balancer is needed to change,And it may be implemented to backwash with battery in line core holding for single battery in battery pack by DC charging unit and passive balanced unit,Core is not necessarily to stop the work of battery pack during holding and uses dedicated core capacitance device,It solves current battery balancer to have a single function,Balance control method can not flexibly be selected,Such as need to change balance control method,Then need replacing entire balancer,Replacement process very complicated,And it cannot achieve and hold function in line core,The poor battery of performance in battery pack can not be carried out the technical issues of line core holds.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the devices that straight-flow system battery technology field more particularly to a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack hold
And control method.
Background technology
Battery pack is composed in series by multiple battery cells, and the performance of any one battery cell declines in battery pack,
The decline of battery pack overall performance will all be caused.And in actual use, battery cell is due to manufacturing process and material etc.,
Battery cell performance will appear difference.In the battery pack of series connection application, the difference between battery cell can lead to battery cell
Charging/discharging voltage difference increase, there is overcharge in percentage of batteries monomer, and charge less electricity occurs in percentage of batteries monomer, eventually leads to electricity
The external discharge capability entire lowering of pond group.
Battery pack overall performance is improved to improve the inconsistent caused otherness of battery pack for the above situation, it need to be to electricity
Pond group carries out Balance route.
Two kinds are broadly divided into battery pack balancing control method at present, active equalization and passive equilibrium, active equalization pass through
The mode of energy transfer realizes equilibrium, such mode noenergy loss, but balancing speed is slower, and efficiency is relatively low, Wu Faman
The equalization request of sufficient larger current；Higher battery cell energy dissipation is reached balanced by passive balanced loaded by fever, this
Kind method speed, but will produce heat and cause the waste of energy.
It should flexibly select balance control method during practical Balance route according to actual conditions, but current battery
Having a single function for group balancer, only has one of which balance control method, can not flexibly select balance control method, if you need to
Balance control method is replaced, then needs replacing entire balancer.
And current battery pack balancing device cannot achieve holds function in line core, for the electricity that performance in battery pack is poor
Pond can not carry out holding in line core.
Therefore, it results in current battery balancer to have a single function, balance control method can not be flexibly selected, if you need to more
Balance control method is changed, then needs replacing entire balancer, replacement process very complicated, and cannot achieve and hold work(in line core
Can, the poor battery of performance in battery pack can not be carried out the technical issues of line core holds.
Invention content
The device and control method held the present invention provides a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack, solves current battery
Balancer has a single function, and can not flexibly select balance control method, such as needs to change balance control method, then needs replacing entire
Balancer, replacement process very complicated, and cannot achieve and hold function in line core, for the battery that performance in battery pack is poor
It can not carry out the technical issues of line core holds.
The present invention provides the devices that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack holds, including：Series battery, first switch
Pipe, second switch pipe, DC charging unit, passive balanced unit, active equalization unit, voltage detecting circuit, driving circuit and
Controller；
Series battery is composed in series by Q single battery, and Q is positive integer；
Single battery is one-to-one relationship with first switch pipe and second switch pipe, the anode of each single battery
The first end of corresponding first switch pipe is electrically connected, the corresponding second switch pipe of cathode of each single battery
First end is electrically connected, and the second end of each first switch pipe forms node P, and the second end of each second switch pipe forms node N,
The control terminal of each first switch pipe and second switch pipe is electrically connected by driving circuit with the first end of controller respectively；
Active equalization unit is composed in series by the first controllable switch, active capacitance and active inductance, DC charging unit by
Second controllable switch and charging subelement are composed in series, and passive balanced unit is by third controllable switch and heating resistor series connection group
At the first end of active equalization unit, DC charging unit and passive balanced unit is electrically connected with node P, active equalization list
The second end of member, DC charging unit and passive balanced unit is electrically connected with node N, and the first controllable switch, second controllably open
It closes and the control terminal of third controllable switch is electrically connected with the second end of controller respectively；
The voltage input end of voltage detecting circuit is respectively to the voltage value sample detecting of each single battery, voltage detecting electricity
The output end on road is electrically connected with the third end of controller.
Preferably, further include：Fuse；
Fuse is set between each single battery and first switch pipe and second switch pipe, and the of i-th of fuse
One end is electrically connected with the anode of i-th of single battery, the first end of the second end of i-th of fuse and i-th of first switch pipe
With the first end electrical connection of (i-1)-th second switch pipe, i is the positive integer more than 1 and less than or equal to Q；
The first end of first fuse is electrically connected with the anode of first single battery, the second end of first fuse
It is electrically connected with the first end of first first switch pipe, the negative electricity of the first end and the Q single battery of the Q+1 fuse
Connection, the second end of the Q+1 fuse are electrically connected with the first end of the Q second switch pipe.
Preferably, charging subelement is specially DC-DC converter；
First direct-flow input end of DC-DC converter is electrically connected with DC bus anode, the second direct current of DC-DC converter
Input terminal is electrically connected with DC bus cathode, the first end of the first DC output end and the second controllable switch of DC-DC converter
Electrical connection；
The second end of second controllable switch is the first end of DC charging unit, the second direct current output of DC-DC converter
End is the second end of DC charging unit.
