CN108747027B - Gearbox rear cover laser engraving assembly process - Google Patents
Gearbox rear cover laser engraving assembly process Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN108747027B CN108747027B CN201810422159.0A CN201810422159A CN108747027B CN 108747027 B CN108747027 B CN 108747027B CN 201810422159 A CN201810422159 A CN 201810422159A CN 108747027 B CN108747027 B CN 108747027B
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- Prior art keywords
- station
- bearing
- sealing ring
- assembly
- gearbox
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- 238000010147 laser engraving Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 33
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 157
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 67
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 50
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000003825 pressing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000779 smoke Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000009417 prefabrication Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000001681 protective effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 10
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000007689 inspection Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000010009 beating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000001678 irradiating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000009191 jumping Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000035929 gnawing Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006467 substitution reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/16—Removal of by-products, e.g. particles or vapours produced during treatment of a workpiece
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
- B23K26/36—Removing material
- B23K26/361—Removing material for deburring or mechanical trimming
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P19/00—Machines for simply fitting together or separating metal parts or objects, or metal and non-metal parts, whether or not involving some deformation; Tools or devices therefor so far as not provided for in other classes
- B23P19/001—Article feeders for assembling machines
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23P—METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; COMBINED OPERATIONS; UNIVERSAL MACHINE TOOLS
- B23P21/00—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control
- B23P21/004—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control the units passing two or more work-stations whilst being composed
- B23P21/006—Machines for assembling a multiplicity of different parts to compose units, with or without preceding or subsequent working of such parts, e.g. with programme control the units passing two or more work-stations whilst being composed the conveying means comprising a rotating table
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Optics & Photonics (AREA)
- Plasma & Fusion (AREA)
- Automatic Assembly (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a laser engraving assembly process for a rear cover of a gearbox, which comprises a base, a rotary station device arranged on the base, a protective cover covered on the base, and a rear cover assembly center of the gearbox, wherein the rear cover assembly center of the gearbox is arranged on the base and corresponds to the rotary station device; the rotary station device comprises a station driving motor arranged on a base, a station rotating disc which is in transmission connection with the station driving motor and is rotationally arranged on the base, rotary stations which are distributed on the station rotating disc according to procedures, a clamping fixture arranged at each rotary station and used for fixing the lower end face of the gearbox cover, U-shaped clamping seats arranged at two symmetrical sides of the upper end face of the clamping fixture, and V-shaped positioning grooves arranged on the U-shaped clamping seats and used for fixing lugs at two sides of the gearbox cover; the rotary station device plays a role in transferring and connecting in the working procedure. The invention has reasonable design, compact structure and convenient use.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a laser engraving assembly process for a rear cover of a gearbox.
Background
At present, the bearing cap of gearbox main shaft, generally adopt cast iron processing to form, its wilfulness is poor, current assembly methods generally adopt the manual work to strike the bearing through rubber hammer or wooden hammer and install in bearing cap or the bearing frame, its installation accuracy is wayward, can't realize standardized operation, the simple crudely violence of sealing washer installation, the situation of gnawing appears easily, how to provide a high efficiency, it is convenient, the automatic control of being convenient for have behind laser sculpture's the gearbox lid assembly system and the gearbox lid laser sculpture assembly process become the technical problem that the urgent need be solved.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is to provide a gearbox rear cover assembling system with laser engraving and a gearbox rear cover laser engraving assembling process; the technical problems to be solved and the advantages to be achieved are set forth in the description which follows and in the detailed description of the embodiments.
In order to solve the problems, the technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
the assembly system comprises a base, a rotary station device arranged on the base, a protective cover covered on the base, and a transmission rear cover assembly center arranged on the base and corresponding to the rotary station device;
the rotary station device comprises a station driving motor arranged on a base, a station rotating disc which is in transmission connection with the station driving motor and is rotationally arranged on the base, rotary stations which are distributed on the station rotating disc according to procedures, a clamping fixture arranged at each rotary station and used for fixing the lower end face of the gearbox cover, U-shaped clamping seats arranged at two symmetrical sides of the upper end face of the clamping fixture, and V-shaped positioning grooves arranged on the U-shaped clamping seats and used for fixing lugs at two sides of the gearbox cover; the rotary station device plays a role in transferring and connecting in the process, so that the system is compact in structure and small in occupied area, and the problem that the conveying belt needs to be leveled is solved. The positioning and fastening are realized through the two V-shaped positioning grooves and the clamping fixture.
The rotary station comprises a station material transferring part, a station carving part, a station first assembling part, a station detecting part, a station uploading part and a station second assembling part, wherein the station material transferring part is used for feeding and discharging materials, the station carving part is used for carving marks on the side surface of the gearbox cover, the station first assembling part is used for pressing the bearing piece into the gearbox cover, the station detecting part is used for detecting the assembling precision of the bearing piece, the station uploading part is used for uploading pictures of the assembled gearbox cover, and the station second assembling part is used for installing the sealing ring on the gearbox; and correspondingly finishing corresponding working procedures through the stations.
An angle photoelectric sensor which coaxially rotates with the station rotating disc is arranged in the center of the station rotating disc, and a station photoelectric sensor is arranged at each rotating station; and closed-loop detection is realized, and the precision is positioned through the process.
