CN108706736B - A kind of ecological restoring method of eutrophic water body incense ashes soil deposit - Google Patents
A kind of ecological restoring method of eutrophic water body incense ashes soil deposit Download PDFInfo
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
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- A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
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- A01—AGRICULTURE; FORESTRY; ANIMAL HUSBANDRY; HUNTING; TRAPPING; FISHING
- A01G—HORTICULTURE; CULTIVATION OF VEGETABLES, FLOWERS, RICE, FRUIT, VINES, HOPS OR SEAWEED; FORESTRY; WATERING
- A01G33/00—Cultivation of seaweed or algae
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Abstract
The present invention provides a kind of ecological restoring method of eutrophic water body incense ashes soil deposit, flocculating and purifying is carried out to the water body in target lake by splashing flocculant, composite flocculation compression material of splashing later makes the flocculation compression of incense ashes soil deposit, the composite flocculation material is porous material, consisting of 20-50% cinder powder, 20-60% rice or wheat straw fiber, 10-30% kaolin, 0.5-10% polyacrylamide and 0.1-10% chitosan.Progress seed bank supplement and submerged plant can also be mended and plant and promote to strengthen.Method of the invention can effectively improve incense ashes soil environment, submerged plant seed is promoted to sprout the fast quick-recovery with phytobiocoenose, to achieve the purpose that repair eutrophic water body incense ashes soil deposit and the fast quick-recovery of Submerged plant communities, and the method is safe, at low cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to environmental technology fields, and in particular to a kind of restoration of the ecosystem side of eutrophic water body incense ashes soil deposit
Method.
Background technique
Submerged vegetation recovery is the core link of ecosystem restoration, and realizes the pass that muddy water state changes to clear water state
Key, the Ecology Action mechanism of submerged vegetation specifically includes that (1) and algae competition can reduce algae using nutriment among these
Biomass；(2) increase particulate matter sedimentation, inhibit sediment resuspension；(3) place of growth and breeding is provided for zooplankter, and
Hide fish predation for it to create conditions；(4) oxygen is discharged to deposit by root system, improves deposit oxidation-reduction potential,
Inhibit the release, etc. of sediment phosphorus.Ecological system degradation practice have shown that, only submerged vegetation restore after clean water system
It can stablize.External numerous studies find that, if submerged vegetation does not restore after bio operon, system can also be returned to muddy water state,
But vegetation is once being formed, since great variety has occurred in Biotope Landscape, just will form the clean water system with different structure.
However, the practice of restoration of the ecosystem is found, the deposit surface layer in some lakes contains there are a kind of incense ashes soil for organic matter
A kind of high deposit is measured, is to be formed for a long time under special hydrology hydrodynamic force and Sediment Characteristics, is suspended in deposit table
Between layer and water bottom, with a thickness of 5-20cm or so.The presence of incense ashes soil has very big negative effect, serious shadow to restoration of the ecosystem
Submerged plant is rung to restore, especially the critical period of submerged plant sprouting, light-shading effect cause seed to sprout failure, so as to cause
The failure of entire restoration of the ecosystem.Studies have found that the phosphorus content of incense ashes soil water body can be lowered using lock phosphorus agent, but to incense ashes soil
Itself without any effect, that is can not change the light-shading effect that incense ashes soil sprouts submerged plant.
Therefore, how incense ashes soil deposit is removed or becomes consolidation, improve water-bed layer illumination condition, created heavy water and plant
Species word bank sprouts the light environment with growth of seedling, is the successful key problem in technology of eutrophic water body restoration of the ecosystem.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of ecological restoring methods of eutrophic water body incense ashes soil deposit.
To realize the above-mentioned technical purpose, the present invention adopts the following technical scheme:
A kind of ecological restoring method of eutrophic water body incense ashes soil deposit, comprising: flocculant of splashing is to target lake
Water body carries out flocculating and purifying, and composite flocculation compression material of splashing later makes the flocculation compression of incense ashes soil deposit；Wherein, described compound
Flocculation material is porous material, consisting of mass content 20-50% cinder powder, 20-60% rice or wheat straw fiber, 10-30% high
Ridge soil, 0.5-10% polyacrylamide and 0.1-10% chitosan.
Method of the invention sprouts the Seasonal Regularity with growth according to submerged plant, outstanding using flocculant flocculation water body first
Floating object matter improves water transparency, then in the first half of the month of submerged plant seed sprouting, composite flocculation compression material of splashing, material
Material self-assembling formation holey flock in water body, uniformly slowly sedimentation, covers incense ashes soil deposit, composite flocculation staypak
The seed that material porous character is conducive to sprout grows deposit surface layer, and is conducive to reducing substances such as hydrogen sulfide and overflows；Composite wood
There are also the phosphorus that can be absorbed in deposit for cinder powder in material etc., improve bed mud environment.
