CN108752028A - 一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法及其制备工艺 - Google Patents

一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法及其制备工艺 Download PDF

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CN108752028A
CN108752028A CN201810745062.3A CN201810745062A CN108752028A CN 108752028 A CN108752028 A CN 108752028A CN 201810745062 A CN201810745062 A CN 201810745062A CN 108752028 A CN108752028 A CN 108752028A
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tufa stone
oxide
aluminium oxide
silicon carbide
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郑德荣
陈丽华
赖诗博
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Quanzhou Fujian Shun Da Da Group Co Ltd
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法，其组成以及质量分数为：碳化硅9‑15份，氧化镥5‑10份，氧化铝3‑8份，醋酸盐5‑7份，高岭土4‑9份，铝酸锶3‑10份，水玻璃2‑6份，石墨烯5‑7份，高岭土4‑8份，凝灰岩粉末6‑9份，硼砂4‑8份，二氧化钼6‑9份，长石3‑10份，硫酸亚铁7‑9份，铝酸锶3‑8份，石膏2‑6份，氮化硼6‑10份，活性催化剂1‑5份，环氧树脂1‑3份，硅酸铝纤维8‑13份，堇青石11‑13份，氧化锆9‑14份，氧化铝7‑15份，陶土5‑8份，燧石1‑3份。本发明提供的凝灰岩材料，具有很好的机械强度，同时具有良好的吸水性和抗震率，能够减少瓷器的破损。

Description

一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法及其制备工艺
技术领域
本发明涉及一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法及其制备工艺。
背景技术
凝灰岩是一种火山碎屑岩，其组成的火山碎屑物质有50%以上的颗粒直径小于2mm，成分主要是火山灰，外貌疏松或致密，有层理的称为层凝灰岩，颜色多样，有紫红色、灰白色、灰绿色等。根据其含有的火山碎屑成分，可以分为:晶屑凝灰岩; 玻屑凝灰岩;岩屑凝灰岩。 凝灰岩是常用的建筑材料，也可以作为制造水泥的原料和提取钾肥的原料。
但是，经研究发现，凝灰岩材料的优势特点很多但还是存在一些欠缺，比如抗拉强度较低，塑性和韧性很差。能否研制抗拉强度强，塑性和韧性高，其用途更为广泛的凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法，为本发明的技术要点。
发明内容
本发明要解决的技术问题是克服现有技术的缺陷，提供一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法及其制备工艺。
为了解决上述技术问题，本发明提供了如下的技术方案：
一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)按配方将原料放入球磨机，磨球选用直径为5-15mm的氧化铝磨球，氧化铝磨球和物料的质量比为3-7:1；
