CN107623343A - The active equalization method and device of a kind of lithium ion battery - Google Patents
The active equalization method and device of a kind of lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- CN107623343A CN107623343A CN201610559174.0A CN201610559174A CN107623343A CN 107623343 A CN107623343 A CN 107623343A CN 201610559174 A CN201610559174 A CN 201610559174A CN 107623343 A CN107623343 A CN 107623343A
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- battery core
- voltage
- single battery
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of active equalization method of lithium ion battery and device, is related to cell art, and methods described includes：Gather the voltage of each single battery core of lithium ion battery；According to the voltage of each single battery core of collection, judge whether the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is balanced；If judging, the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is unbalanced, and using external balanced power supply, single battery core to be equalized is charged, until electric voltage equalization.The present invention is that the software algorithm and control circuit of complexity are avoided by active equalization, it is possible to increase equalization efficiency.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to cell art, the active equalization method and device of more particularly to a kind of lithium ion battery.
Background technology
In current electrokinetic cell market, lithium ion battery occupies leading position gradually.No matter hybrid electric vehicle,
In plug-in electric car or pure electric vehicle, it is obtained for and is widely applied.
Due to the characteristic of lithium ion battery, battery unit and whole can be all caused when voltage is above or below allowed band
The damage or failure of individual battery pack.So to using vehicle of the Li-ion batteries piles as energy source, each battery unit
Voltage detecting is most important.
Allow to the voltage of each battery unit of accurate measurement, but because the parameter of every economize on electricity pool unit is when dispatching from the factory
The factor such as different internal resistances, varying environment temperature during nuance, and use, all may result in battery unit charging with
The difference of discharge rate.When they are cascaded composition battery pack, it is possible to occur " having percentage of batteries list in charging
Member is fully charged in advance, and percentage of batteries unit is discharged in advance when discharging " situation.If without equilibrium, battery will be made
Actual capacity has difference with marked capacity.Accumulate over a long period, may significantly lower the performance of whole battery pack.It is meanwhile automobile-used
Harsh, and the natural aging of lithium ion battery of environment, also results in battery cell capacity and changes, when using one section
Between after, it will have the available capacity of sub-fraction battery unit close to zero, cause to fail.
Therefore, in order to improve the life-span of whole battery pack, generally in battery management system (Battery Management
System, BMS) in add balancing technique so that battery can automatically judge the state of battery in use, pass through master
Dynamic or passive mode, the damage of battery on the balance of voltage of battery to same platform, will be slowed down, improve service life.
But passive equilibrium generally there are the problem of equalization efficiency is relatively low so that portfolio effect is very little, and actively
Weighing apparatus strategy needs more complicated software control algorithm again, improves the complexity of software and the possibility of control system failure.
The content of the invention
The technical problem that the technical scheme provided according to embodiments of the present invention solves is simply and efficiently to realize lithium-ion electric
The active equalization in pond.
A kind of active equalization method of the lithium ion battery provided according to embodiments of the present invention, including：
Gather the voltage of each single battery core of lithium ion battery；
According to the voltage of each single battery core of collection, judge whether the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is equal
Weighing apparatus；
If judging, the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is unbalanced, using external balanced power supply, treats
The single battery core of weighing apparatus is charged, until electric voltage equalization.
Preferably, the voltage of each single battery core according to collection, each electricity of the lithium ion battery is judged
Whether balanced step includes the voltage of core：
The difference of the voltage of any two single battery core, judges in voltage by calculating each single battery core gathered
Whether the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is balanced.
Preferably, if the voltage of each battery core for judging the lithium ion battery is unbalanced, external equilibrium is utilized
Power supply, the step of being charged to single battery core to be equalized, include：
According to the voltage of each single battery core of collection, single battery core to be equalized is determined；
By controlling the equalizing circuit of the single battery core to be equalized to turn on, the external balanced power supply is set to be treated to described
Balanced single battery core is charged, until electric voltage equalization.
Preferably, single battery core corresponding to the minimum voltage in the voltage of each single battery core gathered is defined as treating
Balanced single battery core.
Preferably, the equalizing circuit of the single battery core to be equalized is by the single battery core to be equalized, Balance route
Switches set and the external balanced power sources in series are formed.
The storage medium provided according to embodiments of the present invention, it stores the active equalization for realizing above-mentioned lithium ion battery
The program of method.
A kind of active equalization device of the lithium ion battery provided according to embodiments of the present invention, including：
Information acquisition module, the voltage of each single battery core for gathering lithium ion battery；
Balanced judge module, for the voltage of each single battery core according to collection, judge each of the lithium ion battery
Whether the voltage of individual battery core is balanced；
Balance processing module, if judging, the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is unbalanced, using it is external
Weighed power supply, and single battery core to be equalized is charged, until electric voltage equalization.
