CN108718958A - A kind of corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress - Google Patents

A kind of corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress Download PDF

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Publication number
CN108718958A
CN108718958A CN201810550876.1A CN201810550876A CN108718958A CN 108718958 A CN108718958 A CN 108718958A CN 201810550876 A CN201810550876 A CN 201810550876A CN 108718958 A CN108718958 A CN 108718958A
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ridge
corn
prevention
control
fertilizer
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CN201810550876.1A
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Inventor
刘伟
石德杨
矫岩林
曹萌
赵健
杜清福
于维忠
夏德君
袁堂玉
姜鸿明
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Shandong Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Shandong Yantai Academy of Agricultural Sciences
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Priority to CN201810550876.1A priority Critical patent/CN108718958A/en
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    • AHUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A01AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
    • A01GHORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
    • A01G22/00Cultivation of specific crops or plants not otherwise provided for
    • A01G22/20Cereals

Abstract

The invention discloses a kind of corn planting methods of prevention and control typhoon climate stress, including:The plot except the thin better-than-average fertility of stubble rake is suitably turned in site preparation, ridging selection, and ridge culture ridge width is 75-85cm, ridge face width 55-65cm, the wide 36-44cm of furrow, the high 12-16cm in ridge;Seed selection sowing selects to promote mainly kind sowing suitable for local production;Fertilising;Field management is carried out according to high-yield field level.Corn planting method provided by the present invention can effectively reduce lodging rate of the corn when typhoon climate occurs by using the mode of ridge planting, mitigate damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, and grain number per spike and mass of 1000 kernel are significantly improved compared with conventional flat planting;Damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging is effectively reduced in conjunction with wide-narrow row planting by using the mode that duplicate rows is planted on ridge, reduces the lodging rate of corn, is conducive to ventilation and penetrating light, greatly improves the yield of corn;This method can obtain good volume increase and waterlogging-resistant stain effect, have popularizing application prospect, practical significance great.

