CN108770463B

CN108770463B - Conveying device of automatic harvester and using method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN108770463B
Application number: CN201810304194.2A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 高瑗敏
Original assignee: Taizhou Xinyi Intelligent Technology Co ltd
Current assignee: Taizhou Xinyi Intelligent Technology Co.,Ltd.
Priority date: 2018-04-08
Filing date: 2018-04-08
Publication date: 2021-06-11
Anticipated expiration: 2038-04-08
Also published as: CN108770463A

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a conveying device of an automatic harvester, which comprises a support arranged at the bottom of a beet harvester, wherein a toggle mechanism and a leakage-proof mechanism are connected on the support, the conveying device also comprises a conveying frame, the front end of the conveying frame is arranged at the bottom of the beet harvester and is positioned at the rear side of the support, the rear end of the conveying frame is arranged at the upper part of the beet harvester, the conveying frame consists of a long rod with a circular cross section, the front end of the conveying frame is provided with a feed inlet, the feed inlet is connected with a feed inclined plate, the rear end of the conveying frame is provided with a discharge outlet, the discharge outlet is connected with a discharge inclined plate, and at least two rotating mechanisms are arranged in the conveying frame. The purpose of simultaneously carrying out conveying and mud removal is realized, and the workload of subsequent beet treatment is reduced.

Description

Conveying device of automatic harvester and using method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanical equipment, and particularly relates to a conveying device of an automatic harvester and a using method thereof.

Background

Beet, also known as beta vulgaris, a biennial herb, native to western europe and the coastal south, is transplanted from sweden to spain, and is a major source of sugar in addition to sugarcane. Sugar beet originates from mediterranean coasts, and the wild species coastal beet is the ancestor of cultivated beet. It was introduced into china from the arabian in about 1500 b.c. In 1906 sugar beet was introduced into china. The cultivated beet includes sugar beet, leaf beet, root beet and fodder beet. China is a big country for beet production, but the mechanized harvesting technology of beet is relatively lagged behind, which severely restricts the development of beet industry in China. Beet is one of two important sugar sources in sugar industry, and beet sugar in China approximately accounts for 2/5 of world sugar yield. With the continuous development of sugar industry, the beet planting area and yield are also gradually increased year by year, so that beet harvesters are increasingly used. After the beet is dug out by the existing beet harvester, the beet is generally conveyed into a collecting hopper by a conveying mechanism.

A self-propelled beet harvester of patent No. 201320016424.8, trailing behind self-propelled motor vehicle frame and installing the beet leaf clearing machine who has the leaf device of cutting that has rotatory flail knife and the green head device that has rotatory chain that gets rid of, removing and installing the pickup plough in the frame of green head device rear beet leaf clearing machine through adjusting device, the lateral part at the pickup plough is setting up the opening disc, the first order lifting conveyor is connected through articulated guide pin gang in the rear of pickup plough, the second order lifting conveyor is connected to first order lifting conveyor discharge gate, the discharge gate of second order lifting conveyor is connected the import of the collecting box that sets up behind self-propelled motor vehicle, the bottom in the collecting box sets up horizontal conveyor, the bucket elevator that is located the collecting box outside is connected to horizontal conveyor's discharge gate.

Although this technical scheme can cut the leaf with the beet in the ground, remove blue or green head, excavate, collect and the loading work is once accomplished, and the beet head of cutting levels, it is not extravagant, the beet of digging out is cleaner, and the working property is stable, reliable, high working efficiency, however, promote the in-process that the conveyer carried the beet to the collecting box and do not get rid of the process of earth, a large amount of earth that bonds on the beet, can get into the collecting box along with the beet together in, the workman will pay out clear mud work when follow-up transportation, select separately, store and wash, when intensity of labour is big, it is costly to reap.