Preferably, any two list in voltage of the balanced judge module by calculating each single battery core gathered
The difference of the voltage of body battery core, judge whether the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is balanced.
Preferably, the balance processing module determines monomer to be equalized according to the voltage of each single battery core of collection
Battery core, by controlling the equalizing circuit of the single battery core to be equalized to turn on, the external balanced power supply is set to be treated to described
The single battery core of weighing apparatus is charged, until electric voltage equalization.
Preferably, the balance processing module is by corresponding to the minimum voltage in the voltage of each single battery core gathered
Single battery core is defined as single battery core to be equalized.
Preferably, the equalizing circuit of the single battery core to be equalized is by the single battery core to be equalized, Balance route
Switches set and the external balanced power sources in series are formed.
Technical scheme provided in an embodiment of the present invention has the advantages that：
The present invention is a kind of scheme of active equalization, can avoid the software algorithm and control circuit of complexity, is improved balanced
Efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the active equalization method block diagram of lithium ion battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 2 is the active equalization device block diagram of lithium ion battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure diagram of the active equalization of lithium ion battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention；
Fig. 4 is the equalizing circuit figure of lithium ion battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing to a preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail, it will be appreciated that described below is excellent
Select embodiment to be merely to illustrate and explain the present invention, be not intended to limit the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the active equalization method block diagram of lithium ion battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 1, step bag
Include：
Step S101：Gather the voltage of each single battery core of lithium ion battery.
Step S102：According to the voltage of each single battery core of collection, each battery core of the lithium ion battery is judged
Whether voltage is balanced.
As a kind of embodiment, any two single battery core in the voltage by calculating each single battery core gathered
Voltage difference, judge whether the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery balanced.Specifically, if any two list
The difference of the voltage of body battery core is respectively less than predetermined threshold value, then judges the electric voltage equalization of each battery core of the lithium ion battery, no
Then judge that the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is unbalanced.
As another embodiment, maximum voltage in voltage by calculating each single battery core gathered with most
Difference between small voltage, judge whether the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is balanced.Specifically, by institute
The voltage of each single battery core of collection is ranked up according to voltage swing, determines maximum voltage and minimum voltage, if maximum electricity
Pressure and the difference of minimum voltage are less than predetermined threshold value, then judge the electric voltage equalization of each battery core of the lithium ion battery, otherwise
Judge that the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is unbalanced.
Step S103：If judging, the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is unbalanced, utilizes external balanced electricity
Source, single battery core to be equalized is charged, until electric voltage equalization.
As a kind of embodiment, monomer electricity corresponding to small voltage is chosen from the voltage of each single battery core of collection
Core is as single battery core to be equalized, for example, single battery core corresponding to the voltage of predetermined threshold value smaller than maximum voltage is equal as treating
The single battery core of weighing apparatus, gradually control the equalizing circuit of the single battery core to be equalized to turn on, make the external balanced power supply pair
The single battery core to be equalized is charged, until electric voltage equalization.
As another embodiment, by monomer corresponding to the minimum voltage in the voltage of each single battery core gathered
Battery core is defined as single battery core to be equalized, controls corresponding Balance route switches set to close, makes by the monomer to be equalized
The equalizing circuit for the single battery core to be equalized that battery core, Balance route switches set and the external balanced power sources in series are formed is led
It is logical, so as to utilize external balanced power supply, single battery core to be equalized is charged.In monomer electricity corresponding to the minimum voltage
After core completes electric voltage equalization, the equalizing circuit is controlled to disconnect.Repeat step S101 and step S102, and judge the lithium from
The voltage of each battery core of sub- battery it is unbalanced still when, choose minimum voltage in the embodiment corresponding to single battery core enter
The processing of row electric voltage equalization.
The present embodiment is controlled when needing and opened accordingly by way of external energy source (i.e. external balanced power supply)
Close (the Balance route switches set of the equalizing circuit of single battery core i.e. to be equalized) and give cell (monomer electricity i.e. to be equalized
Core) charging, realize the equilibrium of series battery.
It should be noted that the external energy source (i.e. external balanced power supply) of the present embodiment is not involved in battery pack and externally supplied
Electricity, it is only used as balanced use.
Can be with it will appreciated by the skilled person that realizing that all or part of step in above-described embodiment method is
The hardware of correlation is instructed to complete by program, described program can be stored in computer read/write memory medium, should
Program upon execution, including step S101 to step S103.Wherein, described storage medium can be ROM/RAM, magnetic disc, light
Disk etc..
The embodiment of the present invention additionally provides a kind of active equalization device of lithium ion battery, and described device includes lithium-ion electric
Pond and the external balanced power supply for the balanced lithium ion battery, described device also include information gathering mould as shown in Figure 2
Block 11, balanced judge module 12, balance processing module 13.
