CN108802336A - It is a kind of to be used to measure wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture device of nitrogen cycle - Google Patents
It is a kind of to be used to measure wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture device of nitrogen cycle Download PDFInfo
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- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 32
- 238000004172 nitrogen cycle Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 27
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 20
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 76
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 69
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 53
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 45
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 23
- 238000003287 bathing Methods 0.000 claims description 17
- 230000002572 peristaltic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005086 pumping Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011049 filling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 19
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 39
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 16
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 10
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 9
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 7
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 7
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 7
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- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000003643 water by type Substances 0.000 description 3
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910002092 carbon dioxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000208340 Araliaceae Species 0.000 description 1
- CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ozone Chemical compound [O-][O+]=O CBENFWSGALASAD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- 238000011534 incubation Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000008239 natural water Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 nitrogenous compound Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000000050 nutritive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 125000001477 organic nitrogen group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N33/00—Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of for measuring wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture device of nitrogen cycle, wetland soil columnar samples are obtained by the sampler barrel of reaction kettle internal layer, the chuck of reaction kettle outer layer is set on sampling drum outer wall and is connected to temperature control system, wetland soil columnar samples surface is filled with wetland surface water, wetland surface water distinguishes gentle body feed system, sampling system connection, and the cavity between wetland surface water and kettle top lid is connected with nutrition liquid supply system, nutrient solution discharge system respectively；The parameter probe a and parameter probe b of detecting system are plugged in respectively inside wetland surface water and in wetland soil columnar samples.The present invention can carry out all Multi-environment factors precisely to simulate and control, have many advantages, such as simulate effect it is good, it is repeatable it is strong, totally-enclosed pattern is pollution-free, sampling it is ingenious in design, can reliably and securely be used for wetland soil and earth's surface Water warfare polluted by nitrogen investigation and carry out wetland soil and water body nitrogen cycle Related Experimental Study.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to seashore wetland, Biogeochemistry technical fields, and in particular to one kind is net for measuring wetland
Change the stable state culture device of polluted by nitrogen efficiency and nitrogen cycle.
Background technology
Nitrogen cycle is to describe the object of the ecosystem of mutual transfer process between nitrogen simple substance and nitrogenous compound in nature
Matter recycles, and is the important component of Global Biogeochemical Cycle." activity " that the whole world is increased newly by mankind's activity every year
Nitrogen leads to global nitrogen cycle serious unbalance, and a series of environment such as cause body eutrophication, water acidification, greenhouse gas emission
Problem.In wetland soil nitrogen content and its Transport And Transformation process also significantly affect the structure and function of wetlands ecosystems with
And wetland productivity.Wetland nitrogen cycle includes that the synthesis, ammoniation, nitrification of muskeg or waters phytoplankton organic nitrogen are made
With a series of links such as, denitrification and nitrogen fixation.In half a century in past, by mankind's activity and Global climate change
Double influence, the nitrogen content in China waters (containing lake, river, ocean etc.) increases notable.By taking the Bohai Sea as an example, according to incomplete
Statistics, the past five, Bohai Sea dissolved Inorganic Nitrogen (DIN) content increased at least 10 times or more during the decade, this is significantly larger than in the world
Other marine sites (for example, Louisiana, United States offshore waters DIN contents only increase by 3 times or so), therefore, blowdown is denitrogenated
As very urgent environmental problem.
Wetland has extremely strong self-purification capacity and purifies the ability of sewage, is referred to as " kidney of the earth ".In recent years, Zhu Duoren
Work and natural wetland start to be attempted for sewage disposal system, because its have many advantages, such as it is cheap, environmentally protective, and can avoid
The defects of conventional sewage plants are costly, energy consumption is high, operational management is complicated is increasingly becoming a kind of efficient blowdown and removes
Nitrogen method is more and more paid attention to by scientific research personnel and government department.It is important to note, however, that there has been no very bright at present
The removal efficiency of true method investigation and when assessing nitrogenous water body and flowing through wetland soil, soil and its microorganism to nitrogen；And
And also lack suitable method to many biochemical reactions, the microbial action machine that are occurred in purification process and nitrogen cycle
Reason carries out systematic Study.
Nitrogen cycle can not only influence the structure, function, stabilization and health of the ecosystem in wetland, but also to a certain degree
On decide the evolution directions of wetlands ecosystems, while it is a series of complete with global warming, depletion of the ozone layer and acid deposition etc.