Preferably, first switch pipe and second switch pipe are metal-oxide-semiconductor, the first end of first switch pipe and second switch pipe
For the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor, the second end of first switch pipe and second switch pipe is the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor, and first switch pipe and second is opened
The control terminal for closing pipe is the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor.
Preferably, first switch pipe and second switch pipe are bipolar transistor, first switch pipe and second switch pipe
First end be bipolar transistor collector, the second end of first switch pipe and second switch pipe is bipolar transistor
The control terminal of emitter, first switch pipe and second switch pipe is the base stage of bipolar transistor.
Preferably, controller is specially CPU.
Preferably, single battery be lead-acid battery, lithium battery and Ni-MH battery any one.
The present invention provides the control methods that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack holds, and are used for the battery of any one of the above
The device that the online balanced and core of group holds, including：
S1：It obtains the voltage value of each single battery and calculates the actual discrete degree and actual average electricity of each voltage value
Pressure, obtains the working condition of battery pack, when battery pack is charged state, executes step S2, when battery pack is discharge condition,
Step S3 is executed, when battery pack is that core holds state, executes step S4；
S2：Judge whether actual discrete degree is less than preset dispersion threshold value, if so, controlling voltage by active equalization unit
It is worth the single battery charging minimum to voltage value of highest single battery, if it is not, then judging whether actual average voltage is more than the
One preset voltage thresholds, if so, being discharged the highest single battery of voltage value by passive balanced unit, if it is not, then passing through
The single battery charging minimum to voltage value of DC charging unit；
S3：Judge that virtual voltage is average and whether be less than the second preset voltage thresholds, if so, passing through active equalization unit control
The highest single battery of the voltage value processed single battery charging minimum to voltage value；
S4：The single battery that core appearance is treated by passive balanced unit carries out constant-current discharge and calculates to wait for that core holds putting for battery
Capacitance.
Preferably, step S2 is specifically included：
S21：Judge whether actual discrete degree is less than preset dispersion threshold value, if so, being closed the first controllable switch and electricity
Pressure is worth the first switch pipe of the anode electrical connection of highest single battery and is electrically connected with the cathode of the highest single battery of voltage value
The second switch pipe connect so that the highest single battery of voltage value to active equalization unit charge until ending, after cut-off
Shutdown with the positive first switch pipe being electrically connected of the highest single battery of voltage value and with the highest single battery of voltage value
The second switch pipe of cathode electrical connection, be closed the single battery minimum with voltage value the positive first switch pipe being electrically connected and with
The second switch pipe of the cathode electrical connection of the minimum single battery of voltage value so that the active equalization unit list minimum to voltage value
Body battery charges, if it is not, thening follow the steps S22；
S22：Judge whether actual average voltage is more than the first preset voltage thresholds, if so, closure third controllable switch,
The first switch pipe being electrically connected with the anode of the highest single battery of voltage value and the cathode with the highest single battery of voltage value
The second switch pipe of electrical connection discharges to the highest single battery of voltage value by passive balanced unit, if it is not, being then closed second
Controllable switch, the positive first switch pipe being electrically connected of the single battery minimum with voltage value and the monomer minimum with voltage value electricity
The second switch pipe of the cathode electrical connection in pond, is charged by the DC charging unit single battery minimum to voltage value.
Preferably, step S4 is specifically included：
S41：Be closed third controllable switch, with the positive first switch pipe being electrically connected for waiting for single battery that core holds and with wait for
The second switch pipe of the cathode electrical connection for the single battery that core holds, the single battery that core appearance is treated by passive balanced unit carry out
Constant-current discharge simultaneously calculates the discharge capacity for waiting for that core holds battery；
S42：Third controllable switch is disconnected, the single battery that the second controllable switch of closure treats core appearance charges, charges
Disconnect the second controllable switch after the completion, with the first switch pipe that be electrically connected of anode for waiting for single battery that core holds and with wait for core appearance
The second switch pipe of the cathode electrical connection of single battery selects next single battery for waiting for core and holding, and return to step S41 is until complete
The core of the single battery held at needed core holds work.
As can be seen from the above technical solutions, the present invention has the following advantages：
Be provided in the device that the battery pack of the present invention is online balanced and core holds DC charging unit, passive balanced unit and
It is controllable can to disconnect or be closed according to actual needs the first controllable switch, the second controllable switch and third for active equalization unit
It switchs, flexibly switching balance control method can be realized without balancer is needed to change, and by DC charging unit and passively
Balanced unit may be implemented to backwash with battery in line core holding for single battery in battery pack, and core is not necessarily to stop battery pack during holding
Work and use dedicated core capacitance device, solve current battery balancer and have a single function, can not flexibly select equilibrium
Control method, such as needs to change balance control method, then needs replacing entire balancer, replacement process very complicated, and nothing
Method is realized holds function in line core, and the poor battery of performance in battery pack can not be carried out the technical issues of line core holds.