As a further improvement of the present invention, the flocculant selects polyacrylamide.The flocculants such as existing poly-aluminium are to heavy
Water plant growth has certain inhibiting effect, and aluminium salt will lead to that floccule body is lower with respect to specific gravity and relative loose after, add
Weight incense ashes soil effect.Further, the flocculant is splashed mode are as follows: is selected sunny calm weather in mid or late Febuary, is splashed
Polyacrylamide makes its concentration in water body reach 5-30mg/L.
As a further improvement of the present invention, in the composite flocculation compression material, the raw material cinder powder partial size of selection is
0.1-0.5cm；Rice or the long 0.5-5cm of wheat straw fiber.The composite flocculation compression material is in deposit surface cladding thickness
0.5-1cm.Composite flocculation compression material is splashed mode are as follows: by the end of February, at the beginning of 3 months, composite flocculation compression material of splashing, material exists
Water body forms holey body, and uniformly slowly sedimentation, covers incense ashes soil deposit, and be gradually compacted, cover composite flocculation material
It covers in deposit surface.
As a further improvement of the present invention, method of the invention further includes, right after composite flocculation compression material of splashing
Submerged plant seed bank is supplemented.In early and middle ten days in April, the germination of submerged plant seed bank in deposit is observed；Supplement
Submerged plant seed or trophosome are broadcasted sowing, the submerged plant seed of plant supplement selects eel grass, big najas marina, bog pondweed, watermifoil
And the trophosome hibernaculum of black algae；The usage amount of eel grass and big najas marina is 0.5-2kg per acre, sows the depth of water 1.5 in ordinary water level
Meter or less place, bog pondweed, black algae and watermifoil seed per acre dosage be 1.0-5kg, 1.5 meters of the depth of water or more when being sown in ordinary water level
Place；The method for sowing of seed and stem tuber is, with clay seed addition and water, uniformly to splash.
Third step is observation seed bank sprouting situation, and in germination rate lower region, supplement broadcasts sowing submerged plant seed or nutrition
Body sows eel grass and big najas marina seed in shallow water area (when ordinary water level 1.5 meters of the depth of water or less), broadcasts sowing eye in deeper water
Dish, black algae and watermifoil seed.
As a further improvement of the present invention, method of the invention further includes reseeding for submerged plant seedling；It is heavy broadcasting sowing
After water plant seed germination, the growing state of submerged plant is checked, early June mid-May-reseeds eel grass and big thatch in shoal
Algae seed reseeds bog pondweed, black algae and watermifoil seed at deep water.Further, after reseeding, Nafusaku medical fluid of splashing is used
Strong, the dosage 0.5-1g/m in promoting2, it is used continuously 2-3 times in one month, every minor tick 7-10 days, promotees strong.It is lower in germination rate
Place reseed submerged plant seedling, then carry out submerged plant and promote strong, it is sturdy to can promote root system of plant for Nafusaku medical fluid of splashing
With more, stablize Submerged plant communities, also have certain effect to dwarfing plants.
The processing of incense ashes soil deposit is carried out using method of the invention, use is safe, at low cost, can extremely be effectively improved perfume (or spice)
Dirt environment promotes submerged plant seed to sprout the fast quick-recovery with phytobiocoenose, repairs eutrophic water body incense ashes to reach
The purpose of native deposit and the fast quick-recovery of Submerged plant communities.