Description

A kind of corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress
Technical field
The present invention relates to proportion of crop planting and technical field of cultivation, more particularly to a kind of prevention and control typhoon climate is coerced Corn planting method.
Background technology
China is that more one of country is influenced by typhoon climate, and frequently logging in for typhoon causes great prestige to agricultural production The side of body.According to statistics, it is more than 20 to cause the typhoon of significant impact to China every year, the strong wind and rainstorm weather pair that typhoon climate is brought Agricultural production causes Severe Reduction.
It is well known that the Yellow River and Huai He River sea region is the important grain producing region in China, and the possibility occurrence of this area's typhoon is larger, The fragility of crops is higher, therefore more stringent requirements are proposed to cultivation management measure.In China's the Yellow River and Huai He River sea region, typhoon hair Raw majority is summer corn Growing season, causes different degrees of lodging and damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, seriously reduces corn yield, endangers grain security. It is existing that studies have shown that summer corn lodging is rolled over stem, the influence to its yield is maximum, and stem takes second place, the root minimum of falling amount of decrease;And it is different Growthdevelopmental stage influence differ greatly, wherein the lodge more early underproduction of florescence to milk stage is more serious.In addition, studies have shown that flood Influence of the evil to corn increases with leaf age and is reduced, low Leaf-Age-Period waterflooding 1-2 days can the underproduction 30%, and high Leaf-Age-Period waterflooding is small It is little in 3 days yield effects, it can 40% or more the underproduction more than three days.
Currently, many work have been done to the forecasting and warning of typhoon climate by China, but the Anti-Typhoon stress in relation to crops is ground Study carefully that report is less, related crops Mechanism Study resistant to lodging and waterlogging has had the theoretical system of maturation, but majority tends to Research in terms of its variety selection and biochemical preparation regulation and control, both unified cultivation management measure is less, and variety selection takes too Long and resistant to lodging not necessarily waterlogging, biochemical preparation causes prodigious negative effect to ecological environment.
In conclusion how on existing Research foundation, by improveing cultivation management measure, effective prevention and control typhoon gas is explored As the Cultural practices that disaster is coerced, a kind of corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress is provided, lodging and the damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging side of body are reduced The underproduction caused by urgent common generation, for ensureing that summer corn stable high yield obtains theoretical and practical significance with important.
Invention content
In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a kind of corn planting methods of prevention and control typhoon climate stress.
In order to achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme that:
A kind of corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress, includes the following steps:
S1, site preparation:The plot except the thin better-than-average fertility of stubble rake is suitably turned in ridging selection, and ridge culture ridge width is 75-85cm, Ridge face width 55-65cm, the wide 36-44cm of furrow, the high 12-16cm in ridge;
S2, seed selection sowing:Selection promotes mainly kind sowing cultivation suitable for local production;
S3, fertilising:By 1000kg/hm2Yield level, apart from corn planting row 8-12cm trench digging applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer And potash fertilizer, the nitrogenous fertilizer apply at twice in jointing stage and typhon mouth phase, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer are primary before sowing Property apply;
S4, management:Field management is carried out according to high-yield field level, herbicide spraying before after planting emerging, in nine Leaf-Age-Periods Spray insecticide control corn borer.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step sl, the ridging direction of the ridge culture is south-north direction.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step s 2, the ridge culture sowing is specifically, plant duplicate rows on ridge, duplicate rows on ridge Line space is 38-42cm, and spacing in the rows 21.8-22.5cm, density is 73000-77000 plants/hm2, per 2-3 seeds of bunch planting, three Leaf age stays one plant of strong seedling.
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step s3, the nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer be respectively urea, calcium superphosphate and The amount of application of potassium chloride, the nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer is respectively N 160-185kg/hm2、P2O5 65-75kg/hm2And K2O 132-145kg/hm2, and the nitrogenous fertilizer applies 40% and 60% respectively in jointing stage and typhon mouth phase.
Preferably, in the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step s3, the urea that the nitrogenous fertilizer is 46%, and the nitrogenous fertilizer Dosage is 380kg/hm2
Preferably, in the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step s3, the phosphate fertilizer is 17%P2O5Calcium superphosphate, and it is described The dosage of phosphate fertilizer is 412kg/hm2
Preferably, in the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step s3, the potash fertilizer is containing 60%K2The potassium chloride of O, and it is described The dosage of potash fertilizer is 233kg/hm2
In the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step s 4, the herbicide is 40% second green bristlegrass mixture, dilutes 1800-2500 Entire soil surface control weeds germination is uniformly sprayed at after times, the amount of spraying is 550-620L/hm2;The insecticide is 50% Phoxim preparation is uniformly sprayed on blade after 800-1200 times of dilution, and the amount of spraying is 720-780L/hm2
Further, in the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step s 2, the ridge culture sowing uses hand-held Precision Seeding machine sowing Kind.
Further, in the above-mentioned technical solutions, in step s 2, the corn variety is Zheng Dan 958 or steps on sea 605.
Advantages of the present invention:
(1) corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate provided by the present invention stress by using ridge planting side Formula can effectively reduce lodging rate of the corn when typhoon climate occurs, and mitigate damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, and grain number per spike and mass of 1000 kernel are compared with conventional flat planting It is significantly improved, meanwhile, ridge planting can effectively improve rhizosphere environment, thicken the mellow soil layer suitable for corn crop growth, Promote to prick under root system, further effectively reduces its lodging rate;
(2) corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate provided by the present invention stress by using on ridge duplicate rows plant Mode, in conjunction with wide-narrow row planting, when the heavy showers and strong wind for meeting with typhoon climate, the big spacing of furrow can become let out air port and Floodwater releasing port reduces the lodging rate of corn to effectively reduce damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, meanwhile, it is stingy that wide-and narrow-row ridge culture can improve its canopy It waits, is conducive to ventilation and penetrating light, greatly improves the yield of corn;
(3) ridge culture used by the corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress provided by the present invention is broadcast using machine Kind and harvest, it is identical as the existing management of flat work, typhoon natural calamity is effectively relieved under the premise of not increasing farming cost Stress, and good volume increase and waterlogging-resistant stain effect can be obtained, it is pushed away with large area in China southeast that typhoon climate takes place frequently Wide application prospect, practical significance are great.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the corn planting method of the prevention and control typhoon climate stress provided in the embodiment of the present invention.
Specific implementation mode
With reference to specific embodiment, the specific implementation mode of the present invention is described in further detail.Following embodiment It is only used for the content further illustrated the present invention, should not be construed as limiting the invention.Without departing substantially from spirit of that invention and reality In the case of matter, to modifications or substitutions made by the method for the present invention, step or condition, all belong to the scope of the present invention.
Unless otherwise specified, the routine that technological means used in the embodiment of the present invention is well known to those skilled in the art Means.
An embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of corn planting methods of prevention and control typhoon climate stress, include the following steps:
S1, site preparation:The plot except the thin better-than-average fertility of stubble rake is suitably turned in ridging selection, and ridge culture ridge width is 75-85cm, Ridge face width 55-65cm, the wide 36-44cm of furrow, the high 12-16cm in ridge are specific as shown in Figure 1;
Specifically, the ridging direction of above-mentioned ridge culture is south-north direction;
S2, seed selection sowing:Selection promotes mainly kind sowing cultivation suitable for local production;
Specifically, above-mentioned ridge culture sowing is to plant duplicate rows, line-spacing 38-42cm, spacing in the rows 21.8-22.5cm, density on ridge For 73000-77000 plants/hm2, per 2-3 seeds of bunch planting, three leaf ages stay one plant of strong seedling;
In detail, above-mentioned ridge culture sowing is sowed using hand-held precision seeder;
S3, fertilising:By 1000kg/hm2Yield level, apart from corn planting row 8-12cm trench digging applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer And potash fertilizer, the nitrogenous fertilizer apply at twice in jointing stage and typhon mouth phase, the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer are primary before sowing Property apply;
Specifically, above-mentioned nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are respectively urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride, the nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and The amount of application of potash fertilizer is respectively N 160-185kg/hm2、P2O5 65-75kg/hm2And K2O 132-145kg/hm2, and above-mentioned nitrogen Fertilizer applies 40% and 60% respectively in jointing stage and typhon mouth phase;
In detail, the urea that above-mentioned nitrogenous fertilizer is 46%, and the dosage of above-mentioned nitrogenous fertilizer is 380kg/hm2
In detail, above-mentioned phosphate fertilizer is 17%P2O5Calcium superphosphate, and the dosage of above-mentioned phosphate fertilizer be 412kg/hm2
In detail, above-mentioned potash fertilizer is containing 60%K2The potassium chloride of O, and the dosage of above-mentioned potash fertilizer is 233kg/hm2
S4, management:Field management is carried out according to high-yield field level, herbicide spraying before after planting emerging, in nine Leaf-Age-Periods Spray insecticide control corn borer;
Specifically, above-mentioned herbicide is 40% second green bristlegrass mixture, and entire soil is uniformly sprayed at after 1800-2500 times of dilution Granule surface contral weeds germinate, and the amount of spraying is 550-620L/hm2
Specifically, above-mentioned insecticide is 50% phoxim preparation, is uniformly sprayed on blade after 800-1200 times of dilution, is sprayed The amount of applying is 720-780L/hm2
The planting experiment of the embodiment of the present invention in 2016 and 2017 in Yantai, Shandong Province academy of agricultural sciences experimental plot into Row.
The embodiment of the present invention, which is respectively adopted Zheng Dan 958 (ZD958) and steps on 605 (DH605) of sea, does planting experiment.
In addition, when carrying out Zheng Dan 958 (ZD958) and stepping on the planting experiment of 605 (DH605) of sea, implantation time is June 17 Day, it is carried out at the same time level land wide-narrow row planting (i.e. 40-80 flat make) pacifically uniform row plantation (i.e. 60-60 puts down work), width on ridge Uniformly row plantation (i.e. 60-60 ridge culture) experiment, compares its yield, lodging rate, grain number per spike in row plantation (i.e. 40-80 ridge culture), ridge And mass of 1000 kernel.
Meteorology explanation, No. 1710 typhoons " Malus spectabilis " on the 1st of August in 2017 experimental field bring heavy showers and strong wind day to this case Gas, precipitation 122.9mm during this;In addition, be respectively occurring at No. 1615 typhoons " Mo Landi " on the 15th of September in 2016,2015 years 7 No. 1509 typhoons " bright letter " on the moon 12, No. 1410 typhoons " Mai Demu " on July 25th, 2014 cause to drop by force in various degree Rain and strong wind weather.