The station material transferring device comprises a station material transferring fixed frame, a station material transferring guide rod, a station material transferring lifting cylinder, a through hole, and a station material transferring upper ejector head, wherein the station material transferring fixed frame is arranged below a station material transferring position, the station material transferring guide rod is arranged on the station material transferring fixed frame, the station material transferring lifting cylinder is vertically arranged on the station material transferring fixed frame, the through hole is arranged below a clamping fixture piece and is arranged on a station rotating disc, and the station material transferring upper ejector head used for penetrating through the through hole is arranged. Automatic discharging can be realized through the part, and damage to the sealing ring and the bearing is avoided.
As a laser engraving and assembling core unit, the assembly center of the rear cover of the gearbox comprises a laser engraving device, a bearing assembly, a detection assembly and a sealing ring assembly which are sequentially linked in a working procedure;
the bearing assembly comprises a bearing storage device, a bearing transfer device and a bearing assembly device which are connected in sequence; the process connections can be rotating disks or flow lines, etc.
The detection assembly comprises an assembly detector and a light camera detector;
the sealing ring assembly comprises a sealing ring feeding device and a sealing ring mounting device which are connected in sequence;
concretely, the laser engraving device comprises a laser engraving machine which is arranged on one side of a base and is used for engraving marks on the side face of a gearbox cover, a laser fixing side frame which is arranged at the head of the laser engraving machine, a laser lifting guide slideway and a laser lifting cylinder which are respectively vertically arranged on the laser fixing side frame, a laser lifting connecting seat which is arranged on a piston rod of the laser lifting cylinder, a laser lifting guide key which is movably arranged in the laser lifting guide slideway, a laser lifting frame which is respectively connected with the laser lifting connecting seat and the laser lifting guide key, and a laser dust suction nozzle which is arranged on the laser lifting frame. The protective effect is realized through the frame, and the smoke and dust are sucked away through the dust suction nozzle, so that cleanness is ensured.
The bearing storage device comprises a bearing rotating disc arranged on the base, a bearing feeding motor in transmission connection with the bearing rotating disc, and bearing telescopic guide rods which are vertically distributed on the bearing rotating disc and sleeved with bearing pieces; the telescopic guide is realized through the guide rods according to the number of the bearings, so that the time for taking the workpiece is shortened, and the efficiency is improved.
The bearing transfer device comprises a bearing transfer frame arranged on the base, a bearing transfer lifting frame vertically arranged on the bearing transfer frame, a bearing radial frame transversely arranged on the bearing transfer lifting frame, a bearing radial cylinder transversely arranged on the bearing radial frame, a bearing radial moving carriage with one end connected with the bearing radial cylinder and transversely arranged on the bearing radial frame in a sliding manner, a bearing lifting grabbing cylinder vertically arranged on the bearing radial moving carriage, and a bearing grabbing manipulator arranged on the bearing lifting grabbing cylinder and used for taking down a bearing piece on a bearing telescopic guide rod and sending the bearing piece to the bearing assembling device; and transfer feeding of the bearing is realized.
The bearing assembling device comprises a bearing lower pressure head arranged on the bearing radial moving sliding frame and used for pressing the bearing piece into the gearbox cover, and a bearing arc-shaped side handrail arranged on the bearing radial moving sliding frame and used for positioning and contacting with the side face of the bearing piece, so that the guiding effect is achieved, and the assembling is convenient.
The assembly detection machine comprises a detection support arranged on a base, a detection lifting screw arranged on the detection support, a detection rotating motor arranged on a movable screw base of the detection lifting screw, a detection rotating taper head which is in transmission connection with the output end of the detection rotating motor and is used for being inserted into an inner hole of a bearing piece, a detection auxiliary support arranged on one side of the detection support, a detection cantilever frame swinging on the detection auxiliary support, and a detection eccentric wheel arranged at the cantilever end of the detection cantilever frame and used for being in rolling contact with the outer surface of the bearing piece; an angle sensor for measuring the swing angle of the detection cantilever frame is arranged on the detection auxiliary support; the taper head drives the bearing to rotate, then the eccentric wheel floats up and down to detect the jumping of the inner ring and the end cover, and the numerical value is fed back to the processor, so that automatic detection is realized, and the assembly quality is ensured.
The light camera image detector comprises a light detection frame arranged on the base and a light source camera arranged on the light detection frame and used for irradiating the assembled gearbox cover. And archiving through camera shooting record.
And a measurement grating is arranged below the light source camera, and a reflected light receiver is arranged below the measurement grating and used for receiving reflected light. Light is adjusted through the grating, then according to the angle of reflected light beam, the precision of beating of comprehensive evaluation equipment improves and detects the precision.
The sealing ring feeding device comprises a sealing ring feeding guide rail arranged on the base, a sealing ring feeding tray arranged on the sealing ring feeding guide rail and pushed by an air cylinder, sealing ring tray radial grooves distributed on the sealing ring feeding tray, a sealing ring outer supporting disc arranged above the sealing ring feeding tray, sealing ring radial guide grooves distributed on the sealing ring outer supporting disc and positioned above the corresponding sealing ring tray radial grooves, a sealing ring clamping outer side surface arranged on the outer side wall of the sealing ring outer supporting disc and sleeved with a sealing ring with an installation part, and a sealing ring tray upper end surface arranged on the sealing ring feeding tray and positioned below the sealing ring clamping outer side surface; thereby realize prefabricated pay-off, conveniently get through the slot and take the sealing washer.