(2)将有机单体丙烯酰胺和交联剂亚甲基双丙烯酰胺溶解于去离子水，其中丙烯酰胺以及亚甲基双丙烯酰胺的质量分数分别为1-2份、2-3份，然后用恒温磁力搅拌器搅拌，搅拌转速为300-400r/min，搅拌5-6min形成均匀的助剂浆料；
(3)将助剂浆料注入球磨罐并密封后固定在球磨机上，转速为120-150r/min，球磨时间为4-6h，形成混合浆料，其中，助剂浆料与碳化硅的质量比为1:3-5；
(4)球磨完成后，将混合浆料置于真空度为-10000Pa下除气10-20min，排除混合浆料中的气泡；
(5)将除气后的混合浆料倒出，放入真空烘箱中加热干燥，初始温度设为60℃，待混合浆料表面呈干燥状态后再在100℃下继续干燥1-3h，烘干后放入石墨模具中；
(6)在N2气氛保护下，以15-30℃/min的升温速率加热至1250℃，加压25MPa，保温保压0.5-3h，热压烧结制得高强度凝灰岩材料；
（7）将步骤（6）制得的高强度凝灰岩材料放入尾矿机中进行制砂；
步骤(1)中的原料，其组成以及质量分数为：碳化硅9-15份，氧化镥5-10份，氧化铝3-8份，醋酸盐5-7 份，高岭土4-9 份，铝酸锶3-10 份，水玻璃2-6 份，石墨烯5-7 份，高岭土4-8 份，凝灰岩粉末6-9 份，硼砂4-8 份，二氧化钼6-9 份，长石3-10 份，硫酸亚铁7-9 份，铝酸锶3-8 份，石膏2-6 份，氮化硼6-10 份，活性催化剂1-5 份，环氧树脂1-3 份，硅酸铝纤维8-13 份，堇青石11-13份，氧化锆9-14 份，氧化铝7-15 份，陶土5-8 份，燧石1-3 份。
进一步地，其组成以及质量分数为：碳化硅10份，氧化镥8份，氧化铝6 份，醋酸盐6份，高岭土6份，铝酸锶6 份，水玻璃4份，石墨烯6份，高岭土5 份，凝灰岩粉末7份，硼砂5份，二氧化钼7份，长石5份，硫酸亚铁8份，铝酸锶7 份，石膏5 份，氮化硼7份，活性催化剂3 份，环氧树脂2份，硅酸铝纤维10 份，堇青石12份，氧化锆12 份，氧化铝10份，陶土6份，燧石2份。
进一步地，其组成以及质量分数为：碳化硅9份，氧化镥5份，氧化铝8 份，醋酸盐5份，高岭土9 份，铝酸锶3 份，水玻璃2 份，石墨烯5 份，高岭土4份，凝灰岩粉末6份，硼砂4份，二氧化钼6份，长石3份，硫酸亚铁7份，铝酸锶3份，石膏2份，氮化硼6份，活性催化剂1份，环氧树脂1份，硅酸铝纤维8份，堇青石11份，氧化锆9份，氧化铝7份，陶土5份，燧石1份。
进一步地，其组成以及质量分数为：碳化硅15份，氧化镥10份，氧化铝8 份，醋酸盐7 份，高岭土9份，铝酸锶10份，水玻璃6份，石墨烯7份，高岭土8份，凝灰岩粉末9份，硼砂8份，二氧化钼9份，长石10份，硫酸亚铁9份，铝酸锶8份，石膏6份，氮化硼10份，活性催化剂5份，环氧树脂3份，硅酸铝纤维13份，堇青石13份，氧化锆14份，氧化铝15份，陶土8份，燧石3份。
进一步地，所述碳化硅中的α相碳化硅含量为99份，氧含量小于1份；所述碳化硅的微观外形为球状颗粒，d50＝4.5±0.8μm。
进一步地，所述氧化镥的纯度为99.99％，其微观外形为不规则的层片状颗粒。
进一步地，在步骤（3）中，球磨机上，转速为120r/min。
本发明所达到的有益效果是：
本发明提供的凝灰岩材料，具有很好的机械强度，同时具有良好的吸水性和抗震率，能够减少瓷器的破损，其破坏强度和断裂模数高，经久耐用，使凝灰岩材料成为用途更为广泛，功能更为强大的无机非金属材料。
具体实施方式
以下对本发明的优选实施例进行说明，应当理解，此处所描述的优选实施例仅用于说明和解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。
实施例1
一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)按配方将原料放入球磨机，磨球选用直径为5-15mm的氧化铝磨球，氧化铝磨球和物料的质量比为3-7:1；
(2)将有机单体丙烯酰胺和交联剂亚甲基双丙烯酰胺溶解于去离子水，其中丙烯酰胺以及亚甲基双丙烯酰胺的质量分数分别为1-2份、2-3份，然后用恒温磁力搅拌器搅拌，搅拌转速为300-400r/min，搅拌5-6min形成均匀的助剂浆料；
