CN108740839A - A kind of method of squid leftover bits and pieces extraction nutrients - Google Patents
A kind of method of squid leftover bits and pieces extraction nutrients Download PDFInfo
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- CN108740839A CN108740839A CN201810590475.9A CN201810590475A CN108740839A CN 108740839 A CN108740839 A CN 108740839A CN 201810590475 A CN201810590475 A CN 201810590475A CN 108740839 A CN108740839 A CN 108740839A
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- 241000238366 Cephalopoda Species 0.000 title claims abstract description 60
- 238000000605 extraction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 34
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000000284 extract Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 47
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 239000004365 Protease Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 108091005804 Peptidases Proteins 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 102100037486 Reverse transcriptase/ribonuclease H Human genes 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 239000006228 supernatant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl gallate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 ZTHYODDOHIVTJV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 235000013379 molasses Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 235000010388 propyl gallate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000473 propyl gallate Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 229940075579 propyl gallate Drugs 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethyl acetate Chemical compound CCOC(C)=O XEKOWRVHYACXOJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 36
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 21
- 235000019419 proteases Nutrition 0.000 claims description 15
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 claims description 11
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 claims description 11
- 229940088598 enzyme Drugs 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000004347 Perilla Nutrition 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 108090000526 Papain Proteins 0.000 claims description 7
- 229940055729 papain Drugs 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000019834 papain Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000001835 viscera Anatomy 0.000 claims description 7
- 210000000845 cartilage Anatomy 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000009849 deactivation Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000013049 sediment Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 241000238440 Illex argentinus Species 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003810 ethyl acetate extraction Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 244000124853 Perilla frutescens Species 0.000 claims 1
- 101710180313 Protease 3 Proteins 0.000 claims 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 abstract description 7
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N taurine Chemical compound NCCS(O)(=O)=O XOAAWQZATWQOTB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 12
- 241000229722 Perilla <angiosperm> Species 0.000 description 8
- 235000011054 acetic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 235000018102 proteins Nutrition 0.000 description 7
- 102000004169 proteins and genes Human genes 0.000 description 7
- 108090000623 proteins and genes Proteins 0.000 description 7
- 229960003080 taurine Drugs 0.000 description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 5
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 241000251468 Actinopterygii Species 0.000 description 3
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000019198 oils Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000004087 circulation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000021323 fish oil Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N gallic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC(O)=C(O)C(O)=C1 LNTHITQWFMADLM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 235000013372 meat Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000013517 stratification Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003053 toxin Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000765 toxin Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 102000008186 Collagen Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108010035532 Collagen Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 235000019733 Fish meal Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000002710 Ilex cornuta Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001310146 Ilex cornuta Species 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N L-Cysteine Chemical compound SC[C@H](N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-REOHCLBHSA-N 0.000 description 1
- LEVWYRKDKASIDU-IMJSIDKUSA-N L-cystine Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)[C@@H]([NH3+])CSSC[C@H]([NH3+])C([O-])=O LEVWYRKDKASIDU-IMJSIDKUSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000237852 Mollusca Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000010326 Osmanthus heterophyllus Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 102000057297 Pepsin A Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000284 Pepsin A Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 108010033276 Peptide Fragments Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 102000007079 Peptide Fragments Human genes 0.000 description 1
- QOSMNYMQXIVWKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propyl levulinate Chemical compound CCCOC(=O)CCC(C)=O QOSMNYMQXIVWKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010009736 Protein Hydrolysates Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 125000001931 aliphatic group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 235000001014 amino acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000001413 amino acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000003556 assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000017531 blood circulation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000037396 body weight Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009933 burial Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004140 cleaning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920001436 collagen Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000018417 cysteine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N cysteine Natural products SCC(N)C(O)=O XUJNEKJLAYXESH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229960003067 