The sealing ring installation device comprises a sealing ring frame arranged on a base, a sealing ring cross beam transversely arranged on the sealing ring frame, a sealing ring transverse cylinder transversely arranged on the sealing ring cross beam, a sealing ring sliding frame which is pulled by the sealing ring transverse cylinder to transversely move on the sealing ring cross beam in a transverse motion manner, a sealing ring installation lifting cylinder vertically arranged on the sealing ring sliding frame, a sealing ring installation frame arranged at the lower end of the sealing ring installation lifting cylinder, a sealing ring rotating motor arranged on the sealing ring installation frame, a sealing ring guiding rotating seat with the lower end coaxially connected with the lower end of the sealing ring rotating motor and provided with an Archimedes spiral wire groove on the lower end surface, a sealing ring rotating fixing rod with the upper end fixedly connected with the sealing ring installation frame, a sealing ring guiding seat arranged at the lower end of the sealing ring rotating fixing rod and positioned below the sealing ring, The radial Archimedes guide key of the sealing ring is radially movably arranged in the corresponding radial meshing groove of the sealing ring, the upper end surface of the radial Archimedes guide key is meshed with the Archimedes spiral groove, the outer supporting rod of the sealing ring is arranged at the lower part of the outer end of the radial Archimedes guide key of the sealing ring and is used for supporting the inner ring of the sealing ring, and the outer limiting frame of the sealing ring is arranged at the lower end of the rotary fixing rod of the sealing ring and is positioned at the outer side of the radial Archimedes guide key of the.
Realize each pole with speed radial displacement simultaneously through Archimedes spiral, convenient and fast carries on spacingly through spacing frame, has the sealing washer to have elasticity, and forms polygonal structure under the effect that the pole props outward, and in it entered into the slot, partial card was in the slot to make things convenient for the pole to take out, realize automatic feeding, automatic assembly.
The transmission case back cover laser engraving assembly process of the embodiment comprises the following steps,
firstly, placing a gearbox cover to be assembled on a mould part on a station material transferring position through a manipulator or a worker; then, the station driving motor drives the station rotating disc to rotate to a station carving position;
step two, by means of a laser engraving device; firstly, a laser lifting cylinder drives a laser lifting frame to descend along a laser lifting guide slideway and cover the laser lifting frame above a gearbox cover; then, starting the laser engraving machine, engraving a mark on the side surface of the gearbox cover according to a prefabrication command, and starting the laser dust suction nozzle to suck away smoke generated by engraving; secondly, after the laser engraving is finished, the laser lifting frame is lifted up; finally, the station driving motor drives the station rotating disc to rotate to a first assembly position of the station;
thirdly, assembling the assembly by means of a bearing, wherein firstly, a bearing loading motor rotates a bearing telescopic guide rod loaded with a bearing piece to a bearing transfer device; then, the bearing lifting grabbing cylinder drives the bearing grabbing manipulator to grab a bearing piece on the bearing telescopic guide rod; secondly, the bearing radial cylinder drives the bearing piece to move to a first assembly position of a station, the bearing lifting grabbing cylinder moves downwards, and the bearing grabbing manipulator places the bearing piece on a gearbox cover; thirdly, the bearing radial cylinder drives the bearing grabbing manipulator to leave, meanwhile, the bearing lower pressure head is moved to the first assembly position of the station, the bearing lifting grabbing cylinder drives the bearing lower pressure head to move downwards, and the bearing arc-shaped side handrails on the two sides laterally adjust the position of the bearing part; then, the bearing lower pressure head presses the bearing piece into the gearbox cover; and finally, the station driving motor drives the station rotating disc to rotate to a station detection position.
Step four, an assembly detection machine is used; firstly, a detection lifting screw rod inserts a detection rotating taper head into an inner hole of a bearing piece and drives the bearing piece to rotate; then, pressing the detection eccentric wheel on the upper surface of the bearing piece; secondly, the angle sensor sends the swing amplitude and the swing frequency of the detection cantilever bracket to the processor; finally, the station driving motor drives the station rotating disc to rotate away from the station detection position;
step five, assembling the assembly by means of a sealing ring; when the station rotating disc rotates to a second assembly of the station; firstly, a sealing ring is sent into a guide rail, and a sealing ring outer support disc with a sealing ring installed in advance is sent to a second assembling position of a station; then, the sealing ring is provided with a lifting cylinder to drive the outer stay bar of the sealing ring to be inserted into the radial guide groove of the sealing ring; secondly, the sealing ring rotating motor drives the sealing ring guiding rotating seat to rotate, and meanwhile, the sealing ring guiding rotating seat drives the sealing ring radial Archimedes guiding key to move outwards along the radial direction of the sealing ring radial meshing groove to support the inner ring of the sealing ring; and leaves the sealing ring along the radial groove of the sealing ring tray and is sent into the tray; thirdly, the sealing ring is sleeved in the sealing groove of the gearbox cover under the driving of the transverse cylinder of the sealing ring; then, the outer stay bar of the sealing ring retracts; finally, the station driving motor drives the station rotating disc to rotate to a station material rotating position;
firstly, ejecting the assembled gearbox cover away from the clamping fixture by a station material transferring lifting cylinder; then, it is taken out by a human or a robot.