Description of the drawings
In order to more clearly explain the embodiment of the invention or the technical proposal in the existing technology, to embodiment or will show below
There is attached drawing needed in technology description to be briefly described, it should be apparent that, the accompanying drawings in the following description is only this
Some embodiments of invention without having to pay creative labor, may be used also for those of ordinary skill in the art
To obtain other attached drawings according to these attached drawings.
Fig. 1 is the structure chart for the device that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention holds；
Fig. 2 is the flow chart for the control method that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention holds；
Fig. 3 is that the active equalization unit for the device that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention holds fills
Electrical schematic diagram；
Fig. 4 is that the active equalization unit for the device that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention holds is put
Electrical schematic diagram；
Fig. 5 is that the DC charging unit for the device that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention holds fills
Electrical schematic diagram；
Fig. 6 is that the passive balanced unit for the device that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention holds is put
Electrical schematic diagram；
Fig. 7 is that the structure of the application examples for the device that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention holds is shown
It is intended to.
Specific implementation mode
The device and control method held an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack, solves current
Battery pack balancing device has a single function, and can not flexibly select balance control method, such as needs to change balance control method, then needs more
Entire balancer, replacement process very complicated are changed, and cannot achieve and hold function in line core, it is poor for performance in battery pack
Battery can not carry out the technical issues of line core holds.
In order to make the invention's purpose, features and advantages of the invention more obvious and easy to understand, below in conjunction with the present invention
Attached drawing in embodiment, technical scheme in the embodiment of the invention is clearly and completely described, it is clear that disclosed below
Embodiment be only a part of the embodiment of the present invention, and not all embodiment.Based on the embodiments of the present invention, this field
All other embodiment that those of ordinary skill is obtained without making creative work, belongs to protection of the present invention
Range.
Referring to Fig. 1, an implementation of the device held an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack
Example, including：
Series battery, first switch pipe, second switch pipe, DC charging unit 1, passive balanced unit 2, active equalization
Unit 3, voltage detecting circuit 4, driving circuit 5 and controller 6；
Series battery is composed in series by Q single battery, and Q is positive integer；
Single battery is one-to-one relationship with first switch pipe and second switch pipe, the anode of each single battery
The first end of corresponding first switch pipe is electrically connected, the corresponding second switch pipe of cathode of each single battery
First end is electrically connected, and the second end of each first switch pipe forms node P, and the second end of each second switch pipe forms node N,
The control terminal of each first switch pipe and second switch pipe is electrically connected by driving circuit 5 with the first end of controller 6 respectively；
Active equalization unit 3 is by the first controllable switch S1, active capacitance C1With active inductance L1It is composed in series, DC charging
Unit 1 is by the second controllable switch S2It is composed in series with charging subelement, passive balanced unit 2 is by third controllable switch S3And fever
Resistance R is composed in series, and the first end of active equalization unit 3, DC charging unit 1 and passive balanced unit 2 is electrically connected with node P
It connects, the second end of active equalization unit 3, DC charging unit 1 and passive balanced unit 2 is electrically connected with node N, and first is controllable
Switch S1, the second controllable switch S2With third controllable switch S3Control terminal be electrically connected respectively with the second end of controller 6；
The voltage input end of voltage detecting circuit 4 is respectively to the voltage value sample detecting of each single battery, voltage detecting
The output end of circuit 4 is electrically connected with the third end of controller 6.
It should be noted that series battery is composed in series by Q single battery [B1, B2 ..., BQ], Q is positive integer.
Single battery is one-to-one relationship with first switch pipe and second switch pipe, i.e. Q single battery corresponds to Q
First switch pipe [Q1, Q3..., Q2Q-1] and Q second switch pipe [Q2, Q4..., Q2Q]。
The first end electrical connection of the positive corresponding first switch pipe of each single battery, each single battery
The corresponding second switch pipe of cathode first end electrical connection.
The second end of each first switch pipe forms node P, the second end composition node N of each second switch pipe.
Active equalization unit 3 is by the first controllable switch S1, active capacitance C1With active inductance L1It is composed in series.
DC charging unit 1 is by the second controllable switch S2It is composed in series with charging subelement.
Passive balanced unit 2 is by third controllable switch S3It is composed in series with heating resistor R.
The first end of active equalization unit 3, DC charging unit 1 and passive balanced unit 2 is electrically connected with node P, main
The second end of dynamic balanced unit 3, DC charging unit 1 and passive balanced unit 2 is electrically connected with node N.
First controllable switch S1, the second controllable switch S2With third controllable switch S3Control terminal respectively with controller 6
Two ends are electrically connected.
Voltage detecting circuit 4 has the function of voltage detecting, and the voltage input end of voltage detecting circuit 4 is respectively to each list
The voltage value sample detecting of body battery, the output end of voltage detecting circuit 4 are electrically connected with the third end of controller 6.
Further, it is also possible to which current detection circuit is arranged, the current input terminal of current detection circuit can pass through Current Mutual Inductance
Device detects the current value of node P and node N.
