CN108782007A - The aeroponic method of ganoderma lucidum - Google Patents
The aeroponic method of ganoderma lucidum Download PDFInfo
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- CN108782007A CN108782007A CN201810540935.7A CN201810540935A CN108782007A CN 108782007 A CN108782007 A CN 108782007A CN 201810540935 A CN201810540935 A CN 201810540935A CN 108782007 A CN108782007 A CN 108782007A
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- bacterium bag
- ganoderma lucidum
- fructification
- temperature
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/40—Cultivation of spawn
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G18/00—Cultivation of mushrooms
- A01G18/60—Cultivation rooms; Equipment therefor
- A01G18/69—Arrangements for managing the environment, e.g. sprinklers
Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of aeroponic methods of ganoderma lucidum, it is carried out in artificial intelligence climatic chamber in entire cultivation, the Multilayer culture shelf of cultivating ganoderma is provided in artificial intelligence climatic chamber, enviromental monitoring equipment, the control device for changing the environment conditioning equipment of weather indoor environment state and for controlling environment adjusting device working condition for being used to monitor weather indoor environment on shelf periphery are set；It is provided in the artificial intelligence climatic chamber between 100,000 grades of Clean Operating Labs, ten thousand grades of clean bufferings, ten thousand grades of clean transfer rooms, 100,000 grades of clean culturing room and Chu Zhi culturing room, culturing rack are arranged in Chu Zhi culturing room；The cultural method specifically includes following steps：The culture of strain, cultivating in bag bacterium bag, ganoderma lucidum are cultivated, conidia powder harvesting, process the step of conidia powder and fructification and packaging respectively.Ganoderma lucidum in the present invention not only increases per mu yield, it is often more important that can greatly improve the quality of fructification and conidia powder in artificial intelligence weather indoor growing.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of cultural methods of the planting technology field of crops, especially ganoderma lucidum.
Background technology
The active ingredient of lucidum spore powder mainly has ganodenic acid, ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide, organic germanium, Organic Selenium, adenosine, polypeptide
Deng, wherein ganoderma lucidum polysaccharide can improve antitumor immunity of organism function, can pass through enhance macrophage, natural killer cells（NK）
Tumour cell is killed indirectly with the function of cytotoxic T cell, can also be pressed down by macrophage, the release of T lymphocytes
System or the cell factor for killing tumour cell（Tumor necrosis factor TNF and interferon IFN）, wither to kill tumour cell or promote it
It dies；And the ganoderma lucidum triterpene compounds made of ganodenic acid can then inhibit the growth of tumour cell of in vitro culture, directly kill
Dead tumour cell.Therefore, lucidum spore powder have good prevention tumour cell, reduce lipids contents, reduce blood pressure blood glucose water
Flat, treatment neurasthenia and potent functions of expelling toxin, and lucidum spore powder is the seed of ganoderma lucidum, therefore the ganoderma lucidum for producing high quality is
Obtain the main path of lucidum spore powder.
The conventional cultivation method of ganoderma lucidum is soil covering culture method, i.e.,：Bacterium bag is sloughed into plastic film, is uprightly emitted on furrow ditch
In, after earthing, soil moisture regime is kept, spray spraying pesticide pest control in planting process；Tradition plants 10000 bacterium per acre
Stick, 1 year one batch of kind, yield is relatively low, and persticide residue is big.
Invention content
The technical problem to be solved in the invention is to provide a kind of cultural method of ganoderma lucidum, with obtain high quality conidia powder and
Fructification.
In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solution used in the present invention is as follows.
A kind of aeroponic method of ganoderma lucidum carries out in entire cultivation, artificial intelligence in artificial intelligence climatic chamber
It is provided with the Multilayer culture shelf of cultivating ganoderma in climatic chamber, the environment prison for monitoring weather indoor environment on shelf periphery is set
Measurement equipment, for changing weather indoor environment state environment conditioning equipment and for control environment adjusting device work shape
The control device of state；It is provided in the artificial intelligence climatic chamber between 100,000 grades of Clean Operating Labs, ten thousand grades of clean bufferings, Wan Jijie
Net transfer room, 100,000 grades of clean culturing room and Chu Zhi culturing room, culturing rack are arranged in Chu Zhi culturing room；
The cultural method specifically includes following steps：
1）The culture of strain；
2）Cultivating in bag bacterium bag；
3）Ganoderma lucidum is cultivated；
4）Conidia powder harvests；
5）Conidia powder and fructification are processed respectively；
6）Packaging.
A kind of aeroponic method of above-mentioned ganoderma lucidum, step 1）Specifically include the following contents：
11）Screening varieties；The red ganoderma kind with higher medical value is screened, is inoculated with using liquid spawn, is trained in triangular flask
It supports 15 days, cultivated 45 days in artificial intelligence climatic chamber, spore powder with crushed sporoderm reaches requirement through national authority mechanism Testing index, continuously
The kind of 3 batches of experiment in cultivation favorable reproducibilities may be selected；
12）Select strain excellent；The strain excellent of strong, the more U.S. appearance of growth selection in 100,000 grades of Clean Operating Labs, for taking
Spore or tissue separation；
13）Detach spore or tissue；
14）Test tube PDA agar cultures；Parent species are trained in test tube PDA agar culture -8 days 6 days, original seed in triangular flask liquid after separation
It supports 8 days, cultigen is cultivated 6 days in fermentation tank liquid, and cultivation temperature is 25 degree -28 DEG C.
