CN110754198A

CN110754198A - Harvesting machine

Info

Publication number: CN110754198A
Application number: CN201911234783.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗曜; 王凯; 彭志红; 肖博强; 胡心灵; 李铁辉; 龚衍; 贺世伟
Original assignee: Hunan Province Farmers Agricultural Equipment Ltd By Share Ltd
Current assignee: Hunan Province Farmers Agricultural Equipment Ltd By Share Ltd
Priority date: 2019-12-05
Filing date: 2019-12-05
Publication date: 2020-02-07

Abstract

The invention discloses a harvester which comprises a chassis, wherein a soil breaking shovel is arranged at the front end of the chassis, a soil breaking auger is arranged in the soil breaking shovel, the soil breaking auger is used for crushing and stirring soil wrapped with fruits, a screening and conveying chain is arranged in the stirring direction of the soil breaking auger, the screening and conveying chain is used for conveying the fruits containing soil scraps and primarily screening the soil scraps in the fruits, a round roller screen is arranged in the conveying direction of the screening and conveying chain, the round roller screen is used for secondarily screening the soil scraps in the fruits, and a hopper used for receiving and storing the fruits is connected to the round roller screen. Through the structural design of the harvester, the mechanized harvesting of crops such as the oil beans which are grown in the ground can be effectively realized, the labor intensity of farmers can be effectively reduced, and the harvesting efficiency can be improved.

Description

Harvesting machine

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a harvester.

Background

China is a world large country for agricultural production, and agricultural mechanization is continuously developed in China for further reducing the labor intensity of farmers and improving the production efficiency. In actual operation, crops and operation environments faced by agricultural machinery are increasingly complex and diverse, the mechanization degree of the traditional agricultural machinery in China to the special crops is not high, but the requirement of the special crops on the mechanization is more urgent, such as the oil sand beans.

The sweetened bean paste is also called as the sweetgrass, is originally produced in northeast of Africa, is originally named as 'underground walnut', can be used for extracting oil, is a delicious dish on a dining table, is stewed, fried and fried, is crisp, fragrant, sweet and delicious, and is a difficult delicious food, so that the sweetened bean paste is larger and larger in planting area in China. In actual operation, the elaeagnus mollis is an overground, standing grain and underground result, the underground nuclear rhizome and fruit is mainly picked during harvesting, and existing designed harvesters are usually directed at crops with fruit growing on the overground stem, so that the existing elaeagnus mollis can be picked only manually by manpower, and therefore, the labor intensity of farmers is extremely high, and the harvesting efficiency is extremely low.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a harvester which can effectively realize the mechanized harvesting of crops such as oil beans which grow underground through the structural design of the harvester, thereby effectively reducing the labor intensity of farmers and improving the harvesting efficiency.

The utility model provides a harvester, includes the chassis, the chassis front end is provided with the break shovel, be provided with the hack screw feeder in the break shovel, the hack screw feeder is used for the parcel to have the breakage of the soil of fruit and stirs and send, be provided with the screening conveying chain on the stirring direction of hack screw feeder, the screening conveying chain is arranged in the transmission of the fruit that contains the soil bits and the first screening of soil bits in the fruit, be provided with the round roller screen in the transmission direction of screening conveying chain, the round roller screen is arranged in the screening once more of soil bits in the fruit, be connected with the hopper that is used for the fruit to receive the storage on the round roller screen.

Preferably, the chassis is a tracked chassis.

Preferably, a cab is arranged on the chassis.

Preferably, a lifting oil cylinder for lifting control of the soil breaking shovel is arranged between the soil breaking shovel and the chassis.

Preferably, a material receiving plate is arranged between the round roller screen and the hopper.

Preferably, the side surface of the round roller screen is provided with an ash cleaning brush for cleaning the screen of the round roller screen.

Preferably, be provided with on the break shovel and be used for the break shovel depth of earth is prescribed a limit to the mechanism, the depth limit mechanism includes mobilizable bracing piece, connects limit for depth wheel and the adjusting cylinder on the bracing piece.

Preferably, the soil crushing auger comprises an auger shaft, auger blades arranged on the left side of the auger shaft and a poking plate arranged on the right side of the auger shaft.

Preferably, the screening conveying chain comprises a driving roller, a driven roller, a transmission chain wound outside the driving roller and the driven roller, a conveying plate and a screening strip which are arranged on the transmission chain in parallel at intervals, wherein the conveying plate and the screening strip are perpendicularly intersected with the transmission chain.

Preferably, the circular roller screen includes a screen drum, a gear ring is provided outside the screen drum, gear ring external toothing has drive gear, the last driving motor that is connected with of drive gear, the import department of a screen drum is provided with feeding baffle, the exit of a screen drum is provided with ejection of compact baffle, a screen drum inner wall is provided with the edge the propulsion screw feeder of a screen drum import direction export direction, the end of propelling the screw feeder is provided with ejection of compact scraper blade.

