CN104410136B - Interlaced modular Pack to Cell equalizer circuit and control method - Google Patents
Interlaced modular Pack to Cell equalizer circuit and control method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an interlaced modular Pack to Cell equalizer circuit and a control method. According to the interlaced modular Pack to Cell equalizer circuit, a power battery pack is divided into M stages of battery modules, and each battery module comprises N individual batteries, wherein the Kth stage of battery module is connected with the input end of the kth stage of LC resonant transformation circuit and the output end of the kth stage of LC resonant transformation circuit is connected with the individual batteries of the (K+1)th stage of battery module through a selective switch module; by the analogy, the Mth stage of battery module is connected to the input end of the Mth stage of LC resonant transformation circuit and the output end of the Mth stage of LC resonant transformation circuit is connected with the individual batteries of the first stage of battery module by use of a switching module. The interlaced modular Pack to Cell equalizer circuit has the advantages that the balance between the modules can be realized without increasing an extra equalizer, the problem of discharging the individual batteries at the same time of performing charging equalization on the individual batteries in the battery pack of the traditional Pack to Cell equalizer circuit is solved, and the net equalizing current and the equalizing efficiency are effectively improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of deinterleaving block and control method.
Background technology
It is known that the whole world is faced with the unprecedented energy and environmental crisis.Electric automobile has energy-saving and environmental protection
Feature, is the critical path solving this major crisis.Energy density is high, self-discharge rate is low and does not have because having for lithium ion battery
The advantages of memory effect, it is widely used in electric automobile and hybrid-electric car as power source.Electricity due to cell
Pressure grade and active volume are needed using the power of ability electric automobile it is necessary to connect in groups than relatively low.But series battery
Bring a severe problem：Due to the difference of processing technology, battery cell can not possibly be identical, using a period of time
The imbalance of cell voltage occurs afterwards, this imbalance can cause overcharging and excessively putting, thus significantly subtracting of percentage of batteries monomer
The little service life of power battery pack and active volume.Therefore, it is necessary to balanced management is carried out to set of cells.It is clear that making
One of key technology for battery management system, the efficient balance of series battery has become as a study hotspot.
According to energy stream, active equalization of battery can be divided into following four：(1)Cell to Cell；(2)Cell to
Pack；(3)Pack to Cell；(4)Any Cells to Any Cells.For the equalization methods of Cell to Cell, energy
Amount directly can transfer to the minimum battery cell of voltage from voltage highest battery cell, has higher equalization efficiency, and
And be suitable for high voltage applications, but because the less power electronic devices in addition of the voltage difference between battery cell has conducting
Pressure drop, the euqalizing current very little of this method, therefore the method are not suitable for jumbo electrokinetic cell.For Cell to
The equalization methods of Pack, energy transfers to the higher set of cells of voltage, equal power and efficiency from the relatively low battery cell of voltage
All relatively low, it is also unsuitable for jumbo electrokinetic cell.For the equalization methods of Any Cells to Any Cells, such as China
Utility model (patent No. ZL 201420265656.1) proposes a kind of Any based on switch matrix and LC resonant transformation
Cells to Any Cells equalizing circuit, its balanced energy can be delivered to any battery cell from the combination of any battery cell
Combination, equalization efficiency is very high, however it is necessary that substantial amounts of switching switchs and Balance route is also extremely complex.And for Pack to
The equalization methods of Cell, equalizing each time is all to carry out energy supply by the set of cells battery cell minimum to voltage, can
Realize larger euqalizing current, be suitable for jumbo electrokinetic cell.
Chinese utility model (patent No. ZL 201420264864.X) proposes a kind of Pack to based on LC resonant transformation
Cell equalizing circuit, this equalizing circuit is by using a LC resonant transformation it is achieved that energy is minimum from set of cells to voltage
The Zero Current Switch transmission of battery cell, decreases energy dissipation, improves equalization efficiency.But, this equalizing circuit main
Problem is：When the set of cells battery cell charge balancing minimum to voltage, also can this battery cell be discharged, it is only equal simultaneously
Weighing apparatus electric current is less, also result in unnecessary energy dissipation.