Disclosure of Invention

Based on the problems in the background art, the invention provides a conveying device of an automatic harvester and a using method thereof, which can automatically remove most of soil on beet in the working process of the automatic beet harvester, realize the purposes of conveying and removing the soil simultaneously and reduce the workload of subsequent beet treatment.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:

the utility model provides an automatic conveyor of harvester, is including installing the support in beet harvester bottom, be connected with toggle mechanism and leak protection mechanism on the support, toggle mechanism is used for dialling the beet to conveying frame, and leak protection mechanism is used for preventing the beet from spilling, still includes conveying frame, the conveying frame front end is installed in beet harvester bottom, and is located the support rear side, the conveying frame rear end is installed on beet harvester upper portion, conveying frame comprises for circular shape arc stock by the cross section, the conveying frame front end is provided with the feed inlet that is used for the beet to get into, the feed inlet is connected with the feeding swash plate, the conveying frame rear end is provided with and is used for beet exhaust discharge gate, the discharge gate is connected with ejection of compact swash plate, install two at least slewing mechanism in the conveying frame.

Further inject, slewing mechanism includes two bearing frames, two bearing frame internal rotation are connected with the pivot, be connected with two sprockets in two bearing frame outsides in the pivot, every the sprocket of homonymy connects gradually through the chain on slewing mechanism, is connected with the reducing gear box in a pivot of foremost, the input of reducing gear box is connected with first motor, the pivot middle part is connected with rotor blade.

Further inject, rotating vane includes the spliced pole, the spliced pole is connected at the pivot middle part, be connected with the rotating turret on the spliced pole, be connected with the dwang on the rotating turret, on every two adjacent slewing mechanism the dwang staggers in proper order, the distance of outermost end to pivot center on the dwang is R, and the centre-to-centre spacing of two adjacent pivots is D, then 2R > D. The structural design can reduce the dropping amount of the beets in the process of conveying the beets from one rotating mechanism to the next rotating mechanism.

Further, the number of the rotating blades is four, and the phase difference between every two adjacent rotating mechanisms is 45 degrees. Due to the structural design, the number of the fallen beets is further reduced, and the conveying speed is improved.

Further, the rotating frame is connected with a reinforcing rod on the back. Due to the structural design, the strength of the rotating frame can be improved, the deformation is prevented, and the service life is prolonged.

Further limit, the rotating frame and the rotating rod are both connected with bristles. Such structural design, in the transportation process of beet, the brush hair can be brushed the beet and swept, further brushes the earth that bonds on the beet, has strengthened the effect of desilting.

Further inject, toggle mechanism includes first mounting panel, first mounting panel lower extreme is connected with the second motor, the output shaft of second motor is connected with the blade. Such structural design, after the beet is dug out, the rotation of blade can be dialled the beet to the feeding swash plate on, makes things convenient for the beet to get into in the conveying frame.

Further, the output shaft of the second motor is connected with a connecting plate, and the blades are connected to the connecting plate through bolts. Due to the structural design, after the blade is damaged, the blade is convenient to disassemble.

Further defined, the surface of the blade is provided with a soft cushion layer. Due to the structural design, when the blades rotate, the blades can scratch the beet.

Further inject, leak protection mechanism includes the second mounting panel, second mounting panel lower extreme is connected with the third motor, the output shaft of third motor has the rolling disc, be connected with the rotation tooth on the rolling disc. Due to the structural design, when the stirring mechanism stirs the beets to the feeding inclined plate, the beets can be prevented from leaking out of the side.

The use method of the conveying device of the automatic harvester mainly comprises the following steps:

step one, feeding materials. When the beets are dug out, the rotation of the blades pulls the beets to the feeding inclined plate, meanwhile, the rotating teeth prevent the beets from leaking out of the side, and then the beets slide into the conveying frame from the feeding inclined plate;

and step two, conveying. The rotation of the rotating frame and the rotating rods lifts the beets upwards, the rotating rods of two adjacent rotating mechanisms are staggered with each other along with the continuous rotation of the rotating mechanisms, so the beets are conveyed from one rotating mechanism to the next rotating mechanism, and the beets are conveyed backwards ceaselessly along with the ceaseless rotation of each rotating mechanism; in the process that the beets are conveyed from one rotating mechanism to the next rotating mechanism, if the beets fall into the conveying frame, the rotation of the rotating mechanism can drive the beets to move from the front end of the bottom of the conveying frame, and finally the beets and the beets which just enter the conveying frame are lifted upwards by the rotating frame and the rotating rod and are conveyed backwards;