The method also comprises the following steps between the fourth step and the fifth step, wherein by means of a light camera detection machine, when the station rotating disc rotates to the position below the light camera detection machine, the light source camera detects the end face runout of the upper surface of the bearing part relative to the upper surface of the gearbox cover through the measuring grating; and directly collects the pictures of the gearbox cover.
The process is completely automatic, and comprises automatic bearing feeding, automatic pressing, automatic detection, automatic sealing ring feeding and automatic assembly. The advantages of the invention are not limited to this description, but are described in more detail in the detailed description for better understanding.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural view of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a first perspective of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a second perspective of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the rotary station apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of another perspective of the rotary station apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic structural view of the laser engraving apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic structural view of a bearing transfer device of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a schematic structural view of the bearing assembly apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the construction of the assembly inspection machine of the present invention;
FIG. 10 is a schematic view of the optical pickup detector of the present invention;
FIG. 11 is a schematic view of the construction of a seal ring loading apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of the construction of the seal ring mounting apparatus of the present invention;
wherein: 1. A base; 2. rotating the station device; 3. a transmission case cover; 4. a bearing member; 5. a seal ring; 6. a mold part; 7. a U-shaped card holder; 8. a V-shaped positioning groove; 10. a laser engraving device; 11. a bearing storage device; 12. a bearing transfer device; 13. a bearing assembly device; 14. assembling a detector; 15. a light camera detector; 16. a seal ring feeding device; 17. a seal ring mounting device; 18. an angle photosensor; 19. a station photoelectric sensor; 101. a station rotating disc; 102. a station driving motor; 103. a station material transferring position; 104. carving the station; 105. a station first assembly; 106. a station detection position; 107. a station uploading position; 108. a second assembly position of the station; 109. a station material transferring and fixing rack; 110. a station material transferring guide rod; 111. a station material transferring lifting cylinder; 112. transferring the material and pushing the material to a station; 150. a laser engraving machine; 151. laser fixing the side frame; 152. a laser lifting frame; 153. a laser dust suction nozzle; 154. a laser lifting cylinder; 155. a laser lifting connecting seat; 156. a laser lifting guide slideway; 201. a bearing feeding motor; 202. a bearing rotating disc; 203. a bearing telescopic guide rod; 250. a bearing transfer frame; 251. a bearing transfer lifting frame; 252. a bearing radial frame; 253. a bearing radial cylinder; 254. a bearing radially moves the carriage; 255. a bearing lifting grabbing cylinder; 256. a bearing grabbing manipulator; 257. a bearing lower pressure head; 258. a bearing arc-shaped side handrail; 298. detecting the bracket; 299. detecting a lifting screw rod; 300. detecting a rotating motor; 301. detecting a rotating taper head; 302. detecting the auxiliary support; 303. detecting a cantilever frame; 304. detecting an eccentric wheel; 305. an optical detection frame; 306. a light source camera; 307. measuring a grating; 308. a reflected light receiver; 346. a seal ring frame; 347. the sealing ring is sent into the guide rail; 348. the sealing ring is sent into a tray; 349. the upper end surface of the sealing ring tray; 350. a seal ring tray radial groove; 351. a sealing ring outer supporting disc; 352. a seal ring radial guide groove; 353. the outer side surface of the sealing ring is clamped; 354. a seal ring beam; 355. a seal ring transverse cylinder; 356. a seal ring sliding frame; 357. the sealing ring is provided with a lifting cylinder; 358. a seal ring rotating motor; 359. a seal ring guide seat; 360. a seal ring radial Archimedes guide key; 361. a seal ring outer stay bar; 362. a limit frame outside the sealing ring; 363. the sealing ring radially engages the groove.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 12, the transmission case rear cover assembly system with laser engraving of the present embodiment includes a base 1, a rotation station device 2 disposed on the base 1, a protective cover covered on the base 1, and a transmission case rear cover assembly center disposed on the base 1 and corresponding to the rotation station device 2;
the rotary station device 2 comprises a station driving motor 102 arranged on the base 1, a station rotating disc 101 which is in transmission connection with the station driving motor 102 and is rotationally arranged on the base 1, rotary stations distributed on the station rotating disc 101 according to procedures, a clamping fixture 6 arranged at each rotary station and used for fixing the lower end face of the gearbox cover 3, U-shaped clamping seats 7 arranged on two symmetrical sides of the upper end face of the clamping fixture 6, and V-shaped positioning grooves 8 arranged on the U-shaped clamping seats 7 and used for fixing lugs on two sides of the gearbox cover 3; the rotary station device 2 plays a role in transferring and connecting in the process, so that the system is compact in structure and small in occupied area, and the problem that the conveyor belt needs to be adjusted horizontally is solved. The positioning and fastening are realized by the two V-shaped positioning grooves 8 and the clamping fixture component 6.
The rotary station comprises a station material transferring part 103 used for feeding and discharging, a station carving part 104 used for carving a mark on the side surface of the gear box cover 3, a station first assembling part 105 used for pressing the bearing piece 4 into the gear box cover 3, a station detecting part 106 used for detecting the assembling precision of the bearing piece 4, a station uploading part 107 used for uploading pictures of the assembled gear box cover 3 and a station second assembling part 108 used for installing the sealing ring 5 on the gear box cover 3, wherein the station material transferring part 103 and the station first assembling part are sequentially connected in sequence; and correspondingly finishing corresponding working procedures through the stations.