Content of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is exactly to solve the above problems it is proposed that a kind of Pack to Cell of deinterleaving block is equal
Weighing apparatus circuit and control method, this circuit and control method realize current battery under adjacent by using M LC resonant transformation
The Zero Current Switch equilibrium of one-level battery cell monomer, decreases energy dissipation.
To achieve these goals, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that：
A kind of Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of deinterleaving block, including microcontroller, address decoding circuitry, M level LC
Resonant transform circuit, selecting switch module, filter capacitor and power battery pack；Power battery pack is divided into M level battery module, often
Individual battery module comprises N number of battery cell；Wherein K level battery module connects the input of K level LC resonant transform circuit, the
The outfan of K level LC resonant transform circuit connects the battery cell of K+1 level battery module by selecting switch module, with such
Push away, M level battery module connects the input of M level LC resonant transform circuit, the outfan of M level LC resonant transform circuit leads to
Cross the battery cell that selecting switch module connects the 1st grade of battery module；
Described microcontroller is connected with each battery cell and every one-level LC resonant transform circuit respectively；Described every one-level
The input of LC resonant transform circuit and outfan parallel filtering electric capacity respectively；
Described microcontroller judges that the corresponding battery cell of K+1 level battery module minimum voltage is numbered, by selecting to open
Close module, the minimum battery cell of voltage in K+1 level battery module is gated to the output of K level LC resonant transform circuit
End；The total voltage of K level battery module is as the input of K level LC resonant transform circuit；Meanwhile, microprocessor controls K level
LC resonant transform circuit alternation is in two states of charging and discharging.
Described microcontroller includes pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output part and general purpose I/O end, and wherein general purpose I/O end is divided into
Two parts；
Voltage checking chip connecting single batteries are passed through at described general purpose I/O end, for by the analog voltage signal of battery cell
It is converted into digital signal, so that it is determined that the minimum battery cell of voltage corresponding battery cell numbering, institute in every one-level set of cells
State voltage checking chip for detecting the voltage of battery cell.
Described pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output part connects every one-level LC resonant transformation by the drive circuit of metal-oxide-semiconductor
Circuit, for producing the drive signal controlling metal-oxide-semiconductor switch.
Described general purpose I/O end is connected with selecting switch module also by address decoding circuitry, for gating every one-level set of cells
The minimum battery cell of interior voltage, selecting switch module will connect to next stage electricity when the outfan of prime LC resonant transform circuit
The minimum battery cell of voltage in the group of pond.
Described K level LC resonant transform circuit includes：One end of input is sequentially connected in series metal-oxide-semiconductor QK1With diode DK1Afterwards,
Connect two branch roads, one of branch road is sequentially connected in series metal-oxide-semiconductor QK3With diode DK3, another branch road be sequentially connected in series inductance LK0
With electric capacity CK0One end；The other end of input is sequentially connected in series backward diode DK2With metal-oxide-semiconductor QK2Afterwards, two branch roads are connected, its
In branch road connect electric capacity CK0The other end, another branch road be sequentially connected in series backward diode DK4With metal-oxide-semiconductor QK4, wherein, K
=1 ..., M.
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q in described K level LC resonant transform circuitK1With metal-oxide-semiconductor QK2By a road PWMk+ signal driving, metal-oxide-semiconductor
QK3With metal-oxide-semiconductor QK4Driven by the complementary PWMK- signal in another road, diode DK1-DK4Rise buffer action it is ensured that electric current unidirectional
Flowing；Wherein, K=1 ..., M.
Described every one-level LC resonant transform circuit, under the complementary pwm signal of two states drives, is operated in charging respectively
State and discharge condition；
Described charged state be when prime LC resonant transform circuit with when prime set of cells in parallel, resonance circuit is from set of cells
In obtain energy；
Described discharge condition is when the resonant transformation of prime LC is in parallel with the minimum battery cell of voltage in next stage set of cells,
Cell obtains energy from resonance circuit；
When the frequency of pwm signal is equal to the natural resonance frequency of LC resonant transformation, realize Zero Current Switch equilibrium.
