CN107979133A - A kind of battery pack charging rapidly and efficiently passive equalization methods - Google Patents

A kind of battery pack charging rapidly and efficiently passive equalization methods Download PDF

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Publication number
CN107979133A
CN107979133A CN201711325228.8A CN201711325228A CN107979133A CN 107979133 A CN107979133 A CN 107979133A CN 201711325228 A CN201711325228 A CN 201711325228A CN 107979133 A CN107979133 A CN 107979133A
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Prior art keywords
voltage
battery pack
charging
battery
point
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CN201711325228.8A
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Chinese (zh)
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程志均
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Individual
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Individual
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Priority to CN201711325228.8A priority Critical patent/CN107979133A/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0013Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries acting upon several batteries simultaneously or sequentially
    • H02J7/0014Circuits for equalisation of charge between batteries
    • H02J7/0026
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02JCIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
    • H02J7/00Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries
    • H02J7/0029Circuit arrangements for charging or depolarising batteries or for supplying loads from batteries with safety or protection devices or circuits
    • H02J7/00302Overcharge protection
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of battery pack charging rapidly and efficiently passive equalization methods.By microcontroller or voltage management chip set battery pack often go here and there the balanced cut-in voltage point of battery core, equilibrium solution except electrical voltage point, overcharge protection electrical voltage point, charging recovers electrical voltage point, the logical relation of this four electrical voltage points is:Equilibrium solution overcharges protection electrical voltage point V4 except electrical voltage point V1≤equilibrium cut-in voltage point V2 < chargings recover electrical voltage point V3 <; during charging to battery pack; due to V1≤V2 < V3 < V4; with the rise of charging process voltage; each string battery core equalizing circuit turns on gradually, equally loaded energization work;When charging stops, each equally loaded will work on, until often the voltage of string battery core is all reduced to V1, equilibrium solution removes.Charged using the present invention to battery pack, can ensure that the voltage of every a string of battery cores after each charging complete is equal to V1, ensured the uniformity of battery core voltage after each charging, be conducive to extend the cycle life of battery pack.