cystine Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000014113 dietary fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006911 enzymatic reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000019441 ethanol Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N ethyl acetoacetate Chemical compound CCOC(=O)CC(C)=O XYIBRDXRRQCHLP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229930195729 fatty acid Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 239000000194 fatty acid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000004665 fatty acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000004467 fishmeal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940074391 gallic acid Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 235000004515 gallic acid Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229940111202 pepsin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 230000035790 physiological processes and functions Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000020777 polyunsaturated fatty acids Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 125000001436 propyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 1
- 239000003531 protein hydrolysate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000017854 proteolysis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002390 rotary evaporation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 210000003491 skin Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 235000013343 vitamin Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000011782 vitamin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229940088594 vitamin Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 229930003231 vitamin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 150000003722 vitamin derivatives Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010792 warming Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L17/00—Food-from-the-sea products; Fish products; Fish meal; Fish-egg substitutes; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L17/65—Addition of, or treatment with, microorganisms or enzymes
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/115—Fatty acids or derivatives thereof; Fats or oils
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
- A23L33/175—Amino acids
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23L—FOODS, FOODSTUFFS, OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES, NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES A21D OR A23B-A23J; THEIR PREPARATION OR TREATMENT, e.g. COOKING, MODIFICATION OF NUTRITIVE QUALITIES, PHYSICAL TREATMENT; PRESERVATION OF FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS, IN GENERAL
- A23L33/00—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof
- A23L33/10—Modifying nutritive qualities of foods; Dietetic products; Preparation or treatment thereof using additives
- A23L33/17—Amino acids, peptides or proteins
- A23L33/18—Peptides; Protein hydrolysates
-
- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A23—FOODS OR FOODSTUFFS; TREATMENT THEREOF, NOT COVERED BY OTHER CLASSES
- A23V—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO FOODS, FOODSTUFFS OR NON-ALCOHOLIC BEVERAGES AND LACTIC OR PROPIONIC ACID BACTERIA USED IN FOODSTUFFS OR FOOD PREPARATION
- A23V2002/00—Food compositions, function of food ingredients or processes for food or foodstuffs
Landscapes
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Nutrition Science (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Food Science & Technology (AREA)
- Mycology (AREA)
- Proteomics, Peptides & Aminoacids (AREA)
- Zoology (AREA)
- Marine Sciences & Fisheries (AREA)
- Microbiology (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Molecular Biology (AREA)
- Meat, Egg Or Seafood Products (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the extraction and processing technique fields of waste of aquatic, and in particular to a kind of method of squid leftover bits and pieces extraction nutrients, it is therefore an objective to it is insufficient to solve the problems, such as that the prior art utilizes squid leftover bits and pieces.It is homogenized the technical solution adopted is that squid leftover bits and pieces is rubbed, 8~16% molasses, 0.5~1.5% acetic acid, 0.01~0.05% propylgallate and 30~50% water of homogenate gross mass is added, 35~50min is kept under 15~25 DEG C of environment.Ultrasound and enzymolysis processing are carried out to slurries, enzymolysis liquid is centrifuged, extract I is obtained by extraction.Centrifugal deposition and the subnatant of extraction are mixed, postcooling centrifugation is boiled, 18~20% are concentrated in vacuo to centrifugation gained supernatant, obtains extract II.The present invention has the advantage that extraction is abundant, enzymolysis consuming protease is few, and Walk can be divided to realize that extraction is detached according to the property matter of Different Nutrition ingredient, nutrients is extracted from squid leftover bits and pieces.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the extraction and processing technique fields of waste of aquatic more particularly to a kind of squid leftover bits and pieces to extract nutrition
The method of object.
Background technology
Squid category Mollusca Cephalopoda has individual big, trunk length, meat compared to other sea mollusks
The characteristics of tender and succulence.In terms of the specific body weight of squid, squid meat accounts for about the 50% of its weight, and head and foot account for about 25%, squid skin
Account for about 25% with internal organ.During to the working process of squid, squid skin, cartilage, internal organ etc. are used as processing byproduct, often
Fish meal is made after emergency burial or drying so that these leftover bits and pieces processing and utilization rates full of nutrition are extremely low.
In the prior art, the Chinese patent that notification number is CN 102392010B discloses one kind using squid viscera as raw material
Extract protease method, this method eliminate extracting solution during extracting protease in upper-layer fat.Notification number is
The Chinese patent of CN107699334A discloses a kind of ultrasonic wave added aqueous enzymatic method and extracts Squid Oil from sleeve-fish-processing waste
Method, this method extract squid oil component with absolute ethyl alcohol, other nutriments being rich in sleeve-fish-processing waste do not have
To rational extraction and utilize.The processing and treating method of these squid leftover bits and pieces is confined to a certain kind in fish oil or albumen mostly
Single extraction, other ingredients, which are just removed, to be wasted.