A kind of control method of the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of deinterleaving block, comprises the following steps：
(1) obtain battery cell voltage：Microcontroller obtains the voltage of each battery cell in K+1 level battery module；
(2) judge voltage：Microcontroller, according to the battery cell voltage obtaining, determines minimum in K+1 level battery module
The corresponding battery cell of monomer voltage is numbered, and the maximum monomer voltage of calculating is poor, if its difference is more than the battery balanced threshold value setting,
Then start K level equalizing circuit；
(3) gate battery：Microcontroller passes through address decoding circuitry control selections switch module, by K+1 level battery mould
In block, the corresponding battery cell of minimum voltage gates to the outfan of K level LC resonant transform circuit；
(4) energy transmission：Four metal-oxide-semiconductors controlling K level LC resonant transformation make LC resonant transformation alternation charge
With electric discharge two states, first stage energy from K level battery module flow into resonance circuit store, second stage energy from
K level LC resonant transform circuit flows into the corresponding battery cell of minimum voltage in K+1 level battery module, thus realizing energy
Constantly transmit.
In described step (4), when two metal-oxide-semiconductor conductings of K level LC resonant transform circuit input, K level battery
Module charges to K level LC resonant transformation；When two metal-oxide-semiconductor conductings of K level LC resonant transform circuit outfan, K level
LC resonant transformation charges to the minimum battery cell of voltage in K+1 level battery module, with the filling of K level LC resonant transformation,
Discharge process is it is achieved that energy transfers to the minimum battery cell of voltage in K+1 level battery module from K level battery module；
When the PWM frequency that microcontroller sends is equal to the natural resonance frequency of K level LC resonant transformation, realize Zero Current Switch equal
Weighing apparatus.
The operation principle of the present invention, taking K level and K+1 level battery module as a example illustrates：
Microcontroller judges that the corresponding battery cell of K+1 level battery module minimum voltage is numbered, and ground is passed through in general purpose I/O end
Location decoding circuit control selections switch module, the minimum battery cell of voltage in K+1 level battery module is gated to K level LC
The outfan of resonant transform circuit；The total voltage of K level battery module is as the input of K level LC resonant transformation；Micro-control simultaneously
Device processed sends a pair of complementary pwm signal of state and controls K level LC resonant transformation so as to alternation is in charging and discharging two
State.First stage energy flows into resonance circuit from K level battery module and stores, and second stage energy is humorous from K level LC
The translation circuit that shakes flows into the corresponding battery cell of minimum voltage in K+1 level battery module, thus realizing the continuous transmission of energy.
Especially, when the PWM frequency that microcontroller sends is equal to the natural resonance frequency of K level LC resonant transformation, it is possible to achieve zero
Current switch equalizes, and equalizes that to be all energy transfer to K+1 level battery module voltage from K level battery module every time
Low battery cell, when overcoming traditional Pack to Cell equalizing circuit set of cells to battery cell charge balancing, also can be right
The problem of this battery cell electric discharge, improves net euqalizing current, and is capable of under conditions of additionally not increasing equalizer
Equilibrium between module and module, effectively improve the concordance of whole set of cells.
Beneficial effects of the present invention：
(1) circuit structure of the present invention ensures that each equilibrium is all that energy transfers to K+1 level battery from K level battery module
The minimum battery cell of voltage in module, overcomes traditional Pack to Cell equalizing circuit and works as set of cells to battery cell charging
During equilibrium, also can effectively increase net euqalizing current and equalization efficiency to the problem of this battery cell electric discharge.
(2) compared with the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of traditional modular, the equilibrium of the deinterleaving block of the present invention is opened up
Flutter and be capable of equilibrium between module and module under conditions of additionally not increasing equalizer, effectively improve whole set of cells
Concordance.
(3) equilibrium is all that energy transfers to the minimum electricity of voltage K+1 level battery module from K level battery module every time
Pond monomer, that is, that the equilibrium of battery cell is obtained with larger equalizing voltage is poor for set of cells, effectively overcomes Cell to Cell
Due to power electronic devices, equalizing circuit has that conduction voltage drop is difficult to zero-voltage difference between battery cell.