Description

A kind of battery pack charging rapidly and efficiently passive equalization methods
Technical field
The invention belongs to field of batteries, and in particular to a kind of battery pack charging rapidly and efficiently passive equalization methods.
Background technology
The charging of existing lithium battery industry battery pack, generally carries out its own to overcharge protection using metal-oxide-semiconductor or relay, I.e. when phenomenon occurs overcharging in the voltage of any string in each string battery core in battery pack, metal-oxide-semiconductor or relay work, disconnect lithium electricity The charging circuit in pond, lithium battery is protected with this.But battery pack is all in series by some economize on electricity cores, wherein a string Although battery core reaches protection voltage, and other each string battery cores not yet reach protection voltage.Its result is exactly that battery pack overcharges protection And when stopping charging, the voltage of each string battery core is not consistent inside battery pack, not only without full electricity, is also greatly reduced battery pack Service life;Alternatively, nowadays also there is percentage of batteries bag to employ 20mA(Such as electric bicycle)Or 100mA(Such as electric automobile) The passive balancing technique of low current of left and right, but this technology due to heat dissipation effect it is poor, it is impossible to set the euqalizing current of bigger, it is balanced Ability very little;And after charge protection starts, charge circuit disconnects, it will not recover to charge again, this allows for euqalizing current Working time it is very of short duration, further result in that portfolio effect is bad, the battery pack cycle life after final group bag well below The cycle life of battery core, current industry general level are about before group bag:Battery pack cycle life < battery core cycle lives 60%。
The content of the invention
The defects of in order to overcome above-mentioned traditional lithium battery group, the present invention is intended to provide a kind of charging of battery pack rapidly and efficiently by Dynamic equalization methods, realize that the voltage of internal all battery cores after battery pack charging complete is completely the same, can not only lift battery pack Electricity, moreover it is possible to greatly prolong battery pack cycle life;To realize above-mentioned technical purpose and the technique effect, the present invention is logical Cross following technical scheme realization.
A kind of battery pack charging rapidly and efficiently passive equalization methods, protected mode and lithium battery are overcharged by cross lithium battery Balanced mode is combined, it specifically includes following steps.
Step 1)Build double-pipe type pattern
Overcharge protected mode:By n branch battery cores(4)The battery pack being in series(1)Major loop in set a battery protection Switch(6), by the battery protection switch(6)With one piece of voltage acquisition chip(5)Overcharge output pin connection, then will described in Voltage acquisition chip(5)N voltage sense pin prop up the battery core with corresponding n respectively(4)Connection;
Balanced mode:In the battery pack(1)Bypass in, n is propped up into the battery core(4)It is corresponding with one piece respectively to open equal chip (2)The connection of voltage acquisition pin, then equal chip will be opened described in every piece(2)The homogeneous corresponding equally loaded of output pin (3)Connection, finally by every piece of equally loaded(3)It is close to a module radiator(7)On;
Step 2)Setting overcharges protection point, charging recovery point, balanced opening point, equilibrium solution and removes point;
Pass through the voltage acquisition chip(5)A magnitude of voltage V4 is set, magnitude of voltage V4 is to overcharge protection point;
Pass through the voltage acquisition chip(5)A magnitude of voltage V3 is set, magnitude of voltage V3 is the recovery point that charges;
Equal chip is opened by described(2)Another magnitude of voltage V2 is set, magnitude of voltage V2 is balanced opening point;
Equal chip is opened by described(2)Another magnitude of voltage V1 is set, magnitude of voltage V1 is that equilibrium solution removes point;
Wherein, V1≤V2 < V3 < V4;
Step 3)In the battery pack(1)When being charged, the voltage acquisition chip(5)Equal chip is opened with described(2)At the same time To the battery pack(1)Each string lithium cell(4)Voltage gathered in real time;
Step 4)When certain a string or a few strings battery core(4)Voltage be raised to it is described when opening point V2, it is corresponding it is described open it is equal Chip(2)Triggering bypass is balanced so that the corresponding equally loaded(3)Start to work, to the battery pack(1)Carry out equal Weighing apparatus, the equally loaded(3)Pass through the radiator(7)Heat dissipation;Equally loaded(3)Different impedance values can be chosen, is adjusted equal The size of weighing apparatus electric current, realizes the equilibrium that battery pack is completed in customer's acceptable time range;
Step 5)When certain a string or a few strings battery core(4)Voltage reach or break through described in overcharge protection point V4 when, it is described Voltage acquisition chip(5)Start to work, trigger the li-ion cell protection switch(6)Disconnect, the battery pack(1)Stop filling immediately Electricity, bypasses equilibrium and continues at this time;
Step 6)As bypass equilibrium continues, when the battery pack(1)In the often string battery core(4)Voltage reduce To charging below the recovery point V3, the li-ion cell protection switch(6)Restore, charging circuit conducting, the battery pack(1)After Continuous charging;
Step 7)Automatic cycle operating procedure 5)With step 6), the battery core(4)Often string bypass equilibrium will all enter work shape State;
Step 8)Charging stops, the battery core(4)Often string bypass equilibrium work on, until often string voltage be all reduced to V1, It is balanced wholly off.The battery pack(1)Often string battery core(4)Magnitude of voltage be unified for V1 values;