(3)将助剂浆料注入球磨罐并密封后固定在球磨机上，转速为120-150r/min，球磨时间为4-6h，形成混合浆料，其中，助剂浆料与碳化硅的质量比为1:3-5；
(4)球磨完成后，将混合浆料置于真空度为-10000Pa下除气10-20min，排除混合浆料中的气泡；
(5)将除气后的混合浆料倒出，放入真空烘箱中加热干燥，初始温度设为60℃，待混合浆料表面呈干燥状态后再在100℃下继续干燥1-3h，烘干后放入石墨模具中；
(6)在N2气氛保护下，以15-30℃/min的升温速率加热至1250℃，加压25MPa，保温保压0.5-3h，热压烧结制得高强度凝灰岩材料；
（7）将步骤（6）制得的高强度凝灰岩材料放入尾矿机中进行制砂；
步骤(1)中的原料，其组成以及质量分数为：碳化硅9-15份，氧化镥5-10份，氧化铝3-8份，醋酸盐5-7 份，高岭土4-9 份，铝酸锶3-10 份，水玻璃2-6 份，石墨烯5-7 份，高岭土4-8 份，凝灰岩粉末6-9 份，硼砂4-8 份，二氧化钼6-9 份，长石3-10 份，硫酸亚铁7-9 份，铝酸锶3-8 份，石膏2-6 份，氮化硼6-10 份，活性催化剂1-5 份，环氧树脂1-3 份，硅酸铝纤维8-13 份，堇青石11-13份，氧化锆9-14 份，氧化铝7-15 份，陶土5-8 份，燧石1-3 份。
所述碳化硅中的α相碳化硅含量为99份，氧含量小于1份；所述碳化硅的微观外形为球状颗粒，d50＝4.5±0.8μm。
所述氧化镥的纯度为99.99％，其微观外形为不规则的层片状颗粒。
实施例2
一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)按配方将原料放入球磨机，磨球选用直径为5-15mm的氧化铝磨球，氧化铝磨球和物料的质量比为3-7:1；
(2)将有机单体丙烯酰胺和交联剂亚甲基双丙烯酰胺溶解于去离子水，其中丙烯酰胺以及亚甲基双丙烯酰胺的质量分数分别为1-2份、2-3份，然后用恒温磁力搅拌器搅拌，搅拌转速为300-400r/min，搅拌5-6min形成均匀的助剂浆料；
(3)将助剂浆料注入球磨罐并密封后固定在球磨机上，转速为120-150r/min，球磨时间为4-6h，形成混合浆料，其中，助剂浆料与碳化硅的质量比为1:3-5；
(4)球磨完成后，将混合浆料置于真空度为-10000Pa下除气10-20min，排除混合浆料中的气泡；
(5)将除气后的混合浆料倒出，放入真空烘箱中加热干燥，初始温度设为60℃，待混合浆料表面呈干燥状态后再在100℃下继续干燥1-3h，烘干后放入石墨模具中；
(6)在N2气氛保护下，以15-30℃/min的升温速率加热至1250℃，加压25MPa，保温保压0.5-3h，热压烧结制得高强度凝灰岩材料；
（7）将步骤（6）制得的高强度凝灰岩材料放入尾矿机中进行制砂；
步骤(1)中的原料，其组成以及质量分数为：碳化硅10份，氧化镥8份，氧化铝6 份，醋酸盐6份，高岭土6份，铝酸锶6 份，水玻璃4份，石墨烯6份，高岭土5 份，凝灰岩粉末7份，硼砂5份，二氧化钼7份，长石5份，硫酸亚铁8份，铝酸锶7 份，石膏5 份，氮化硼7份，活性催化剂3份，环氧树脂2份，硅酸铝纤维10 份，堇青石12份，氧化锆12 份，氧化铝10份，陶土6份，燧石2份。
所述碳化硅中的α相碳化硅含量为99份，氧含量小于1份；所述碳化硅的微观外形为球状颗粒，d50＝4.5±0.8μm。
所述氧化镥的纯度为99.99％，其微观外形为不规则的层片状颗粒。
实施例3
一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)按配方将原料放入球磨机，磨球选用直径为5-15mm的氧化铝磨球，氧化铝磨球和物料的质量比为3-7:1；
(2)将有机单体丙烯酰胺和交联剂亚甲基双丙烯酰胺溶解于去离子水，其中丙烯酰胺以及亚甲基双丙烯酰胺的质量分数分别为1-2份、2-3份，然后用恒温磁力搅拌器搅拌，搅拌转速为300-400r/min，搅拌5-6min形成均匀的助剂浆料；
(3)将助剂浆料注入球磨罐并密封后固定在球磨机上，转速为120-150r/min，球磨时间为4-6h，形成混合浆料，其中，助剂浆料与碳化硅的质量比为1:3-5；