Ball environmental problem is closely bound up, therefore is the important research field of global change research due；How wetland purification capability service is utilized
It is various countries scientific research personnel and government department's focus of attention to be handled in polluted by nitrogen.
Early period, investigation found that currently available technology has as a drawback that and problem：
(1) previous design needs to be changed " obtaining soil columnar samples " with the aspect that is connected of " reaction kettle culture " the two links
Into.Previous experimental setup often first sets reaction kettle, then goes to field to obtain soil columnar samples, then shifts columnar samples
Enter culture in reaction kettle.It is on the one hand easy to change the important ginsengs such as structure, granularity, moisture and the oxygen content of soil columnar samples in this way
On the other hand number is also easy to be polluted by ambient enviroment, causes culture failure or eligible result untrue in transfer process.
(2) previous design lacks the accurate simulation and control to environmental factor.Previous experimental provision be often only capable of simulation and
Control limited ambient condition parameter, it is difficult to fully accurately control the temperature (T), salinity (S), light of wetland soil and surface water
According to, the whole hydrological environment condition such as dissolved oxygen (DO) concentration, flow dynamic, nutrient concentration.Such as the nutritive salt to wetland
Input rate and concentration are difficult to control, this may cause the pattern of microorganism progress biochemical reaction and mechanism unstable；And it is right
The shortage of dissolved oxygen and temperature accurately controls, then the anaerobism, the anoxic that are difficult to the control ecosystem can be caused to become reconciled oxygen condition, wherein
Biochemical reaction and microorganism nitrogen circulative metabolism also have very big difference, and blowdown denitrogenate aspect efficiency also have
It is uncertain and it is difficult to predict variation.
(3) stability designed in the past is poor, less reproducible：Previous experimental provision does not use stable state training method mostly,
Even if using problem training method, also fail to simulate all environmental factor variations that may be present completely, therefore between different experiments
Poor repeatability, it is difficult to repeated authentication experimental result.Especially when being sampled to culture systems, sampling process is easily to system balancing
Disturbance is generated, whole system is caused to be difficult to keep in stable state.
(4) previous design mostly uses non-closed environment, easily contaminated and interference.Existing experimental design mostly uses open type point
Culture is criticized, this makes wetland soil and surface water system be easy the interference by external microbe and bacterium etc., causes to cultivate it
The inherent microorganisms such as biosystem and alien bacteria and virus coexist in wetland soil and surface water afterwards, for further analysis with
Calibration tape comes difficult.Moreover, because pollution interference, experimental result is also inaccurate, reduces laboratory reference value.
(5) previous design is more does not use pollution-free sampling mode.After previous sampling operation often takes extraction or culture
The modes such as disposable sampling.These modes are not best, because easy disturbance wetland soil microorganism and surface water swim
The continuous steady-state growth state of plant ecosystem, and be easy to bring pollution.If stopping culture to be sampled, can also beat
The biochemical balance of disconnected wetland soil and surface water biosystem.And sampling is difficult to observe wetland soil in real time after cultivating
With the variation of hydrological environment parameter in surface water biosystem, such as DO states, temperature regime, water phytoplankton cell number, thin
Born of the same parents' composition transfer, cell growth mechanism and Parameters variation etc..
Therefore, how to research and develop a kind of novel for measuring wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture of nitrogen cycle is set
It is standby, it has important practical significance.
Invention content
For device stability existing in the prior art, poor, poor repeatability, sampling hardly possible, multi parameters control are difficult, easy to pollute
And shortage, to technical problems such as the accurate simulations of environmental factor, it is net for measuring wetland that the purpose of the present invention is to provide one kind
Change the stable state culture device of polluted by nitrogen efficiency and nitrogen cycle.
The technical solution that the present invention takes is：
It is a kind of to be used to measure wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture device of nitrogen cycle, including reaction kettle, temperature
Control system, nutrition liquid supply system, nutrient solution discharge system, gas supply system, sampling system and detecting system；It is described anti-
The internal layer of kettle is answered to be set as hollow sampler barrel, sampler barrel is rammed by the way of top compression in soil, will be filled in it naturally
Wetland soil columnar samples take out simultaneously, the top and bottom end of sampler barrel are revolved respectively sets kettle top lid and bottom lid is sealed；Instead
Answer the outer layer of kettle to be set as the chuck of filling circulation water-bath, chuck be set on sampling drum outer wall and with the temperature control of circulator bath
System connectivity processed；The surface of the wetland soil columnar samples is filled with wetland surface water, and wetland surface water distinguishes gentle body supply
System, sampling system connection, the cavity between wetland surface water and kettle top lid are discharged with nutrition liquid supply system, nutrient solution respectively
System connects；Detecting system includes that parameter probe a and parameter probe b, parameter probe a and parameter probe b are plugged in wetland respectively
Inside surface water and in wetland soil columnar samples.