Statistics Different Ways of Planting is to the yield of corn planting, lodging rate, grain number per spike and the influence of mass of 1000 kernel respectively, as a result As shown in table 1 below.
Can be seen that from the result in table 1 ZD958 and DH605 ridge culture yield be above its it is flat make yield, meanwhile, In the plantation that ridge culture peace is made, the yield of wide-narrow row planting is then higher than the yield of uniform row plantation.
Influence result of the Different Ways of Planting to corn planting in 1 embodiment of the present invention of table
It is in comparative analysis table 1 results, it can be seen that the embodiment of the present invention prevention and control typhoon climate stress corn planting Method can effectively reduce lodging rate of the corn when typhoon climate occurs by using the mode of ridge planting, mitigate damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, and Grain number per spike and mass of 1000 kernel are significantly improved compared with conventional flat planting, meanwhile, ridge planting can effectively improve rhizosphere environment, thicken suitable The mellow soil layer of suitable corn crop growth, promotes to prick under root system, further effectively reduces its lodging rate;In addition, by using The mode that duplicate rows is planted on ridge, in conjunction with wide-narrow row planting, when the heavy showers and strong wind for meeting with typhoon climate, the big spacing energy of furrow As air port and floodwater releasing port is let out, to effectively reduce damage or crop failure caused by waterlogging, the lodging rate of corn is reduced, meanwhile, wide-and narrow-row ridge culture can change It is apt to its canopy miniclimate, is conducive to ventilation and penetrating light, greatly improves the yield of corn;On the other hand, the prevention and control platform of the embodiment of the present invention General mood waits ridge culture used by the corn planting method of stress and is sowed and harvested using machine, identical as the existing management of flat work, The stress of typhoon natural calamity is effectively relieved under the premise of not increasing farming cost, and good volume increase and waterlogging-resistant stain can be obtained Effect has large scale application foreground, practical significance great in China southeast that typhoon climate takes place frequently.
Finally, the preferred embodiment that these are only the present invention, is not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.It is all this Within the spirit and principle of invention, any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement and so on should be included in the protection model of the present invention Within enclosing.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress, which is characterized in that include the following steps:
S1, site preparation:The plot except the thin better-than-average fertility of stubble rake is suitably turned in ridging selection, and ridge culture ridge width is 75-85cm, ridge face Wide 55-65cm, the wide 36-44cm of furrow, the high 12-16cm in ridge;
S2, seed selection sowing:Selection promotes mainly kind sowing cultivation suitable for local production;
S3, fertilising:By 1000kg/hm2Yield level, apart from corn planting row 8-12cm trench digging applied nitrogen, phosphate fertilizer and potassium Fertilizer, the nitrogenous fertilizer apply at twice in jointing stage and typhon mouth phase, and the phosphate fertilizer and the potash fertilizer are disposably applied before sowing Enter;
S4, management:Field management is carried out according to high-yield field level, herbicide spraying before after planting emerging is sprayed in nine Leaf-Age-Periods Insecticide controls corn borer.
2. the corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S1 In, the ridging direction of the ridge culture is south-north direction.
3. the corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S2 In, the ridge culture sowing is specifically, plant duplicate rows on ridge, the line space of duplicate rows is 38-42cm, spacing in the rows 21.8-22.5cm on ridge, Density is 73000-77000 plants/hm2, per 2-3 seeds of bunch planting, three leaf ages stay one plant of strong seedling.
4. the corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S3 In, the nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer are respectively urea, calcium superphosphate and potassium chloride, the nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer and potash fertilizer amount of application Respectively N 160-185kg/hm2、P2O5 65-75kg/hm2And K2O 132-145kg/hm2, and the nitrogenous fertilizer in the jointing stage and The typhon mouth phase applies 40% and 60% respectively.
5. the corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in step S3 In, the urea that the nitrogenous fertilizer is 46%, and the dosage of the nitrogenous fertilizer is 380kg/hm2
6. the corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in step S3 In, the phosphate fertilizer is 17%P2O5Calcium superphosphate, and the dosage of the phosphate fertilizer be 412kg/hm2
7. the corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress according to claim 4, which is characterized in that in step S3 In, the potash fertilizer is containing 60%K2The potassium chloride of O, and the dosage of the potash fertilizer is 233kg/hm2
8. the corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress according to claim 1, which is characterized in that in step S4 In, the herbicide is 40% second green bristlegrass mixture, and entire soil surface control weeds are uniformly sprayed at after 1800-2500 times of dilution Germination, the amount of spraying are 550-620L/hm2;The insecticide is 50% phoxim preparation, uniformly sprinkling after diluting 800-1200 times On blade, the amount of spraying is 720-780L/hm2
9. the corn planting method coerced according to claim 1-8 any one of them prevention and control typhoon climates, which is characterized in that In step S2, the ridge culture sowing is sowed using hand-held precision seeder.
10. the corn planting method coerced according to claim 1-8 any one of them prevention and control typhoon climates, which is characterized in that In step s 2, the corn variety is Zheng Dan 958 or steps on sea 605.
CN201810550876.1A 2018-05-31 2018-05-31 A kind of corn planting method of prevention and control typhoon climate stress Pending CN108718958A (en)