(4) due to LC resonant transformation it is achieved that Zero Current Switch equilibrium, greatly reduce energy dissipation.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is the composition schematic diagram of the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of deinterleaving block of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the K level LC resonant transform circuit catenation principle figure of the present invention；
Fig. 3 be one embodiment of the present of invention LC resonant transform circuit catenation principle figure, wherein battery module number and
Battery cell number in each module is 2；
Fig. 4 is the fundamental diagram of the LC resonant transformation charged state of one embodiment of the present of invention；
Fig. 5 is the fundamental diagram of the LC resonant transformation discharge condition of one embodiment of the present of invention；
Fig. 6 is that the LC resonant transformation of one embodiment of the present of invention is in charging and discharging currents i and electric capacity under resonant condition
Voltage VCPrinciple oscillogram；
Fig. 7 is the portfolio effect figure under the electrokinetic cell resting state of one embodiment of the present of invention.
Specific embodiment：
The present invention will be further described with embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings：
As Figure 1-Figure 2, be a kind of deinterleaving block Pack to Cell equalizing circuit, including microcontroller,
Location decoding circuit, LC resonant transformation, power battery pack, selecting switch module and filter capacitor.Set of cells is divided into M battery mould
Block, each battery module comprises N number of battery cell, and that is, total battery cell is M*N.Wherein K level battery module connects K
The input of level LC resonant transform circuit, the outfan of K level LC resonant transform circuit connects K+1 by selecting switch module
The battery cell of level battery module；Wherein K+1 level battery module connects the input of K+1 level LC resonant transform circuit, K
The outfan of+1 grade of LC resonant transform circuit connects the battery cell of K+2 level battery module by selecting switch module；With this
Analogize, afterbody battery module is the input that M level battery module connects M level LC resonant transform circuit, M level LC is humorous
The outfan of translation circuit of shaking connects the battery cell of the 1st grade of battery module by selecting switch module, above is the present invention
The staggered topological structure of equalizing circuit.
Microcontroller connects M*N battery cell by voltage checking chip, is connected by drive circuit and controls LC resonance
Translation circuit, microcontroller connects selecting switch module drive end by address decoding circuitry.
The input of every one-level LC resonant transform circuit and outfan are parallel with a filter capacitor；For high frequency is handed over
Stream current filtering becomes unidirectional current, with the less infringement to battery.
Microcontroller includes pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output part and general purpose I/O end, and wherein general purpose I/O end is divided into two
Part；
A part of port at general purpose I/O end is connected with battery cell by voltage checking chip, for by the mould of battery cell
Intend voltage signal and be converted into digital signal, so that it is determined that the corresponding numbering of the minimum battery cell of voltage in every one-level set of cells；
Voltage checking chip is used for detecting each monomer voltage of battery, and voltage checking chip adopts the LTC6803-1 of Linear Tech special
Use voltage checking chip.
Another part port at general purpose I/O end is connected with selecting switch module by address decoding circuitry, each for gating
Level set of cells in the minimum battery cell of voltage, selecting switch module by when the outfan of prime LC resonant transform circuit connect to
The minimum battery cell of voltage in next stage set of cells.Outfan as K level LC resonant transform circuit connects to K+1 level electricity
The minimum battery cell of voltage in the module of pond；The outfan of K+1 level LC resonant transform circuit connects to (K+2) level set of cells
The minimum battery cell of middle voltage；The outfan of M level LC resonant transform circuit connects minimum to voltage in the 1st grade of set of cells
Battery cell, that is, realize staggered topological structure；
Pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output part connects every one-level LC resonant transform circuit by drive circuit, for producing
The control drive signal of raw metal-oxide-semiconductor switch.
Every one-level LC resonant transform circuit, including four metal-oxide-semiconductors, four diodes and inductance, an electric capacity, with the
As a example 1 grade of LC resonant transform circuit, one end of wherein input connects a metal-oxide-semiconductor Q11Series diode D11Afterwards, two are connected
Branch road, a branch road series connection metal-oxide-semiconductor Q13With diode D13, another road series inductance L10With electric capacity C10, the other end of input is anti-
Meet diode D12Connect metal-oxide-semiconductor Q12Connect two branch roads afterwards, a road connects electric capacity C10The other end, another road reversal connection diode
D14Connect metal-oxide-semiconductor Q afterwards14.Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q in described LC resonant transform circuit11And Q12Driven by a road PWM1+ signal, metal-oxide-semiconductor Q13
And Q14Driven by the complementary PWM1- signal in another road, diode D11-D14Play buffer action it is ensured that the one-way flow of electric current.