Invention content
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of method that squid leftover bits and pieces extracts nutrients, has and extract abundant, extraction
The high advantage of rate.
The present invention above-mentioned technical purpose technical scheme is that：A kind of squid leftover bits and pieces extraction battalion
The method for supporting object, includes the following steps：
A. squid leftover bits and pieces is rubbed and is homogenized, be added homogenate 8~16% molasses of gross mass, 0.5~1.5% acetic acid, 0.01~
0.05% propylgallate and 30~50% water keep 35~50min under 15~25 DEG C of environment.
B. slurries obtained by step a are ultrasonically treated, protease is then added, digest 45 under the conditions of 40~55 DEG C~
Enzyme deactivation after 50min, obtains enzymolysis liquid.
C. enzymolysis liquid obtained by step b is centrifuged, ethyl acetate extraction is added into centrifugation gained supernatant, evaporates and recycles
Ethyl acetate in upper layer of extraction liquid obtains extract I.
D. the subnatant of step c centrifugations gained sediment and extraction is mixed, the 0.8~1.4% of mixed liquor gross mass is added
20~30min is boiled and kept to purple perilla powder, is centrifuged after being cooled to room temperature, 18 is concentrated in vacuo to centrifugation gained supernatant~
20%, obtain extract II.
E. it is 0.3~0.6 according to mass ratio by extract I and extract II:1 ratio mixing.
Implement above-mentioned technical proposal, grease-like composition extract I can be extracted from squid leftover bits and pieces and is rich in ox sulphur
The protein ingredient extract II of acid.By the way that molasses, acetic acid and propylgallate are added into the homogenate of squid leftover bits and pieces, make squid
The homogenate of fish pomace forms stable self-dissolving system, carries out preliminarily solubilised, can reduce protease in subsequent processing in this way
Dosage.Then ultrasound, enzymolysis, centrifugal treating are carried out to homogenate, since solubility is high in ethyl acetate for grease-like composition, from from
Grease-like composition extract I is extracted in supernatant.Purple perilla powder is the extract of plant purple perilla, has solving toxin of fish and crab and promoting the circulation of qi
The effect of tocolysis, the purple perilla powder being added in step d can be very good removal fishy smell.Meanwhile extract I and extract II being pressed
It is 0.3~0.6 according to mass ratio:1 ratio mixes, and the ingredients such as grease type, protide and taurine are contained in obtained nutrients,
The grease-like composition extracted from squid is similar to fish oil, including the polyunsaturated fatty acid that human body cannot synthesize, have promoting blood circulation,
The effect of lipid-loweringing；Taurine is a kind of amino acid of sulfur-bearing, closely related with the metabolism of cystine, cysteine, is to maintain people
One of indispensable substance of body normal physiological function.
Further, the squid leftover bits and pieces includes calamary head, squid cartilage, squid viscera and squid skin.
Implement above-mentioned technical proposal, the leftover bits and pieces generated in squid process can be made full use of.It is rich in calamary head
The ingredients such as protein, taurine and vitamin are rich in collagen in squid skin, and the main component of squid cartilage is acid viscous more
Sugar and protein, squid viscera contain the ingredients such as abundant fat, protein, and abundant nutrients is all contained in these leftover bits and pieces
Matter can reduce the wasting of resources to the processing of extraction again of leftover bits and pieces.
Further, the temperature condition being ultrasonically treated in the step b is 30~35 DEG C, and supersonic frequency is 45~50KHz.
Implement above-mentioned technical proposal, supersound process can make the component distributing in slurries tend to be uniform, pass through the sky of ultrasound
Change effect improves the enzymolysis efficiency of slurries.
Further, the protease being added in the step b is one or both of serrapeptass and papain.
Implement above-mentioned technical proposal, serrapeptass and papain can be widely used for protein hydrolysate, have low special
Property, can be peptide fragment by proteolysis.
Further, the protease is that serrapeptass and papain press 3:The mixed enzyme of 2 mixing, the protease
Additive amount is 1200~1800U/g of slurries obtained by step a.
Implement above-mentioned technical proposal, the mixing application of two kinds of enzymes can expand the protein classes range digested, and two kinds
The environmental optima condition of enzyme is close, and enzymolysis is not interfere with each other, and enzymolysis efficiency can be improved by being used in combination.