Specific embodiment
Embodiment 1
Hangzhou Small-scale Landscape Water Bodies, 3000 square metres of water surface area, 2.2 meters of mean depth, transparency 40cm, Ye Lv
Plain concentration average out to 50ug/L, there are the incense ashes of one layer of 15-20cm thickness soil on lake sediment surface.In December, 2014, selection was heavy
Product physical property matter it is consistent, the identical waters of the depth of water (100 square metres), broadcast sowing the black algae trophosome of submerged plant, trophosome is in deposit
Surface is evenly distributed.In late Febuary, 2015 carry out experiment in situ in the waters for broadcasting sowing phytoma, analyze 4 kinds of processing
Influence of the method to submerged plant beginning of spring germination rate and growth.5 enclosures are laid, 9 square metres of each enclosure water area, 5 are enclosed
Every being divided into 5 processing groups, respectively control group, experimental group 1, experimental group 2, experimental group 3, experimental group 4, processing mode is as follows:
Control group: treatment measures are not taken；
Experimental group 1: flocculating and purifying processing is carried out to water body using poly-aluminium, dosage is to reach poly-aluminium concentration in water body
20mg/L；
Experimental group 2: flocculating and purifying is carried out to water body using polyacrylamide, dosage is to keep polyacrylamide dense in water body
Degree reaches 20mg/L；
Experimental group 3: directly make incense ashes soil deposit flocculation compression (cladding thickness using composite flocculation compression material
0.5cm), composite flocculation material group becomes, and 30% cinder powder, wheat straw fiber 50%, kaolin 10%, 5% polyacrylamide, 5% shell are poly-
Sugar, wherein cinder powder partial size is 0.2cm, the long 2-3cm of wheat straw fiber；
Experimental group 4: flocculating and purifying first is carried out to water body using polyacrylamide, composite flocculation compression material of splashing later makes
The flocculation compression of incense ashes soil deposit.
Experiment 2 months by a definite date, observes the sprouting situation of submerged plant in each processing by the end of April.
The experimental results showed that black algae does not sprout substantially in control group, several plants can only be seen dimly；Black algae in experimental group 1
Average germination rate is 9.0%；The black algae of experimental group 2 be averaged germination rate be 13.5%；The black algae of experimental group 3 be averaged germination rate be 50.5%；It is real
Test group a 4 black algaes be averaged germination rate be 82.5%.
Embodiment 2
Chongqing urban landscape lake, 15000 square metres of water surface area, depth of water range at 1-2.5 meters, transparency 30cm,
For typical muddy water state.Start in July, 2013 carry out restoration of the ecosystem, main restoration of the ecosystem measure be submerged plant planting, 2013
Effect of Ecological Restoration in October is presented, and submerged plant is coated cover degree and reaches 50%, and water transparency has improvement.But in May, 2014
When, discovery submerged plant germination rate is extremely low (less than 10%), restoration of the ecosystem failure.By searching for reason, finds the problem and be that this
There are the incense ashes of one layer of 15-18cm thickness soil on lake sediment surface.
In by the end of February, 2015, selects sunny calm weather, polyacrylamide of splashing, and makes polyacrylamide concentration in water body
Reach 20mg/L, water transparency rises 40cm；
At the beginning of 3 months, composite flocculation material of splashing, material forms holey flock in water body, uniformly slowly sedimentation, covering
Incense ashes soil deposit, and be gradually compacted, composite flocculation material is 0.8cm in deposit cladding thickness.Composite flocculation material composition
For 30% cinder powder, wheat straw fiber 50%, kaolin 10%, 5% polyacrylamide, 5% chitosan are uniformly mixed using preceding.Wherein
Cinder powder partial size is 0.2cm, the long 2-3cm of wheat straw fiber；
Mid-April, than 2014 raising 40-70% of submerged plant seed germination rate in the different zones of lake.With that is, supplement
Submerged plant seed or trophosome are broadcasted sowing, the seed or trophosome usage amount of eel grass and big najas marina are 0.5kg per acre, are sowed normal
Dosage is 1kg per acre for 1.5 meters of the depth of water or less places when water level, bog pondweed, black algae and watermifoil seed or trophosome, is sown in ordinary water
Locate for 1.5 meters of the depth of water or more when position；The method for sowing of seed and trophosome is, with clay seed addition/trophosome and water, uniformly to sprinkle
It spills.
Eel grass and big najas marina seed are reseeded in shoal by the end of May, bog pondweed seed is reseeded at deep water.It splashes mid-June
Nafusaku medical fluid, dosage 0.5g/m2, be used continuously 2 times in one month, every minor tick 10 days, adjust submerged plant growth,
Promote root system of plant it is sturdy with more, stablize Submerged plant communities.When to August part, which reaches 70%
More than, transparency about 100cm, water quality is good, and Submerged plant communities and the ecosystem are always maintained at stabilization.
Embodiment 3
Changsha landscape impoundments, 5000 square metres of water surface area, depth of water range is typical turbid at 2.0 meters, transparency 20cm
Aquosity.There are the incense ashes of one layer of 10-15cm thickness soil on the lake sediment surface.