Further, the temperature control system includes recirculated water bathing pool, and recirculated water bathing pool is set as hollow circuit cylinder staving
Structure, equidistantly arrangement offers limiting through hole to surrounding in a ring, and reaction kettle is mounted in limiting through hole.
Further, the sampler barrel of the reaction kettle internal layer and the chuck of outer layer are all made of the preparation of transparent hard plastic material
It is formed, sampler barrel is set as the upstanding post-like structure of inner hollow, and the wall thickness of sampler barrel is more than the wall thickness of chuck, on chuck
Be respectively arranged with circulator bath water outlet and circulator bath water inlet, recirculated water bathing pool respectively with the circulator bath water outlet of chuck
It is connected with circulator bath water inlet.
Further, the nutrition liquid supply system includes nutrient solution reserve room and peristaltic pump, nutrient solution reserve room top
It is passed through tracheae a, nutrient solution is laid in indoor liquid and connected with peristaltic pump by conduit, and peristaltic pump is connected with nutrition fluid catheter, battalion
The extension of nutrient solution conduit is plugged in reaction kettle kettle top and covers.
Further, the nutrient solution discharge system includes graduated cylinder and overflow stream diversion pipe, one end of overflow stream diversion pipe
It is plugged in reaction kettle kettle top to cover, the other end of overflow stream diversion pipe is plugged in graduated cylinder.
Further, the gas supply system includes air pump and tracheae b, and air pump is connected with tracheae b, the end of tracheae b
It plugs into wetland surface water.
Further, the sampling system includes probe tube, air suction sampling bottle, vacuum pumping pump, and vacuum takes out pump and passes through pipeline
It is connected with air suction sampling bottle, air suction sampling bottle is connected to probe tube, and the end of probe tube extends in wetland surface water, probe tube
It is connected to by threeway plug valve with the tracheae b of gas supply system.
Further, the parameter probe a of the detecting system and parameter probe b respectively by conducting wire and power supply, survey meter,
Computer connects.
Further, it is additionally provided with blender and well, well is covered through setting in kettle top, and blender passes through kettle
Head cover extends in wetland surface water, and blender is driven by the motor of kettle top lid.
Further, it is additionally provided with illumination control system, illumination control system includes optic panel, illuminator, and optic panel is embedding
It is located at kettle top to cover, illuminator is mounted on optic panel, and illuminator is connected by timer with power supply.
Beneficial effects of the present invention are：
For Railway Project existing in the prior art, the present invention mainly solves by the following technical programs：
(1) it is directed to the problem of " obtaining soil columnar samples " is not easy to be connected with " reaction kettle culture " the two links：The design
The internal layer of used reaction kettle is the upstanding post-like structure of inner hollow, and inner wall uses transparent hard plastic material, can directly set
In wetland soil surface, then by the way of top compression, reaction kettle internal layer (sampler barrel) is rammed into soil, when will react
When kettle internal layer (sampler barrel) takes out, by the wetland soil columnar samples filled naturally in it while it can take out, and cover reaction immediately
Kettle bottom lid and kettle top lid are sealed；The outer layer (chuck) of reaction kettle can get soil columnar samples rear enclosure mounted in reaction kettle
On internal layer (sampler barrel), then it is connected to the temperature control system of circulator bath.In addition, if it is necessary, can shift to an earlier date to reaction kettle
Cleaning or sterilization treatment are carried out, environmental pollution is excluded with this.As it can be seen that such design sample rapid and convenient, utmostly keeps away
The disturbance to wetland soil sample and potential artificial pollution are exempted from.
(2) it is directed to the problem of previous design lacks the accurate simulation and control to environmental factor：The design utilizes reaction kettle
Double-layer structure and circulator bath equipment come control reaction kettle entire incubation temperature；Importing is accurately controlled using peristaltic pump
The nutrient infusion rate of reaction kettle；Wetland sample superficial water is stirred come the water flow fluctuation of Simulated Wetland using blender；It utilizes
Air pump is filled with filtrated air stream and carrys out simulated air condition, to control the dissolved oxygen content of wetland surface water and soil；Using more
Parameter detection instrument implements monitoring wetland surface water and temperature, salinity, dissolved oxygen, redox potential etc. in soil cylindrical sample
Hydrological environment parameter；So that it is guaranteed that accurate control and simulation to environmental factor.