Further, the centrifugal condition in the step c is 3500~5000rpm/min, 8~10min of centrifugation time；It is described
Centrifugal condition in step d is 5500~8000rpm/min, 8~10min of centrifugation time.
Implement above-mentioned technical proposal, centrifugal action can be such that slurries realize to be separated by solid-liquid separation, then by nutritional ingredient from liquid
It is partially separated out.
Further, it is the 35~40% of supernatant volume that ethyl acetate amount, which is added, in the extraction in the step c, stirring 5~
Standing separation after 8min collects upper layer of extraction liquid evaporation recycling ethyl acetate.
Implement above-mentioned technical proposal, extract I is grease type nutritional ingredient collected by step c, by into supernatant
It is stirred after ethyl acetate is added, grease-like composition is made to be dissolved in ethyl acetate layer, by collecting ethyl acetate after stratification
Layer, and evaporate recycling ethyl acetate and obtain extract I.
Further, the extract I is obtained by washing, and the washing step includes using mass fraction for 1~1.2%
Citric acid soln to extract I wash 2~3 times.
Implement above-mentioned technical proposal, citric acid soln can extract impurity, the smell component in extract I, lead to
It crosses and is sufficiently mixed citric acid soln and extract I, so that the impurity components such as the water soluble salt in extract I is dissolved into citric acid molten
In liquid, the extract I on upper layer is recycled after stratification.
Further, the mass ratio of the extract I and extract II is 0.38~0.46:1.
Implement above-mentioned technical proposal, the nutrients nutrition being mixed to get by said ratio is balanced, gets a foothold also close to from squid
The ratio extracted in material.
In conclusion the invention has the advantages that：
One, relatively thorough to the extraction of nutritional ingredient, extraction separation is realized according to the Xing Zhi Fen Walk of Different Nutrition ingredient, by squid
Centrifugical extraction after leftover bits and pieces enzymolysis, obtains the grease in squid leftover bits and pieces；Then by remaining leftover bits and pieces, i.e. centrifugation obtains heavy
Product object and the remaining water layer mixing of extraction are boiled, then cooling centrifugal concentrating obtains albumen and taurine, extracts obtained battalion in this way
It is full of nutrition, balanced to support object；
Two, in extraction process, first make the homogenate self-dissolving of squid leftover bits and pieces, digest after carrying out preliminary exposition, reduce so again
The dosage of protease in subsequent processing, has saved extraction cost, meanwhile, the slurries enzyme that the processing mode digested after first self-dissolving obtains
It is good to solve effect, accordingly improves extraction efficiency；
Three, purple perilla powder is the extract of plant purple perilla, has the function of solving toxin of fish and crab and promoting the circulation of qi tocolysis, is added in step d
Purple perilla powder can remove the fishy smell of extract II, with citric acid soln wash extract I also remove impurity in extract I and
Peculiar smell improves mouthfeel and the safety of gained nutrients in this way.
Specific implementation mode
In the following detailed description, it is proposed that many details, in order to complete understanding of the present invention.But
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention can be in some details in not needing these details
In the case of implement.Below the description of embodiment is used for the purpose of providing to the present invention more by showing the example of the present invention
Understand well.
Embodiment one：
The present embodiment is related to a kind of method of squid leftover bits and pieces extraction nutrients, includes the following steps：
A. 50kg squid leftover bits and pieces is rubbed and is homogenized, be added into homogenate 5kg molasses, 500g acetic acid, 15g propylgallates and
Then 20kg water keeps 45min under 20 DEG C of environment.Wherein, squid leftover bits and pieces includes calamary head, squid cartilage, squid viscera
And squid skin.
B. slurries obtained by step a are ultrasonically treated under the conditions of 32 DEG C, then egg is added in supersonic frequency 45KHz
White enzyme, i.e. serrapeptass and papain press 3:The mixed enzyme of 2 mixing, addition are the 1300U/g of slurries.It is warming up to 45 DEG C
Enzyme deactivation after enzymolysis 45min, obtains enzymolysis liquid.