and step three, removing mud. In the process of conveying the beets, the mutual friction among the beets or the friction between the beets and the conveying frame and internal mechanisms thereof can scrape most of soil adhered on the beets, and the soil on the beets is further brushed under the combined action of the bristles on the rotating frame and the rotating rod, so that the removed soil falls out from gaps on the conveying frame;

and step four, discharging. After the beet is conveyed and deslimed, the beet finally slides out from the discharging inclined plate through the discharging port and falls into the storage box.

Drawings

The invention is further illustrated by the non-limiting examples given in the accompanying drawings;

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an embodiment of a conveying device of an automatic harvester according to the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion A of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a portion of the enlarged structure at B in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a schematic view of a portion of the enlarged structure at C in FIG. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a structure of a toggle mechanism connected to a frame in an embodiment of a conveying apparatus of an automatic harvester according to the present invention;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a rotor blade of an embodiment of a conveyor of an automatic harvester according to the invention;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the conveying process of an embodiment of the conveying device of the automatic harvester according to the invention;

the main element symbols are as follows:

the device comprises a support 1, a conveying frame 2, a feeding hole 21, a discharging hole 22, a feeding inclined plate 3, a discharging inclined plate 4, a rotating mechanism 5, a bearing seat 51, a rotating shaft 52, a chain wheel 53, a chain 54, a reduction gearbox 55, a first motor 56, a connecting column 57, a rotating frame 58, a rotating rod 59, a reinforcing rod 510, a second mounting plate 61, a third motor 62, a rotating disc 63, rotating teeth 64, a first mounting plate 71, a second motor 72, blades 73, a connecting plate 74, beet 8 and a beet harvester 9.

Detailed Description

In order that those skilled in the art can better understand the present invention, the following embodiments are provided to further illustrate the present invention.

As shown in fig. 1 to 6, the conveying device of an automatic harvester of the invention comprises a support 1 installed at the bottom of a beet harvester 9 (the dotted line in fig. 1 represents the bottom of the beet harvester 9), the support 1 is formed by welding stainless steel frames, a toggle mechanism and a leakage-proof mechanism are connected on the support 1, the toggle mechanism and the leakage-proof mechanism are fixedly connected on the support 1 through bolts, the conveying device also comprises a conveying frame 2, the conveying frame 2 is composed of long rods with circular cross sections (the long rods of the left and right side walls are not shown in the figure, the long rods can be steel bars or other structures), the front end of the conveying frame 2 is installed at the bottom of the beet harvester 9 and is positioned at the rear side of the support 1, the rear end of the conveying frame 2 is installed at the upper part of the beet harvester 9, thus beet 8 can be conveyed to a certain height from the ground and is convenient for the collection of the beet 8, the feed inlet 21 is connected with a feed sloping plate 3, the feed sloping plate 3 is composed of a plurality of long rods, the rear end of the conveying frame 2 is provided with a discharge port 22, the discharge port 22 is connected with a discharge sloping plate 4, the discharge sloping plate 4 is composed of a plurality of long rods, two rotating mechanisms 5 are installed in the conveying frame 2, each rotating mechanism 5 comprises two bearing seats 51, a rotating shaft 52 is rotationally connected in the two bearing seats 51, two chain wheels 53 are connected on the rotating shaft 52, the chain wheels 53 on the same side of the two rotating mechanisms 5 are sequentially connected through a chain 54, so that the two rotating mechanisms 5 rotate simultaneously, a reducing gearbox 55 is connected on one rotating shaft 52 at the foremost end, the input end of the reducing gearbox 55 is connected with a first motor 56, the middle part of the rotating shaft 52 is connected with a rotating blade, the rotating blade is used for driving the beet 8 to move, the rotating frames 58 are connected with rotating rods 59, the rotating rods 59 form a comb shape, the rotating rods 59 on the two rotating mechanisms 5 are staggered in sequence, so that the mutual interference of the rotating rods 59 on the two adjacent rotating mechanisms 5 is prevented, the distance from the outermost end of each rotating rod 59 to the center of each rotating shaft 52 is R, the center distance of each two adjacent rotating shafts 52 is D, and 2R is larger than D, so that the rotating rods 59 on the two rotating frames 58 have overlapped parts, the transportation of the beets 8 is facilitated, the number of the rotating blades is four, the phase difference of the two rotating mechanisms is 45 degrees, the back of each rotating frame 58 is connected with a reinforcing rod 510, each reinforcing rod 510 is made of steel bars, each toggle mechanism comprises a first mounting plate 71, the first mounting plate 71 is connected onto the support 1 through bolts, the lower end of the first mounting plate 71 is connected with a second motor 72, an output shaft of the second motor 72 is, the leakage-proof mechanism comprises a second mounting plate 61, the lower end of the second mounting plate 61 is connected with a third motor 62, the output shaft of the third motor 62 is connected with a rotating disc 63, and rotating teeth 64 are connected to the rotating disc 63.