Driving circuit 5 is controlled by controller 6, and controller 6 sends drive signal by driving circuit 5 and controls each the
The conducting or shutdown of one switching tube and second switch pipe.
Controller 6 is used for the electric data information that receiving voltage detection circuit 4 conveys, and outputs control signals to driving circuit
5, the first controllable switch S of active equalization unit 31, DC charging unit 1 the second controllable switch S2With passive balanced unit 2
Third controllable switch S3。
Meanwhile controlling two switching tubes for being connected in Same Vertices at the single battery both ends of open circuit while gating, it can be right
Single battery transboundary, realizes the open-circuit-protection to single battery.
It should be appreciated that first, second and other titles for being related to number in the present embodiment are only intended to some
Or certain a kind of device distinguishes, and the pin of non-corresponding device or indicates specific sequence, for example, the of controller 6
Two ends are not necessarily referring to the PIN2 pins for controller 6, nor refer to and there was only a port, and refer to for controlling controllable switch
One generic port, when there are three controllable switch, correspondence should be there are three second end.
Further, further include：Fuse；
Fuse is set between each single battery and first switch pipe and second switch pipe, i-th of fuse Fi's
First end is electrically connected with the anode of i-th of single battery Bi, i-th of fuse FiSecond end and i-th of first switch pipe Q2i-1
First end and (i-1)-th second switch pipe Q2i-2First end electrical connection, i be more than 1 and less than or equal to Q positive integer；
First fuse F1First end be electrically connected with the anode of first single battery B1, first fuse F1's
Second end is electrically connected with the first end of first first switch pipe Q1, the Q+1 fuse FQ+1First end and the Q monomer
The cathode of battery BQ is electrically connected, the Q+1 fuse FQ+1Second end and the Q second switch pipe Q2QFirst end electrical connection.
It should be noted that the positive and negative anodes of each single battery are respectively connected with fuse, so Q single battery corresponds to
It is provided with Q+1 fuse [F1, F2..., FQ+1]。
Fuse is set between each single battery and first switch pipe and second switch pipe, i-th of fuse Fi's
First end is electrically connected with the anode (cathode of i+1 single battery) of i-th of single battery Bi, i-th of fuse Fi?
Two ends and i-th of first switch pipe Q2i-1First end and (i-1)-th second switch pipe Q2i-2First end electrical connection, i be more than
1 and less than or equal to Q positive integer, such as：The first end of 2nd fuse is electrically connected with the anode of the 2nd single battery, the
The second end of 2 fuses and the 2nd first switch pipe Q3First end and the 1st first switch pipe Q2First end electrical connection.
When short circuit occurs in circuit outside battery pack, high current meeting fuse wire avoids battery pack from being damaged.
Further, charging subelement is specially DC-DC converter；
First direct-flow input end of DC-DC converter is electrically connected with 7 anode of DC bus, and the second of DC-DC converter is straight
Stream input terminal is electrically connected with 7 cathode of DC bus, the first DC output end of DC-DC converter and the second controllable switch S2?
One end is electrically connected；
Second controllable switch S2Second end be DC charging unit 1 first end, the second direct current of DC-DC converter is defeated
Outlet is the second end of DC charging unit 1.
It should be noted that charging subelement, for charging to battery pack, charging subelement can be selected as DC-DC
Converter charges to battery pack using DC bus 7 by DC-DC converter.
Further, first switch pipe and second switch pipe are metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the first of first switch pipe and second switch pipe
End is the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor, and the second end of first switch pipe and second switch pipe is the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor, first switch pipe and second
The control terminal of switching tube is the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor.
It should be noted that the switching tube type of first switch pipe and second switch pipe can be selected as needed,
Metal-oxide-semiconductor can such as be selected.
When first switch pipe and second switch pipe are metal-oxide-semiconductor, using the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor as first switch pipe and second
The first end of switching tube, using the source electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor as the second end of first switch pipe and second switch pipe, with the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor
Control terminal as first switch pipe and second switch pipe.
Further, first switch pipe and second switch pipe are bipolar transistor, first switch pipe and second switch
The first end of pipe is the collector of bipolar transistor, and the second end of first switch pipe and second switch pipe is bipolar transistor
Emitter, the control terminal of first switch pipe and second switch pipe is the base stage of bipolar transistor.
It should be noted that other than metal-oxide-semiconductor, it is also an option that bipolar transistor (triode) is used as switching tube.
When first switch pipe and second switch pipe are bipolar transistor, using the collector of bipolar transistor as
The first end of first switch pipe and second switch pipe, using the emitter of bipolar transistor as first switch pipe and second switch
The second end of pipe, using the base stage of bipolar transistor as the control terminal of first switch pipe and second switch pipe.
Further, controller 6 is specially CPU.
It should be noted that the type of controller 6 can be selected as needed, such as CPU can be selected as control
Device 6 processed can also select MCU and FPGA etc. to have the electronic device of logical operation and programing function as controller 6.
