CN108793958B - 一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法 - Google Patents
一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明属于钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料加工技术领域,具体涉及一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法,所述耐磨陶瓷涂料层包括以下重量份的原料:陶瓷骨料42‑48份、改性六环石粉22‑26份、二氧化硅14‑16份、水玻璃3‑7份、铝粉2‑6份、铬铁粉4‑8份、纳米碳化硼3‑5份、粘结剂4‑6份、调节剂1‑3份。本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:本发明中通过在陶瓷涂料中添加适量的纳米碳化硼和改性六环石粉,使其具有较强的弹性模量和耐磨损性,具有较强的化学稳定,不易被酸性溶液或碱性溶液侵蚀,在加热和冷却过程中受到热应力较小,具有较强的抗热震性;增强结合强度,增加适用范围。
Description
技术领域
本发明属于钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料加工技术领域,具体涉及一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法。
背景技术
金属基陶瓷复合材料由于同时具有金属材料高强度、高韧性、优良导热性及陶瓷材料硬度高、耐磨损、耐腐蚀、耐高温的优点,目前已在众多领域得到应用,国内外制备金属基陶瓷复合材料的方法通常包括喷涂法、化学气相沉积法、物理气相沉积法、复合镀、溶胶凝胶法、高温自蔓延法、高温熔烧法等,其中,喷涂法热化学反应又称粘结法,具有工艺简单、施工方便、成本低廉的优点,现有技术中通过在钢基材料表面制备陶瓷涂层,以提高其耐腐蚀性、耐水性、热稳定性等问题,但在实际应用中抗热震性需要进一步提高。
发明内容
本发明的目的是针对现有的问题,提供了一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法。
本发明是通过以下技术方案实现的:一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法,包括以下内容:
(1)所述耐磨陶瓷涂料层包括以下重量份的原料:陶瓷骨料42-48份、改性六环石粉22-26份、二氧化硅14-16份、水玻璃3-7份、铝粉2-6份、铬铁粉4-8份、纳米碳化硼3-5份、粘结剂4-6份、调节剂1-3份;
所述改性六环石粉的制备方法为:将六环石粉置于质量浓度为6-10%的羟基乙酸溶液中浸泡2-3小时,完成后在温度为640-700℃的煅烧炉内煅烧40-60分钟,完成后加入相当于其重量6-8%的聚乙烯醇,在温度为85-95℃的水浴条件下搅拌15-20分钟,然后加入相当于六环石粉重量2.2-2.8%的硅酸三钙、1.4-1.6%的氟化氢铵、0.4-0.8%的氮化镓、35-45%的水,在球磨机中球磨4-6小时,得到浆料,将所得浆料经喷雾干燥塔喷雾造粒即得;
(2)耐磨陶瓷涂料制备:将上述各原料按比例混合后在球磨罐中进行球磨,球磨管内气体氛围为氩气,球料质量比为20-30:1,球磨时间为2-4小时,得到混合浆,即可;
(3)对钢基材料表面除锈后用丙酮洗去油污,转入真空热处理炉内,抽真空后通入氮气,在温度680-720℃、压强为0.18-0.22Pa的条件下保持40-60分钟,完成后通入氩气将至常温,得到预处理钢基材料;
(4)将上述耐磨陶瓷涂料均匀涂覆在钢基材料表面,涂覆厚度为0.4-1mm,在温度为115-125℃的条件下处理1-2小时后,升温至温度为650-750℃,继续处理3-4小时,即得。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述陶瓷骨料包括以下重量份的原料:高岭土26-30份、粘土14-18份、瓷石6-10份、石灰釉3-5份。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述陶瓷骨料的粒径为200-300目。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述粘结剂为硅酸钠;调节剂由碳酸钠、羟甲基纤维素钠和碳酸氢二钠以重量比6-8:1.2-1.4:1混合得到。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述喷雾干燥塔喷雾造粒的条件为:进口温度为115-125℃,出口温度为72-78℃,喷嘴的雾化压力为0.075-0.085MPa。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述纳米碳化硼的平均粒径为60nm,比表面积为39m²/g。
作为对上述方案的进一步改进,所述步骤(4)中升温速度为6-8℃/分钟。