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109673230A (en) * 2019-02-18 2019-04-26 红河学院 A kind of Tree Precise Fertilization method of corn section fertilizer volume increase

Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105917930A (en) * 2016-05-10 2016-09-07 淮安市农业技术推广中心 Full-seedling and strong-plant cultivation method for corn
CN105961004A (en) * 2016-05-31 2016-09-28 山东农业大学 Corn planting method for effectively controlling water logging stress
CN106034633A (en) * 2016-05-31 2016-10-26 山东农业大学 Corn planting method based on fertilizer applying treatment and capable of effectively adjusting and controlling waterlogging stress
CN107691144A (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-02-16 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 A kind of corn planting method
CN107853105A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-03-30 莫玉艳 A kind of implantation methods of corn

Patent Citations (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN105917930A (en) * 2016-05-10 2016-09-07 淮安市农业技术推广中心 Full-seedling and strong-plant cultivation method for corn
CN105961004A (en) * 2016-05-31 2016-09-28 山东农业大学 Corn planting method for effectively controlling water logging stress
CN106034633A (en) * 2016-05-31 2016-10-26 山东农业大学 Corn planting method based on fertilizer applying treatment and capable of effectively adjusting and controlling waterlogging stress
CN107853105A (en) * 2017-11-02 2018-03-30 莫玉艳 A kind of implantation methods of corn
CN107691144A (en) * 2017-11-29 2018-02-16 广西沙田仙人滩农业投资有限公司 A kind of corn planting method

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109673230A (en) * 2019-02-18 2019-04-26 红河学院 A kind of Tree Precise Fertilization method of corn section fertilizer volume increase

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Application publication date: 20181102