C. 4500 rpm/min of enzymolysis liquid obtained by step b is centrifuged into 8 min, 17L second is added into centrifugation gained supernatant
Acetoacetic ester is extracted, and standing separation after 6min is stirred, and is collected upper layer of extraction liquid evaporation recycling ethyl acetate, is obtained extract I,
The citric acid soln for being 1% with mass fraction washs extract I 2 times.
D. the subnatant of step c centrifugations gained sediment and extraction is re-mixed, 0.9kg purple perilla powders is added, boil simultaneously
25min is kept, 6500 rpm/min centrifugations 10min after being cooled to room temperature is concentrated in vacuo to 20% to centrifugation gained supernatant, obtains
To extract II.
E. it is 0.42 according to mass ratio by extract I and extract II:1 ratio mixing.
Embodiment two：
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment one essentially consist in：Do not used in the step c of the present embodiment mass fraction for 1% Chinese holly
Rafter acid solution washs extract I.
Embodiment three：
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment one essentially consist in：The protease being added in the present embodiment step b is serrapeptass, is added
Enter the 1800U/g that amount is slurries.
Example IV：
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment one essentially consist in：The protease being added in the present embodiment step b is papain,
Addition is the 1800U/g of slurries.
Embodiment five：
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment one essentially consist in：6kg molasses, 400g acetic acid, 25g are added in the present embodiment step a
Propylgallate and 25kg water, 35min is kept under 20 DEG C of environment.
Embodiment six：
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment one essentially consist in：8kg molasses, 650g acetic acid, 5g are added in the present embodiment step a not have
Propyl galate and 15kg water, 50min is kept under 25 DEG C of environment.
Embodiment seven：
The present embodiment and the difference of embodiment one essentially consist in：The mass ratio of extract I and extract II in the present embodiment step e
It is 0.3:1.
Comparative example one：
Squid leftover bits and pieces is extracted according to method disclosed in the Chinese patent that notification number is CN107699334A：By 50kg squids
Fish pomace is homogenized after cleaning, and homogenate is mixed with water, pH to 2.5 is adjusted, 15min is kept the temperature in 35 DEG C of ultrasonic cleaners,
The pepsin of homogenate quality 100g is added, constant temperature digests enzyme deactivation after 1.5h in ultrasonic cleaner, obtains enzymolysis liquid；It waits digesting
After liquid is cooled to room temperature, centrifuging and taking supernatant, and in supernatant be added 2 times of volumes of supernatant absolute ethyl alcohol, magnetic agitation
It is stored at room temperature 3h after at the uniform velocity stirring 1.5h on device, supernatant liquor is transferred in another clean container, rotary evaporation removes anhydrous
Squid Oil is obtained after ethyl alcohol.
Comparative example two：
The difference of this comparative example and embodiment one essentially consists in：After squid leftover bits and pieces is rubbed homogenate by the present embodiment in step a,
25kg water is added into homogenate, then keeps 40min under 20 DEG C of environment.
Product testing：
It collects embodiment one to seven and comparative example one, two extracts the nutrients being mixed to get, weigh to nutrients.
According to GB 5009.168-2016 method to the content of fatty acid in embodiment one to seven and comparative example one, two into
Row measures；The method of GB 5009.5-2010 is to the protein in embodiment one to seven and comparative example one, two according to national standards
Content is measured；According to the method for GB 5009.169- 2016 to the taurine in embodiment one to seven and comparative example one, two
Content is measured, and measurement result is as shown in Table 1.
One embodiment one to seven of table and comparative example one, two weigh and assay result
| Gross weight（kg） | Aliphatic acid（g/100g） | Protein（g/100g） | Taurine（mg/100g） | |
| Embodiment one | 18.8 | 32 | 61 | 86 |
| Embodiment two | 18.6 | 33 | 60 | 84 |
| Embodiment three | 16.5 | 28 | 58 | 62 |
| Example IV | 16.3 | 25 | 59 | 59 |
| Embodiment five | 17.9 | 30 | 65 | 78 |
| Embodiment six | 18.1 | 29 | 62 | 75 |
| Embodiment seven | 18.5 | 21 | 68 | 82 |
| Comparative example one | 7.6 | 79 | 0.6 | 0 |
| Comparative example two | 14.2 | 22 | 53 | 38 |
By table one as it can be seen that the extracting method of comparative example one be only capable of collect squid leftover bits and pieces in grease-like composition, to protide at
Divide and taurine ingredient can not be extracted effectively.The recovery rate of embodiment one and embodiment two is high, the nutrient inventory extracted
High, nutrition equilibrium.The nutrient inventory of the extraction of embodiment five and embodiment six is stablized relatively, molasses, acetic acid and gallic acid
The usage ratio variation of propyl ester influences extraction process smaller.The scheme recovery rate of embodiment three and example IV is relatively low,
It can be seen that being slightly inferior to the technique using mixing protease using a kind of extraction process effect of protease.The recovery rate of comparative example two compared with
Each embodiment is lower, shows that the technique extraction efficiency that molasses, acetic acid and propylgallate are not added is poor.