本发明相比现有技术具有以下优点:本发明中通过在陶瓷涂料中添加适量的纳米碳化硼和改性六环石粉,使其具有较强的弹性模量和耐磨损性,具有较强的化学稳定,不易被酸性溶液或碱性溶液侵蚀,在加热和冷却过程中受到热应力较小,具有较强的抗热震性;在预处理钢基材料表面的渗氮层有助于增强陶瓷涂料层与钢基材料表面的结合强度,增加适用范围。
具体实施方式
实施例1
一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法,包括以下内容:
(1)所述耐磨陶瓷涂料层包括以下重量份的原料:陶瓷骨料45份、改性六环石粉24份、二氧化硅15份、水玻璃5份、铝粉4份、铬铁粉6份、纳米碳化硼4份、粘结剂5份、调节剂2份;
所述改性六环石粉的制备方法为:将六环石粉置于质量浓度为8%的羟基乙酸溶液中浸泡2.5小时,完成后在温度为680℃的煅烧炉内煅烧50分钟,完成后加入相当于其重量7%的聚乙烯醇,在温度为90℃的水浴条件下搅拌18分钟,然后加入相当于六环石粉重量2.5%的硅酸三钙、1.5%的氟化氢铵、0.6%的氮化镓、40%的水,在球磨机中球磨5小时,得到浆料,将所得浆料经喷雾干燥塔喷雾造粒即得;
(2)耐磨陶瓷涂料制备:将上述各原料按比例混合后在球磨罐中进行球磨,球磨管内气体氛围为氩气,球料质量比为25:1,球磨时间为3小时,得到混合浆,即可;
(3)对钢基材料表面除锈后用丙酮洗去油污,转入真空热处理炉内,抽真空后通入氮气,在温度700℃、压强为0.2Pa的条件下保持50分钟,完成后通入氩气将至常温,得到预处理钢基材料;
(4)将上述耐磨陶瓷涂料均匀涂覆在钢基材料表面,涂覆厚度为0.7mm,在温度为120℃的条件下处理1.5小时后,升温至温度为700℃,继续处理3.5小时,即得。
其中,所述陶瓷骨料包括以下重量份的原料:高岭土28份、粘土16份、瓷石8份、石灰釉4份;所述陶瓷骨料的粒径为250目。
其中,所述粘结剂为硅酸钠;调节剂由碳酸钠、羟甲基纤维素钠和碳酸氢二钠以重量比7:1.3:1混合得到。
其中,所述喷雾干燥塔喷雾造粒的条件为:进口温度为120℃,出口温度为75℃,喷嘴的雾化压力为0.08MPa。
其中,所述纳米碳化硼的平均粒径为60nm,比表面积为39m²/g。
其中,所述步骤(4)中升温速度为7℃/分钟。
实施例2
一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法,包括以下内容:
(1)所述耐磨陶瓷涂料层包括以下重量份的原料:陶瓷骨料42份、改性六环石粉26份、二氧化硅14份、水玻璃7份、铝粉2份、铬铁粉8份、纳米碳化硼3份、粘结剂6份、调节剂1份;
所述改性六环石粉的制备方法为:将六环石粉置于质量浓度为6%的羟基乙酸溶液中浸泡2小时,完成后在温度为700℃的煅烧炉内煅烧60分钟,完成后加入相当于其重量8%的聚乙烯醇,在温度为95℃的水浴条件下搅拌20分钟,然后加入相当于六环石粉重量2.8%的硅酸三钙、1.4%的氟化氢铵、0.8%的氮化镓、45%的水,在球磨机中球磨6小时,得到浆料,将所得浆料经喷雾干燥塔喷雾造粒即得;
(2)耐磨陶瓷涂料制备:将上述各原料按比例混合后在球磨罐中进行球磨,球磨管内气体氛围为氩气,球料质量比为30:1,球磨时间为2小时,得到混合浆,即可;
(3)对钢基材料表面除锈后用丙酮洗去油污,转入真空热处理炉内,抽真空后通入氮气,在温度680℃、压强为0.22Pa的条件下保持60分钟,完成后通入氩气将至常温,得到预处理钢基材料;
(4)将上述耐磨陶瓷涂料均匀涂覆在钢基材料表面,涂覆厚度为0.4mm,在温度为125℃的条件下处理1小时后,升温至温度为750℃,继续处理4小时,即得。
其中,所述陶瓷骨料包括以下重量份的原料:高岭土26份、粘土14份、瓷石10份、石灰釉3份;所述陶瓷骨料的粒径为300目。
其中,所述粘结剂为硅酸钠;调节剂由碳酸钠、羟甲基纤维素钠和碳酸氢二钠以重量比8:1.2:1混合得到。
其中,所述喷雾干燥塔喷雾造粒的条件为:进口温度为125℃,出口温度为78℃,喷嘴的雾化压力为0.075MPa。
其中,所述纳米碳化硼的平均粒径为60nm,比表面积为39m²/g。
其中,所述步骤(4)中升温速度为8℃/分钟。
实施例3
一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法,包括以下内容:
(1)所述耐磨陶瓷涂料层包括以下重量份的原料:陶瓷骨料48份、改性六环石粉22份、二氧化硅16份、水玻璃3份、铝粉6份、铬铁粉4份、纳米碳化硼5份、粘结剂4份、调节剂3份;
所述改性六环石粉的制备方法为:将六环石粉置于质量浓度为10%的羟基乙酸溶液中浸泡3小时,完成后在温度为640℃的煅烧炉内煅烧40分钟,完成后加入相当于其重量6%的聚乙烯醇,在温度为85℃的水浴条件下搅拌15分钟,然后加入相当于六环石粉重量2.2%的硅酸三钙、1.6%的氟化氢铵、0.4%的氮化镓、35%的水,在球磨机中球磨4小时,得到浆料,将所得浆料经喷雾干燥塔喷雾造粒即得;