A kind of aeroponic method of above-mentioned ganoderma lucidum, step 2）Specifically include the following contents：
21）Dispensing；Major ingredient crossed 50-100mm using being exposed to the sun without the hardwood sawdust that goes mouldy, the formula of auxiliary material include the wooden chaff 7%,
Wheat skin 15%, corn flour 5%, brown sugar 0.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5%, calcium carbonate 1%, land plaster 1% and natural selenium-rich water；Major ingredient and
The ratio of auxiliary material is 2:1-3:2, add magnetized water fully to mix thoroughly, ganoderma lucidum is made in 58%-62%, pH value ph5-6 in water content control
Culture medium；
22）Pack；It is fed 1000g with Polythene Bag, lantern ring on the outside of sack, then sack overturning is covered to the outer ring of tool air hole
At bacterium bag, after the compost for trembling clean bacterium bag surface, neatly stand up in heat safe plastic crate；
23）Sterilizing；Plastic crate equipped with bacterium bag is sent into the high pressure vacuum sterilizing cabinet in ten thousand grades of clean bufferings, into horizontal high voltage
High temperature vacuumizes sterilizing, and 123 DEG C of sterilising temp, sterilize 5h, and by the bacterium bag of sterilizing, it is slow to be transferred to sterile-processed transfer room
Between punching, opens ultra violet lamp and carry out disinfection；
24）Inoculation；The disinfection for being inoculated with preceding ten thousand grades of clean transfer rooms is carried out first, and after the completion of disinfection, bacterium bag is put into ten thousand grades of cleanings
Transfer room is inoculated with when bacterium bag internal temperature is down to≤28 DEG C, carries out liquid spawn inoculation, inoculum concentration 20ml-30ml ╱
Bacterium bag；Inoculation environment is 22 DEG C -25 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 60%-70%；
25）Culture；The bacterium bag being inoculated with is put into 100,000 grades of clean culturing room, culture 15 days, 22 DEG C -25 of temperature are protected from light after stacking
DEG C, relative humidity 60%-70% is preserved ventilated；Bacterium bag is transferred up and down once, until mycelia every 5 days in incubation
Pure white to cover with entire bacterium bag, there is light yellow mycoderma, completes the culture of bacterium bag in bacterium bag surface.
A kind of aeroponic method of above-mentioned ganoderma lucidum, step 24）In sterilization method be：Inoculation is opened ultraviolet for 1 hour in advance
Lamp carries out disinfection, and transfer room will carry out transfer room whole fumigation after working 10 days, and potassium permanganate is placed on porcelain when disinfection
In bowl, then by formaldehyde to entering in bowl；Operating personnel immediately exit from transfer room, then sealing transfer room 24 hours opens the door, begin to rehearse gas
It fans formaldehyde removing, you can carry out inoculation work；The dosage of the formaldehyde and potassium permanganate is that every cubic metre of 7 grams of potassium permanganate are matched
Than 10 milliliter 40% formaldehyde.
A kind of aeroponic method of above-mentioned ganoderma lucidum, step 3）Specifically include the following contents：
31）Cleaning and sterilizing is carried out to Chu Zhi culturing room, elder generation's electricity consumption functional acid water spray sterilizes 30 minutes when disinfection, later Electricity Functional
In buck and 30 minutes；It is sterilized 2 hours with ultraviolet lamp, is repeated 3 times, is finished in one day above, it is forbidden to seal item later；
32）After ripe bacterium bag is moved into Chu Zhi culturing room, bacterium bag is neatly put on culturing rack, is stablized without optical culture 3~5
It, culture environment is 23 DEG C~25 DEG C of temperature, temperature 60%~70%, gas concentration lwevel 800mmp；When mycelia has been covered with entirely
Bacterium bag, and bacterium bag surface has occurred carrying out step 33 when wrinkle）；
33）Bacterium bag opens bud；Blockage is built up at the clean gauze of 30 centimetres of 30 cm x by planting, is put into wide-mouth bottle, then falls
The alcohol for entering 75% impregnated face immersion disinfection in 30 minutes；Triangular opening knife is burnt 3 minutes on flame, with 75% alcohol after cooling
The gauze impregnated smears wiping surface sterilization, the yarn that the drag hook handle for pulling open bacterium bag mouth plastic lid was also impregnated with 75% alcohol
Cloth smears wiping disinfection 3 times；Operator's both hands smear wiping disinfection 3 times with the gauze that 75% alcohol impregnates；Then 23 DEG C~25 DEG C of temperature,
Luxuriant processing is carried out out to bacterium bag under temperature 60%~70%, gas concentration lwevel 350ppm-600ppm, white light environment；
34）Go out ganoderma lucidum tender shoots；Go out during ganoderma lucidum tender shoots respectively into trip temperature, humidity, gas concentration lwevel and illuminance
It adjusts；
35）When the edge white disappearance of fructification becomes red, show that fructification is ripe, starts to spray spore.
A kind of aeroponic method of above-mentioned ganoderma lucidum, step 34）Described in the adjusting method of temperature be：It opens after bud 5-7 days
Afterwards, start to differentiate fruit body primordium, environment temperature is 25 DEG C ± 2 DEG C of daytime, 18 DEG C ± 2 DEG C at night；Bacterium bud is formed to hacking
When, 20 DEG C -25 DEG C of daytime, low 5 DEG C -7 DEG C at night；Fructification tends to be ripe to starting to distribute conidia powder, 25 DEG C -27 DEG C of daytime,
Low 5 DEG C -7 DEG C at night；
The adjusting method of humidity is：It opens in 48 hours luxuriant, temperature 60%~70%；Bud is opened after 48 hours, humidity 80%~85%；Occur
When fruit body primordium, humidity 85%~90%；When fructification reaches 1 centimetre of diameter, humidity 90%~95%；The side of fructification yellow-white
When edge is gradually reduced to 2mm~3mm, humidity gradually decreases down 80%~70%；Fructification is sprayed before conidia powder 5 days~7 days, humidity
70%；
The adjusting method of gas concentration lwevel is：The CO during going out sesame2Concentration control between 350ppm-400ppm, go out sesame
Cultivate indoor CO2Concentration >=400ppm when, be aerated cycle, supplement fresh air, reduce CO2Concentration；
The adjusting method of illuminance is：During going out sesame, intensity of illumination controls between 400lux~1500lux, and fructification is former
When base grows to diameter 1cm, feux rouges 400lux~600lux is fed, when ganoderma lucidum parachute-opening for being continued until 80% stops light filling.