In by the end of February, 2014, selects sunny calm weather, polyacrylamide of splashing, and makes polyacrylamide concentration in water body
Reach 5mg/L, water transparency rises 30cm；
At the beginning of 3 months, composite flocculation material of splashing, material forms holey flock in water body, uniformly slowly sedimentation, covering
Incense ashes soil deposit, and be gradually compacted, composite flocculation material is 1cm in deposit cladding thickness.Composite flocculation material group becomes,
50% cinder powder, wheat straw fiber 20%, kaolin 19.5%, 0.5% polyacrylamide, 10% chitosan are uniformly mixed using preceding.Its
Middle cinder powder partial size is 0.1cm, the long 0.5-2cm of wheat straw fiber；
Mid-April, submerged plant seed germination rate reaches 40% in the different zones of lake.With that is, supplement broadcasts sowing submerged plant
The seed or trophosome usage amount of seed or trophosome, eel grass and big najas marina are 1kg per acre, sow the depth of water 1.5 in ordinary water level
Meter or less place, dosage is 2kg, 1.5 meters of depth of water when being sown in ordinary water level per acre for bog pondweed, black algae and watermifoil seed or trophosome
The above place；The method for sowing of seed and trophosome is, with clay seed addition/trophosome and water, uniformly to splash.
Eel grass and big najas marina seed are reseeded in shoal by the end of May, bog pondweed seed is reseeded at deep water.It splashes mid-June
Nafusaku medical fluid, dosage 1g/m2, it is used continuously 3 times in one month, every minor tick 8 days, adjusts submerged plant growth, promotees
Into root system of plant it is sturdy with more, stablize Submerged plant communities.When to August part, the lake submerged vegetation coverage reach 50% with
On, transparency about 80cm, water quality is preferable, and Submerged plant communities are relatively stable with the ecosystem.
Embodiment 4
Chengdu landscape impoundments, 10000 square metres of water surface area, 1.5 meters of the depth of water, transparency 25cm, for typical muddy water state.
There are the incense ashes of one layer of 15-20cm thickness soil for deposit surface.
At the beginning of 3 months 2015, sunny calm weather is selected, polyacrylamide of splashing makes polyacrylamide concentration in water body
Reach 30mg/L, water transparency rises 50cm；
After ten days, composite flocculation material of splashing, material forms holey flock in water body, and uniformly slowly sedimentation, covers
Lid incense ashes soil deposit, and be gradually compacted, composite flocculation material is 1cm in deposit cladding thickness.Composite flocculation material composition
For 20% cinder powder, wheat straw fiber 50%, kaolin 19.9%, 10% polyacrylamide, 0.1% chitosan are uniformly mixed using preceding.
Wherein cinder powder partial size is 0.5cm, the long 3-5cm of wheat straw fiber；
Mid-April, submerged plant seed germination rate is 50% in the different zones of lake.With that is, supplement broadcasts sowing submerged plant kind
The seed or trophosome usage amount of son or trophosome, eel grass and big najas marina are 2kg per acre, sow 1.5 meters of the depth of water in ordinary water level
Locate below, dosage is 5kg per acre for bog pondweed, black algae and watermifoil seed or trophosome, when being sown in ordinary water level 1.5 meters of the depth of water with
Upper place；The method for sowing of seed and trophosome is, with clay seed addition/trophosome and water, uniformly to splash.
Eel grass and big najas marina seed are reseeded in shoal by the end of May, bog pondweed seed is reseeded at deep water.It splashes mid-June
Nafusaku medical fluid, dosage 0.8g/m2, be used continuously 3 times in one month, every minor tick 7 days, adjust submerged plant growth,
Promote root system of plant it is sturdy with more, stablize Submerged plant communities.When to August part, which reaches 70%
More than, transparency 80-100cm, water quality is good, and the ecosystem keeps stablizing.
Embodiment 5
Wuxi City Landscape River, 8000 square metres of water surface area, depth of water range is at 2.5 meters, transparency 30cm, for typical case
Muddy water state.There are the incense ashes of one layer of 20cm thickness soil on the river drift surface.
In by the end of March, 2016, selects sunny calm weather, polyacrylamide of splashing, and makes polyacrylamide concentration in water body
Reach 5mg/L, water transparency rises 30cm；
At the beginning of 3 months, composite flocculation material of splashing, material forms holey flock in water body, uniformly slowly sedimentation, covering
Incense ashes soil deposit, and be gradually compacted, composite flocculation material is 1cm in deposit cladding thickness.Composite flocculation material group becomes,
20% cinder powder, wheat straw fiber 60%, kaolin 10%, 5% polyacrylamide, 5% chitosan are uniformly mixed using preceding.Wherein cinder
Powder diameter is 0.1cm, the long 0.5-2cm of wheat straw fiber；
Mid-April, submerged plant seed germination rate is 45% in the different zones of lake.With that is, supplement broadcasts sowing submerged plant kind
The seed or trophosome usage amount of son or trophosome, eel grass and big najas marina are 1kg per acre, sow 1.5 meters of the depth of water in ordinary water level
Locate below, dosage is 2kg per acre for bog pondweed, black algae and watermifoil seed or trophosome, when being sown in ordinary water level 1.5 meters of the depth of water with
Upper place；The method for sowing of seed and trophosome is, with clay seed addition/trophosome and water, uniformly to splash.