Every one-level LC resonant transformation, under the complementary pwm signal of two states drives, is operated in two shapes of charging and discharging
State.
Charged state be when the resonant transformation of prime LC with when the both positive and negative polarity of prime set of cells in parallel, resonance circuit is from set of cells
In obtain energy, as in parallel with the both positive and negative polarity of K level battery module in K level LC resonant transformation, energy is from K level battery module stream
Enter K level LC resonant transform circuit.
Discharge condition is the monomer when the resonant transformation of prime LC is in parallel with the minimum battery cell of voltage in next stage set of cells
Battery obtains energy from resonance circuit.As K level LC resonant transformation and the minimum battery list of voltage in K+1 level battery module
Body is in parallel, and energy flows into the minimum battery cell of voltage K+1 set of cells from K level LC resonant transform circuit.
Especially, when the PWM frequency that microcontroller sends is equal to the natural resonance frequency of LC resonant transformation, it is possible to achieve
Zero Current Switch equalizes (energy transmission).
A kind of above-mentioned control method based on staggered Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of application, with K level and K+1 level electricity
Illustrate as a example the module of pond, comprise the following steps：
(1) obtain battery cell voltage：Microcontroller, by analog-to-digital conversion module, obtains each list of K+1 level battery module
Bulk voltage；
(2) judge voltage：Microcontroller, according to the battery cell voltage obtaining, determines minimum in K+1 level battery module
The corresponding battery cell of monomer voltage is numbered, and calculates maximum monomer voltage poor, if its difference, more than battery balanced threshold value, starts
K level equalizing circuit；
(3) gate battery：Microcontroller passes through address decoding circuitry control selections switch module, by K+1 level battery mould
In block, the corresponding battery cell of minimum voltage gates to the outfan of K level LC resonant transform circuit；
(4) energy transmission：Four metal-oxide-semiconductors controlling K level LC resonant transformation make LC resonant transformation alternation charge
With electric discharge two states, first stage energy from K level battery module flow into resonance circuit store, second stage energy from
K level LC resonant transform circuit flows into the corresponding battery cell of minimum voltage in K+1 level battery module, thus realizing energy
Constantly transmit.
In described step (4), when two metal-oxide-semiconductor conductings of K level LC resonant transform circuit input, K level battery
Module charges to K level LC resonant transformation；When two metal-oxide-semiconductor conductings of K level LC resonant transform circuit outfan, K level
LC resonant transformation charges to the minimum battery cell of voltage in K+1 level battery module, with the filling of K level LC resonant transformation,
Discharge process is it is achieved that energy transfers to the minimum battery cell of voltage in K+1 level battery module from K level battery module.
When the PWM frequency that microcontroller sends is equal to the natural resonance frequency of K level LC resonant transformation, it is possible to achieve Zero Current Switch
Equilibrium.
Embodiment one：
As Fig. 3-Fig. 7, it is Pack to Cell equalizing circuit and the control method embodiment of a kind of deinterleaving block.Assume
Number of modules M of set of cells is 2, and in each battery module, battery cell number N is also 2.And assume B21For second level battery mould
The minimum battery cell of voltage in block.So that first order battery module is to the equilibrium of second level battery module as a example illustrate.
Digital Signal Processing DSP (TMS320F28335) selected by the microcontroller of equalizing circuit, has high-precision AD sampling
With PWM output；Multi-channel gating switch selects CD4051, is single digital control simulant electronic switch of 8 passages, has A, B and C tri- two
System control signal and EN totally 4 inputs, have low conduction impedance and very low cut-off leakage current；Voltage checking chip is adopted
Measure the voltage that chip measures every batteries in set of cells in real time with the LTC6803-1 specialized voltages of Linear Tech.
Selecting switch module is from the relay with a pair of normally opened contact, its model HJR 1-2C L-05V, such as Fig. 2
In (S(K+1)i+、S(K+1)i-) (i=1,2,3 ..., n) it is a pair of normal open switch.Microcontroller passes through a multi-channel gating switch
CD4051 controls its conducting or closes.