(4)球磨完成后，将混合浆料置于真空度为-10000Pa下除气10-20min，排除混合浆料中的气泡；
(5)将除气后的混合浆料倒出，放入真空烘箱中加热干燥，初始温度设为60℃，待混合浆料表面呈干燥状态后再在100℃下继续干燥1-3h，烘干后放入石墨模具中；
(6)在N2气氛保护下，以15-30℃/min的升温速率加热至1250℃，加压25MPa，保温保压0.5-3h，热压烧结制得高强度凝灰岩材料；
（7）将步骤（6）制得的高强度凝灰岩材料放入尾矿机中进行制砂；
步骤(1)中的原料，其组成以及质量分数为：碳化硅9份，氧化镥5份，氧化铝8 份，醋酸盐5 份，高岭土9 份，铝酸锶3 份，水玻璃2 份，石墨烯5 份，高岭土4份，凝灰岩粉末6份，硼砂4份，二氧化钼6份，长石3份，硫酸亚铁7份，铝酸锶3份，石膏2份，氮化硼6份，活性催化剂1份，环氧树脂1份，硅酸铝纤维8份，堇青石11份，氧化锆9份，氧化铝7份，陶土5份，燧石1份。
所述碳化硅中的α相碳化硅含量为99份，氧含量小于1份；所述碳化硅的微观外形为球状颗粒，d50＝4.5±0.8μm。
所述氧化镥的纯度为99.99％，其微观外形为不规则的层片状颗粒。
实施例4
一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法，其包括以下步骤：
(1)按配方将原料放入球磨机，磨球选用直径为5-15mm的氧化铝磨球，氧化铝磨球和物料的质量比为3-7:1；
(2)将有机单体丙烯酰胺和交联剂亚甲基双丙烯酰胺溶解于去离子水，其中丙烯酰胺以及亚甲基双丙烯酰胺的质量分数分别为1-2份、2-3份，然后用恒温磁力搅拌器搅拌，搅拌转速为300-400r/min，搅拌5-6min形成均匀的助剂浆料；
(3)将助剂浆料注入球磨罐并密封后固定在球磨机上，转速为120-150r/min，球磨时间为4-6h，形成混合浆料，其中，助剂浆料与碳化硅的质量比为1:3-5；
(4)球磨完成后，将混合浆料置于真空度为-10000Pa下除气10-20min，排除混合浆料中的气泡；
(5)将除气后的混合浆料倒出，放入真空烘箱中加热干燥，初始温度设为60℃，待混合浆料表面呈干燥状态后再在100℃下继续干燥1-3h，烘干后放入石墨模具中；
(6)在N2气氛保护下，以15-30℃/min的升温速率加热至1250℃，加压25MPa，保温保压0.5-3h，热压烧结制得高强度凝灰岩材料；
（7）将步骤（6）制得的高强度凝灰岩材料放入尾矿机中进行制砂；
步骤(1)中的原料，其组成以及质量分数为：碳化硅15份，氧化镥10份，氧化铝8 份，醋酸盐7 份，高岭土9份，铝酸锶10份，水玻璃6份，石墨烯7份，高岭土8份，凝灰岩粉末9份，硼砂8份，二氧化钼9份，长石10份，硫酸亚铁9份，铝酸锶8份，石膏6份，氮化硼10份，活性催化剂5份，环氧树脂3份，硅酸铝纤维13份，堇青石13份，氧化锆14份，氧化铝15份，陶土8份，燧石3份。
所述碳化硅中的α相碳化硅含量为99份，氧含量小于1份；所述碳化硅的微观外形为球状颗粒，d50＝4.5±0.8μm。
所述氧化镥的纯度为99.99％，其微观外形为不规则的层片状颗粒。
最后应说明的是：以上所述仅为本发明的优选实施例而已，并不用于限制本发明，尽管参照前述实施例对本发明进行了详细的说明，对于本领域的技术人员来说，其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换。凡在本发明的精神和原则之内，所作的任何修改、等同替换、改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。

Claims (7)

1.一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法，其特征在于，包括以下步骤：
(1)按配方将原料放入球磨机，磨球选用直径为5-15mm的氧化铝磨球，氧化铝磨球和物料的质量比为3-7:1；