Information acquisition module 11, the voltage of each single battery core for gathering lithium ion battery.
Balanced judge module 12, for the voltage of each single battery core according to collection, judge the lithium ion battery
Whether the voltage of each battery core is balanced.In the voltage that balanced judge module 12 can be by calculating each single battery core gathered
The difference of the voltage of any two single battery core, judge whether the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is balanced.Enter one
Step, maximum voltage and minimum in the voltage that balanced judge module 12 can also be by calculating each single battery core that gathered
Difference between voltage, judge whether the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is balanced.
Balance processing module 13, if judging, the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is unbalanced, using external
Balanced power supply, single battery core to be equalized is charged, until electric voltage equalization.Specifically, the basis of balance processing module 13
The voltage of each single battery core of collection, determines single battery core to be equalized, by controlling the single battery core to be equalized
Equalizing circuit turns on, and the external balanced power supply is charged the single battery core to be equalized, until electric voltage equalization.Example
Such as, single battery core corresponding to the minimum voltage in the voltage of each single battery core gathered is defined as by balance processing module 13
Single battery core to be equalized, turn on by the single battery core to be equalized, Balance route switches set and the external balanced power supply
The equalizing circuit for the single battery core to be equalized formed of connecting, so that external balanced power supply is carried out to single battery core to be equalized
Charging, it is final to realize equilibrium.
Fig. 3 is the circuit structure diagram of the active equalization of lithium ion battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 3, bag
Include：
Battery pack 21 (equivalent to the lithium ion battery described in Fig. 2 embodiments), it includes the single battery core of multiple series connection.
Monomer voltage measuring circuit 22 (i.e. battery voltage measurement circuit, realizes the function of Fig. 2 information acquisition module 11),
It gathers the voltage of each single battery core of battery pack 21.
Main control MCU 23 (realizes the control of the function and balance processing module 13 of the balanced judge module 12 described in Fig. 2 embodiments
Function processed), the voltage of its each single battery core gathered according to monomer voltage measuring circuit 22, determine whether to meet equilibrium
Condition, if meeting equilibrium condition, the corresponding Balance route switches set closure in control equalizer switch array 25, and it is equal realizing
After weighing apparatus, the corresponding Balance route switches set in control equalizer switch array 25 disconnects.
External connection battery bag 24 (equivalent to the external balanced power supply described in Fig. 2 embodiments), used for equilibrium.
Equalizer switch array 25 (equivalent to the Balance route switches set of each single battery core of Fig. 2 embodiments), it includes
Multiple Balance route switches sets, for any one Balance route switches set, it comprises at least two Balance routes and switched, wherein
One Balance route switch connects the positive pole of single battery core and the positive pole of external balanced power supply, the switch connection of another Balance route
The negative pole of the negative pole of single battery core and external balanced power supply.
The battery management system (BMS) that the present embodiment is applied in new-energy automobile or energy storage device it is battery balanced
Technology, main control MCU 23 can be controlled by BMS.
Fig. 4 is the equalizing circuit figure of lithium ion battery provided in an embodiment of the present invention, as shown in figure 4, B1, B2, B3, B4 are
The consistent single battery core of voltage in theory, they, which are chained together, forms target battery group, and P uses external when being balanced
Battery, can be obtained using more piece with target battery core identical cell parallel, the switch of certain battery core all the way is connected when Sxx is equilibrium
Array.
After BMS works on power, BMS gathers the voltage of each section single battery core in real time, by obtained data transfer to master
MCU23 is controlled, MCU23 judges whether the unbalanced situation of battery core voltage, it is assumed that reach the condition of threshold value setting, then take out most
The position of the battery core of low-voltage, the corresponding switch combination Sxx of the passage is closed, the battery core to minimum voltage is charged, simultaneously
Collecting part (i.e. monomer voltage measuring circuit 22) continues to monitor the voltage of battery core, when equalization operation reach the condition of setting with
Afterwards, switch is disconnected, is stopped balanced.For example, it is assumed that B1 cell voltages are relatively low to reach equilibrium condition, close S11 and S22 (S11 and
S22 is B1 Balance route switches set), while the switch of other passages is in the state disconnected, now P gives B1 to charge, when
Charging causes B1 voltage to bring up to after the threshold value for narrowing down to setting with the voltage of other batteries, disconnects S11 and S22, balanced
Terminate.
Because P can use the battery of Large Copacity, and comparatively equalization operation is not the process of a normality, so
Electricity in P can be used for a long time, and state can be monitored by BMS supervisory circuit, when P electricity is less
Wait, P can be charged when battery pack charges or safeguards, P is returned to original state.