The invention has the beneficial effects that: when the harvester is used for harvesting crops such as the oil beans, the chassis drives the soil breaking shovel to move forward after the harvester is started, soil with fruits grows on the soil breaking shovel, meanwhile, soil with the fruits wrapped on the soil enters the soil breaking shovel along with the forward movement of the soil breaking shovel, a soil breaking auger arranged in the soil breaking shovel breaks and stirs the soil with the fruits wrapped on the soil breaking shovel, then a screening conveying chain conveys the fruits with soil scraps, the soil scraps in the fruits are screened for the first time, and finally, the soil scraps in the fruits are screened again by a round roller screen, so that clean fruits are obtained and conveyed to a hopper. The harvester provided by the invention can effectively realize the mechanized harvesting of crops such as the oil beans which grow in the ground, effectively reduce the labor intensity of farmers and improve the harvesting efficiency.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the provided drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of a harvester disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of a depth stop mechanism disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a schematic structural view of the soil crushing auger disclosed in embodiment 3 of the present invention;

FIG. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a screening conveyor chain disclosed in embodiment 4 of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the circular rolling screen disclosed in embodiment 5 of the present invention.

Detailed Description

In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the technical solutions in the present application, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present application.

In the description of the present invention, it is to be understood that the terms "front end", "upper", "left", "right", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, but do not indicate or imply that the referred device or element must have a specific orientation, be constructed in a specific orientation, and be operated, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example 1:

referring to fig. 1, fig. 1 provides a specific embodiment of the harvester of the present invention, wherein fig. 1 is a schematic view of the overall structure of the harvester disclosed in embodiment 1 of the present invention.

As shown in figure 1, the harvester provided by the invention can effectively realize the mechanized harvesting of crops such as oil beans which are grown underground, effectively reduce the labor intensity of farmers and improve the harvesting efficiency. The harvester comprises a chassis 1, a soil breaking shovel 2, a soil crushing auger 3, a screening conveying chain 4, a round roller screen 5, a hopper 6, a cab 7, a lifting oil cylinder 8, a material receiving plate 9 and an ash cleaning brush 10.

In this embodiment, the harvester includes a chassis 1, and the chassis 1 is used for providing support for installation of other mechanisms, and can drive other components to move together. In particular, to further facilitate the harvester to walk on different road conditions, the chassis 1 is preferably a crawler-type chassis. Meanwhile, the crawler-type chassis can effectively guarantee that the machine operates in small plots in hilly and mountainous areas, the turning radius is small, the rolling force of the plots is small, and the field operation is stable.

In this embodiment, the front end of the chassis 1 is provided with a soil breaking shovel 2, and the soil breaking shovel 2 is used for breaking and shoveling soil with fruits. When the harvesting operation of the sweetened bean paste is carried out, the soil breaking depth of the soil breaking shovel 2 is adjusted, the sweetened bean paste and the soil are turned out together by the soil breaking shovel 1 along with the forward running of the whole harvester, and then the sweetened bean paste and the soil enter the inside of the soil breaking shovel 1 along with the forward running of the soil breaking shovel 1 to be shoveled and collected. Specifically, the breaking shovel 2 can be fixed on the chassis 1 in a hinged manner through a bracket.

In this embodiment, be provided with hack screw feeder 3 in the broken shovel 2, hack screw feeder 3 is used for the parcel to have the breakage and the stirring of the soil of fruit to send.

In this embodiment, be provided with screening conveying chain 4 in the stirring direction of hack screw feeder 3, screening conveying chain 4 is used for the transmission of the fruit that contains the soil bits and the first screening of soil bits in the fruit. Specifically, the integrated screening of screening conveying chain 4 that this scheme provided is as an organic whole with transport function, screens at the in-process of carrying, greatly alleviates follow-up round roller sieve 5's screening load.

In this embodiment, a round roller sieve 5 is arranged in the conveying direction of the screening and conveying chain 4, the round roller sieve 5 is used for screening and removing soil scraps in fruits again, and a hopper 6 for receiving and storing the fruits is connected to the round roller sieve 5.

When the harvester provided by the invention is used for harvesting crops such as oil beans and the like, the chassis 1 drives the soil breaking shovel 2 to move forward after the harvester is started, the soil with fruits is shoveled by the soil breaking shovel 2, meanwhile, the soil with the fruits is wrapped by the soil breaking shovel 2 and enters the soil breaking shovel 2 along with the movement of the soil breaking shovel 2, the soil wrapping the fruits is broken and stirred by the soil breaking auger 3 arranged in the soil breaking shovel 2, then the fruits with soil scraps are conveyed by the screening and conveying chain 4, the soil scraps in the fruits are primarily screened, and finally, the soil scraps in the fruits are screened again by the round roller screen 5, so that clean fruits are obtained and are conveyed to the hopper 6.