A kind of aeroponic method of above-mentioned ganoderma lucidum, step 34）In further include dredging sesame management process, when same bacterium bag former base
When forming excessive, is prescinded from base portion with the 75% sharp pocket knife by disinfection, 1 ganoderma lucidum is retained per bacterium bag.
A kind of aeroponic method of above-mentioned ganoderma lucidum, step 4）Specifically include the following contents：
41）Fixed calico；3 snorkels are accessed in culturing rack, gas flows from bottom to top, is used totally in culturing rack surrounding
Non-woven fabrics surrounds, and non-woven fabrics top edge is fixed in culturing rack top with clamp spring, and non-woven fabrics is laid with below culturing rack；It is disposed around culture
A slide fastener is vertically arranged on the non-woven fabrics of frame surrounding every 1.5 meters；
42）It dusts；Weather indoor environment is during dusting：Temperature is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C, humidity 60%-70%, CO2It is a concentration of
350ppm~400ppm, intensity of illumination are 200lux~300lux；
43）Harvest conidia powder；The positive calico of culturing rack is first removed into clamp spring from top, being swept with row from top to bottom will be on calico
Conidia powder is swept totally；Powder is received when receiving powder since culturing rack most last layer bacterium bag, it, will in the same day after conidia powder is swept into container
Conidia powder is placed in the poly-bag of sealing, and is stored in 4 DEG C of refrigerator-freezers；
44）Harvest fructification；After ganoderma lucidum fruitbody harvests conidia powder, is cut off in fructification shank with wallpaper knife, rinsed with clear water
It is clean to obtain fructification.
A kind of aeroponic method of above-mentioned ganoderma lucidum, step 5）Two parts are processed including fructification processing and conidia powder；Institute
The processing method for stating fructification is：The fructification that will be cleaned up, same day slice；After slice fructification merging dryer in
The drying of 55 DEG C of -65 DEG C of temperature, when ganoderma lucidum fruitbody moisture content≤12%, reach quality standards；The processing method packet of the conidia powder
The step of including low-temperature bake, broken wall processing and filtering.
A kind of aeroponic method of above-mentioned ganoderma lucidum, the process of the conidia powder are as follows：
51）Lucidum spore powder is put into aluminium vessel, is placed in 4 ± 2 DEG C of ice water, is crossed 400 mesh sieve, is collected filtrate, filtrate
2000r/min centrifuges fast dewatering, collects blocky lucidum spore powder, 30 DEG C of -40 DEG C of vacuum dryings, conidia powder water content≤10%
When reach dries quantity standard；
52）The lucidum spore powder for meeting quality standard is put into wall-breaking machine, is rolled in low temperature, ultrasonic wave and mechanical high-speed
Method carries out broken wall, and temperature controls at -33 DEG C, broken wall treatment 500g/h, sporoderm-broken rate >=95% of spore；
53）Conidia powder after broken wall crushes processing, and crosses 80 mesh sieve and obtain conidia powder product.
As a result of above technical scheme, the invention technological progress is as follows.
Ganoderma lucidum in the present invention does not contact soil in the indoor entire growth course of artificial intelligence weather, does not spray insecticide,
There is no pesticide and heavy-metal residual, the quality of product is high, excellent with significantly competing compared with similar product currently on the market
Gesture.One artificial intelligent gas waits about 36 ㎡ of room area, and 100000 bacteria sticks can be planted per acre by being equivalent to, and 1 year can plant four batches,
Yield is tens times of traditional cultivation method.Such method can not only carry out the cultivation of ganoderma lucidum, can be also used for red ganoderma, flower
The cultivation of mushroom, hickory chick, worm flowers and plants, seafood mushroom, straw mushroom etc..
Specific implementation mode
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the present invention will be described in further detail.
A kind of aeroponic method of ganoderma lucidum, entire cultivation carry out in artificial intelligence climatic chamber, artificial intelligence
The cultivation pattern of climatic chamber is aerial fog cultivation pattern, plant can be allowed to be grown in the state of a kind of best, for accelerating plant
The speed of growth shortens breeding time, improves yield, has unique technical advantage；This cultivates pattern or a green non-pollution
Planting technology, realization exempt from pesticide cultivation, any chemical residual will not be generated to environment and vegetables, can be produced safe
Vegetable food.Artificial intelligence climatic chamber uses the natural conditions such as special hardware and computer simulation nature wind, light, water, electricity, mist
A kind of space cell, this space cell is changeable, can be fabricated to standardized room, for having different condition to nature
It is required that animal or plant cultivation and plantation.
The Multilayer culture shelf of cultivating ganoderma is provided in artificial intelligence climatic chamber, setting is used to monitor weather on shelf periphery
The enviromental monitoring equipment of indoor environment, for changing weather indoor environment state environment conditioning equipment and be used for control ring
The control device of border adjusting device working condition；In artificial intelligence climatic chamber subregion be provided with 100,000 grades of Clean Operating Labs, ten thousand grades
Between cleaning buffering, ten thousand grades of clean transfer rooms and 100,000 grades of clean culturing room, rest part be the Chu Zhi culturing room for cultivating ganoderma lucidum, train
Frame is supported to be arranged in Chu Zhi culturing room.
The enviromental monitoring equipment includes Temperature Humidity Sensor, CO2Concentration sensor and optical sensor, each sensor
Output end connect respectively with the input terminal of control device.Temperature Humidity Sensor is for monitoring the indoor humiture of weather, CO2It is dense
Degree sensor is for monitoring the indoor CO of weather2Concentration, optical sensor is for monitoring the indoor illuminance of weather, each sensor
The data of monitoring are sent to control device in real time, the foundation as control device adjusting ambient adjusting device.
The environment conditioning equipment includes constant-temperature heat exchanging device, ultrasonic atomization humidification device, light compensating apparatus, parallel air-supply
Device and CO2The output end of concentration adjusting device, each device is connect with the output end of control device respectively.Constant-temperature heat exchanging device
For the temperature for room of regulating the climate, humidity of the ultrasonic atomization humidification device for room of regulating the climate, light compensating apparatus is for adjusting
The illuminance of climatic chamber, parallel air-supply arrangement is for realizing room ventilation, CO2Concentration adjusting device is for adjusting indoor CO2It is dense
Degree, each device is respectively in the works under instruction of control device.