Because lithium ion battery can be with very big multiplying power discharging, so electric current when balanced can reach very in theory
Greatly, can be with speed quickly by unbalanced battery recovery to the state consistent with other cell voltages.
The embodiment of the present invention is simple in construction, and active capacity usage ratio is high, is active equalization of battery scheme, can solve to fly
The problem of capacitance method equalization efficiency is limited is spent, euqalizing current can accomplish the maximum tolerance range of institute's connection member in theory.
In summary, embodiments of the invention have following technique effect：
The embodiment of the present invention is realized to series battery (i.e. lithium by an additional energy source (i.e. external balanced power supply)
Ion battery group) in corresponding battery (i.e. battery core) charged, so as to reach the purpose of active equalization Li-ion batteries piles,
Equalization efficiency is higher than passive balancing technique, and the complexity and circuit realiration of software control are compared to other active equalization technologies more
Simply.
Although the present invention is described in detail above, the invention is not restricted to this, those skilled in the art of the present technique
Various modifications can be carried out according to the principle of the present invention.Therefore, all modifications made according to the principle of the invention, all should be understood to
Fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
- A kind of 1. active equalization method of lithium ion battery, it is characterised in that including：Gather the voltage of each single battery core of lithium ion battery；According to the voltage of each single battery core of collection, judge whether the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is balanced；If judging, the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is unbalanced, using external balanced power supply, to be equalized Single battery core is charged, until electric voltage equalization.
- 2. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that the voltage of each single battery core according to collection, Judge that the whether balanced step of the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery includes：By calculating the difference of the voltage of any two single battery core in the voltage of each single battery core gathered, described in judgement Whether the voltage of each battery core of lithium ion battery is balanced.
- 3. according to the method for claim 1, it is characterised in that if each battery core for judging the lithium ion battery Voltage is unbalanced, then using external balanced power supply, the step of being charged to single battery core to be equalized includes：According to the voltage of each single battery core of collection, single battery core to be equalized is determined；By controlling the equalizing circuit of the single battery core to be equalized to turn on, make the external balanced power supply to described to be equalized Single battery core charged, until electric voltage equalization.
- 4. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that by the minimum in the voltage of each single battery core gathered Single battery core corresponding to voltage is defined as single battery core to be equalized.
- 5. according to the method for claim 3, it is characterised in that the equalizing circuit of the single battery core to be equalized is by described Single battery core, Balance route switches set and the external balanced power sources in series to be equalized is formed.
- A kind of 6. active equalization device of lithium ion battery, it is characterised in that including：Lithium ion battery and the external balanced power supply for the balanced lithium ion battery；Information acquisition module, the voltage of each single battery core for gathering lithium ion battery；Balanced judge module, for the voltage of each single battery core according to collection, judge each electricity of the lithium ion battery Whether the voltage of core is balanced；Balance processing module, if judging, the voltage of each battery core of the lithium ion battery is unbalanced, utilizes external balanced electricity Source, single battery core to be equalized is charged, until electric voltage equalization.
- 7. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the balanced judge module is gathered each by calculating The difference of the voltage of any two single battery core in the voltage of single battery core, judge the electricity of each battery core of the lithium ion battery Whether pressure is balanced.
- 8. device according to claim 6, it is characterised in that the balance processing module is electric according to each monomer of collection The voltage of core, single battery core to be equalized is determined, by controlling the equalizing circuit of the single battery core to be equalized to turn on, make institute State external balanced power supply to charge to the single battery core to be equalized, until electric voltage equalization.
- 9. device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the balance processing module is electric by each monomer gathered Single battery core corresponding to minimum voltage in the voltage of core is defined as single battery core to be equalized.
- 10. device according to claim 8, it is characterised in that the equalizing circuit of the single battery core to be equalized is by institute Single battery core to be equalized, Balance route switches set and the external balanced power sources in series is stated to be formed.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610559174.0A CN107623343A (en) | 2016-07-15 | 2016-07-15 | The active equalization method and device of a kind of lithium ion battery |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201610559174.0A CN107623343A (en) | 2016-07-15 | 2016-07-15 | The active equalization method and device of a kind of lithium ion battery |
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| CN201610559174.0A Pending CN107623343A (en) | 2016-07-15 | 2016-07-15 | The active equalization method and device of a kind of lithium ion battery |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN108306066A (en) * | 2018-02-07 | 2018-07-20 | 成都信息工程大学 | Active equalization control method between battery pack Nei Bao and packet |
| CN109031130A (en) * | 2018-05-31 | 2018-12-18 | 轻客智能科技（江苏）有限公司 | A kind of electricity calibration method and device |
| CN114649857A (en) * | 2022-05-19 | 2022-06-21 | 武汉理工大学 | Power battery pack active equalization system based on auxiliary power supply and use method |
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