Preferably, for ternary lithium battery, the magnitude of voltage for overcharging protection point is V4=4.2V, the electricity of the charging recovery point Pressure value is V3=4.17V, and the magnitude of voltage put of opening is V2=4.15V, and the magnitude of voltage that the equilibrium solution removes point is V1=4.12V. The core material that the setting of specific voltage parameter should be selected according to battery pack is different, sets different design parameters, should have and be beneficial to The preferably performance of battery core performance;
It is preferably, described that to open equal chip be lithium battery voltage managing chip or microcontroller;
Preferably, the li-ion cell protection switch is metal-oxide-semiconductor or relay;
Preferably, the radiator is fin-shaped radiator or refrigerant;
Preferably, the equally loaded is one kind in adding thermal resistance, PTC or NTC;
Compared with prior art, the beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The present invention devises a kind of battery pack charging rapidly and efficiently passive equalization methods, using double-pipe type pattern, i.e., battery balanced Management is combined with over-charging of battery conservative management.In battery pack charging process, when the voltage of certain branch battery core in battery pack reaches Open when putting, carry out balanced management to battery pack by equally loaded first, equally loaded fever, and carried out by radiator quick Heat dissipation;If the voltage of certain branch battery core continues to raise in battery pack, reach or breakthrough is overcharged when protecting point, li-ion cell protection switch (Metal-oxide-semiconductor or relay)Work immediately, directly disconnect the charging circuit of battery pack, battery pack is taken and overcharges protection.Using this The battery pack of invention management method, can make it possess the ability of equalization of more than 20 times more than tradition lithium battery group, can be effective Voltage is disassembled, separate module, can lift battery pack charge capacity and extend the battery cyclic service life.
Described above is only the general introduction of technical solution of the present invention, in order to better understand the technological means of the present invention, And can be practiced according to the content of specification, below with presently preferred embodiments of the present invention and coordinate attached drawing describe in detail as after. The embodiment of the present invention is shown in detail by following embodiments and its attached drawing.
Brief description of the drawings
Attached drawing described herein is used for providing a further understanding of the present invention, forms the part of the application, this hair Bright schematic description and description is used to explain the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings, scheme 1 is electrical block diagram of the invention.
Figure label explanation:1st, battery pack;2nd, equal chip is opened;3rd, equally loaded;4th, lithium cell;5th, voltage acquisition chip; 6th, li-ion cell protection switchs;7th, radiator.
Embodiment
It is below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with the embodiments, next that the present invention will be described in detail;
Shown in Figure 1, a kind of battery pack charging rapidly and efficiently passive equalization methods, protected mode and lithium are overcharged by lithium battery The balanced mode of battery is combined, and by taking ternary lithium cell as an example, it specifically includes following steps:
Step 1)Build double-pipe type pattern;
Overcharge protected mode:One li-ion cell protection is set in the major loop for the battery pack 1 being in series by 4 lithium cells 4 Switch 6,6 are switched by the li-ion cell protection(Metal-oxide-semiconductor or relay)Connect with the output pin that overcharges of one piece of voltage acquisition chip 5 Connect, then 4 voltage sense pins of the voltage acquisition chip 5 are connected with corresponding 4 lithium cells 4 respectively;
Balanced mode:In the bypass of the battery pack 1, equal chip 2 is opened by 4 lithium cells 4 are corresponding with one piece respectively The connection of voltage acquisition pin, then by the homogeneous corresponding equally loaded 3 of the output pin that equal chip 2 is opened described in every piece(Heating Resistance, PTC or NTC)Connection, is finally close to a module radiator 7 by every piece of equally loaded 3(Heat sink and refrigerant device) On;
Step 2)Setting overcharges protection point, charging recovery point, balanced opening point, equilibrium solution and removes point;
One magnitude of voltage V4 is set by the voltage acquisition chip 5, magnitude of voltage V4 is to overcharge protection point, such as V4=4.2V;
By the voltage acquisition chip 5 set a magnitude of voltage V3, magnitude of voltage V3 be charge recovery point, as V3= 4.17V;
The equal as balanced opening point of the setting of chip 2 another magnitude of voltage V2, magnitude of voltage V2 is opened by described, such as V2=4.15V;
The equal setting of chip 2 another magnitude of voltage V1 is opened by described, magnitude of voltage V1 is that equilibrium solution removes point, such as V1=4.12V;
Step 3)When the battery pack 1 is charged, the voltage acquisition chip 5 opens equal chip 2 at the same time to described with described The voltage of each lithium cell 4 of battery pack 1 is gathered in real time;
Step 4)When the voltage of a certain branch or a few Zhi Suoshu lithium cells 4 be raised to it is described open put when, it is corresponding described to open equal core The triggering bypass of piece 2 is big balanced so that the corresponding equally loaded 3 is started to work, and equilibrium is carried out to the battery pack 1, described The radiator 7 that equally loaded 3 passes through fin-shaped(Heat sink or refrigerant device)Heat dissipation;Equally loaded(3)It can choose different Impedance value, adjusts the size of euqalizing current, realizes the equilibrium that battery pack is completed in customer's acceptable time range;
Step 5)When overcharging protection point described in the arrival of the voltage of a certain branch or a few Zhi Suoshu lithium cells 4 or breakthrough, the electricity Pressure acquisition chip 5 is started to work, and triggers the li-ion cell protection switch 6(Metal-oxide-semiconductor or relay)Disconnect, the battery pack 1 with Stop charging, bypass big equilibrium at this time and continue;
Step 6)As bypass equilibrium continues, when the battery pack(1)In the often string battery core(4)Voltage reduce To charging below the recovery point V3, the li-ion cell protection switch(6)Restore, charging circuit conducting, the battery pack(1)After Continuous charging;