LC resonance circuit is by four metal-oxide-semiconductor Q11-Q14, four diode D11-D14With an inductance L10, an electric capacity C10Group
Become.Wherein, Q11、Q12、D11、D12With L10、C10Constitute charge circuit；Q13、Q14、D13、D14With L10、C10Constitute discharge loop.Q11
Source electrode, D12Negative pole be connected with set of cells both positive and negative polarity；D13Negative pole, Q14The source electrode outfan with LC resonance circuit respectively
Positive and negative electrode is connected.Diode D11-D14Play the effect of isolation.Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q11-Q14Mutual by a pair of state from microcontroller DSP
The pwm signal mended drives, wherein Q11And Q12Driven by a road PWM1+ signal, Q13And Q14By the complementary PWM1- of another line state
Signal drives.Work as Q11And Q12Conducting, Q13And Q14During shutoff, LC resonance circuit is operated in charged state；Work as Q13And Q14Conducting, Q11
And Q12During shutoff, LC resonance circuit is operated in discharge condition.So, can achieve energy by the continuous charge and discharge of LC resonance circuit
Amount is transferred to the minimum battery cell of voltage from first order battery module, especially, when the PWM frequency that microcontroller sends is equal to
During the natural resonance frequency of LC quasi-resonance circuit, realize Zero Current Switch equilibrium.
First, microcontroller, by analog-to-digital conversion module, obtains each monomer voltage of electrokinetic cell, so that it is determined that minimum monomer
Voltage and corresponding battery cell numbering, and judge whether maximum voltage difference is more than battery balanced threshold value 0.02V, if more than,
Start equalizing circuit, and pass through coding chip CD4051 gating switch module (S21+、S21-) and keep its conducting state up to this
Secondary equilibrium terminates, by battery cell B minimum for voltage21Gate to the outfan of first order LC resonance circuit.
Under equilibrium state, microprocessor controls LC resonance circuit makes its alternation in two states of charging and discharging,
Thus realizing the continuous transmission of energy.
As shown in figure 4, working as Q11And Q12During conducting, Q13And Q14Turn off, LC resonance circuit is in parallel with first order battery module.
First order battery module, inductance L10With electric capacity C10Form a resonant tank, now to electric capacity C10Charge, resonance current i is
Just, electric capacity C10The voltage V at two endscBegin to ramp up until resonance current i is changed into negative value, as seen from Figure 6, VcDelayed resonance electricity
The stream i a quarter cycle, and waveform is sine wave.This moment, due to Q13And Q14It is off state, battery cell B21
Open circuit, so flow into B21Electric current iB21It is zero；Because filter capacitor C11It is connected in parallel on battery module two ends no other discharge loops,
So the resonance current i flowing into LC is the electric current i flowing out set of cellsbat, and rated current flows out battery cell/set of cells
Shi Weizheng, therefore can get the battery pack current i of working condition I as shown in Figure 6batAnd B21Electric current iB21Waveform.
As shown in figure 5, working as Q13And Q14During conducting, Q11And Q12Turn off, LC resonance circuit passes through selecting switch module (S21+、
S21-) the battery cell B minimum with voltage21In parallel.B21、L10And C10Form a resonant tank, now electric capacity C10Electric discharge, humorous
The electric current i that shakes is negative, electric capacity C10The voltage V at two endscBegin to decline until resonance current i be changed on the occasion of.Because set of cells is in out
Line state, thus flows out the electric current i of set of cellsBatIt is zero；This moment resonance current i is exactly B simultaneously21Charging current, therefore may be used
Obtain the battery pack current i as shown in Fig. 6 state IIBatAnd B21Electric current iB21Waveform.
As shown in fig. 6, the LC resonant transformation obtaining for experiment is in charging and discharging currents i and capacitance voltage under resonant condition
VCExperimental waveform figure.