On the whole, the harvester provided by the invention can effectively realize the mechanized harvesting of crops such as oil beans which grow underground, effectively reduce the labor intensity of farmers and improve the harvesting efficiency.

In this embodiment, to further facilitate the operation and control of the driver, it is preferable that the chassis 1 is provided with a cab 7.

In this embodiment, in order to further facilitate the control of the shoveling depth of the soil breaking shovel 2, preferably, a lifting cylinder 8 for controlling the lifting of the soil breaking shovel is arranged between the soil breaking shovel 2 and the chassis 1. In addition, when the machine is not in operation, the lifting oil cylinder 8 can lift the soil breaking shovel 2, so that the equipment can be conveniently moved and transported.

In this embodiment, in order to further smoothly guide the clean fruits in the roller screen 5 to the hopper 6, a receiving plate 9 is preferably disposed between the roller screen 5 and the hopper 6.

In this embodiment, the side surface of the round roller screen 5 is provided with an ash removal brush 10 for cleaning the screen of the round roller screen 5. Specifically, the ash removal brush 10 is generally installed on the side of the round roller screen 5, and when the ash removal brush 10 is used, the rotation direction of the ash removal brush 10 is opposite to that of the round roller screen 5, so that the ash removal brush 10 can brush soil and roots adhered to the surface of the round roller screen 5, the smoothness of screen holes of the round roller screen 5 is kept, and screening quality is ensured.

Example 2:

referring to fig. 2, fig. 2 provides a specific embodiment of the depth stop mechanism of the present invention, wherein fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the depth stop mechanism disclosed in embodiment 2 of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the soil breaking blade 2 is provided with a depth limiting mechanism 11 for limiting the soil breaking blade shoveling depth, and the depth limiting mechanism 11 includes a movable supporting rod 1101, a depth limiting wheel 1102 connected to the supporting rod 1101, and an adjusting oil cylinder 1103.

In the concrete operation, the depth stop mechanism is generally installed in 2 both sides of broken shovel, adjusts the lift of broken shovel 2, adjusts depth stop mechanism 11 simultaneously, through the relative position of adjusting oil cylinder 1103 control depth wheel 1102 for the relative soil top layer of the shovel degree of depth of broken shovel 2 is fixed, and along with going forward of harvester complete machine, broken shovel 2 rolls out oil sand beans and soil together and gets into inside the broken shovel 2.

On the whole, the depth limiting mechanisms arranged on the two sides of the soil breaking shovel 2 are beneficial to controlling the soil breaking depth of the soil breaking shovel 2, and the operation quality is ensured.

Example 3:

referring to fig. 3, fig. 3 provides an embodiment of the soil crushing auger according to the present invention, wherein fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the soil crushing auger disclosed in embodiment 3 of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the soil crushing auger 3 includes an auger shaft 301, an auger blade 302 installed on the left side of the auger shaft 301, and a poking plate 303 installed on the right side of the auger shaft 301.

Specifically, the inside back of husky beans of oil and soil entering break shovel 2, when garrulous auger 3 of process, auger shaft 301 drives auger blade 302 and dials the board 303 clockwise rotation together, and auger blade 302 is pushing away soil to dialling board 303 one side from the left right side when garrulous beans of oil and soil is broken, dials the tooth's socket structure on the board 303 and further smashes earth to dial earth to on screening conveying chain 4.

Example 4:

referring to fig. 4, fig. 4 provides a specific embodiment of the screening conveyor chain of the present invention, wherein fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of the screening conveyor chain disclosed in embodiment 4 of the present invention;

in this embodiment, the screening conveyor chain 4 includes a driving roller 401 and a driven roller 402, a transmission chain 403 wound outside the driving roller 401 and the driven roller 402, and a conveying plate 404 and a screening bar 405 arranged on the transmission chain 403 in parallel and spaced apart, wherein the conveying plate 404 and the screening bar 405 are perpendicular to the transmission chain 403.

Specifically, thereby screening conveying chain 4 pulls driven voller 402 through drive roller 401 and drives whole driving chain 403 clockwise rotation, and conveying board 404 on the screening conveying chain 4 will take the husky beans card of earth to exist on screening strip 405, accomplishes the transport of husky beans, and the earth in small, broken bits leaks through the clearance between screening strip 405 simultaneously to realize the first screening of earth, make the husky beans of oil that transport to follow-up round roller screen 5 comparatively clean.