Step 7)Automatic cycle operating procedure 5)With step 6), the battery core(4)Often string bypass equilibrium will all enter work shape State, each battery core voltage of going here and there are both greater than V2;
Step 8)Charging stops, the battery core(4)Often string bypass equilibrium work on, until often string voltage be all reduced to V1, Equilibrium stops.The battery pack(1)Often string battery core(4)Magnitude of voltage be unified for V1 values;
The ability of equalization depends on the size of euqalizing current and the size of heat sink heat-sinking capability, test result indicates that, using this hair Bright battery pack exceedes more than 20 times of traditional lithium battery ability of equalization now;
The foregoing is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, is not intended to limit the invention, for those skilled in the art For member, the invention may be variously modified and varied.Any modification within the spirit and principles of the invention, being made, Equivalent substitution, improvement etc., should all be included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. a kind of battery pack charging rapidly and efficiently passive equalization methods, it is characterised in that setting equilibrium solution is except electrical voltage point V1≤ Weighing apparatus cut-in voltage point V2 < charging recoveries electrical voltage point V3 <, which are overcharged, protects electrical voltage point V4, each string battery core in battery pack in charging process Gradually continued, the abundant equilibrium of high current, respectively the voltage of string battery core keeps highly consistent in battery pack after charging complete;
The process to charge to battery pack, specifically includes following steps:
Step 1)Build double-pipe type pattern;
Overcharge protected mode:By n branch battery cores(4)The battery pack being in series(1)Major loop in set a battery protection Switch(6), by the battery protection switch(6)With one piece of voltage acquisition chip(5)Overcharge output pin connection, then will described in Voltage acquisition chip(5)N voltage sense pin prop up the battery core with corresponding n respectively(4)Connection;
Balanced mode:In the battery pack(1)Bypass in, n is propped up into the battery core(4)It is corresponding with one piece respectively to open equal chip (2)The connection of voltage acquisition pin, then equal chip will be opened described in every piece(2)The homogeneous corresponding equally loaded of output pin (3)Connection, finally by every piece of equally loaded(3)It is close to a module radiator(7)On;
Step 2)Setting overcharges protection point, charging recovery point, balanced opening point, equilibrium solution and removes point;
Pass through the voltage acquisition chip(5)A magnitude of voltage V4 is set, magnitude of voltage V4 is to overcharge protection point;
Pass through the voltage acquisition chip(5)A magnitude of voltage V3 is set, magnitude of voltage V3 is the recovery point that charges;
Equal chip is opened by described(2)A magnitude of voltage V2 is set, magnitude of voltage V2 is balanced opening point;
Equal chip is opened by described(2)A magnitude of voltage V1 is set, magnitude of voltage V1 is that equilibrium solution removes point;
Wherein, V1≤V2 < V3 < V4;
Step 3)In the battery pack(1)When being charged, the voltage acquisition chip(5)Equal chip is opened with described(2)At the same time To the battery pack(1)Each string lithium cell(4)Voltage gathered in real time;
Step 4)When certain a string or a few strings battery core(4)Voltage be raised to it is described when opening point V2, it is corresponding it is described open it is equal Chip(2)Triggering bypass is balanced so that the corresponding equally loaded(3)Start to work, to the battery pack(1)Carry out equal Weighing apparatus, the equally loaded(3)Pass through the radiator(7)Heat dissipation;Equally loaded(3)Different impedance values can be chosen, is adjusted equal The size of weighing apparatus electric current, realizes the equilibrium that battery pack is completed in customer's acceptable time range;
Step 5)When certain a string or a few strings battery core(4)Voltage reach or break through described in overcharge protection point V4 when, it is described Voltage acquisition chip(5)Start to work, trigger the li-ion cell protection switch(6)Disconnect, the battery pack(1)Stop filling immediately Electricity, bypasses equilibrium and continues at this time;
Step 6)As bypass equilibrium continues, when the battery pack(1)In the often string battery core(4)Voltage reduce To charging below the recovery point V3, the li-ion cell protection switch(6)Restore, charging circuit conducting, the battery pack(1)After Continuous charging;
Step 7)Automatically, periodic duty step 5)With step 6), the battery core(4)Often string bypass equilibrium all will gradually enter work Make state;
Step 8)Charging stops, the battery core(4)Often string bypass equilibrium work on, until often string voltage be all reduced to V1, Equilibrium stops, the battery pack(1)Often string battery core(4)Magnitude of voltage be unified for V1 values.
2. battery pack charge equalization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:By installing radiator(7)And choosing Take the equally loaded of different impedance values(3), the electric current of equalizing circuit can be increased substantially, so as in customer's acceptable In charging interval, the charge balancing of battery pack is rapidly and efficiently completed.
3. battery pack charge equalization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:It is described to open equal chip(2)Can also Identical function is realized with the mode of microcontroller setting magnitude of voltage.
4. battery pack charge equalization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The li-ion cell protection switch(6) For metal-oxide-semiconductor or relay.
5. battery pack charge equalization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The radiator(7)For heat sink Or refrigerant device.
6. battery pack charge equalization method according to claim 1, it is characterised in that:The equally loaded(3)For heating One kind in resistance, PTC or NTC.
CN201711325228.8A 2017-12-13 2017-12-13 A kind of battery pack charging rapidly and efficiently passive equalization methods Pending CN107979133A (en)