In the above-described embodiment, a different number of turning mechanisms 5 can be installed, depending on the actual situation, so as to lift the beets 8 to the desired height, but the number of turning mechanisms 5 is at least two.

In the above embodiment, in order to further brush off the soil adhered to the beets 8 and enhance the effect of removing the soil, it is preferable that bristles are attached to both the rotating frame 58 and the rotating rod 59. Like this at beet 8's transportation in-process, the brush hair can be brushed beet 8 and swept, has strengthened the effect of desilting.

In the above embodiment, in order to reduce the scratch of the beet 8 caused by the blade 73, it is preferable that the surface of the blade 73 is provided with a cushion layer.

In the above embodiment, in operation, the second motor 72 drives the blade 73 to rotate, the third motor 62 drives the rotating teeth 64 to rotate, the first motor 56 drives the rotating shaft 52 to rotate through the reduction box 55, and the rotating shaft 52 drives the rotating mechanism 5 to rotate through the chain wheel 53 and the chain 54; as shown in fig. 7, when the beets 8 are dug out, the rotation of the blades 73 pulls the beets 8 towards the feeding sloping plate 3, and the rotating teeth 64 prevent the beets 8 from leaking out of the side, and then the beets 8 slide into the conveying frame 2 from the feeding sloping plate 3, the rotating frames 58 and the rotating rods 59 rotate to lift the beets 8 upwards, and as the rotating mechanisms 5 continue to rotate, because the rotating rods 59 of two adjacent rotating mechanisms 5 are staggered, the beets 8 are conveyed from one rotating mechanism 5 to the next rotating mechanism 5, and as each rotating mechanism 5 continuously rotates, the beets 8 are continuously conveyed backwards, finally slide out of the discharging sloping plate 4 through the discharging port 22 and fall into the storage box; in the process that the beets 8 are conveyed from one rotating mechanism 5 to the next rotating mechanism 5, if the beets 8 fall into the conveying frame 2, the rotation of the rotating mechanism 5 drives the beets 8 to move from the front end of the bottom of the conveying frame 2, and finally the beets 8 which just enter the conveying frame 2 are lifted upwards by the rotating frame 58 and the rotating rod 59 and further slide out from the discharging inclined plate 4; in the process that the beet 8 is conveyed, the mutual friction between the beet 8 or the friction between the beet 8 and the conveying frame 2 and the internal mechanism thereof can scrape most of soil adhered on the beet 8, and the bristles on the rotating frame 58 and the rotating rod 59 act together to further brush the soil on the beet 8, so that the removed soil falls out from the gap on the conveying frame 2, and the purpose of removing the soil is achieved.