(3) it is directed to poor, the less reproducible problem of the stability designed in the past, the design is permanent using totally enclosed stable state
Change training mode, refer in the relative constant system of condition in wetland soil and water body microorganism and planktonic organism carry out
Culture；Nutrient solution total amount in the system remains unchanged, and is supplied with constant rate of speed by the external world, and continuously extract culture；The training
Supporting object growth rate can be accurately controlled by limiting the delivery rate of certain nutritional ingredient, and equipment not only can be improved in this method
Utilization rate is also beneficial to carry out the culture experiment of high-precision requirement.Therefore in the design, all environmental conditions even nutrient solution
Input and output rate etc. be all controllable precise, whole system is reliable and stable, and when environmental condition control is proper, entirely
Experiment has repeatability.
(4) it is directed to the problem of non-closed environment and easily contaminated and interference are taken in previous design more, the design takes full envelope
Design is closed, all conduits or outlet all have controlled valve, and are passed through the air or oxygen in system and were carried out also through screen
Filter (the preferred aperture of sieves is 0.22 μm, may filter that impurity and microorganism etc., ensures the injection of filtrated air).
(5) it is directed to the problem of sampling method may lead to pollution in previous design, this patent devises two kinds of sampling modes：
1. a kind of gated by threeway plug valve is made, then can closed sterile soft air leading-in conduit (tracheae when cock is turned certain angle
B), and with probe tube unicom, pump can be thus taken out by sterile air suction sampling bottle and vacuum and creates negative pressure, by superficial water sample
It is extracted from reaction kettle；2. it is another then be provided with overflow stream diversion pipe, because being continuously added nutrient solution, table in reaction kettle
Layer water necessarily increases and the water surface rises, and the surface layer water surface of wetland surface water is close in overflow stream diversion pipe one end, when water body increases
To a certain extent, overflow will be exported, to maintain the stabilization of system.Because thering is filtrated air to be filled with always in reaction kettle,
Overflow stream diversion pipe one end is one-way gas flow and liquid export always, therefore does not have outside air and pour in down a chimney and pollute in reaction kettle
The problem of superficial water.Both the above method avoids well to be changed the system balancing of chemostat cultivation in reaction kettle because of sampling and asks
Topic.In addition, conventional parameter, such as temperature, salinity, pH, DO, then it can be visited by the multi-parameter being placed in superficial water and soil
Head monitoring in real time, is also not present the problem of polluting reaction kettle inner sample.
In conclusion compared with the existing technology, beneficial effects of the present invention are embodied in：
This patent designs a kind of stable state chemostat cultivation system equipment for simulating natural wetland soil and surface water nitrogen cycle,
The efficiency of wetland soil and wetland surface water in terms of purifying polluted by nitrogen is calculated by steady-state model, simultaneously can be used for following nitrogen
Ring process and mechanism carry out system research.The ingenious pattern using stable state chemostat cultivation of the design avoids a system in previous design
Row problem can carry out all Multi-environment factors precisely to simulate and control, good, repeatable strong, the totally-enclosed mould with simulation effect
The advantages that formula is pollution-free, sampling is ingenious in design, can reliably and securely be used for the investigation of wetland soil and earth's surface Water warfare polluted by nitrogen
With the Related Experimental Study for carrying out wetland soil and water body nitrogen cycle.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the overall structure diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the overall structure diagram of recirculated water bathing pool in the present invention.
Fig. 3 is the structural schematic diagram of illumination control system in the present invention.
Wherein, 1, nutrient solution reserve room；2, tracheae a；3, peristaltic pump；4, nutrition fluid catheter；5, parameter probe a；6, air pump；
7, tracheae b；8, threeway plug valve；9, probe tube；10, air suction sampling bottle；11, vacuum takes out pump；12, well；13, kettle top lid；
14, blender；15, wetland surface water；16, circulator bath water outlet；17, wetland soil columnar samples；18a, chuck；18b, sampling
Cylinder；19, bottom lid；20, circulator bath water inlet；21, parameter probe b；22, overflow stream diversion pipe；23, graduated cylinder；24, recirculated water
Bathing pool；25, limiting through hole；26, optic panel；27, illuminator.