The most important hardware composition of artificial intelligence climatic chamber is temperature control equipment, under the control of temperature control equipment,
It can make indoor temperature under certain condition, humidity and CO2Concentration can be adjusted arbitrarily, fundamentally be solved three in traditional air conditioner room
Contradiction between person, makes it possible complete simulating natural condition.
Cultural method of the present invention specifically includes following steps.
1）The culture of strain.The step includes mainly the screening of kind, the selection of strain excellent, the separation of spore or tissue
And the culture of parent species, original seed and cultigen, the specific method is as follows for each substep.
11）Screening varieties：The red ganoderma kind with higher medical value is screened, is inoculated with using liquid spawn, in triangle
Bottle is cultivated 15 days, is cultivated 45 days in artificial intelligence climatic chamber, and spore powder with crushed sporoderm reaches requirement through national authority mechanism Testing index,
The kind of continuous 3 batches of experiment in cultivation favorable reproducibilities may be selected.During screening varieties, select that anti-polygamy is good, mycelia life
The strong kind of growing way, this veriety are not easy to be infected by Trichoderma viride.
12）Select strain excellent：The strain excellent of strong, the more U.S. appearance of growth selection in 100,000 grades of Clean Operating Labs,
For taking spore or tissue separation；It is required that kind property is pure, mycelia viability is strong, and mycelia is pure white, dense, healthy and strong, cell age is suitable, prevents
Strain brings Trichoderma viride into.
13）Detach spore or tissue：After obtaining spore using serial dilution, transfer needle picking one is aseptically used
Quantitative spore is injected in 10ml sterile waters and is shaken up, then is taken out 1ml spore liquids, is added in 9ml sterile waters, repeatedly
Dilution, until often dripping in dilution, only there are one when spore in the next visual field of low power lens, you can is cultivated.
14）Test tube PDA agar cultures：Parent species were in test tube PDA agar culture -8 days 6 days after separation, and original seed is in triangular flask liquid
Body culture 8 days, cultigen are cultivated 6 days in fermentation tank liquid, and cultivation temperature is 25 degree -28 DEG C.Culture liquid in triangular flask is adopted
With sterile water, the culture solution in fermentation tank is the suspension containing spore.
2）Cultivating in bag bacterium bag.The step includes mainly dispensing, pack, sterilizing, inoculation and the process of culture, each substep
The specific method is as follows.
21）Prepare culture medium：The culture medium of bacterium bag includes mainly major ingredient, auxiliary material and magnetized water.
For major ingredient using being exposed to the sun without the hardwood sawdust sieving 50-100mm to go mouldy, hardwood sawdust mainly uses acorn-cup
Section, Elaeocarpaceae, Hamamelidaceae；Forbid using the trees of pine, China fir, camphor tree, eucalyptus containing grease and fragrant penetrating odor, the purpose of sieving
It is to prevent from major ingredient from piercing through culture bag in pack miscellaneous bacteria is caused to infect；Sorting requires fresh, nothing to go mouldy, with a couple of days of being before exposed to the sun.
The formula of auxiliary material include the wooden chaff 7%, wheat skin 15%, corn flour 5%, brown sugar 0.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5%, calcium carbonate 1%,
Land plaster 1% and natural selenium-rich water.
The ratio of major ingredient and auxiliary material is 2:1-3:2, add magnetized water fully to mix thoroughly, water content control is in 60% or so, pH value
Medium for Ganoderma lucidum is made in ph5-6.
22）Pack：It is fed 1000g with Polythene Bag, pack amount wants suitable, elastic appropriateness, and it is automatic that extension can be used in when pack
Sack filling machine；Lantern ring on the outside of sack, then sack overturning is covered into the outer shroud for having air hole and forms bacterium bag, tremble the training on clean bacterium bag surface
It after nutriment, neatly stands up in heat safe plastic crate, carries out step 23 immediately）Sterilization treatment, prevent medium acidification.
23）Sterilizing：Plastic crate equipped with bacterium bag is sent into the high pressure vacuum sterilizing cabinet in ten thousand grades of clean bufferings, is carried out
High pressure-temperature vacuumizes sterilizing, 123 DEG C of sterilising temp, and sterilizing 5h is transferred to sterile-processed inoculation by the bacterium bag of sterilizing
Room opens ultra violet lamp and carries out disinfection.In sterilization process, if any damaged bacterium bag, then sterilizing is packed again.
24）Inoculation：Including disinfection and inoculation step.
Disinfection：The disinfection for being inoculated with preceding ten thousand grades of clean transfer rooms is carried out first, and sterilization method is：Inoculation opens purple in 1 hour in advance
Outer lamp carries out disinfection.After transfer room works 10 days, whole fumigation is carried out to transfer room, potassium permanganate is placed on by when disinfection
In china bowl, then by formaldehyde to entering in bowl；Operating personnel immediately exit from transfer room, then sealing transfer room 24 hours opens the door, begins to rehearse
Gas is fanned formaldehyde removing, you can carries out inoculation work；The dosage of the formaldehyde and potassium permanganate is every cubic metre of 7 grams of potassium permanganate
Match 10 milliliter of 40% formaldehyde.Certainly also available dedicated air sterillization powder carries out disinfection, and the dosage of special-purpose air disinfectant powder is dosage
For every cubic metre of 4g-8g, in use, by being lighted in special-purpose air disinfectant powder china bowl, operating personnel immediately exit from transfer room, sealing
Transfer room 24 hours, then opens the door, opens exhaust ventilation.