(2)耐磨陶瓷涂料制备:将上述各原料按比例混合后在球磨罐中进行球磨,球磨管内气体氛围为氩气,球料质量比为20:1,球磨时间为4小时,得到混合浆,即可;
(3)对钢基材料表面除锈后用丙酮洗去油污,转入真空热处理炉内,抽真空后通入氮气,在温度720℃、压强为0.18Pa的条件下保持40分钟,完成后通入氩气将至常温,得到预处理钢基材料;
(4)将上述耐磨陶瓷涂料均匀涂覆在钢基材料表面,涂覆厚度为1mm,在温度为115℃的条件下处理2小时后,升温至温度为650℃,继续处理3小时,即得。
其中,所述陶瓷骨料包括以下重量份的原料:高岭土30份、粘土18份、瓷石6份、石灰釉5份;所述陶瓷骨料的粒径为200目。
其中,所述粘结剂为硅酸钠;调节剂由碳酸钠、羟甲基纤维素钠和碳酸氢二钠以重量比6:1.4:1混合得到。
其中,所述喷雾干燥塔喷雾造粒的条件为:进口温度为115℃,出口温度为72℃,喷嘴的雾化压力为0.085MPa。
其中,所述纳米碳化硼的平均粒径为60nm,比表面积为39m²/g。
其中,所述步骤(4)中升温速度为6℃/分钟。
设置对照组1,将实施例1中改性六环石粉替换为未经改性的六环石粉,其余内容不变;设置对照组2,将实施例1中改性六环石粉去掉,其余内容不变;设置对照组3,将实施例1中纳米碳化硼去掉,其余内容不变;设置对照组4,将实施例1中步骤(3)中真空热处理炉内处理步骤去掉,其余内容不变;
设置热震试验,试样钢基材料为T91,将所制备涂层在马弗炉内保温10分钟后,在水中淬火,以涂层非边角处出现剥落的程度作为失效的判断依据,实验室,在马弗炉中加热温度为600℃,得到以下结果:
表1
通过表1中内容可以看出,本发明中抗热震性较强,同时也说明了涂层与钢基材料结合性能较强。
对各组主要性能进行评判,得到以下结果:
表2
通过表2中结果可以看出,本发明制备所得陶瓷涂层综合性能较好,对照组4满足主要性能评判,但其抗热震性较差,可用于对高温稳定性要求较高的领域。
Claims (7)
1.一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法,其特征在于,包括以下内容:
(1)所述耐磨陶瓷涂料层包括以下重量份的原料:陶瓷骨料42-48份、改性六环石粉22-26份、二氧化硅14-16份、水玻璃3-7份、铝粉2-6份、铬铁粉4-8份、纳米碳化硼3-5份、粘结剂4-6份、调节剂1-3份;
所述改性六环石粉的制备方法为:将六环石粉置于质量浓度为6-10%的羟基乙酸溶液中浸泡2-3小时,完成后在温度为640-700℃的煅烧炉内煅烧40-60分钟,完成后加入相当于其重量6-8%的聚乙烯醇,在温度为85-95℃的水浴条件下搅拌15-20分钟,然后加入相当于六环石粉重量2.2-2.8%的硅酸三钙、1.4-1.6%的氟化氢铵、0.4-0.8%的氮化镓、35-45%的水,在球磨机中球磨4-6小时,得到浆料,将所得浆料经喷雾干燥塔喷雾造粒即得;
(2)耐磨陶瓷涂料制备:将上述各原料按比例混合后在球磨罐中进行球磨,球磨管内气体氛围为氩气,球料质量比为20-30:1,球磨时间为2-4小时,得到混合浆,即可;
(3)对钢基材料表面除锈后用丙酮洗去油污,转入真空热处理炉内,抽真空后通入氮气,在温度680-720℃、压强为0.18-0.22Pa的条件下保持40-60分钟,完成后通入氩气将至常温,得到预处理钢基材料;
(4)将上述耐磨陶瓷涂料均匀涂覆在钢基材料表面,涂覆厚度为0.4-1mm,在温度为115-125℃的条件下处理1-2小时后,升温至温度为650-750℃,继续处理3-4小时,即得。
2.如权利要求1所述一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法,其特征在于,所述陶瓷骨料包括以下重量份的原料:高岭土26-30份、粘土14-18份、瓷石6-10份、石灰釉3-5份。
3.如权利要求2所述一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法,其特征在于,所述陶瓷骨料的粒径为200-300目。
4.如权利要求1所述一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法,其特征在于,所述粘结剂为硅酸钠;调节剂由碳酸钠、羟甲基纤维素钠和碳酸氢二钠以重量比6-8:1.2-1.4:1混合得到。
5.如权利要求1所述一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法,其特征在于,所述喷雾干燥塔喷雾造粒的条件为:进口温度为115-125℃,出口温度为72-78℃,喷嘴的雾化压力为0.075-0.085MPa。
6.如权利要求1所述一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法,其特征在于,所述纳米碳化硼的平均粒径为60nm,比表面积为39m²/g。
7.如权利要求1所述一种提高钢基表面耐磨陶瓷涂料层抗热震性的方法,其特征在于,所述步骤(4)中升温速度为6-8℃/分钟。
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