Specific implementation mode
It further illustrates the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
Embodiment 1
As shown in Figure 1, a kind of be used to measure wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture device of nitrogen cycle, including it is anti-
Answer kettle, temperature control system, nutrition liquid supply system, nutrient solution discharge system, gas supply system, sampling system and detection system
System；The internal layer of the reaction kettle is set as hollow sampler barrel 18b using transparent hard plastic material, and sampler barrel 18b is set as internal
Hollow upstanding post-like structure, can be placed directly within wetland soil surface, then by the way of top compression, by reaction kettle internal layer
(sampler barrel 18b) is rammed into soil, when reaction kettle internal layer (sampler barrel 18b) is taken out, the wetland that will can naturally fill in it
Soil columnar samples 17 are taken out simultaneously, and cover reaction kettle bottom cover 19 immediately and be sealed；The outer layer (chuck 18a) of reaction kettle can
17 rear enclosure of wetland soil columnar samples is being got on the reaction kettle internal layer (sampler barrel 18b), then with the temperature control of circulator bath
System connectivity processed；Relatively thin transparent plastics material can be used in the outer layer (chuck 18a) of reaction kettle, is respectively arranged with recirculated water thereon
Bathe water outlet 16 and circulator bath water inlet 20, recirculated water bathing pool 24 respectively with the circulator bath water outlet 16 of reaction kettle and cycle
Water-bath water inlet 20 connects；The surface of wetland soil columnar samples 17 be filled with wetland surface water 15, wetland surface water 15 respectively and
Gas supply system, sampling system connection, the cavity between wetland surface water 15 and kettle top lid 13 is supplied with nutrient solution respectively is
System, the connection of nutrient solution discharge system；Detecting system includes parameter probe a5 and parameter probe b21, and parameter probe a5 and parameter are visited
Head b21 is plugged in respectively in 15 inside of wetland surface water and wetland soil columnar samples 17.
The bottom lid 19 of the reaction kettle is mounted on the bottom of reaction kettle, the kettle wall of reaction kettle by way of being screwed
Outer layer can be filled with the flow of circulator bath to accurately control the temperature of reaction kettle, and wetland surface water 15, which did not had in reaction kettle, to be placed
Soil columnar samples surface layer, the depth of the depth of wetland surface water 15 well below soil columnar samples.
Reaction kettle kettle top lid 13 has a multifunctional characteristics, it salable is sequentially passed through on reaction kettle autoclave body, kettle cover first
Nutrient solution ingress pipe, filtrated air ingress pipe, multi-parameter probe/survey meter, blender 14 and rotor, well 12 (are used at top
Rubber close, can open, can use syringe be added liquid), overflow diversion pipe.
As shown in Fig. 2, temperature control system includes recirculated water bathing pool 24, recirculated water bathing pool 24 is set as hollow circuit cylinder staving
Structure, equidistantly arrangement offers limiting through hole 25 to surrounding in a ring, and reaction kettle is mounted in limiting through hole 25.
Circulator bath water outlet 16 and circulator bath water inlet 20, recirculated water bathing pool are respectively arranged on the outer layer of reaction kettle
24 connect with the circulator bath water outlet 16 of reaction kettle and circulator bath water inlet 20 respectively.
Circulator bath water outlet 16 and circulator bath water inlet 20 in arranged relative be separately positioned on reaction kettle top and
Bottom end, the distance of the two is relatively far away from, it is ensured that the adequacy that water recycles in reaction kettle outer layer.The making material of the reaction kettle
Preferably clear material convenient for observing internal response situation at any time, while being also beneficial to top such as rigid plastics or tempered glass
Light is put into wetland surface water 15 by optic panel 26.
Recirculated water bathing pool 24 is internally provided with supporting rack, and anchorage clip is arranged on supporting rack, and anchorage clip is clipped in the kettle of reaction kettle
The joint of body and kettle top lid 13.
Nutrition liquid supply system includes nutrient solution reserve room 1 and peristaltic pump 3, and 1 top of nutrient solution reserve room is passed through tracheae a2,
Liquid in nutrient solution reserve room 1 is connected by conduit and peristaltic pump 3, and peristaltic pump 3 and nutrition fluid catheter 4 connect, and nutrient solution is led
The extension of pipe 4 is plugged on reaction kettle kettle top lid 13.