Inoculation：After the completion of disinfection, bacterium bag is put into ten thousand grades of clean transfer rooms, when bacterium bag internal temperature is down to≤28 DEG C into
Row inoculation, carries out liquid spawn inoculation, inoculum concentration 20ml-30ml ╱ bacterium bags；Inoculation environment is 22 DEG C -25 DEG C of temperature, relatively wet
Spend 60%-70%.Inoculum concentration is suitably increased in seeded process, Ganoderma lucidum mycelium is made to capture culture medium rapidly with absolute predominance, reduced
Living contaminants, it is antibacterial with bacterium：Before inoculation, operating personnel's both hands, clothing and inoculating tool, material palpus strict sterilization, operating personnel
It puts on a hat, the spore that Trichoderma viride is fallen on anti-hair is brought into；In seeded process, inoculation operation is quick as possible, skilled, prevents
Only bring miscellaneous bacteria and miscellaneous bacteria spore in seeded process into, since floating everywhere has the spore of Trichoderma viride in air, when operation cannot
Because invisible and off one's guard.
25）Culture：The bacterium bag being inoculated with is put into 100,000 grades of clean culturing room, culture 15 days, temperature 22 are protected from light after stacking
It DEG C -25 DEG C, relative humidity 60%-70%, preserves ventilated；Bacterium bag is transferred to primary, inspection up and down every 5 days in incubation
Living contaminants situation, removing are infected by bacteria bacterium bag；Entire bacterium bag is covered with when mycelia is pure white, light yellow mycoderma occurs in bacterium bag surface
When, complete the culture of bacterium bag.Individual bacterium bags will appear former base, and finger weight bacterium bag is flexible.
3）Ganoderma lucidum is cultivated.This step mainly include the steps that disinfection, culture, bacterium bag open bud and go out sesame, the tool of each branch
Body method is as follows.
31）Disinfection：Before ganoderma lucidum is cultivated, need to carry out cleaning and sterilizing to Chu Zhi culturing room.
Cleaning：Clear water Cleaning pipes, ground, wind turbine, heat exchanger are first used, is cleaned 3 times.
Disinfection：Elder generation's electricity consumption functional acid water spray sterilizes 30 minutes when disinfection, later in Electricity Functional buck and 30 minutes；With purple
Outer lamp sterilizes 2 hours, is repeated 3 times, is finished in one day above, and sealing item is forbidden later, keeps germ-free condition.
32）Culture：Operating personnel, which enter Chu Zhi culturing room, must wear work clothes, wash one's hands, change jobs shoes.By ripe bacterium bag
After moving into Chu Zhi culturing room, bacterium bag is neatly put on culturing rack, is stablized without optical culture 3~5 days, culture environment is 23 DEG C of temperature
~25 DEG C, temperature 60%~70%, gas concentration lwevel 800mmp；When mycelia has been covered with entire bacterium bag, and bacterium bag surface has gone out
Step 33 is carried out when existing wrinkle）.After bacterium bag enters Chu Zhi culturing room, until cultivation terminates, Chu Zhi culturing room will be in always
Good closed state.
It is required for carrying out cultivation mark, identification method in each bacterium bag：Kind/strain-cultivating chamber number-starts to cultivate day
Phase.Such as：01/S-01-160501 indicates kind 1, solid spawn, is proceeded by No. 01 cultivating chamber, from May 1st, 2016
Cultivation.
33）Bacterium bag, which is opened, to be needed before bud to carry out disinfection processing to gauze, tool and operating personnel, then carries out out bud again.
Sterilization method is：Blockage is built up at the clean gauze of 30 centimetres of 30 cm x by planting, is put into wide-mouth bottle, then
The alcohol for pouring into 75% impregnated face immersion disinfection in 30 minutes；Triangular opening knife is burnt 3 minutes on flame, with 75% wine after cooling
The gauze that essence was impregnated smears wiping surface sterilization, what the drag hook handle for pulling open bacterium bag mouth plastic lid was also impregnated with 75% alcohol
Gauze smears wiping disinfection 3 times；Operator's both hands smear wiping disinfection 3 times with the gauze that 75% alcohol impregnates；Then in temperature 23 DEG C~25
DEG C, luxuriant processing is carried out out to bacterium bag under temperature 60%~70%, gas concentration lwevel 350ppm-600ppm, white light environment.
Parachute-opening is arrived after opening bud（80% ganoderma lucidum diameter grows to 6cm-8cm in Chu Zhi culturing room）When, do not allow any inoperative people
Member enters in cultivating chamber, and external visit personnel are forbidden, to prevent Trichoderma viride.
34）Go out ganoderma lucidum tender shoots, goes out during ganoderma lucidum tender shoots respectively into trip temperature, humidity, gas concentration lwevel and illumination
The adjusting of degree；Go out the sesame management cycle about 30 days.
The adjusting method of temperature is：It opens after bud after 5-7 days, starts to differentiate fruit body primordium, environment temperature is daytime 25
DEG C ± 2 DEG C, at night 18 DEG C ± 2 DEG C；Bacterium bud is formed to when hacking, and on 20 DEG C -25 DEG C of daytime, evening is 5 DEG C -7 DEG C low；Fructification tends to
It is ripe to starting to distribute conidia powder, 25 DEG C -27 DEG C of daytime, low 5 DEG C -7 DEG C at night.
The adjusting method of humidity is：It opens in 48 hours luxuriant, temperature 60%~70%；Bud is opened after 48 hours, humidity 80%~85%；
When there is fruit body primordium, humidity 85%~90%；When fructification reaches 1 centimetre of diameter, humidity 90%~95%；Fructification yellow-white
Edge when being gradually reduced to 2mm~3mm, humidity gradually decreases down 80%~70%；Fructification is sprayed before conidia powder 5 days~7 days,
Humidity 70%.Sporophore growth to maturation color change：In vain → pale yellow → Huang → bronzing.
The adjusting method of gas concentration lwevel is：The CO during going out sesame2Concentration control between 350ppm-400ppm,
Go out sesame and cultivates indoor CO2Concentration >=400ppm when, be aerated cycle, supplement fresh air, reduce CO2Concentration.
The adjusting method of illuminance is：During going out sesame, intensity of illumination controls between 400lux~1500lux, and son is real
When body former base grows to diameter 1cm, feux rouges 400lux~600lux is fed, when ganoderma lucidum parachute-opening for being continued until 80% stops light filling.