An angle photoelectric sensor 18 which coaxially rotates with the station rotating disc 101 is arranged at the center of the station rotating disc 101, and a station photoelectric sensor 19 is arranged at each rotating station; and closed-loop detection is realized, and the precision is positioned through the process.
A station material transferring fixing frame 109 is arranged below the station material transferring part 103, a station material transferring guide rod 110 is arranged on the station material transferring fixing frame 109, a station material transferring lifting cylinder 111 is vertically arranged on the station material transferring fixing frame 109, a through hole located below the clamping fixture piece 6 is arranged on the station rotating disc 101, and a station material transferring upper ejector 112 used for penetrating through the through hole is arranged at the upper end of the station material transferring lifting cylinder 111. Automatic discharging can be realized through the part, and damage to the sealing ring and the bearing is avoided.
As a laser engraving and assembling core unit, the assembly center of the rear cover of the gearbox comprises a laser engraving device 10, a bearing assembly, a detection assembly and a sealing ring assembly which are sequentially linked in a working procedure;
the bearing assembly comprises a bearing storage device 11, a bearing transfer device 12 and a bearing assembly device 13 which are connected in sequence; the process connections can be rotating disks or flow lines, etc.
The detection assembly comprises an assembly detector 14 and a light camera detector 15;
the sealing ring assembly comprises a sealing ring feeding device 16 and a sealing ring mounting device 17 which are connected in sequence;
specifically, the laser engraving device 10 includes a laser engraving machine 150 disposed on one side of the base 1 and used for engraving a mark on a side surface of the transmission case cover 3, a laser fixing side frame 151 disposed at a head of the laser engraving machine 150, a laser lifting guide slideway 156 and a laser lifting cylinder 154 vertically disposed on the laser fixing side frame 151, respectively, a laser lifting connection seat 155 disposed on a piston rod of the laser lifting cylinder 154, a laser lifting guide key movably disposed in the laser lifting guide slideway 156, a laser lifting frame 152 connected with the laser lifting connection seat 155 and the laser lifting guide key, respectively, and a laser dust suction nozzle 153 disposed on the laser lifting frame 152. The protective effect is realized through the frame, and the smoke and dust are sucked away through the dust suction nozzle, so that cleanness is ensured.
The bearing storage device 11 comprises a bearing rotating disc 202 arranged on the base 1, a bearing feeding motor 201 in transmission connection with the bearing rotating disc 202, and bearing telescopic guide rods 203 which are vertically distributed on the bearing rotating disc 202 and sleeved with bearing pieces 4; the telescopic guide is realized through the guide rods according to the number of the bearings, so that the time for taking the workpiece is shortened, and the efficiency is improved.
The bearing transfer device 12 comprises a bearing transfer frame 250 arranged on the base 1, a bearing transfer lifting frame 251 vertically arranged on the bearing transfer frame 250, a bearing radial frame 252 transversely arranged on the bearing transfer lifting frame 251, a bearing radial cylinder 253 transversely arranged on the bearing radial frame 252, a bearing radial moving carriage 254 with one end connected with the bearing radial cylinder 253 and transversely slidably arranged on the bearing radial frame 252, a bearing lifting grabbing cylinder 255 vertically arranged on the bearing radial moving carriage 254, and a bearing grabbing manipulator 256 arranged on the bearing lifting grabbing cylinder 255 and used for taking down the bearing piece 4 on the bearing telescopic guide rod 203 and feeding the bearing piece to the bearing assembling device 13; and transfer feeding of the bearing is realized.
The bearing assembling device 13 comprises a bearing lower pressing head 257 arranged on the bearing radial moving carriage 254 and used for pressing the bearing piece 4 into the gearbox cover 3, and a bearing arc-shaped side handrail 258 arranged on the bearing radial moving carriage 254 and used for positioning and contacting with the side surface of the bearing piece 4, so that the guiding effect is achieved, and the assembling is convenient.
The assembly detector 14 comprises a detection bracket 298 arranged on the base 1, a detection lifting screw 299 arranged on the detection bracket 298, a detection rotating motor 300 arranged on a movable nut seat of the detection lifting screw 299, a detection rotating taper head 301 which is in transmission connection with the output end of the detection rotating motor 300 and is used for being inserted into an inner hole of the bearing piece 4, a detection auxiliary support 302 arranged on one side of the detection bracket 298, a detection cantilever frame 303 swinging on the detection auxiliary support 302, and a detection eccentric wheel 304 which is arranged at the cantilever end of the detection cantilever frame 303 and is used for being in rolling contact with the outer surface of the bearing piece 4; an angle sensor for measuring the swing angle of the detection cantilever frame 303 is arranged on the detection auxiliary support 302; the taper head drives the bearing to rotate, then the eccentric wheel floats up and down to detect the jumping of the inner ring and the end cover, and the numerical value is fed back to the processor, so that automatic detection is realized, and the assembly quality is ensured.
The photo camera inspection machine 15 includes a photo inspection frame 305 provided on the base 1, and a light source camera 306 provided on the photo inspection frame 305 and used for irradiating the assembled transmission case cover 3. And archiving through camera shooting record.