Nutrient solution is extracted out from nutrient solution reserve room 1 and is inputted by nutrition fluid catheter 4 according to the rate of setting by peristaltic pump 3
In reaction kettle, the outlet of nutrition fluid catheter 4 is higher than liquid level, convenient for nutrient solution is replenished in time；The rotating speed of peristaltic pump 3 is adjustable, interior sets
Conduit diameter is adjustable, and the rate of importing nutrient solution is controlled with this；1 top rubber stopper seal of nutrient solution reserve room, rubber stopper
On run through the first air filtration sieve, the preferred aperture of sieves be 0.22 μm, may filter that impurity and microorganism etc., ensure sterile sky
The injection of gas.
Nutrient solution discharge system includes graduated cylinder 23 and overflow stream diversion pipe 22, and one end of overflow stream diversion pipe 22 is plugged in instead
It answers on kettle kettle top lid 13, the other end of overflow stream diversion pipe 22 is plugged in graduated cylinder 23.
Overflow stream diversion pipe 22 can export liquid excessive in reaction kettle to graduated cylinder 23, and be used for subsequent analysis.Because anti-
It answers and is continuously added nutrient solution in kettle, superficial water necessarily increases and the water surface rises, and superficial water is close in 22 one end of overflow stream diversion pipe
Face will export overflow, to maintain the stabilization of system when water body increases to a certain extent.Because in reaction kettle always whether there is or not
Bacterium air is filled with, and is one-way gas flow and liquid export always in 22 one end of overflow stream diversion pipe, therefore do not have outside air and fall
The problem of filling and polluting reaction kettle endosexine water.
Gas supply system includes air pump 6 and tracheae b7, and air pump 6 is connected with tracheae b7, and the end of tracheae b7 is plugged to wet
In ground surface water 15, i.e., the venthole of tracheae b7 is below the liquid level of wetland surface water 15.On the tracheae b7 of gas supply system
It is both provided with gas filtration sieve, the preferred aperture of sieves is 0.22 μm, can ensure filtrated air with impurity screening and microorganism etc.
Injection, air pump 6 directs the air into the second air filtration sieve (preferably aperture be 0.22 μm), and after filtering, filtrated air is by gas
Pipe b7 is by the wetland surface water 15 in 8 importing reaction kettles of threeway plug valve.
Sampling system includes probe tube 9, air suction sampling bottle 10, vacuum pumping pump 11, and vacuum takes out pump 11 and passes through pipeline and pumping
Sampling bottle 10 connects, and air suction sampling bottle 10 is connected to probe tube 9, and the end of probe tube 9 extends in wetland surface water 15.
The tracheae b7 of gas supply system is connected to the probe tube 9 of sampling system by threeway plug valve 8, and described three
Logical plug valve 8, which has the function of adjusting, to flow, and when being adjusted to first angle, then filtrated air can be inputted to reaction kettle, at this time with
The connection of probe tube 9 is to close；When being adjusted to second angle, then close input filtrated air tracheae b7, and with probe tube 9
Unicom can take out pump 11 by air suction sampling bottle 10 and vacuum and form negative pressure, and the flow of reaction kettle is taken out.
The parameter probe a5 of detecting system is connected by conducting wire with power supply, survey meter, computer respectively with parameter probe b21.
A probe in the multi-parameter probe/survey meter being made of parameter probe a5 and parameter probe b21 is inserted into water body, another
Probe is then inserted into soil, can monitor a variety of hydrology such as temperature, salinity, pH, DO, redox potential of water body and soil in real time
Environmental parameter, survey meter are connected with computer and power supply, can read result in real time from computer and be monitored.
It is additionally provided with blender 14 and well 12, through being arranged on kettle top lid 13, blender 14 passes through well 12
Kettle top lid 13 extends in wetland surface water 15, and blender 14 is driven by the motor of kettle top lid 13.The blender 14 is single
Root aciculiform shape, top have rotor, the wetland surface water 15 of wetland soil can be stirred according to the rotating speed of setting, to simulate nature
Fluctuation situation in water body.
Well 12 is a fine glass pore, is capped or is sealed using diaphragm of rubber, rubber when 12 top horizontal of well
Plug is detachable, it is also possible to which injection needle penetrates to inject liquid (such as tracer etc.).
As shown in figure 3, being additionally provided with illumination control system, illumination control system includes optic panel 26, illuminator 27, smooth surface
Plate 26 is embedded on kettle top lid 13, and illuminator 27 is mounted on optic panel 26, and illuminator 27 is connected by timer with power supply.It is fixed
When device control light application time, could be provided as Continuous irradiation, or day alternates with night that irradiation comes true for detecting luminous intensity at any time
It is accurate to protect Optical power values.