Further, single battery be lead-acid battery, lithium battery and Ni-MH battery any one.
It should be noted that the device that the online balanced and core of the battery pack of the present embodiment holds is suitable for any series connection application
Battery pack, including but not limited to lead-acid battery, lithium battery and Ni-MH battery.
The voltage of single battery includes but not limited to 2V, 6V and 12V.
As shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4, when using active equalization control method when, can by active equalization unit 3 by voltage most
High single battery B2 carries out energy transfer to the minimum single battery BQ of voltage, and control process is：First is closed controllably to open
Close S1, the corresponding first switch pipe Q of gating single battery B23With second switch pipe Q4, single battery B2 is formed to active equalization list
Circuit B2 → F of 3 charging of member2→Q3→S1→L1→C1→Q4→F3→B2；Cut-off first is opened after active capacitance C1 is fully charged
Close pipe Q3With second switch pipe Q4, the corresponding first switch pipe Q of gating single battery BQ2Q-1With second switch pipe Q2Q, formed actively
The circuit C that balanced unit 3 discharges to single battery BQ1→L1→S1→Q2Q-1→FQ→BQ→FQ+1→Q2Q→C1, pass through controller
6 control high-power switch tubes carry out the process of charging and discharging repeatedly with certain frequency on or off, and energy may be implemented
The transfer of amount.
As shown in figure 5, when being charged using DC charging unit 1, such as needs to charge to single battery B2, can close
Close the second controllable switch S2, the corresponding first switch pipe Q of gating single battery B23With second switch pipe Q4, the charge circuit of formation
For 7 anodes of DC bus → charging subelement → S2→Q3→F2→B2→F3→Q4→ charging 7 cathode of subelement → DC bus
7 anode of → DC bus.
As shown in fig. 6, when using the control method of passive equilibrium, such as need to carry out single battery B2 passive equal
Weighing apparatus, then can be closed third controllable switch S3, the corresponding first switch pipe Q of gating single battery B23With second switch pipe Q4, shape
At discharge loop be B2 → F2→Q3→S3→R→Q4→F3→B2。
DC charging unit 1, passive balanced list are provided in the battery pack of the present embodiment device that balanced and core holds online
Member 2 and active equalization unit 3, can disconnect or be closed according to actual needs the first controllable switch S1, the second controllable switch S2With
Third controllable switch S3, flexibly switching balance control method can be realized without balancer is needed to change, and pass through DC charging
Unit 1 and passive balanced unit 2 may be implemented to backwash with battery in line core holding for single battery in battery pack, nothing during core holds
It need to stop the work of battery pack and use dedicated core capacitance device, solve current battery balancer and have a single function, it can not
Flexibly selection balance control method, such as needs to change balance control method, then needs replacing entire balancer, replacement process is cumbersome
Complexity, and cannot achieve and hold function, the skill that can not carry out holding in line core for the poor battery of performance in battery pack in line core
Art problem.
It is the one embodiment for the device that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention holds above, with
It is the one embodiment for the control method that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack provided in an embodiment of the present invention holds down.
Referring to Fig. 2, one of the control method held an embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack
Embodiment, including：
Step 201：It obtains the voltage value of each single battery and calculates the actual discrete degree of each voltage value and actually put down
Equal voltage obtains the working condition of battery pack, when battery pack is charged state, executes step 202, when battery pack is electric discharge shape
When state, step 207 is executed, when battery pack is that core holds state, executes step 209；
It should be noted that the voltage value of each single battery can be obtained by voltage detecting circuit 4, pass through each list
The voltage value of body battery can calculate actual discrete degree and actual average voltage.
The working condition for obtaining battery pack later thens follow the steps 202, if battery if battery pack is charged state
When group is discharge condition, step 207 is executed, if battery pack is core appearance state, executes step 209.
Step 202：Judge whether actual discrete degree is less than preset dispersion threshold value, if so, 203 are thened follow the steps, if it is not,
Then follow the steps 204；
It should be noted that when battery pack is charged state, need to judge the voltage of each single battery in battery pack
Whether the actual discrete degree of value is less than preset dispersion threshold value, if so, 203 are thened follow the steps, if not, thening follow the steps
204。
Step 203：It is closed the first controllable switch S1, first open with what the anode of the highest single battery of voltage value was electrically connected
The second switch pipe that Guan Guanhe is electrically connected with the cathode of the highest single battery of voltage value so that the highest single battery of voltage value
Active equalization unit 3 charge until cut-off, turns off after cut-off and be electrically connected with the anode of the highest single battery of voltage value
First switch pipe and the second switch pipe that is electrically connected with the cathode of the highest single battery of voltage value, be closed minimum with voltage value
Single battery anode electrical connection first switch pipe and the single battery minimum with voltage value cathode be electrically connected second
Switching tube so that the single battery minimum to voltage value of active equalization unit 3 charges；
It should be noted that if actual discrete degree is less than preset dispersion threshold value, active equalization may be used at this time
Control method, equilibrium is realized by way of energy transfer, battery pack power is avoided to be lost.
Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are can refer to, the first controllable switch S is closed1, with the highest single battery of voltage value anode be electrically connected
First switch pipe and the second switch pipe that is electrically connected with the cathode of the highest single battery of voltage value so that voltage value is highest
Single battery carries out charging until active capacitance C to active equalization unit 31Cut-off.
Active capacitance C1After cut-off shutdown and the positive first switch pipe being electrically connected of the highest single battery of voltage value and
The second switch pipe being electrically connected with the cathode of the highest single battery of voltage value is closed with the minimum single battery of voltage value just
The second switch pipe that the first switch pipe of pole electrical connection and the cathode of the single battery minimum with voltage value are electrically connected so that actively
The single battery minimum to voltage value of balanced unit 3 charges.
Step 204：Judge whether actual average voltage is more than the first preset voltage thresholds, if so, 205 are thened follow the steps,
If it is not, thening follow the steps 206；
It should be noted that if actual discrete degree is more than preset dispersion threshold value, illustrate each single battery of this thing
Between voltage deviation it is larger, need at this time according to actual average voltage judgement be to voltage value highest single battery electric discharge or
The single battery charging minimum to voltage value.
Judge whether actual average voltage is more than the first preset voltage thresholds, if so, 205 are thened follow the steps, if not,
Then follow the steps 206.
Step 205：It is closed third controllable switch S3, first open with what the anode of the highest single battery of voltage value was electrically connected
The second switch pipe that Guan Guanhe is electrically connected with the cathode of the highest single battery of voltage value, by passive balanced unit 2 to voltage
It is worth highest single battery electric discharge；
It should be noted that when actual average voltage is more than the first preset voltage thresholds, it at this time should be to voltage value most
High single battery electric discharge, avoids the highest single battery of voltage value from occurring overcharging electrical phenomena.
As shown in figure 5, needing to be closed third controllable switch S at this time3, be electrically connected with the anode of the highest single battery of voltage value
The first switch pipe connect and the second switch pipe being electrically connected with the cathode of the highest single battery of voltage value, by passive balanced single
First highest single battery electric discharge of 2 pairs of voltage values.
Step 206：It is closed the second controllable switch S2, the single battery minimum with voltage value first opening of being electrically connected of anode
The second switch pipe that the cathode of single battery minimum with voltage value Guan Guanhe is electrically connected, by DC charging unit 1 to voltage
It is worth minimum single battery charging；
When actual average voltage be less than the first preset voltage thresholds when, at this time should the single battery minimum to voltage value put
There is charge less electrical phenomena in electricity, the single battery for avoiding voltage value minimum.
As shown in fig. 6, needing to be closed the second controllable switch S at this time2, the single battery minimum with voltage value anode be electrically connected
The second switch pipe that the cathode of the first switch pipe and the single battery minimum with voltage value that connect is electrically connected, passes through DC charging list
The minimum single battery charging of first 1 pair of voltage value.
Step 207：Judge that virtual voltage is average and whether be less than the second preset voltage thresholds, if so, thening follow the steps 208；
It should be noted that when battery pack is in discharge condition, need to judge whether virtual voltage is averagely less than at this time
Second preset voltage thresholds, if so, thening follow the steps 208；
Step 208：It is electric to the monomer that voltage value is minimum that the highest single battery of voltage value is controlled by active equalization unit 3
It charges in pond；
It needs, when virtual voltage is averagely less than the second preset voltage thresholds, the active using such as Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 is equal
The control mode that the weighs control highest single battery of the voltage value single battery minimum to voltage value charges, each in balancing battery group
The electricity of single battery extends the whole discharge time of battery pack.
Step 209：It is closed third controllable switch S3, with the first switch pipe that is electrically connected of anode that waits for single battery that core holds
With with the second switch pipe that be electrically connected of cathode that waits for single battery that core holds, the monomer that core holds is treated by passive balanced unit 2
Battery carries out constant-current discharge and calculates the discharge capacity for waiting for that core holds battery；
It should be noted that when needing that battery pack is carried out when line core holds, be closed third controllable switch S3And wait for that core holds
Single battery anode electrical connection first switch pipe and with the second switch that is electrically connected of cathode that waits for single battery that core holds
Pipe, the single battery that core appearance is treated by passive balanced unit 2 carry out constant-current discharge and calculate the discharge capacity for waiting for that core holds battery.
Step 210：Disconnect third controllable switch S3, it is closed the second controllable switch S2The single battery for treating core appearance is filled
Electricity disconnects the second controllable switch S after charging complete2, with the first switch pipe that is electrically connected of anode for waiting for single battery that core holds and
With the second switch pipe for waiting for that the cathode of the single battery of core appearance is electrically connected, next single battery for waiting for core and holding is selected, step is returned
Rapid 209 until the core for completing the single battery that needed core holds holds work.
It should be noted that due to being held in line core, battery pack is in running order, therefore treats the single battery of core appearance
Core needs to carry out program-controlled charging to the single battery by DC charging unit 1 after holding, and is just waited for into next after charging complete
The core that core holds battery holds work, repeats aforesaid operations until the core that the needed core of completion holds battery holds work.