Eel grass and big najas marina seed are reseeded in shoal by the end of May, bog pondweed seed is reseeded at deep water.It splashes mid-June
Nafusaku medical fluid, dosage 1g/m2, it is used continuously 3 times in one month, every minor tick 8 days, adjusts submerged plant growth, promotees
Into root system of plant it is sturdy with more, stablize Submerged plant communities.When to August part, the lake submerged vegetation coverage reach 60% with
On, transparency about 90-100cm, Submerged plant communities and the ecosystem are stablized.
Claims (10)
1. a kind of ecological restoring method of eutrophic water body incense ashes soil deposit characterized by comprising flocculant of splashing is to mesh
The water body for marking lake carries out flocculating and purifying, and composite flocculation compression material of splashing later makes the flocculation compression of incense ashes soil deposit；
Wherein, the composite flocculation compression material is porous material, consisting of mass content 20-50% cinder powder, 20-60% water
Rice or wheat straw fiber, 10-30% kaolin, 0.5-10% polyacrylamide and 0.1-10% chitosan.
2. the method according to claim 1, wherein the flocculant selects polyacrylamide.
3. according to the method described in claim 2, the mode it is characterized in that, the flocculant is splashed are as follows: selected in mid or late Febuary
Sunny calm weather is selected, polyacrylamide of splashing makes its concentration in water body reach 5-30mg/L.
4. the method according to claim 1, wherein in the composite flocculation compression material, the feed coal of selection
Ground-slag partial size is 0.1-0.5cm；Rice or the long 0.5-5cm of wheat straw fiber.
5. the method according to claim 1, wherein the composite flocculation compression material is covered in deposit surface
With a thickness of 0.5-1cm.
6. the mode the method according to claim 1, wherein composite flocculation compression material is splashed are as follows: by the end of February extremely
At the beginning of 3 months, composite flocculation compression material of splashing, material self-assembling formation holey body in water body, uniformly slowly sedimentation, covering are fragrant
Dirt deposit, and be gradually compacted, so that composite flocculation compression material is covered on deposit surface.
7. the method according to claim 1, wherein further including, after composite flocculation compression material of splashing, to heavy
Water plant species word bank is supplemented.
8. the method according to the description of claim 7 is characterized in that observing submerged plant seed in deposit in early and middle ten days in April
The germination in library；It supplements and broadcasts sowing submerged plant seed or trophosome, the submerged plant seed selection eel grass of supplement, big najas marina,
The trophosome hibernaculum of bog pondweed, watermifoil and black algae；The usage amount of eel grass and big najas marina is 0.5-2kg per acre, is sowed normal
1.5 meters of the depth of water or less places when water level, dosage is 1-5kg, water when being sown in ordinary water level per acre for bog pondweed, black algae and watermifoil seed
It is 1.5 meters deep or more to locate；The method for sowing of seed and stem tuber is, with clay plus stem tuber or seed and water, uniformly to splash.
9. method according to claim 1 or 5, which is characterized in that further include reseeding for submerged plant seedling；It is heavy broadcasting sowing
After water plant seed germination, the growing state of submerged plant is checked, early June mid-May-is in the lower place of seed germination rate
Reseeding for submerged plant seedling is carried out, shoal reseeds eel grass and big najas marina seed, and bog pondweed, black algae and fox are reseeded at deep water
Tail algae seed.
10. according to the method described in claim 9, it is characterized in that, further include submerged plant seedling rush it is strong；After reseeding, sprinkle
Spill Nafusaku medical fluid, dosage 0.5-1g/m2, it is used continuously 2-3 times in one month, every minor tick 7-10 days.
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| JPS6014999A (en) * | 1983-07-04 | 1985-01-25 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Methane fermentation apparatus |
| CN104355928A (en) * | 2014-10-14 | 2015-02-18 | 马鞍山科邦生态肥有限公司 | Novel organic fertilizer capable of activating soil and preparation method of novel organic fertilizer |
| CN104743712B (en) * | 2015-04-13 | 2016-10-05 | 刘冬峰 | A kind of dirty method of quick removal Oil in Sewage Water |
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