For measuring the stable state culture device of wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and nitrogen cycle before use, first that reaction kettle is each
Component assembles, then with temperature control system, nutrition liquid supply system, nutrient solution discharge system, gas supply system, sampling
System and detecting system assemble in order, then carry out sterilization treatment together.Reaction kettle internal layer (sampler barrel 18b) is elongated,
Cylinder, inner wall is very thick, for directly drilling, obtains soil columnar samples, after acquisition, is sealed below with bottom lid 19；Then it puts on
Pre-designed reaction kettle outer layer chuck 18a, outer layer chuck 18a is more shorter than reaction kettle inner wall, is exactly to follow after sealing
Reaction kettle is integrally placed into recirculated water bathing pool 24 by the chuck 18a of ring water-bath, and recirculated water bathing pool 24 is followed with reaction kettle respectively
Ring water-bath water outlet 16 and circulator bath water inlet 20 connect.Constantly through peristaltic pump 3 by the culture solution in nutrient solution reserve room 1
It is added dropwise to inside reaction kettle, until when the wetland surface water 15 of soil columnar samples upper surface reaches predetermined level, opening temperature control
System, blender 14, illumination control system and gas supply system processed.When, system constant when temperature is stablized, by with injection needle
Well 12 is penetrated to inject liquid (such as isotopic tracer etc.).The working method of wherein each system is as follows：Temperature controls
System heats (warming effect that can be used for caused by simulation of global climate change, or cooling) by recirculated water bathing pool 24 to water,
Water after heating (or cooling) enters circulator bath water inlet 20, through circulator bath water outlet 16 after fully being recycled in interlayer
It flows out and returns to recirculated water bathing pool 24 and heat (or cooling) again and carry out constant temperature.The inflation that gas supply system passes through controlled rate
6 input filtrated air of pump (or increase wherein CO2Content simulates increasingly increased atmospheric carbon dioxide concentration), filtrated air warp
After 8 door switch of threeway plug valve, import reaction kettle, then import in wetland surface water 15 through diversion pipe, gas in the form of bubbles from
It is overflowed to upper layer 15 bottom of wetland surface water.Nutrition liquid supply system is by peristaltic pump 3 by the culture solution in nutrient solution reserve room 1
It is persistently instilled inside reaction kettle through nutrient solution conduit 4.The lower end of the nutrient solution discharger of nutrient solution discharge system is with being located at wetland
15 surface of table water is in close contact with liquid level, since aseptic gas is persistently filled with so that 15 surface upper layer of reaction kettle wetland surface water
Space keeps certain steady pressure；With the continuous instillation of nutrient solution, internal pressure slightly increases, the meeting between ambient pressure
Generation slight pressure is poor, which can force extra culture solution to be continuously outflowed into graduated cylinder 23 through nutrient solution discharger.It stirs
Wetland surface water 15 in reaction kettle can be stirred by mixing device 14, to simulate the fluctuation situation in natural water.Sampling system is logical
Control threeway plug valve 8 is crossed, is used in combination vacuum to take out 11 extraction of pump and realizes that wetland surface water 15 enters air suction sampling along probe tube 9
In bottle 10；Before sampling, gas passage is changed by threeway plug valve 8, pump 11 is taken out with vacuum in outside and extracts wetland surface water 15,
It is sampled, since whole process is liquid one way flow, the pollution of process can be down-sampled in this way.It was cultivated entirely
Cheng Zhong keeps the running of peristaltic pump 3；To continuously cultivating the disturbing effect of stable state when being sampled to reduce, the volume per sub-sampling is not
It is more than the nutrient solution volume being filled with during two sample points in reaction kettle to obtain, and must not exceed the 6% of reaction kettle total volume.Light
Optic panel 26 and illuminator 27 according to control system provide and reflected light is shone, and controllable luminous intensity；When Timer Controlling illumination
Between, could be provided as Continuous irradiation, or day alternates with night irradiation, for detecting luminous intensity at any time, come ensure Optical power values standard
Really.