It is illustrated in figure 7 the portfolio effect figure under the electrokinetic cell resting state of the present embodiment.Each battery list in set of cells
The initial voltage of body is respectively VB11=3.125V, VB12=3.000V, VB21=3.150V, VB22=3.200V.Maximum voltage difference
It is more than 0.02V for 0.2V, then start equalizing circuit, be the 2nd grade of LC resonant transformation first to the B in the 1st grade of battery module12All
Weighing apparatus, after 7.1s, switches to the 1st grade of LC resonant transformation to the B in the 2nd grade of battery module21Equilibrium, after about 1.06s it is achieved that
In set of cells, the zero-voltage difference equilibrium of each battery cell is it was demonstrated that the effectiveness of this equalizing circuit.
Although the above-mentioned accompanying drawing that combines is described to the specific embodiment of the present invention, not model is protected to the present invention
The restriction enclosed, one of ordinary skill in the art should be understood that on the basis of technical scheme, and those skilled in the art are not
Need to pay the various modifications that creative work can make or deformation still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a kind of Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of deinterleaving block, is characterized in that, including microcontroller, address decoding electricity
Road, M level LC resonant transform circuit, selecting switch module, filter capacitor and power battery pack；Power battery pack is divided into M level electricity
Pond module, every grade of battery module comprises N number of battery cell；Wherein K level battery module connects K level LC resonant transform circuit
Input, the outfan of K level LC resonant transform circuit connects the battery list of K+1 level battery module by selecting switch module
Body, by that analogy, M level battery module connects the input of M level LC resonant transform circuit, M level LC resonant transform circuit
Outfan connect the battery cell of the 1st grade of battery module by selecting switch module；
Described microcontroller is connected with each battery cell and every one-level LC resonant transform circuit respectively；Described every one-level LC is humorous
Shake the input of translation circuit and outfan parallel filtering electric capacity respectively；
Described microcontroller judges that the corresponding battery cell of K+1 level battery module minimum voltage is numbered, by selecting switch mould
Block, the minimum battery cell of voltage in K+1 level battery module is gated to the outfan of K level LC resonant transform circuit；K
The total voltage of level battery module is as the input of K level LC resonant transform circuit；Meanwhile, microprocessor controls K level LC resonance
Translation circuit alternation is in two states of charging and discharging；
Described K level LC resonant transform circuit includes：One end of input is sequentially connected in series metal-oxide-semiconductor QK1With diode DK1Afterwards, connect
Two branch roads, one of branch road is sequentially connected in series metal-oxide-semiconductor QK3With diode DK3, another branch road be sequentially connected in series inductance LK0And electricity
Hold CK0One end；The other end of input is sequentially connected in series backward diode DK2With metal-oxide-semiconductor QK2Afterwards, two branch roads of connection, wherein one
Individual branch road connects electric capacity CK0The other end, another branch road be sequentially connected in series backward diode DK4With metal-oxide-semiconductor QK4, wherein, K=
1 ..., M；Described electric capacity CK0One end and the other end be electric capacity CK0Two ends；
Metal-oxide-semiconductor Q in described K level LC resonant transform circuitK1With metal-oxide-semiconductor QK2By a road PWMK+ signal driving, metal-oxide-semiconductor QK3With
Metal-oxide-semiconductor QK4Driven by the complementary PWMK- signal in another road, diode DK1-DK4Play buffer action it is ensured that the one-way flow of electric current；
Wherein, K=1 ..., M.
2. a kind of Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of deinterleaving block as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described micro-control
Device processed includes pulse width modulation (PWM) signal output part and general purpose I/O end, and wherein general purpose I/O end is divided into two parts；
Voltage checking chip connecting single batteries are passed through at described general purpose I/O end, for changing the analog voltage signal of battery cell
Become digital signal, so that it is determined that the minimum battery cell of voltage corresponding battery cell numbering, described electricity in every one-level set of cells
Pressure detection chip is used for detecting the voltage of battery cell.
3. a kind of Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of deinterleaving block as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described pulse
Width modulated pwm signal outfan connects every one-level LC resonant transform circuit by the drive circuit of metal-oxide-semiconductor, for producing control
The drive signal of metal-oxide-semiconductor switch.
4. a kind of Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of deinterleaving block as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described general
IO end is connected with selecting switch module also by address decoding circuitry, for gating the minimum battery of voltage in every one-level set of cells
Monomer, during selecting switch module will connect to next stage set of cells when the outfan of prime LC resonant transform circuit, voltage is minimum
Battery cell.