The use method of the conveying device of the automatic harvester mainly comprises the following four steps of feeding, conveying, mud removing and discharging:

firstly, feeding. When the beets 8 are dug out, the rotation of the blades 73 pulls the beets 8 towards the feeding inclined plate 3, meanwhile, the rotating teeth 64 prevent the beets 8 from leaking out of the side, and then the beets 8 slide into the conveying frame 2 from the feeding inclined plate 3;

and II, conveying. The rotation of the rotating frame 58 and the rotating rods 59 lifts the beet 8 upwards, the beet 8 is conveyed from one rotating mechanism 5 to the next rotating mechanism 5 along with the continuous rotation of the rotating mechanisms 5, and the beet 8 is conveyed backwards continuously because the rotating rods 59 of two adjacent rotating mechanisms 5 are staggered with each other along with the continuous rotation of each rotating mechanism 5; in the process that the beets 8 are conveyed from one rotating mechanism 5 to the next rotating mechanism 5, if the beets 8 fall into the conveying frame 2, the rotation of the rotating mechanism 5 drives the beets 8 to move from the front end of the bottom of the conveying frame 2, and finally, the beets 8 which just enter the conveying frame 2 are lifted upwards by the rotating frame 58 and the rotating rod 59 and conveyed backwards;

and thirdly, removing mud. In the process of conveying the beets 8, most of soil adhered to the beets 8 can be scraped off by mutual friction between the beets 8 or friction between the beets 8 and the conveying frame 2 and internal mechanisms thereof, and the soil on the beets 8 is further brushed off under the combined action of bristles on the rotating frame 58 and the rotating rod 59, so that the removed soil falls out from gaps on the conveying frame 2;

fourthly, discharging. After being conveyed and desilted, the beet 8 finally slides out from the discharging inclined plate 4 through the discharging port 22 and falls into the storage box.

The invention has the following advantages:

1. due to the arrangement of the shifting mechanism, after the beets are dug out, the rotation of the blades can shift the beets to the rotating rod, so that the beets are conveniently conveyed;

2. the arrangement of the anti-leakage mechanism can prevent the beet from flying out from the side when the beet is pulled to the conveying frame, thereby realizing the purpose of conveying all the beet into the conveying frame;

3. the arrangement of the conveying frame and the rotating mechanism can automatically remove most of soil on the beet in the working process of the beet automatic harvester, realize the purpose of simultaneously conveying and removing mud, and reduce the subsequent workload of beet treatment.

The above detailed description is provided for the conveying device of the automatic harvester and the using method thereof. The description of the specific embodiments is only intended to facilitate an understanding of the method of the invention and its core ideas. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides an automatic conveyor of harvester, is including installing support (1) in beet harvester (9) bottom, its characterized in that: the beet harvester is characterized in that the support (1) is connected with a shifting mechanism and further comprises a conveying frame (2), the front end of the conveying frame (2) is installed at the bottom of the beet harvester (9) and is located on the rear side of the support (1), the rear end of the conveying frame (2) is installed at the upper part of the beet harvester (9), the conveying frame (2) is composed of a long rod with a circular cross section, a feed inlet (21) is formed in the front end of the conveying frame (2), the feed inlet (21) is connected with a feed inclined plate (3), a discharge outlet (22) is formed in the rear end of the conveying frame (2), the discharge outlet (22) is connected with a discharge inclined plate (4), and at least two rotating mechanisms (5) are installed in the conveying frame;

the rotating mechanism (5) comprises two bearing seats (51), rotating shafts (52) are rotationally connected in the two bearing seats (51), two chain wheels (53) are connected to the outer sides of the two bearing seats (51) on the rotating shafts (52), the chain wheels (53) on the same side of each rotating mechanism (5) are sequentially connected through chains (54), a reduction gearbox (55) is connected to one rotating shaft (52) at the front end, the input end of the reduction gearbox (55) is connected with a first motor (56), and rotating blades are connected to the middle of each rotating shaft (52);

the toggle mechanism comprises a first mounting plate (71), the lower end of the first mounting plate (71) is connected with a second motor (72), and an output shaft of the second motor (72) is connected with a blade (73);

a soft cushion layer is arranged on the surface of the blade (73);

rotating vane includes spliced pole (57), spliced pole (57) are connected at pivot (52) middle part, be connected with rotating turret (58) on spliced pole (57), be connected with dwang (59) on rotating turret (58), on every two adjacent slewing mechanism dwang (59) stagger in proper order, the distance of furthest department to pivot (52) center is R on dwang (59), and the centre-to-centre spacing of two adjacent pivots (52) is D, then 2R > D.