Intensity of illumination is big, and carpophore and the growth of fructification lid are rapid, and sturdy, lid is thick, but is likely to occur precocious phenomenon；Intensity of illumination is low
Bad in 150lux sporophore growths, production conidia powder is few.Therefore the selection of illuminance influences the yield of conidia powder and quality
It is larger.
During going out sesame, when same bacterium bag former base forms excessive, cut from base portion with the sharp pocket knife of 75% disinfection
It goes, often packet retains 1 ganoderma lucidum；Dredge sesame principle be go it is weak stay it is strong, go it is close stay it is thin.Meanwhile also to check that ganoderma lucidum gives birth in the process
Long situation finds ganoderma lucidum and bacterium bag is mouldy to choose, replaced with infectious bacterium bag after choosing away, prevents bacterium bag and caves in.
35）When the edge white disappearance of fructification becomes red, show that fructification is ripe, starts to spray spore.
4）Conidia powder harvests.Include mainly fixed calico than step, dust, harvest conidia powder and harvest the mistake of fructification
The concrete operation method of journey, each substep is as follows.
41）Fixed calico：First choose the jejune bacterium bag concentration of entity to be placed on a culturing rack, in ripe fructification
3 snorkels are accessed in culturing rack, gas is flowed, surrounded with clean non-woven fabrics in culturing rack surrounding from bottom to top, and will training
It supports frame top and fixes non-woven fabrics top edge with clamp spring, non-woven fabrics is laid with below culturing rack；It is disposed around on the non-woven fabrics of culturing rack surrounding
A slide fastener is vertically arranged every 1.5 meters, slide fastener pulls open from bottom to top.
42）The process of dusting is generally required -30 days 25 days and is completed, and weather indoor environment is regulated and controled during dusting.
Conidia powder injection period temperature requirement is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C, and 28 DEG C are optimum temperature under conditions of well-ventilated,
Complete process of dusting within general 25 days~30 days.If needing 30 days~35 days could complete the process of dusting at 25 DEG C.
Conidia powder injection period humidity requires 60%~70%, and the fructification amount of dusting is reduced when humidity is too low, when humidity is too high
Fructification is easy to be infected by miscellaneous bacteria.
Conidia powder injection period CO2Concentration should control between 350ppm~400ppm, lead in time when more than 400ppm
Wind recycles, and supplement fresh air reduces CO2Concentration.
The intensity of illumination of conidia powder injection period controls between 200lux~300lux.
During dusting, operating personnel need to pull open calico daily, are irradiated with flashlight and go through bacterium bag and dust situation,
Once it was found that the bacterium bag for having miscellaneous bacteria to infect, clears out culturing rack by the bacterium bag immediately.When 1/5th white mould of bacterium bag infection
When, conidia powder should be harvested immediately.
In the process, if ventilation is ventilative poor, if humidity is too big, fructification is easy, by white mycotic infection, to make
It goes mouldy at conidia powder caking, loses edible value, therefore the indoor fresh air filter screen of artificial intelligence weather also takes cleaning one in two days
Secondary, preventing filter screen from blocking influences ventilation, and ganoderma lucidum growth deformity, the sealed and packed mark of conidia powder cleared out is caused to be put into 4 DEG C
Refrigerator-freezer stores in refrigerator-freezer.
During dusting, cultivating chamber cannot have condensation and seeping phenomenon, and the timely processing if having prevents conidia powder mouldy.
43）Harvest conidia powder；Ganoderma lucidum fruitbody process of dusting about needs 25-30 days, time of dusting too short influence yield, the time
Too long conidia powder is apt to deteriorate.To be confirmed according to actual conditions in production process and receive powder opportunity, it is found that fructification has stopped spraying
Powder can be received when spore can also receive powder in due course when observation finds that cap brown spore ejection amount gradually decreases.
The positive calico of culturing rack is first removed into clamp spring from top, with row sweep the conidia powder on calico is swept from top to bottom it is dry
Only；The calico at culturing rack both sides and top is removed after the conidia powder of whole bacterium bags harvests；From culturing rack most last layer when receipts powder
Bacterium bag starts to receive powder, after conidia powder is swept into container, is placed on conidia powder in the same day in the poly-bag of sealing, and be stored in 4 DEG C
In refrigerator-freezer.
44）Harvest fructification；After ganoderma lucidum fruitbody harvests conidia powder, is cut off in fructification shank with wallpaper knife, use clear water
Rinse acquisition fructification well.
5）Conidia powder and fructification are processed respectively.
The processing method of fructification is：The fructification that will be cleaned up, same day slice；Fructification merging drying after slice
It is dried with 55 DEG C of -65 DEG C of temperature in machine, when ganoderma lucidum fruitbody moisture content≤12% reaches quality standards.
The processing method of conidia powder includes the steps that low-temperature bake, broken wall processing and filtering.
51）Low-temperature bake：Lucidum spore powder is put into aluminium vessel, is placed in 4 ± 2 DEG C of ice water, is crossed 400 mesh sieve, is received
Collect filtrate, filtrate 2000r/min centrifuges fast dewatering, collects blocky lucidum spore powder, 30 DEG C of -40 DEG C of vacuum dryings, conidia powder
Reach dries quantity standard when water content≤10%.
52）The lucidum spore powder for meeting quality standard is put into wall-breaking machine, is ground in low temperature, ultrasonic wave and mechanical high-speed
The method of pressure carries out broken wall, and temperature controls at -33 DEG C, broken wall treatment 500g/h, sporoderm-broken rate >=95% of spore.
53）Conidia powder after broken wall crushes processing, and crosses 80 mesh sieve and obtain conidia powder product.
6）Packaging.The packaging of fructification and conidia powder is provided to execute by GB/T191, packaging sub-bottle dress, two kinds packed, use
Vacuum packaging, envelope are answered smooth tight, and ganoderma spove powder should be protected from light storage.
Lucidum spore powder after broken wall prepared by method using the present invention, after testing, performance indicator is as shown in the table.