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Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108494060A (en) * 2018-05-09 2018-09-04 江苏上德电子科技有限公司 The balance control method of lithium-ions battery module
CN108631413A (en) * 2018-07-04 2018-10-09 樊朝晖 A kind of battery protecting apparatus and its method based on blocking type PTC
CN109599601A (en) * 2018-11-25 2019-04-09 程志均 A kind of lithium battery group with the higher ability of equalization
CN113098113A (en) * 2021-05-24 2021-07-09 淮北市千锂鸟新能源科技有限公司 Intelligent balancing method and device for series battery pack

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5818199A (en) * 1995-11-20 1998-10-06 Norand Corporation Current limited charging apparatus for lithium batteries or the like
CN101599658A (en) * 2009-04-22 2009-12-09 北京华大智宝电子系统有限公司 Lithium battery pack charge capacity equilibrium control method and protective device thereof
CN104967182A (en) * 2015-07-20 2015-10-07 苏州衡久电池科技有限公司 Fast balanced-type protection management method for two-wheeler lithium battery

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5818199A (en) * 1995-11-20 1998-10-06 Norand Corporation Current limited charging apparatus for lithium batteries or the like
CN101599658A (en) * 2009-04-22 2009-12-09 北京华大智宝电子系统有限公司 Lithium battery pack charge capacity equilibrium control method and protective device thereof
CN104967182A (en) * 2015-07-20 2015-10-07 苏州衡久电池科技有限公司 Fast balanced-type protection management method for two-wheeler lithium battery

Cited By (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108494060A (en) * 2018-05-09 2018-09-04 江苏上德电子科技有限公司 The balance control method of lithium-ions battery module
CN108631413A (en) * 2018-07-04 2018-10-09 樊朝晖 A kind of battery protecting apparatus and its method based on blocking type PTC
CN109599601A (en) * 2018-11-25 2019-04-09 程志均 A kind of lithium battery group with the higher ability of equalization
CN113098113A (en) * 2021-05-24 2021-07-09 淮北市千锂鸟新能源科技有限公司 Intelligent balancing method and device for series battery pack

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