2. The conveying apparatus of an automatic harvester according to claim 1, characterized in that: the number of the rotating blades is four, and the phase difference between every two adjacent rotating mechanisms is 45 degrees.

3. The conveying apparatus of an automatic harvester according to claim 2, characterized in that: the back of the rotating frame (58) is connected with a reinforcing rod (510).

4. The conveying apparatus of an automatic harvester according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the rotating frame (58) and the rotating rod (59) are connected with bristles.

5. The conveying apparatus of an automatic harvester according to claim 4, characterized in that: an output shaft of the second motor (72) is connected with a connecting plate (74), and the blades (73) are connected to the connecting plate (74) through bolts.

6. The use method of the conveying device of the automatic harvester is characterized in that: mainly comprises the following steps of (1) carrying out,

step one, a support (1) is installed at the bottom of a feeding beet harvester (9), a shifting mechanism is connected to the support (1) and comprises a first mounting plate (71), a second motor (72) is connected to the lower end of the first mounting plate (71), a blade (73) is connected to an output shaft of the second motor (72), the second motor (72) drives the blade (73) to rotate, a feeding hole (21) is formed in the front end of a conveying frame (2), the feeding hole (21) is connected with a feeding inclined plate (3), a discharging hole (22) is formed in the rear end of the conveying frame (2), the discharging hole (22) is connected with a discharging inclined plate (4), at least two rotating mechanisms (5) are installed in the conveying frame (2), each rotating mechanism (5) comprises a rotating shaft (52), and two chain wheels (53) are connected to the outer sides of two bearing seats (51) on the rotating shaft, the chain wheels (53) on the same side of each rotating mechanism (5) are sequentially connected through chains (54), a reduction gearbox (55) is connected to one rotating shaft (52) at the front end, the input end of the reduction gearbox (55) is connected with a first motor (56), the middle of the rotating shaft (52) is connected with rotating blades, each rotating blade comprises a connecting column (57), the connecting column (57) is connected to the middle of the rotating shaft (52), a rotating frame (58) is connected to the connecting column (57), a rotating rod (59) is connected to the rotating frame (58), the first motor (56) drives the rotating shaft (52) to rotate through the reduction gearbox (55), and the rotating shaft (52) drives the rotating mechanisms (5) to rotate through the chain wheels (53) and the chains (54);

after the beets (8) are dug out, the rotation of the blades (73) enables the beets (8) to be shifted to the feeding inclined plate (3), and then the beets (8) slide into the conveying frame (2) from the feeding inclined plate (3);

conveying, namely lifting the beet (8) upwards by the rotation of the rotating frames (58) and the rotating rods (59), conveying the beet (8) from one rotating mechanism (5) to the next rotating mechanism (5) along with the continuous rotation of the rotating mechanisms (5) because the rotating rods (59) of two adjacent rotating mechanisms (5) are staggered, and conveying the beet (8) backwards ceaselessly along with the ceaseless rotation of each rotating mechanism (5); in the process that the beets (8) are conveyed from one rotating mechanism (5) to the next rotating mechanism (5), if the beets (8) fall into the conveying frame (2), the rotating mechanism (5) rotates to drive the beets (8) to move from the front end of the bottom of the conveying frame (2), and finally the beets (8) which just enter the conveying frame (2) are lifted upwards by the rotating frame (58) and the rotating rod (59) and conveyed backwards;

step three, removing mud, wherein in the process of conveying the beets (8), most of mud adhered to the beets (8) can be scraped off by mutual friction between the beets (8) or friction between the beets (8) and the conveying frame (2) and internal mechanisms of the conveying frame (2), and the mud on the beets (8) is further brushed off under the combined action of bristles on the rotating frame (58) and the rotating rod (59), so that the removed mud falls out from gaps on the conveying frame (2);

and step four, discharging, namely after the beet (8) is conveyed and desilted, the beet finally slides out from the discharging inclined plate (4) through the discharging port (22) and falls into the storage box.