5. a kind of Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of deinterleaving block as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, described each
Level LC resonant transform circuit, under the complementary pwm signal of two states drives, is operated in charged state and discharge condition respectively；
Described charged state be when prime LC resonant transform circuit with when prime set of cells in parallel, described resonant transform circuit is from electricity
Chi Zuzhong obtains energy；
Described discharge condition is the monomer when the resonant transformation of prime LC is in parallel with the minimum battery cell of voltage in next stage set of cells
Battery obtains energy from described resonant transform circuit；
When the frequency of pwm signal is equal to the natural resonance frequency of LC resonant transformation, realize Zero Current Switch equilibrium.
6. the control method of the Pack to Cell equalizing circuit of a kind of deinterleaving block as claimed in claim 1, its feature
It is to comprise the following steps：
（1）Obtain battery cell voltage：Microcontroller obtains the voltage of each battery cell in K+1 level battery module；（2）Sentence
Power-off pressure：Microcontroller, according to the battery cell voltage obtaining, determines that in K+1 level battery module, minimum monomer voltage is corresponding
Battery cell is numbered, and calculates maximum monomer voltage poor, if its difference, more than the battery balanced threshold value setting, starts K level equal
Weighing apparatus circuit；
（3）Gating battery：Microcontroller passes through address decoding circuitry control selections switch module, by K+1 level battery module
The corresponding battery cell of minimum voltage gates to the outfan of K level LC resonant transform circuit；
（4）Energy transmission：Four metal-oxide-semiconductors controlling K level LC resonant transformation make LC resonant transformation alternation charge and put
Electric two states, when two metal-oxide-semiconductor conductings of K level LC resonant transform circuit input, K level battery module gives K level
LC resonant transformation is charged；When two metal-oxide-semiconductor conductings of K level LC resonant transform circuit outfan, K level LC resonant transformation is given
The battery cell that in K+1 level battery module, voltage is minimum charges, and with the charge and discharge process of K level LC resonant transformation, realizes
Energy transfers to the minimum battery cell of voltage in K+1 level battery module from K level battery module；When microcontroller sends
PWM frequency be equal to K level LC resonant transformation natural resonance frequency when, realize Zero Current Switch equilibrium.
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| CN105006964B (en) * | 2015-07-02 | 2018-05-18 | 北京交通大学 | A kind of more electric mean pressure resonant zero Sofe Switch DC-DC converters |
| WO2017132529A1 (en) * | 2016-01-27 | 2017-08-03 | The University Of Toledo | A bilevel equalizer for battery cell charge management |
| CN109617161B (en) * | 2018-12-14 | 2022-04-22 | 西南交通大学 | Quasi-resonance staggered switch capacitor battery equalization circuit and control method thereof |
| CN111786036A (en) * | 2019-04-04 | 2020-10-16 | 纳恩博（北京）科技有限公司 | Battery system and vehicle |
| EP4181374A4 (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2023-08-16 | Huawei Digital Power Technologies Co., Ltd. | Transformation circuit and related electronic device |
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| CN102222957A (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2011-10-19 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Automatic battery capacity equalization circuit and implementing method thereof |
| CN102420447A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2012-04-18 | 上海交通大学 | Charging and discharging compound type automatic equalizing circuit for serially-connected battery pack and equalizing method |
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| CN203840033U (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-09-17 | 山东大学 | Cells to cells equalization circuit based on switch matrix and LC resonant conversion |
| CN203859563U (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2014-10-01 | 山东大学 | Pack to Cell equalization circuit based on LC resonant conversion |
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| CN102222957A (en) * | 2011-06-21 | 2011-10-19 | 清华大学深圳研究生院 | Automatic battery capacity equalization circuit and implementing method thereof |
| CN102420447A (en) * | 2011-12-02 | 2012-04-18 | 上海交通大学 | Charging and discharging compound type automatic equalizing circuit for serially-connected battery pack and equalizing method |
| CN103532197A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-01-22 | 山东大学 | Power battery pack equalization circuit based on boost conversion and soft switching, and realization method |
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