A measurement grating 307 is disposed below the light source camera 306, and a reflected light receiver 308 is disposed below the measurement grating 307 and is configured to receive reflected light. Light is adjusted through the grating, then according to the angle of reflected light beam, the precision of beating of comprehensive evaluation equipment improves and detects the precision.
The sealing ring feeding device 16 comprises a sealing ring feeding guide rail 347 arranged on the base 1, a sealing ring feeding tray 348 which is arranged on the sealing ring feeding guide rail 347 and is pushed by a cylinder, sealing ring tray radial grooves 350 distributed on the sealing ring feeding tray 348, a sealing ring outer supporting disc 351 arranged above the sealing ring feeding tray 348, a sealing ring radial guide groove 352 distributed on the sealing ring outer supporting disc 351 and positioned above the corresponding sealing ring tray radial groove 350, a sealing ring clamping outer side surface 353 arranged on the outer side wall of the sealing ring outer supporting disc 351 and sleeved with a sealing ring 5 with an installation part, and a sealing ring tray upper end surface 349 arranged on the sealing ring feeding tray 348 and positioned below the sealing ring clamping outer side surface 353; thereby realize prefabricated pay-off, conveniently get through the slot and take the sealing washer.
The seal ring mounting device 17 includes a seal ring frame 346 disposed on the base 1, a seal ring beam 354 disposed transversely on the seal ring frame 346, a seal ring transverse cylinder 355 disposed transversely on the seal ring beam 354, a seal ring sliding frame 356 which is pulled by the seal ring transverse cylinder 355 to move transversely on the seal ring beam 354, a seal ring mounting lifting cylinder 357 vertically disposed on the seal ring sliding frame 356, a seal ring mounting frame disposed at the lower end of the seal ring mounting lifting cylinder 357, a seal ring rotating motor 358 disposed on the seal ring mounting frame, a seal ring guiding rotary seat having an archimedes spiral groove on the lower end surface and coaxially connected with the lower end of the seal ring rotating motor 358, a seal ring rotating fixing rod having an upper end fixedly connected with the seal ring mounting frame, a seal ring guide seat 359 disposed on the lower end of the seal ring rotating fixing rod and located below the seal ring guiding rotary, The sealing ring radial occlusion groove 363 is radially arranged at the lower end of the sealing ring guide seat 359, the sealing ring radial Archimedes guide key 360 is radially and movably arranged in the corresponding sealing ring radial occlusion groove 363, the upper end face of the sealing ring radial Archimedes guide key 360 is occluded with the Archimedes spiral line groove, the sealing ring outer support rod 361 is arranged at the lower part of the outer end of the sealing ring radial Archimedes guide key 360 and used for supporting the inner ring of the sealing ring 5, and the sealing ring outer limit frame 362 is arranged at the lower end of the sealing ring rotating fixing rod and is positioned outside the sealing ring radial Archimedes guide key 360.
Realize each pole with speed radial displacement simultaneously through Archimedes spiral, convenient and fast carries on spacingly through spacing frame, has the sealing washer to have elasticity, and forms polygonal structure under the effect that the pole props outward, and in it entered into the slot, partial card was in the slot to make things convenient for the pole to take out, realize automatic feeding, automatic assembly.
The transmission case back cover laser engraving assembly process of the embodiment comprises the following steps,
firstly, placing a gear box cover 3 to be assembled on a clamping fixture 6 on a station material transferring position 103 through a manipulator or a manual work; then, the station driving motor 102 drives the station rotating disc 101 to rotate to the station carving position 104;
step two, by means of the laser engraving device 10; firstly, the laser lifting cylinder 154 drives the laser lifting frame 152 to descend along the laser lifting guide slideway 156 and cover the gearbox cover 3; then, the laser engraving machine 150 is started, marks are engraved on the side face of the gearbox cover 3 according to the prefabrication command, and meanwhile, the laser dust suction nozzle 153 is started to suck away smoke generated by engraving; secondly, after the laser engraving is finished, the laser lifting frame 152 is lifted up; finally, the station driving motor 102 drives the station rotating disc 101 to rotate to the station first assembly position 105;
thirdly, with the aid of a bearing assembly, firstly, a bearing feeding motor 201 rotates a bearing telescopic guide rod 203 carrying a bearing piece 4 to a bearing transfer device 12; then, the bearing lifting and grabbing cylinder 255 drives the bearing grabbing manipulator 256 to grab the bearing piece 4 on the bearing telescopic guide rod 203; secondly, the bearing radial cylinder 253 drives the bearing piece 4 to move to the first station assembly position 105, the bearing lifting grabbing cylinder 255 moves downwards, and the bearing grabbing manipulator 256 places the bearing piece 4 on the gearbox cover 3; thirdly, the bearing radial cylinder 253 drives the bearing grabbing manipulator 256 to leave, meanwhile, the bearing lower pressure head 257 is moved to the station first assembly position 105, the bearing lifting grabbing cylinder 255 drives the bearing lower pressure head 257 to move downwards, and the bearing arc-shaped side handrails 258 on two sides laterally adjust the position of the bearing piece 4; next, the bearing lower press 257 presses the bearing piece 4 into the transmission case cover 3; finally, the station driving motor 102 drives the station rotating disk 101 to rotate to the station detection position 106.