(2)将有机单体丙烯酰胺和交联剂亚甲基双丙烯酰胺溶解于去离子水，其中丙烯酰胺以及亚甲基双丙烯酰胺的质量分数分别为1-2份、2-3份，然后用恒温磁力搅拌器搅拌，搅拌转速为300-400r/min，搅拌5-6min形成均匀的助剂浆料；
(3)将助剂浆料注入球磨罐并密封后固定在球磨机上，转速为120-150r/min，球磨时间为4-6h，形成混合浆料，其中，助剂浆料与碳化硅的质量比为1:3-5；
(4)球磨完成后，将混合浆料置于真空度为-10000Pa下除气10-20min，排除混合浆料中的气泡；
(5)将除气后的混合浆料倒出，放入真空烘箱中加热干燥，初始温度设为60℃，待混合浆料表面呈干燥状态后再在100℃下继续干燥1-3h，烘干后放入石墨模具中；
(6)在N2气氛保护下，以15-30℃/min的升温速率加热至1250℃，加压25MPa，保温保压0.5-3h，热压烧结制得高强度凝灰岩材料；
（7）将步骤（6）制得的高强度凝灰岩材料放入尾矿机中进行制砂；
步骤(1)中的原料，其组成以及质量分数为：碳化硅9-15份，氧化镥5-10份，氧化铝3-8份，醋酸盐5-7 份，高岭土4-9 份，铝酸锶3-10 份，水玻璃2-6 份，石墨烯5-7 份，高岭土4-8 份，凝灰岩粉末6-9 份，硼砂4-8 份，二氧化钼6-9 份，长石3-10 份，硫酸亚铁7-9 份，铝酸锶3-8 份，石膏2-6 份，氮化硼6-10 份，活性催化剂1-5 份，环氧树脂1-3 份，硅酸铝纤维8-13 份，堇青石11-13份，氧化锆9-14 份，氧化铝7-15 份，陶土5-8 份，燧石1-3 份。
2.根据权利要求1所述的一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法，其特征在于，其组成以及质量分数为：碳化硅10份，氧化镥8份，氧化铝6 份，醋酸盐6份，高岭土6份，铝酸锶6 份，水玻璃4份，石墨烯6份，高岭土5 份，凝灰岩粉末7份，硼砂5份，二氧化钼7份，长石5份，硫酸亚铁8份，铝酸锶7 份，石膏5 份，氮化硼7份，活性催化剂3 份，环氧树脂2份，硅酸铝纤维10份，堇青石12份，氧化锆12 份，氧化铝10份，陶土6份，燧石2份。
3.根据权利要求1所述的一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法，其特征在于，其组成以及质量分数为：碳化硅9份，氧化镥5份，氧化铝8 份，醋酸盐5 份，高岭土9 份，铝酸锶3 份，水玻璃2 份，石墨烯5 份，高岭土4份，凝灰岩粉末6份，硼砂4份，二氧化钼6份，长石3份，硫酸亚铁7份，铝酸锶3份，石膏2份，氮化硼6份，活性催化剂1份，环氧树脂1份，硅酸铝纤维8份，堇青石11份，氧化锆9份，氧化铝7份，陶土5份，燧石1份。
4.根据权利要求1所述的一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法，其特征在于，其组成以及质量分数为：碳化硅15份，氧化镥10份，氧化铝8 份，醋酸盐7 份，高岭土9份，铝酸锶10份，水玻璃6份，石墨烯7份，高岭土8份，凝灰岩粉末9份，硼砂8份，二氧化钼9份，长石10份，硫酸亚铁9份，铝酸锶8份，石膏6份，氮化硼10份，活性催化剂5份，环氧树脂3份，硅酸铝纤维13份，堇青石13份，氧化锆14份，氧化铝15份，陶土8份，燧石3份。
5.根据权利要求1所述的一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述碳化硅中的α相碳化硅含量为99份，氧含量小于1份；所述碳化硅的微观外形为球状颗粒，d50＝4.5±0.8μm。
6.根据权利要求1所述的一种凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法，其特征在于，所述氧化镥的纯度为99.99％，其微观外形为不规则的层片状颗粒。
7.根据权利要求1所述凝灰岩尾矿机制砂的制备方法，其特征在于，在步骤（3）中，球磨机上，转速为120r/min。
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