By taking the Balance route of the monomer series-connected battery pack of the lead-acid battery of 4 2V in Fig. 7 in the charge state as an example, wherein
First preset voltage thresholds V0For 2.1V, preset dispersion threshold value D0It is 0.05.
If detecting at this time in series battery B1-B4, VB1=2.2V, VB2=2.1, VB3=2.0V, VB4=1.9V, by
In actual average voltage Vi=2.05 are less than V0, actual discrete degree Di=0.1 is more than D0, then CPU control S2Conducting gates Q7With
Q8, DC charging unit 1 is made to carry out high current equalizaing charge to B4.
If detecting at this time in series battery B1-B4, VB1=2.3V, VB2=2.2, VB3=2.1V, VB4=2.0V.By
In actual average voltage Vi=2.15 are more than V0, actual discrete degree Di=0.1 is more than D0, then CPU control S3Conducting gates Q1、Q2,
So that B1 is discharged heating resistor R, avoids the overcharge of B1.
If detecting at this time in series battery B1-B4, VB1=2.25V, VB2=2.22V, VB3=2.2V, VB4=
2.15V.Due to Vi=2.205 are more than V0, Di=0.03 is less than D0, then CPU control S1Conducting gates Q1、Q2, make B1 to actively equal
Weighing apparatus unit 3 charges；End Q after active capacitance C1 is fully charged1And Q2, gate Q7And Q8, make active equalization unit 3 to B4
It discharges, Q is gated again after the completion of electric discharge1、Q2It charges, after so multiple cycle charging discharge process cycles, you can
Realize the transfer of slave B1 to the B4 of energy.
The control method that the online balanced and core of the battery pack of the present embodiment holds, can be according to the working condition and electricity of battery
The voltage value of each single battery selects suitable balance control method in the group of pond and core holds method, and convenient and efficient, nothing needs to change
Balancer can be realized flexibly switching balance control method, and can be with by DC charging unit 1 and passive balanced unit 2
Realize that holding in line core for single battery backwashes with battery in battery pack, core holds the work and use without stopping battery pack in the process
Dedicated core capacitance device solves current battery balancer and has a single function, can not flexibly select balance control method, if you need to
Balance control method is replaced, then needs replacing entire balancer, replacement process very complicated, and cannot achieve and hold in line core
Function can not carry out the technical issues of line core holds the poor battery of performance in battery pack.
The above, the above embodiments are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than its limitations；Although with reference to before
Stating embodiment, invention is explained in detail, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that：It still can be to preceding
The technical solution recorded in each embodiment is stated to modify or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features；And these
Modification or replacement, the spirit and scope for various embodiments of the present invention technical solution that it does not separate the essence of the corresponding technical solution.
Claims (10)
1. the device that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack holds, which is characterized in that including：Series battery, first switch pipe,
Two switching tubes, DC charging unit, passive balanced unit, active equalization unit, voltage detecting circuit, driving circuit and control
Device；
Series battery is composed in series by Q single battery, and Q is positive integer；
Single battery is one-to-one relationship with first switch pipe and second switch pipe, the anode of each single battery and its
The first end of corresponding first switch pipe is electrically connected, and the first of the corresponding second switch pipe of cathode of each single battery
End electrical connection, the second end of each first switch pipe form node P, the second end composition node N of each second switch pipe, each
The control terminal of first switch pipe and second switch pipe is electrically connected by driving circuit with the first end of controller respectively；
Active equalization unit is composed in series by the first controllable switch, active capacitance and active inductance, and DC charging unit is by second
Controllable switch and charging subelement are composed in series, and passive balanced unit is composed in series by third controllable switch and heating resistor, main
The first end of dynamic balanced unit, DC charging unit and passive balanced unit be electrically connected with node P, active equalization unit, directly
The second end of current charge unit and passive balanced unit is electrically connected with node N, the first controllable switch, the second controllable switch and
The control terminal of three controllable switches is electrically connected with the second end of controller respectively；
The voltage input end of voltage detecting circuit respectively to the voltage value sample detecting of each single battery, voltage detecting circuit
Output end is electrically connected with the third end of controller.
2. the device that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack according to claim 1 holds, which is characterized in that further include：It protects
Dangerous silk；
Fuse is set between each single battery and first switch pipe and second switch pipe, the first end of i-th of fuse
Be electrically connected with the anode of i-th single battery, the first end of the second end of i-th of fuse and i-th first switch pipe and the
The first end electrical connection of i-1 second switch pipe, i are the positive integer more than 1 and less than or equal to Q；
The first end of first fuse be electrically connected with the anode of first single battery, the second end of first fuse and the
The first end electrical connection of one first switch pipe, the first end and the cathode of the Q single battery of the Q+1 fuse are electrically connected
It connects, the second end of the Q+1 fuse is electrically connected with the first end of the Q second switch pipe.