The above is not limitation of the present invention, it should be pointed out that：Those skilled in the art are come
It says, under the premise of not departing from essential scope of the present invention, several variations, modifications, additions or substitutions can also be made, these improvement
Protection scope of the present invention is also should be regarded as with retouching.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of for measuring wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture device of nitrogen cycle, which is characterized in that including anti-
Answer kettle, temperature control system, nutrition liquid supply system, nutrient solution discharge system, gas supply system, sampling system and detection system
System；The reaction kettle is set as double-layer structure made of internal layer and outer layer socket, and the internal layer of reaction kettle is set as hollow sampler barrel,
Sampler barrel is rammed by the way of top compression in soil, by the wetland soil columnar samples filled naturally in it while being taken out, is taken
The top and bottom end of sample cylinder are revolved respectively sets kettle top lid and bottom lid is sealed；The outer layer of reaction kettle is set as filling circulation water-bath
Chuck, chuck is set on sampling drum outer wall and is connected to the temperature control system of circulator bath；The wetland soil column
The surface of sample is filled with wetland surface water, and wetland surface water distinguishes gentle body feed system, sampling system connection, wetland surface water
Cavity between kettle top lid is connected with nutrition liquid supply system, nutrient solution discharge system respectively；Detecting system includes that parameter is visited
Head a and parameter probe b, parameter probe a and parameter probe b are plugged in wetland surface water inside and wetland soil columnar samples respectively
It is interior.
2. it is a kind of for measuring wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture device of nitrogen cycle according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the temperature control system includes recirculated water bathing pool, recirculated water bathing pool is set as hollow circuit cylinder bucket body structure,
Equidistantly arrangement offers limiting through hole to surrounding in a ring, and reaction kettle is mounted in limiting through hole.
3. it is a kind of for measuring wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture device of nitrogen cycle according to claim 2,
It is characterized in that, the sampler barrel of the reaction kettle internal layer and the chuck of outer layer are all made of transparent hard plastic material and prepare to be formed, take
Sample cylinder is set as the upstanding post-like structure of inner hollow, and the wall thickness of sampler barrel is more than the wall thickness of chuck, is set respectively on chuck
Be equipped with circulator bath water outlet and circulator bath water inlet, recirculated water bathing pool respectively with the circulator bath water outlet and cycle of chuck
Water-bath water inlet connects.
4. it is a kind of for measuring wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture device of nitrogen cycle according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the nutrition liquid supply system includes nutrient solution reserve room and peristaltic pump, nutrient solution reserve room top is passed through gas
Pipe a, nutrient solution are laid in indoor liquid and are connected with peristaltic pump by conduit, and peristaltic pump is connected with nutrition fluid catheter, and nutrient solution is led
Pipe extension is plugged in reaction kettle kettle top and covers.
5. it is a kind of for measuring wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture device of nitrogen cycle according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the nutrient solution discharge system includes graduated cylinder and overflow stream diversion pipe, one end of overflow stream diversion pipe is plugged in
Reaction kettle kettle top covers, and the other end of overflow stream diversion pipe is plugged in graduated cylinder.
6. it is a kind of for measuring wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture device of nitrogen cycle according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the gas supply system includes air pump and tracheae b, air pump is connected with tracheae b, the end of tracheae b plug to
In wetland surface water.
7. a kind of for measuring wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture of nitrogen cycle is set according to claim 1 or 6
It is standby, which is characterized in that the sampling system includes probe tube, air suction sampling bottle, vacuum pumping pump, and vacuum takes out pump and passes through pipeline and pumping
Gas sampling bottle connects, and air suction sampling bottle is connected to probe tube, and the end of probe tube extends in wetland surface water, and probe tube is gentle
The tracheae b of body feed system is connected to by threeway plug valve.
8. it is a kind of for measuring wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture device of nitrogen cycle according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, the parameter probe a and parameter probe b of the detecting system are connected by conducting wire and power supply, survey meter, computer respectively
It connects.
9. it is a kind of for measuring wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture device of nitrogen cycle according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, being additionally provided with blender and well, well is covered through setting in kettle top, and blender prolongs across kettle top lid
It extends in wetland surface water, blender is driven by the motor of kettle top lid.
10. it is a kind of for measuring wetland purification polluted by nitrogen efficiency and the stable state culture device of nitrogen cycle according to claim 1,
It is characterized in that, being additionally provided with illumination control system, illumination control system includes optic panel, illuminator, and optic panel is embedded in kettle
On head cover, illuminator is mounted on optic panel, and illuminator is connected by timer with power supply.
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| CN201810670935.9A CN108802336B (en) | 2018-06-26 | 2018-06-26 | A steady state culture equipment for determining wetland purifies nitrogen pollution efficiency and nitrogen circulation |
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