Under the conditions of controllable environment using artificial intelligence climatic chamber, selenium element is added in the culture medium of ganoderma lucidum, by spirit
External source selenium element is transformed into the organic principle in ganoderma lucidum fruitbody and conidia powder, reaches Se-rich lucid ganoderma by the absorption and conversion of sesame
Purpose.Biological source Organic Selenium in ganoderma lucidum in physiology, pharmacologically the effect of more superior than inorganic selenium and safe to the human body, nothing
Toxic side effect.Edible selenium-rich food, food are extremely important to preventing disease raising people's health level.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of aeroponic method of ganoderma lucidum, which is characterized in that it is carried out in artificial intelligence climatic chamber in entire cultivation,
The Multilayer culture shelf of cultivating ganoderma is provided in artificial intelligence climatic chamber, setting is used to monitor weather indoor environment on shelf periphery
Enviromental monitoring equipment, set for changing the environment conditioning equipment of weather indoor environment state and for controlling environment conditioning
The control device of standby working condition；100,000 grades of Clean Operating Labs, ten thousand grades of clean bufferings are provided in the artificial intelligence climatic chamber
Between, ten thousand grades of clean transfer rooms, 100,000 grades of clean culturing room and Chu Zhi culturing room, culturing rack be arranged in Chu Zhi culturing room；
The cultural method specifically includes following steps：
1）The culture of strain；
2）Cultivating in bag bacterium bag；
3）Ganoderma lucidum is cultivated；
4）Conidia powder harvests；
5）Conidia powder and fructification are processed respectively；
6）Packaging.
2. a kind of aeroponic method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 1, which is characterized in that step 1）It specifically includes following
Content：
11）Screening varieties；The red ganoderma kind with higher medical value is screened, is inoculated with using liquid spawn, is trained in triangular flask
It supports 15 days, cultivated 45 days in artificial intelligence climatic chamber, index reaches requirement, continuous 3 batches of experiments in cultivation to spore powder with crushed sporoderm after testing
The kind of favorable reproducibility may be selected；
12）Select strain excellent；The strain excellent of strong, the more U.S. appearance of growth selection in 100,000 grades of Clean Operating Labs, for taking
Spore or tissue separation；
13）Detach spore or tissue；
14）Test tube PDA agar cultures；Parent species are trained in test tube PDA agar culture -8 days 6 days, original seed in triangular flask liquid after separation
It supports 8 days, cultigen is cultivated 6 days in fermentation tank liquid, and cultivation temperature is 25 degree -28 DEG C.
3. a kind of aeroponic method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 2, which is characterized in that step 2）It specifically includes following
Content：
21）Dispensing；Major ingredient crossed 50-100mm using being exposed to the sun without the hardwood sawdust that goes mouldy, the formula of auxiliary material include the wooden chaff 7%,
Wheat skin 15%, corn flour 5%, brown sugar 0.5%, potassium dihydrogen phosphate 5%, calcium carbonate 1%, land plaster 1% and natural selenium-rich water；Major ingredient and
The ratio of auxiliary material is 2:1-3:2, add magnetized water fully to mix thoroughly, ganoderma lucidum is made in 58%-62%, pH value ph5-6 in water content control
Culture medium；
22）Pack；It is fed 1000g with Polythene Bag, lantern ring on the outside of sack, then sack overturning is covered to the outer ring of tool air hole
At bacterium bag, after the compost for trembling clean bacterium bag surface, neatly stand up in heat safe plastic crate；
23）Sterilizing；Plastic crate equipped with bacterium bag is sent into the high pressure vacuum sterilizing cabinet in ten thousand grades of clean bufferings, into horizontal high voltage
High temperature vacuumizes sterilizing, and 123 DEG C of sterilising temp, sterilize 5h, and by the bacterium bag of sterilizing, it is slow to be transferred to sterile-processed transfer room
Between punching, opens ultra violet lamp and carry out disinfection；
24）Inoculation；The disinfection for being inoculated with preceding ten thousand grades of clean transfer rooms is carried out first, and after the completion of disinfection, bacterium bag is put into ten thousand grades of cleanings
Transfer room is inoculated with when bacterium bag internal temperature is down to≤28 DEG C, carries out liquid spawn inoculation, inoculum concentration 20ml-30ml ╱
Bacterium bag；Inoculation environment is 22 DEG C -25 DEG C of temperature, relative humidity 60%-70%；
25）Culture；The bacterium bag being inoculated with is put into 100,000 grades of clean culturing room, culture 15 days, 22 DEG C -25 of temperature are protected from light after stacking
DEG C, relative humidity 60%-70% is preserved ventilated；Bacterium bag is transferred up and down once, until mycelia every 5 days in incubation
Pure white to cover with entire bacterium bag, there is light yellow mycoderma, completes the culture of bacterium bag in bacterium bag surface.
4. a kind of aeroponic method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step 24）In disinfection side
Method is：Inoculation opens ultraviolet lamp in 1 hour in advance and carries out disinfection, and transfer room stifling to transfer room progress entirety will disappear after working 10 days
Potassium permanganate is placed in china bowl by poison, when disinfection, then by formaldehyde to entering in bowl；Operating personnel immediately exit from transfer room, and sealing connects
Kind room 24 hours, then opens the door, opens exhaust fan by formaldehyde removing, you can carry out inoculation work；The formaldehyde and potassium permanganate
Dosage is that every cubic metre of 7 grams of potassium permanganate matches 10 milliliter of 40% formaldehyde.