3. the device that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack according to claim 1 holds, which is characterized in that charging subelement
Specially DC-DC converter；
First direct-flow input end of DC-DC converter is electrically connected with DC bus anode, the second direct current input of DC-DC converter
End is electrically connected with DC bus cathode, and the first end of the first DC output end and the second controllable switch of DC-DC converter is electrically connected
It connects；
The second end of second controllable switch is the first end of DC charging unit, and the second DC output end of DC-DC converter is
The second end of DC charging unit.
4. the device that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack according to claim 1 holds, which is characterized in that first switch pipe
It is metal-oxide-semiconductor with second switch pipe, the first end of first switch pipe and second switch pipe is the drain electrode of metal-oxide-semiconductor, first switch pipe
With the source electrode that the second end of second switch pipe is metal-oxide-semiconductor, the control terminal of first switch pipe and second switch pipe is the grid of metal-oxide-semiconductor
Pole.
5. the device that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack according to claim 1 holds, which is characterized in that first switch pipe
It is bipolar transistor with second switch pipe, the first end of first switch pipe and second switch pipe is the collection of bipolar transistor
The second end of electrode, first switch pipe and second switch pipe is the emitter of bipolar transistor, and first switch pipe and second is opened
The control terminal for closing pipe is the base stage of bipolar transistor.
6. the device that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack according to claim 1 holds, which is characterized in that control implement body
For CPU.
The device that 7. a kind of battery pack according to claim 1 is online balanced and core holds, which is characterized in that single battery is
Lead-acid battery, lithium battery and Ni-MH battery any one.
8. the control method that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack holds, for the battery described in any one of claim 1 to 7
The device that the online balanced and core of group holds, which is characterized in that including：
S1：It obtains the voltage value of each single battery and calculates the actual discrete degree and actual average voltage of each voltage value, obtain
The working condition for taking battery pack executes step S2 when battery pack is charged state, when battery pack is discharge condition, executes
Step S3 executes step S4 when battery pack is that core holds state；
S2：Judge whether actual discrete degree is less than preset dispersion threshold value, if so, controlling voltage value most by active equalization unit
The high single battery single battery charging minimum to voltage value, if it is not, it is pre- then to judge whether actual average voltage is more than first
Voltage threshold is set, if so, discharging the highest single battery of voltage value by passive balanced unit, if it is not, then passing through direct current
The charhing unit single battery charging minimum to voltage value；
S3：Judge that virtual voltage is average and whether be less than the second preset voltage thresholds, if so, controlling electricity by active equalization unit
Pressure is worth the single battery charging minimum to voltage value of highest single battery；
S4：The single battery that core appearance is treated by passive balanced unit carries out constant-current discharge and calculates the electric discharge appearance for waiting for that core holds battery
Amount.
9. the control method that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack according to claim 8 holds, which is characterized in that step S2
It specifically includes：
S21：Judge whether actual discrete degree is less than preset dispersion threshold value, if so, being closed the first controllable switch and voltage value
It the first switch pipe of the anode electrical connection of highest single battery and is electrically connected with the cathode of the highest single battery of voltage value
Second switch pipe so that the highest single battery of voltage value to active equalization unit charge until cut-off, turns off after cut-off
The first switch pipe being electrically connected with the anode of the highest single battery of voltage value and the cathode with the highest single battery of voltage value
The second switch pipe of electrical connection is closed first switch pipe and and voltage that the anode of the single battery minimum with voltage value is electrically connected
It is worth the second switch pipe of the cathode electrical connection of minimum single battery so that active equalization unit is to the monomer electricity that voltage value is minimum
Pond is charged, if it is not, thening follow the steps S22；
S22：Judge whether actual average voltage is more than the first preset voltage thresholds, if so, being closed third controllable switch and electricity
Pressure is worth the first switch pipe of the anode electrical connection of highest single battery and is electrically connected with the cathode of the highest single battery of voltage value
The second switch pipe connect discharges to the highest single battery of voltage value by passive balanced unit, if it is not, it is controllable to be then closed second
Switch, the positive first switch pipe being electrically connected of the single battery minimum with voltage value and the single battery minimum with voltage value
The second switch pipe of cathode electrical connection is charged by the DC charging unit single battery minimum to voltage value.
10. the control method that a kind of online balanced and core of battery pack according to claim 8 holds, which is characterized in that step
S4 is specifically included：
S41：Be closed third controllable switch, with wait for first switch pipe that the anode of single battery that core holds is electrically connected and with wait for core appearance
Single battery cathode electrical connection second switch pipe, by passive balanced unit treat core appearance single battery carry out constant current
It discharges and calculates the discharge capacity for waiting for that core holds battery；
S42：Third controllable switch is disconnected, the single battery that the second controllable switch of closure treats core appearance charges, charging complete
Disconnect the second controllable switch afterwards, with the first switch pipe that be electrically connected of anode for waiting for single battery that core holds and with the monomer that waits for core appearance
The second switch pipe of the cathode electrical connection of battery selects next single battery for waiting for core and holding, and return to step S41 is until complete institute
The core for needing the single battery of core appearance holds work.
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