Although with reference to above-described embodiment, invention is explained in detail, and those of ordinary skill in the art still can be with
In the absence of conflict, creative work is not made to be according to circumstances combined with each other the feature in various embodiments of the present invention, increase
Other adjustment are deleted or make, to obtain different, essence without departing from the other technologies scheme of the design of the present invention, these technical sides
Case similarly belongs to invention which is intended to be protected.
Claims (9)
1. a kind of method of squid leftover bits and pieces extraction nutrients, which is characterized in that include the following steps：
A. squid leftover bits and pieces is rubbed and is homogenized, be added homogenate 8~16% molasses of gross mass, 0.5~1.5% acetic acid, 0.01~
0.05% propylgallate and 30~50% water keep 35~50min under 15~25 DEG C of environment；
B. slurries obtained by step a are ultrasonically treated, protease is then added, digest 45 under the conditions of 40~55 DEG C~
Enzyme deactivation after 50min, obtains enzymolysis liquid；
C. enzymolysis liquid obtained by step b is centrifuged, ethyl acetate extraction is added into centrifugation gained supernatant, evaporates and recycles upper layer
Ethyl acetate in extract liquor obtains extract I；
D. the subnatant of step c centrifugations gained sediment and extraction is mixed, 0.8~1.4% purple perilla of mixed liquor gross mass is added
Powder boils and keeps 20~30min, is centrifuged after being cooled to room temperature, and is concentrated in vacuo to 18~20% to centrifugation gained supernatant, obtains
To extract II；
E. it is 0.3~0.6 according to mass ratio by extract I and extract II:1 ratio mixing.
2. a kind of method of squid leftover bits and pieces extraction nutrients according to claim 1, which is characterized in that under the squid
Heel includes calamary head, squid cartilage, squid viscera and squid skin.
3. a kind of method of squid leftover bits and pieces extraction nutrients according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step b
The temperature condition of middle supersound process is 30~35 DEG C, and supersonic frequency is 45~50KHz.
4. a kind of method of squid leftover bits and pieces extraction nutrients according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step b
The protease of middle addition is one or both of serrapeptass and papain.
5. a kind of method of squid leftover bits and pieces extraction nutrients according to claim 4, which is characterized in that the protease
3 are pressed for serrapeptass and papain:The additive amount of the mixed enzyme of 2 mixing, the protease is slurries obtained by step a
1200~1800U/g.
6. a kind of method of squid leftover bits and pieces extraction nutrients according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step c
In centrifugal condition be 3500~5000rpm/min, 8~10min of centrifugation time；Centrifugal condition in the step d is 5500
~8000rpm/min, 8~10min of centrifugation time.
7. a kind of method of squid leftover bits and pieces extraction nutrients according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the step c
In extraction be added ethyl acetate amount be supernatant volume 35~40%, stir 5~8min after standing separation, collect upper layer extraction
Take liquid evaporation recycling ethyl acetate.
8. a kind of method of squid leftover bits and pieces extraction nutrients according to claim 7, which is characterized in that the extract
I obtains by washing, and the washing includes that the citric acid soln for using mass fraction to be 1~1.2% washs 2~3 to extract I
It is secondary.
9. a kind of method of squid leftover bits and pieces extraction nutrients according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the extract
I and extract II mass ratio be 0.38~0.46:1.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN111493292A (en) * | 2020-04-27 | 2020-08-07 | 荣成海的故事海洋科技有限公司 | A method for preparing refined paste from marine organism and/or marine product processing waste |
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Application publication date: 20181106 |