Step four, with the aid of the assembly detector 14; firstly, the detection lifting screw 299 inserts the detection rotating taper head 301 into an inner hole of the bearing piece 4 and drives the bearing piece 4 to rotate; then, detecting eccentric 304 is pressed against the upper surface of bearing member 4; secondly, the angle sensor sends the swing amplitude and the swing frequency of the detection cantilever frame 303 to the processor; finally, the station driving motor 102 drives the station rotating disc 101 to rotate away from the station detection position 106;
step five, assembling the assembly by means of a sealing ring; when the station rotating disc 101 rotates to the station second assembling position 108; firstly, the sealing ring feeding guide rail 347 feeds the sealing ring outer supporting disc 351 with the sealing ring 5 mounted in advance to the station second assembly part 108; then, the sealing ring mounting lifting cylinder 357 drives the sealing ring outer support rod 361 to be inserted into the sealing ring radial guide groove 352; secondly, the sealing ring rotating motor 358 drives the sealing ring guiding rotating seat to rotate, and meanwhile, the sealing ring guiding rotating seat drives the sealing ring radial Archimedes guiding key 360 to move outwards along the radial meshing groove 363 of the sealing ring, so that the inner ring of the sealing ring 5 is supported outwards; and exits the seal ring feed tray 348 along the seal ring tray radial groove 350; thirdly, the sealing ring 5 is sleeved in the sealing groove of the gearbox cover 3 under the driving of the sealing ring transverse cylinder 355; next, the seal ring outer stay 361 retracts; finally, the station driving motor 102 drives the station rotating disc 101 to rotate to the station material transferring position 103;
sixthly, firstly, the station material transferring lifting cylinder 111 pushes the assembled gearbox cover 3 upwards to leave the clamping fixture part 6; then, it is taken out by a human or a robot.
Between the fourth step and the fifth step, the method further comprises the following steps that by means of the light camera detector 15, when the station rotating disc 101 rotates to the position below the light camera detector 15, the light source camera 30 detects the end face runout of the upper surface of the bearing 4 relative to the upper surface of the gearbox cover 3 through the measuring grating 307; and directly acquires the picture of the transmission case cover 3.
The process is completely automatic, and comprises automatic bearing feeding, automatic pressing, automatic detection, automatic sealing ring feeding and automatic assembly.
The invention has the advantages of reasonable design, low cost, firmness, durability, safety, reliability, simple operation, time and labor saving, capital saving, compact structure and convenient use.
The present invention has been fully described for a clear disclosure and is not to be considered as an exemplification of the prior art.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above examples are only intended to illustrate the technical solution of the present invention, but not to limit it; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it will be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments may still be modified, or some technical features may be equivalently replaced; it is obvious as a person skilled in the art to combine several aspects of the invention. And such modifications or substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The laser engraving assembly process for the rear cover of the gearbox is characterized in that a gearbox rear cover assembly system with laser engraving is used, and the system comprises a base (1), a rotary station device (2) arranged on the base (1), and a gearbox rear cover assembly center which is arranged on the base (1) and corresponds to the rotary station device (2); the rotary station device (2) comprises a station driving motor (102) arranged on the base (1), a station rotating disc (101) which is in transmission connection with the station driving motor (102) and is rotatably arranged on the base (1), rotary stations which are distributed on the station rotating disc (101) according to working procedures, and a mould piece (6) which is arranged at each rotary station and is used for fixing the lower end face of the gearbox cover (3); the rotary station comprises a station material transferring part (103) used for feeding and discharging, a station carving part (104) used for carving a mark on the side surface of the speed changing box cover (3), a station first assembling part (105) used for pressing the bearing piece (4) into the speed changing box cover (3), a station detecting part (106) used for detecting the assembling precision of the bearing piece (4), a station uploading part (107) used for uploading pictures of the assembled speed changing box cover (3) and a station second assembling part (108) used for installing the sealing ring (5) on the speed changing box cover (3), wherein the station material transferring part (103) is connected in sequence; a station material transferring fixing rack (109) is arranged below the station material transferring part (103), a station material transferring guide rod (110) is arranged on the station material transferring fixing rack (109), a station material transferring lifting cylinder (111) is vertically arranged on the station material transferring fixing rack (109), a through hole positioned below the clamping fixture piece (6) is arranged on the station rotating disc (101), and a station material transferring upper ejector head (112) for penetrating through the through hole is arranged at the upper end of the station material transferring lifting cylinder (111); the assembly center of the rear cover of the gearbox comprises a laser engraving device (10), a bearing assembly, a detection assembly and a sealing ring assembly which are sequentially linked in a working procedure; the bearing assembly comprises a bearing storage device (11), a bearing transfer device (12) and a bearing assembly device (13) which are connected in sequence; the detection assembly comprises an assembly detector (14) and a light camera detector (15); the sealing ring assembly comprises a sealing ring feeding device (16) and a sealing ring mounting device (17) which are connected in sequence;