Example 5:

referring to fig. 5, fig. 5 provides a specific embodiment of the round rolling screen of the present invention, wherein fig. 5 is a schematic structural view of the round rolling screen disclosed in embodiment 5 of the present invention.

In this embodiment, the round roller sieve 5 includes a sieve section of thick bamboo 501, be provided with ring gear 502 outside the sieve section of thick bamboo 501, ring gear 502 external toothing has drive gear 503, be connected with driving motor 504 on the drive gear 503, the import department of a sieve section of thick bamboo 501 is provided with feeding baffle 505, the exit of a sieve section of thick bamboo 501 is provided with ejection of compact baffle 506, a sieve section of thick bamboo 501 inner wall is provided with the edge the promotion screw feeder 507 of sieve section of thick bamboo 501 import direction export direction, the end of promoting the screw feeder 507 is provided with ejection of compact scraper blade 508.

Specifically, when the beans with the oil and the mud conveyed by the screening conveyor chain 4 fall into the round roller screen 5, the feeding baffle 505 at the front end of the round roller screen 5 prevents the beans with the oil from spilling out of the round roller screen 5 to cause loss, the driving gear 503 rotates after the driving motor 504 is started, the driving gear 503 drives the gear ring 502 to rotate, the gear ring 502 further drives the screen cylinder 501 to rotate together, the driving motor 504 controls the rotating direction of the round roller screen 5, the beans with the oil roll in the screen cylinder 501 are pushed to the rear outlet by the pushing screw feeder 507 while rolling and screening, the discharging baffle 506 blocks the beans with the oil from being directly sent out of the round roller screen 5 until the discharging scraper 508 scrapes the beans with the oil upwards to fall onto the material receiving plate, and the beans with the oil further roll to the hopper, so that the harvesting and cleaning of the beans with the oil are completed.

In this embodiment, the propelling auger 507 arranged inside the round roller screen 5 can push the screened seed grains to the rear side without mixing with the seed grains to be screened, so that the screening quality can be effectively improved.

The above description provides a harvester according to the present invention. The principles and embodiments of the present invention are explained herein using specific examples, which are presented only to assist in understanding the method and its core concepts. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, it is possible to make various improvements and modifications to the present invention without departing from the principle of the present invention, and those improvements and modifications also fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The utility model provides a harvester, its characterized in that, includes the chassis, the chassis front end is provided with the break shovel, be provided with the hack screw feeder in the break shovel, the hack screw feeder is used for the parcel to have the breakage and the stirring of the soil of fruit, be provided with the screening conveying chain on the stirring direction of hack screw feeder, the screening conveying chain is arranged in the transmission of the fruit that contains the soil bits and the first screening of soil bits in the fruit, be provided with the round roller screen in the transmission direction of screening conveying chain, the round roller screen is arranged in the screening once more of soil bits in the fruit, be connected with the hopper that is used for the fruit to receive the storage on the round roller screen.

2. The harvester of claim 1, wherein the chassis is a tracked chassis.

3. The harvester of claim 1, wherein a cab is provided on the chassis.

4. A harvester according to claim 1, characterised in that a lift cylinder for the lift control of the breaking blade is arranged between the breaking blade and the chassis.

5. The harvester of claim 1, wherein a receiving plate is disposed between the round roller screen and the hopper.

6. The harvester of claim 1, wherein the round roller screen is provided with ash cleaning brushes on the side surface for cleaning the screen of the round roller screen.

7. The harvester of claim 1, wherein the shovel is provided with a depth limiting mechanism for limiting the depth of the shovel, and the depth limiting mechanism comprises a movable support rod, a depth limiting wheel connected to the support rod, and an adjusting cylinder.

8. The harvester of claim 1, wherein the ground auger includes an auger shaft, an auger blade mounted to the left side of the auger shaft, and a paddle mounted to the right side of the auger shaft.

9. The harvester of claim 1, wherein the sifting conveyor chain comprises a drive roller and a driven roller, a drive chain disposed around the drive roller and the driven roller, a conveyor plate disposed in parallel on the drive chain at a distance from each other, and a sifting bar, wherein the conveyor plate and the sifting bar both intersect the drive chain at right angles.

10. The harvester according to claim 1, wherein the round roller sieve comprises a sieve drum, a gear ring is arranged outside the sieve drum, a driving gear is meshed outside the gear ring, a driving motor is connected to the driving gear, a feeding baffle is arranged at an inlet of the sieve drum, a discharging baffle is arranged at an outlet of the sieve drum, a propelling auger is arranged on the inner wall of the sieve drum and is guided to the outlet along the inlet direction of the sieve drum, and a discharging scraper is arranged at the tail end of the propelling auger.