5. a kind of aeroponic method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 3, which is characterized in that step 3）It specifically includes following
Content：
31）Cleaning and sterilizing is carried out to Chu Zhi culturing room, elder generation's electricity consumption functional acid water spray sterilizes 30 minutes when disinfection, later Electricity Functional
In buck and 30 minutes；It is sterilized 2 hours with ultraviolet lamp, is repeated 3 times, is finished in one day above, it is forbidden to seal item later；
32）After ripe bacterium bag is moved into Chu Zhi culturing room, bacterium bag is neatly put on culturing rack, is stablized without optical culture 3~5
It, culture environment is 23 DEG C~25 DEG C of temperature, temperature 60%~70%, gas concentration lwevel 800mmp；When mycelia has been covered with entirely
Bacterium bag, and bacterium bag surface has occurred carrying out step 33 when wrinkle）；
33）Bacterium bag opens bud；Blockage is built up at the clean gauze of 30 centimetres of 30 cm x by planting, is put into wide-mouth bottle, then falls
The alcohol for entering 75% impregnated face immersion disinfection in 30 minutes；Triangular opening knife is burnt 3 minutes on flame, with 75% alcohol after cooling
The gauze impregnated smears wiping surface sterilization, the yarn that the drag hook handle for pulling open bacterium bag mouth plastic lid was also impregnated with 75% alcohol
Cloth smears wiping disinfection 3 times；Operator's both hands smear wiping disinfection 3 times with the gauze that 75% alcohol impregnates；Then 23 DEG C~25 DEG C of temperature,
Luxuriant processing is carried out out to bacterium bag under temperature 60%~70%, gas concentration lwevel 350ppm-600ppm, white light environment；
34）Go out ganoderma lucidum tender shoots；Go out during ganoderma lucidum tender shoots respectively into trip temperature, humidity, gas concentration lwevel and illuminance
It adjusts；
35）When the edge white disappearance of fructification becomes red, show that fructification is ripe, starts to spray spore.
6. a kind of aeroponic method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 5, which is characterized in that step 34）Described in temperature
Adjusting method be：It opens after bud after 5-7 days, starts to differentiate fruit body primordium, environment temperature is 25 DEG C ± 2 DEG C of daytime, at night
18℃±2℃；Bacterium bud is formed to when hacking, and on 20 DEG C -25 DEG C of daytime, evening is 5 DEG C -7 DEG C low；Fructification tends to be ripe to starting to dissipate
Conidia powder is sent out, on 25 DEG C -27 DEG C of daytime, evening is 5 DEG C -7 DEG C low；
The adjusting method of humidity is：It opens in 48 hours luxuriant, temperature 60%~70%；Bud is opened after 48 hours, humidity 80%~85%；Occur
When fruit body primordium, humidity 85%~90%；When fructification reaches 1 centimetre of diameter, humidity 90%~95%；The side of fructification yellow-white
When edge is gradually reduced to 2mm~3mm, humidity gradually decreases down 80%~70%；Fructification is sprayed before conidia powder 5 days~7 days, humidity
70%；
The adjusting method of gas concentration lwevel is：The CO during going out sesame2Concentration control between 350ppm-400ppm, go out Zhi Pei
Support indoor CO2Concentration >=400ppm when, be aerated cycle, supplement fresh air, reduce CO2Concentration；
The adjusting method of illuminance is：During going out sesame, intensity of illumination controls between 400lux~1500lux, and fructification is former
When base grows to diameter 1cm, feux rouges 400lux~600lux is fed, when ganoderma lucidum parachute-opening for being continued until 80% stops light filling.
7. a kind of aeroponic method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 5, which is characterized in that step 34）In further include dredging
Sesame management process is prescinded with the 75% sharp pocket knife by disinfection from base portion, when same bacterium bag former base forms excessive per bacterium
Packet retains 1 ganoderma lucidum.
8. a kind of aeroponic method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 5, which is characterized in that step 4）It specifically includes following
Content：
41）Fixed calico；3 snorkels are accessed in culturing rack, gas flows from bottom to top, is used totally in culturing rack surrounding
Non-woven fabrics surrounds, and non-woven fabrics top edge is fixed in culturing rack top with clamp spring, and non-woven fabrics is laid with below culturing rack；It is disposed around culture
A slide fastener is vertically arranged on the non-woven fabrics of frame surrounding every 1.5 meters；
42）It dusts；Weather indoor environment is during dusting：Temperature is 25 DEG C -28 DEG C, humidity 60%-70%, CO2It is a concentration of
350ppm~400ppm, intensity of illumination are 200lux~300lux；
43）Harvest conidia powder；The positive calico of culturing rack is first removed into clamp spring from top, being swept with row from top to bottom will be on calico
Conidia powder is swept totally；Powder is received when receiving powder since culturing rack most last layer bacterium bag, it, will in the same day after conidia powder is swept into container
Conidia powder is placed in the poly-bag of sealing, and is stored in 4 DEG C of refrigerator-freezers；
44）Harvest fructification；After ganoderma lucidum fruitbody harvests conidia powder, is cut off in fructification shank with wallpaper knife, rinsed with clear water
It is clean to obtain fructification.
9. a kind of aeroponic method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 8, which is characterized in that step 5）Including fructification plus
Work and conidia powder process two parts；
The processing method of the fructification is：The fructification that will be cleaned up, same day slice；Fructification merging drying after slice
It is dried with 55 DEG C of -65 DEG C of temperature in machine, when ganoderma lucidum fruitbody moisture content≤12% reaches quality standards；
The processing method of the conidia powder includes the steps that low-temperature bake, broken wall processing and filtering.
10. a kind of aeroponic method of ganoderma lucidum according to claim 8, which is characterized in that the processing of the conidia powder
Process is as follows：
51）Lucidum spore powder is put into aluminium vessel, is placed in 4 ± 2 DEG C of ice water, is crossed 400 mesh sieve, is collected filtrate, filtrate
2000r/min centrifuges fast dewatering, collects blocky lucidum spore powder, 30 DEG C of -40 DEG C of vacuum dryings, conidia powder water content≤10%
When reach dries quantity standard；
52）The lucidum spore powder for meeting quality standard is put into wall-breaking machine, is rolled in low temperature, ultrasonic wave and mechanical high-speed
Method carries out broken wall, and temperature controls at -33 DEG C, broken wall treatment 500g/h, sporoderm-broken rate >=95% of spore；
53）Conidia powder after broken wall crushes processing, and crosses 80 mesh sieve and obtain conidia powder product.
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