the process comprises the following steps of,
firstly, placing a gearbox cover (3) to be assembled on a mould part (6) on a station material transferring position (103) through a manipulator or a manual work; then, a station driving motor (102) drives the station rotating disc (101) to rotate to a station carving position (104);
step two, by means of a laser engraving device (10); firstly, a laser lifting cylinder (154) drives a laser lifting frame (152) to descend along a laser lifting guide slideway (156) and cover the upper part of a gearbox cover (3); then, the laser engraving machine (150) is started, marks are engraved on the side face of the gearbox cover (3) according to a prefabrication command, and meanwhile, the laser dust suction nozzle (153) is started to suck away smoke generated by engraving; secondly, after the laser engraving is finished, the laser lifting frame (152) is lifted up; finally, the station driving motor (102) drives the station rotating disc (101) to rotate to a first station assembling position (105);
thirdly, assembling the assembly by means of a bearing, firstly, rotating a bearing telescopic guide rod (203) loaded with a bearing piece (4) to a bearing transfer device (12) by a bearing loading motor (201); then, a bearing lifting grabbing cylinder (255) drives a bearing grabbing manipulator (256) to grab a bearing piece (4) on a bearing telescopic guide rod (203); secondly, a bearing radial cylinder (253) drives a bearing piece (4) to move to a first station assembly position (105), a bearing lifting grabbing cylinder (255) moves downwards, and a bearing grabbing manipulator (256) places the bearing piece (4) on a gearbox cover (3); thirdly, the bearing radial cylinder (253) drives the bearing grabbing manipulator (256) to leave, meanwhile, the bearing lower pressure head (257) is moved to the first station assembly position (105), the bearing lifting grabbing cylinder (255) drives the bearing lower pressure head (257) to move downwards, and the positions of the bearing pieces (4) are laterally adjusted by the bearing arc-shaped side handrails (258) on the two sides; then, the bearing lower pressing head (257) presses the bearing piece (4) into the gearbox cover (3); and finally, the station driving motor (102) drives the station rotating disk (101) to rotate to a station detection position (106).
2. The assembly process of gearbox rear cover by laser engraving according to claim 1, characterized by the step four, with the aid of an assembly detector (14); firstly, a detection lifting screw rod (299) inserts a detection rotary taper head (301) into an inner hole of a bearing piece (4) and drives the bearing piece (4) to rotate; then, pressing the detection eccentric wheel (304) on the upper surface of the bearing piece (4); secondly, the angle sensor sends the swing amplitude and the swing frequency of the detection cantilever frame (303) to the processor; finally, the station driving motor (102) drives the station rotating disc (101) to rotate away from the station detection position (106);
step five, assembling the assembly by means of a sealing ring; when the station rotating disc (101) rotates to a station second assembly position (108); firstly, a sealing ring feeding guide rail (347) feeds a sealing ring outer supporting disc (351) which is provided with a sealing ring (5) in advance to a second assembly position (108) of the station; then, a lifting cylinder (357) is installed on the sealing ring to drive an outer supporting rod (361) of the sealing ring to be inserted into the radial guide groove (352) of the sealing ring; secondly, a sealing ring rotating motor (358) drives a sealing ring guiding rotating seat to rotate, and meanwhile, the sealing ring guiding rotating seat drives a sealing ring radial Archimedes guiding key (360) to move outwards in the radial direction along a sealing ring radial occlusion groove (363), so that the inner ring of a sealing ring (5) is supported outwards; and exits the seal ring feed tray (348) along the seal ring tray radial groove (350); thirdly, the sealing ring (5) is sleeved in a sealing groove of the gearbox cover (3) under the sealing ring transverse cylinder (355); subsequently, the seal ring outer stay (361) retracts; finally, the station driving motor (102) drives the station rotating disc (101) to rotate to a station material transferring position (103);
sixthly, firstly, the station material transferring lifting cylinder (111) pushes the assembled gearbox cover (3) upwards to leave the clamping fixture component (6); then, it is taken out by a human or a robot.
3. The transmission case back cover laser engraving assembly process according to claim 2, characterized by further comprising the following steps between the fourth step and the fifth step, wherein by means of the optical camera detector (15), when the station rotating disc (101) rotates below the optical camera detector (15), the light source camera (30) detects the end face runout of the upper surface of the bearing piece (4) relative to the upper surface of the transmission case cover (3) through the measuring grating (307); and directly acquires the pictures of the gearbox cover (3).
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| CN201810422159.0A CN108747027B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | Gearbox rear cover laser engraving assembly process |
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| CN201810422159.0A CN108747027B (en) | 2018-05-04 | 2018-05-04 | Gearbox rear cover laser engraving assembly process |
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| CN108747027B true CN108747027B (en) | 2019-12-31 |
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| CN113059300B (en) * | 2021-04-07 | 2021-12-14 | 江苏城乡建设职业学院 | 5G base station antenna welding equipment and using method thereof |
| CN113146247A (en) * | 2021-05-08 | 2021-07-23 | 保定龙源电气有限公司 | Wind power converter installation tool, converter assembly line and process |
| CN113199246B (en) * | 2021-06-17 | 2023-07-25 | 儒众智能科技（苏州）有限公司 | Automatic assembly equipment for semiconductor probe |
| CN116372529B (en) * | 2023-04-19 | 2023-12-01 | 东莞永昆电机有限公司 | Automatic assembling equipment for motor reduction gearbox |
| CN117620450B (en) * | 2024-01-26 | 2024-03-29 | 深圳市镭硕光电科技有限公司 | Automatic laser engraving machine of integral type |
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